A combined cutter for machining a small-diameter inner hole and a large-depth ring groove and a machining method

Abstract

The application discloses a combined cutter for machining a small-diameter inner hole large-depth ring groove and a machining method, relates to the technical field of cutter equipment, and effectively solves the problems of excessive cutting force and difficult chip removal in the machining process of the small-diameter inner hole large-depth ring groove, avoids the problem of violent vibration of a cutter bar caused by excessive cutting force in the forming and turning process of an energetic material, simultaneously avoids the problems of cutter damage and accidental ignition caused by chip blocking near a cutting edge, makes it possible to form the small-diameter inner hole large-depth ring groove of the energetic material, and improves the machining quality and the safety of the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tool equipment, in particular to a combined tool and a processing method for machining a small-diameter inner hole and a large-depth annular groove. Background Art

[0002] Cutting is the most feasible method for forming deep annular grooves in small-diameter (≤120 mm) bores of energetic materials. Existing internal boring tools are limited in size and can only produce shallow grooves. To achieve deep grooves, both cutting force and chip evacuation stability must be considered.

[0003] In the existing technology, forming tools with a width equal to the width of the ring groove and a radius consistent with the arc radius of the top of the ring groove are usually used for processing. This processing method has many disadvantages. On the one hand, the height of the tool itself is too large, which affects the design of the feed mechanism; on the other hand, the cutting force during processing is too large, causing the tool rod to undergo large displacement deformation, resulting in severe vibration or even breakage of the tool rod; in addition, the chip width generated by the arc tool is greater than the width of the ring groove, which makes chip discharge difficult and easily causes chip blockage, threatening processing safety.

[0004] Patent CN207071684 describes a W-shaped internal groove turning tool. The tool shank can be extended and retracted to achieve internal grooves at different locations. The tool is fixed, and the groove processing depth is limited by the tool's length. While a double "V"-shaped blade design can directly produce a W-shaped internal groove, the tool's length limits it, preventing the production of deep grooves.

[0005] Patent No. CN 113751740 A describes a grooving tool for internal ring grooves. The tool body features four parallel, spaced-apart cutting edges, capable of producing three ring grooves simultaneously. However, the cutting edge length is 5 mm, and the maximum groove depth is 5 mm, making it impossible to produce grooves deeper than this depth and potentially causing chip jamming. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In light of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a combined tool and method for machining large-depth annular grooves in small-diameter inner holes, designed to overcome or at least partially resolve these issues. This method addresses the current difficulty in machining large-depth annular grooves in small-diameter inner holes of energetic materials and can also be applied to machining internal annular grooves in other non-metallic materials.

[0007] The present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] A combined tool for machining a small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove, comprising:

[0009] A first cutting tool, wherein the first cutting tool is a double straight-edged cutting tool, comprising two parallel cutting edges, with a cutting edge width of 13.5 mm, a spacing of 11 mm, and a total width of 38 mm;

[0010] A second tool, the second tool being a single straight-edged tool with a cutting edge width of 13 mm;

[0011] A third tool, the third tool being a double straight-edged tool with arc side edges;

[0012] A fourth tool is an arc-edged tool, the top arc radius of which is equal to the top radius of the ring groove, and the cutting edge width is 24 mm;

[0013] Among them, the first tool is used to realize the straight groove section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, the first tool, the second tool, and the third tool are used in combination to realize the first arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, and the fourth tool is used to realize the second arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

[0014] Preferably: the rake angle γ0 of the first tool, the second tool, the third tool and the fourth tool is 50° to 60°, the back angle a0 is 10° to 15°, and the main deflection angle K r =90°, secondary deflection angle K r '=3°~5°, the back angle a0'=3°~5°, the chip groove bottom radius is 2 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the first tool, the second tool, the third tool and the fourth tool are positioned through the rectangular slots at the bottom, and are fixed to the tool handle by two countersunk screws respectively.

[0016] A method for machining a small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove, comprising:

[0017] The first tool mentioned above is used to machine the straight groove section of the small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove. The left and right parts are machined alternately during the machining process. The maximum machining depth of a single tool is 5.5 mm.

[0018] The first tool and the second tool described in any one of claims 1 to 3 are used to perform linear processing alternately, with a maximum processing depth of 5.5 mm for a single tool. When a single processing is completed, the tool bar is withdrawn and the tool is replaced; the third tool is used to perform left and right arc processing respectively, so as to complete the processing of the first arc segment of the small-diameter inner hole and large-depth annular groove;

[0019] The fourth tool is used to first perform straight line machining to the groove bottom radius R130 mm, and then perform left and right arc machining respectively, so as to complete the machining of the second arc segment of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

[0020] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a combined tool and processing method for processing small-diameter inner hole and large-depth ring grooves, which effectively solves the problems of excessive cutting force and difficult chip removal in the current processing of small-diameter inner hole and large-depth ring grooves, avoids the problem of severe tool rod vibration caused by excessive cutting force during the turning process of energetic material forming, and at the same time avoids problems such as chips being blocked near the cutting edge causing tool damage and causing accidental ignition during processing, making it possible to form small-diameter inner hole and large-depth ring grooves of energetic materials, thereby improving the processing quality and the safety of the processing process.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a first cutting tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a side view of a cutting edge provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a top view of a cutting edge provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a rear view of a second cutting tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the left-right alternating machining process of the first tool and the straight groove segment formed, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9is a first cutter and a second cutter provided by the embodiment of the present application alternately processing a first arc segment schematic diagram;

[0033] Figure 10 is a first cutter and a second cutter provided by the embodiment of the present application alternately processing a first arc segment schematic diagram;

[0034] Figure 11 is a third cutter provided by the embodiment of the present application processing a first arc segment process and the first arc segment formed schematic diagram;

[0035] Figure 12 is a fourth cutter provided by the embodiment of the present application walking a straight line and processing a second arc segment schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 13 is a second arc segment provided by the embodiment of the present application after processing a schematic diagram.

[0037] In the figure: the first cutter 1, the second cutter 2, the third cutter 3, the fourth cutter 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , a combined cutter for machining a small-diameter inner hole large-depth ring groove provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , the combined cutter can include:

[0040] The first cutter 1 is a double straight edge cutter, including two parallel arranged cutting edges, the cutting edge width is 13.5mm, the interval is 11mm, and the total width is 38mm;

[0041] The second cutter 2 is a single straight edge cutter, and the cutting edge width is 13mm;

[0042] The third cutter 3 is a double straight edge cutter with a circular arc side edge;

[0043] The fourth tool 4 is an arc-edged tool, the top arc radius is equal to the top radius of the ring groove, and the cutting edge width is 24 mm;

[0044] Among them, the first tool 1 is used to realize the straight groove section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, the first tool 1, the second tool 2, and the third tool 3 are used in combination to realize the first arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, and the fourth tool 4 is used to realize the second arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

[0045] The present invention provides a combination of four tools suitable for machining deep annular grooves in small-diameter bores of energetic materials. The combined use of these four tools enables the production of deep annular grooves with rounded tops in small-diameter bores, limiting cutting forces while ensuring a smooth machined surface and efficient chip removal.

[0046] In order to further improve the sharpness of the cutting edge, the embodiment of the present application can also provide the first tool 1, the second tool 2, the third tool 3 and the fourth tool 4 with a rake angle γ0 = 50° to 60°, a back angle a0 = 10° to 15°, and a main deflection angle K r =90°, secondary deflection angle K r '=3°~5°, the back angle a0'=3°~5°, the chip groove bottom radius is 2 mm.

[0047] In order to facilitate the installation of the tool and the handle, the embodiment of the present application can provide that the first tool 1, the second tool 2, the third tool 3 and the fourth tool 4 are all positioned through the rectangular grooves at the bottom, and are fixed to the tool handle by two countersunk screws respectively.

[0048] The present application also provides a method for machining a small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove, comprising:

[0049] The first tool 1 is used to machine the straight groove section of a small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove. The left and right parts are machined alternately during the machining process. The maximum machining depth of a single tool is 5.5 mm.

[0050] The first tool 1 and the second tool 2 are used alternately for straight-line machining, with a maximum machining depth of 5.5 mm for a single tool. When a single machining is completed, the tool bar is withdrawn and the tool is replaced. The third tool 3 is used for left and right circular machining, respectively, to complete the machining of the first arc segment of the small-diameter inner hole and large-depth annular groove.

[0051] The fourth tool 4 is used to first perform straight line machining to the groove bottom radius R130 mm, and then perform left and right arc machining respectively, so as to complete the machining of the second arc segment of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

[0052] The combined tool and processing method provided by this application are introduced in detail below.

[0053] The tool combination includes 4 tools that can be used to process annular grooves with a groove width of 50mm. The first tool 1 is a double straight-edged tool with two parallel cutting edges, a cutting edge width of 13.5mm, an interval of 11mm, and a total width of 38mm. The second tool 2 is a single straight-edged tool with a cutting edge width of 13mm. The third tool 3 is a double straight-edged tool with arc side cutting edges. On the basis of the first tool 1, two left and right arc corners and side cutting edges are added. It has a good finishing effect when processing the arc top and the processing surface is smooth. The fourth tool 4 is an arc-edged tool. The top arc radius is equal to the top radius of the annular groove, and the cutting edge width is 24mm.

[0054] Tool rake angle γ0 = 50° ~ 60°, back angle a0 = 10° ~ 15°, main deflection angle K r =90°, secondary deflection angle K r ' = 3° ~ 5°, with a clearance angle a0' = 3° ~ 5°, and a chip flute bottom radius of 2mm. The sharp cutting edge reduces cutting force, and the large chip flute radius reduces resistance during chip winding.

[0055] The tool is positioned via a rectangular groove in the base and secured to the toolholder with two countersunk screws, allowing for easy operation and quick tool changes. The tool's angled design enables cutting of non-metallic materials, such as energetic materials, effectively reducing cutting forces and improving cutting quality. The large-diameter chip flute design effectively reduces chip resistance. The combined processing of four tools significantly reduces tool height and cutting forces, enabling deep annular groove cutting. The reduced chip width facilitates timely chip removal and ensures safe processing.

[0056] The ring groove processing technology includes 1 section of straight groove processing and 2 sections of arc groove processing.

[0057] 1. Straight groove processing.

[0058] The tool adopts the first tool 1. Alternate processing is performed on the left and right sides. The maximum processing depth of a single tool is 5.5mm. The cross section after processing is as follows Figure 8 shown.

[0059] 2. Processing of the first arc segment.

[0060] The cutting tools include the first cutting tool 1 + the second cutting tool 2 + the third cutting tool 3. Figure 9 As shown, the first tool 1 and the second tool 2 are processed in a straight line alternately. The maximum processing depth of a single tool is 5.5mm. When the single processing is completed, the tool bar is withdrawn and the tool is replaced. The cross section after processing is as follows Figure 10 As shown. The third tool 3 moves along the left and right arc lines respectively, and the cross section after processing is as follows Figure 11 shown.

[0061] 3. Processing of the second arc segment.

[0062] The tool adopts the fourth tool 4. Figure 12 The fourth tool shown in the figure first moves in a straight line to the groove bottom radius R130mm, and then moves in the left and right arc lines respectively. After processing, the cross section is as follows Figure 13 shown.

[0063] In summary, the combined tool for machining small-diameter inner holes and large-depth ring grooves proposed in this application effectively solves the current problems of excessive cutting force and difficult chip removal in the machining of small-diameter inner holes and large-depth ring grooves, avoids the problem of severe tool rod vibration caused by excessive cutting force during the turning process of energetic materials, and at the same time avoids problems such as chips being blocked near the cutting edge causing tool damage and causing accidental ignition during machining, making it possible to form small-diameter inner holes and large-depth ring grooves of energetic materials, thereby improving the machining quality and the safety of the machining process.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0065] Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be seen that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of the present application.

[0066] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented as examples of the application. Each example is provided by way of best mode, and variations of or additions to these examples can be possible. For example, the various embodiments described in this specification can be combined in different combinations. Further, other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. For example, to implement a system embodiment, one can implement a method embodiment and one or more system modules to perform the method embodiment. Each of the various embodiments can be implemented alone or in combination with any other embodiments. It is therefore intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

[0067] The above description is embodied in the form of preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined tool for machining small-diameter inner holes and large-depth annular grooves, characterized in that: include: A first cutting tool, wherein the first cutting tool is a double straight-edged cutting tool, comprising two parallel cutting edges, with a cutting edge width of 13.5 mm, a spacing of 11 mm, and a total width of 38 mm; A second tool, the second tool being a single straight-edged tool with a cutting edge width of 13 mm; A third tool, the third tool being a double straight-edged tool with arc side edges; A fourth tool is an arc-edged tool, the top arc radius of which is equal to the top radius of the ring groove, and the cutting edge width is 24 mm; Among them, the first tool is used to realize the straight groove section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, the first tool, the second tool, and the third tool are used in combination to realize the first arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove, and the fourth tool is used to realize the second arc section processing of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

2. The combined tool for machining small-diameter inner hole and large-depth annular groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake angle γ0 of the first tool, the second tool, the third tool and the fourth tool is 50° to 60°, the back angle a0 is 10° to 15°, and the main deflection angle K r =90°, secondary deflection angle K r '=3°~5°, secondary relief angle a0'=3°~5°, chip groove bottom radius 2 mm.

3. The combined tool for machining small-diameter inner hole and large-depth annular groove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tool, the second tool, the third tool and the fourth tool are all positioned by rectangular slots at their bottoms and fixed to the tool handles by two countersunk screws respectively.

4. A method for machining a small-diameter inner hole with a large-depth annular groove, characterized in that: include: The first tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to machine the straight groove section of the large-depth annular groove with a small-diameter inner hole, with left and right alternating machining during the machining process, and the maximum machining depth of a single tool in a single operation is 5.5 mm; The first tool and the second tool described in any one of claims 1 to 3 are used to perform linear processing alternately, with a maximum single-time processing depth of 5.5 mm for a single tool. When a single processing is completed, the tool bar is withdrawn and the tool is replaced; the third tool described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to perform left and right arc processing respectively, so as to complete the processing of the first arc segment of the small-diameter inner hole and large-depth annular groove; The fourth tool described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to first perform straight line processing to the groove bottom radius R130 mm, and then perform left and right arc processing respectively to complete the processing of the second arc segment of the small diameter inner hole and large depth annular groove.

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