Mxene / cnt / metal oxide aerogel packaging reinforcing material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electronic device anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials and preparation thereof.The application solves the problem of limited shielding performance of the existing electronic device anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials.The application uses MXene as a base body, carbon nanotubes as a structural reinforcing body as a base material for constructing an aerogel, modifies radiation shielding functional materials on the porous structure and large surface area of the aerogel, uses PVA as a crosslinking agent to improve the mechanical properties of the aerogel, and finally prepares the MXene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging material with multifunction and adjustable performance through a freeze-drying technology.Compared with a polymer-based composite material, the aerogel skeleton can maximize the loading capacity of functional particles, realizes performance improvement, and further realizes the design and development of a light-weight and efficient anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electronic device anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials and preparation thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of nuclear industry, radiation medicine and aerospace technology, the probability of exposure to nuclear radiation in these fields is also increasing. Therefore, electronic devices exposed to these radiation environments for a long time are also subjected to irradiation of different types of radiation. Long-term irradiation accumulation can cause damage to electronic devices and equipment, seriously affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct anti-radiation reinforcement on electronic devices in a radiation environment. Passive packaging and reinforcement of electronic devices using packaging materials has the characteristics of simplicity, economy and high efficiency, and therefore this method is more suitable for anti-radiation reinforcement of electronic devices.

[0003] The core of electronic device anti-radiation packaging and reinforcement is to develop anti-radiation packaging materials with excellent shielding performance. At present, the anti-radiation packaging of devices mainly uses metal skin or polymer-based composite materials. However, metal skin is heavy, and the shielding ability of metal skin is single and limited, so its application in some lightweight fields is severely limited. Compared with metal skin materials, polymer-based composite materials have the characteristics of light weight, and can shield single or multiple types of radiation by adjusting the type of functional filler, and different types of polymer matrix can achieve different effects, showing great potential for the preparation of rigid or flexible packaging materials. However, in order to achieve better performance, polymer-based composite materials as anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials need to increase their thickness or the filler ratio of functional fillers. For some nano-enhanced bodies (such as nano-gadolinium oxide, cerium oxide, etc.), the maximum filling amount in the polymer matrix is usually only 50% to 60%, so the performance improvement is limited. In addition, nano-powder is prone to agglomeration in the polymer matrix, which affects the shielding performance. Therefore, based on the above problems of existing materials, it is necessary to develop a new anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing material for electronic devices.

[0004] Aerogel is a low-density nanoporous solid with a fine open-cell structure, so it has low density (0.003-0.15 kg / m 3 ), high porosity and large surface area (500-1000 m 2The combination of such properties of aerogels makes them unique in many aspects, providing possibilities for a large number of applications, some of which have been commercialized. For the demand of anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials, low density makes it have great potential in the selection of lightweight materials, high porosity and large surface area enable it to provide more loading sites for anti-radiation functional particles, and maximize the loading ratio of functional fillers. Moreover, the loose and porous structure of aerogels makes its density can be properly adjusted by compression, so as to realize the regulation of performance. Therefore, based on the above advantages of aerogels, the anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials based on aerogels show great application potential. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application is directed to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials of electronic devices, and provides a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a preparation method of a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material, characterized in that a Mxene dispersion liquid and a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid are uniformly mixed, then PVA is added, and after fully mixing by continuous stirring, a functional filler is added, and then uniformly stirred to obtain a slurry; then the slurry is placed in a mold, and dried by using a freezing technology to obtain a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging material.

[0008] Among them, the functional filler is Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder or Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with core-shell structure. x Gd 2-x O3 powder.

[0009] It is further limited that the MAX phase of the Mxene dispersion liquid is Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, Ta4AlC3, Ta2AlC, Nb2AlC or Nb4AlC3, and the concentration is 5-15 mg / mL; the concentration of the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is 5-15 mg / mL.

[0010] It is further limited that the mass ratio of Mxene and carbon nanotube in the slurry is 3-6:1; the mass ratio of PVA to the total mass of Mxene and carbon nanotube is 1-3:1; and the mass of the functional material is 1-90% of the total mass of Mxene and carbon nanotube.

[0011] It is further limited that after adding PVA, stirring is carried out at a speed of 300-800 rpm for 5-30 min.

[0012] It is further limited that after adding the functional filler, stirring is carried out at a speed of 300-800 rpm for 0.5-2 h.

[0013] Further limitation, the freeze technology is directional freeze drying technology or liquid nitrogen freeze technology.

[0014] Further limitation, the preparation method of the Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with core-shell structure comprises:

[0015] (1) mixing Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, a precipitant, CTAB and water, reacting at 90℃ under water bath condition for 1h, washing the obtained precipitate with deionized water, drying, and then placing in a tube furnace for heat treatment at 300-600℃ under air atmosphere for 1-2h, and collecting the powder for standby;

[0016] (2) mixing the powder obtained in step (1), Gd(NO3)3·6H2O and ethylene glycol, stirring and treating at 180℃ for 1-1.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature and washing, drying, and then heat treating the obtained powder at 600℃ for 1-2h to obtain the Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with core-shell structure.

[0017] Further limitation, the mass ratio of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Gd(NO3)3·6H2O is (0-1):1.

[0018] Further limitation, the precipitant is urea or ammonia water.

[0019] Further limitation, Bi x Gd 2-x The preparation method of the Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with core-shell structure comprises: burning the slurry obtained by dissolving Gd2O3 and Bi2O3 in nitric acid with glycine as fuel, and after the slurry is dehydrated into a gel, the temperature is raised to 250℃, the gel is self-ignited, and the combustion powder is obtained; then the combustion powder is calcined at 600℃ for 1-3h to obtain the Bi x Gd 2-x O3 powder.

[0020] Further limitation, the oxidant to fuel (O / F) is 1:1.5 during the burning process.

[0021] Further limitation, the preparation method of the Mxene dispersion liquid comprises:

[0022] (a) etching: etching the MAX phase by using hydrofluoric acid etching method, HCl+LiF etching method, NaOH autoclave etching method or Lewis etching method to obtain the two-dimensional layered structure Mxene material;

[0023] (b) stripping: the two-dimensional layered structure Mxene material obtained in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic and centrifugal treatment, the upper liquid layer is collected, and the above-mentioned ultrasonic and centrifugal treatment is repeated on the precipitate, and the upper liquid layer is combined to obtain a MXene dispersion.

[0024] Further limitation, the MAX phase in (a) is Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, Ta4AlC3, Ta2AlC, Nb2AlC or Nb4AlC3.

[0025] Further limitation, the ultrasonic treatment time in (b) is about 30 min; the centrifugal treatment speed is 3500 rpm, and the time is 5-10 min.

[0026] Further limitation, the preparation method of the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is:

[0027] The carbon nanotubes and water are mixed, stirred at 400-700 rpm for 5-10 min, and then ultrasonically treated for 15-30 min to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid.

[0028] The second object of the present application is to provide a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material prepared by the above method.

[0029] The third object of the present application is to provide an application of the above-mentioned Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material, specifically for the anti-radiation packaging of electronic devices in nuclear radiation fields, radiation medicine and space radiation environments.

[0030] Advantages:

[0031] The present application uses MXene as the matrix, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the structural reinforcing body as the construction of aerogel matrix material, modifies the radiation shielding functional material on its porous structure and large surface area, uses PVA as a crosslinking agent to improve the mechanical properties of the aerogel, and finally prepares a multifunctional and performance-adjustable MXene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging material through freeze-drying technology. Compared with the prior art, at least the following advantages exist:

[0032] (1) The M-site transition metal in the MAX phase of MXene can be Sc, Ti, V, Hf, Ta and W, which can be adjusted from the element composition, so that MXene can be a high atomic number material or a low atomic number material, and combined with the two-dimensional layered structure of MXene, the shielding performance can be adjusted, making it a potential shielding material.

[0033] (2) The present application effectively solves the problem that the traditional functional filler has poor adaptability with the aerogel matrix due to its large volume, which seriously affects the load between the aerogel skeleton, reduces the load capacity, and affects the performance. The present application adopts the core-shell structure design and the design of element composition, realizes the better synergistic effect of multiple elements in the functional filler and the better compatibility and larger load capacity (up to 90%) between the aerogel skeleton, realizes the best radiation shielding performance of the aerogel composite material.

[0034] (3) The present application makes full use of the lightness, porosity and large surface area characteristics of MXene / CNT aerogel, so that the anti-radiation functional filler is fully loaded on the surface of MXene. Compared with the polymer-based composite material, the aerogel skeleton can maximize the load capacity of the functional particles, realize the performance improvement, and further realize the design and development of light and efficient anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials.

[0035] (4) The present application utilizes the negative charge on the surface of MXene and CNT, and the positive charge on the surface of the anti-radiation functional filler particles, and realizes the loading of the functional particles on MXene through electrostatic self-assembly technology. The loaded particles have good dispersibility in the aerogel skeleton, avoiding agglomeration, and further improving the shielding performance of the anti-radiation packaging and reinforcing materials.

[0036] (5) The present application adopts directional freeze-drying technology to realize directional arrangement of the aerogel channels, so that the functional filler is arranged in a direction, enhancing the interaction probability with the incident rays, and being beneficial to improve the shielding performance.

[0037] (6) The aerogel prepared by the present application has a porous structure, which has adjustable thickness and density, thereby realizing the regulation of the channel structure, and further realizing the regulation of the shielding performance.

[0038] (7) The aerogel prepared by the present application also has excellent heat resistance, so that it can better protect the device as a packaging material, avoiding the damage caused by thermal shock to the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 SEM image of few-layer Ti3C2T x of the MXene dispersion liquid prepared in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 2 SEM image of carbon nanotubes;

[0041] Figure 3 Front view of the aerogel material prepared in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 4A top view of the aerogel material prepared in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 5 A SEM photograph of the aerogel material prepared in Example 2;

[0044] Figure 6 An XRD spectrum of the aerogel material prepared in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without the specific details given herein, that the present application can be practiced with other than the described implementations, and that the present application can be practiced with different or additional components, elements, materials and / or methods. Thus, the present application is not limited to the implementations disclosed herein but include all implementations falling within the scope of the present application.

[0047] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. The "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not mean the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is independent of or selected from other embodiments.

[0048] The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods and instruments in the art unless otherwise specified, and can be obtained by commercial channels by those skilled in the art, and the purity of the solid and liquid reagents used is all analytical pure.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] 1. Ti3C2T x Preparation of MXene dispersion:

[0051] First, 2g of Ti3AlC2 was etched at 35℃ for 30h using a mixture of 30mL of 12M hydrochloric acid and 2g of lithium fluoride, and then washed with deionized water by centrifugation for 6-8 times until the pH value was close to 7, to obtain a multi-layer two-dimensional clay-like structure Ti3C2T x material.

[0052] Then, the multi-layer Ti3C2T xThe transfer was ultrasonically treated for 30 min under ice water bath conditions, and after the ultrasonication was completed, centrifugation was performed at a speed of 3500 rpm for 10 min. After the upper liquid was collected, the precipitate was further added with water, and the ultrasonication and centrifugation steps were repeated to obtain a MXene dispersion liquid. Then, 3 mL of the dispersion liquid was taken and placed on a suction filter funnel to be filtered into a film. After drying, the mass of the film was 30 mg, the concentration of the dispersion liquid was determined to be 10 mg / mL, and the micro-morphology of the film was characterized. The SEM photo is shown in Figure 1 .

[0053] 2. Preparation of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid:

[0054] 0.6 g of carbon nanotube (the micro-morphology SEM photo is shown in Figure 2 ) was weighed and dispersed in 100 mL of water, stirred at 500 rpm for 10 min, and then ultrasonically treated for 30 min to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid of 6 mg / mL.

[0055] 3. Preparation of functional filler:

[0056] (1) 2.425 g of Bi (NO3) 3·5H2O was dissolved in water, 6 g of urea and 1.825 g of CTAB were added, and then the container was transferred to a water bath for reaction at 90°C for 1 h. After the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled to room temperature, washed several times by centrifugation with deionized water, and dried. Then, the powder was heat-treated at 600°C in air for 1 h in a tube furnace, and the powder was collected for use.

[0057] (2) The powder obtained in the above (1) was dispersed in 80 mL of ethylene glycol, and then 2.9 g of Gd (NO3) 3·6H2O was added. The reaction device was transferred to an oil bath at 180°C, and stirred for 1.5 h. After cooling to room temperature, the product was washed by centrifugation and dried. Then, the product was heat-treated at 600°C in air for 1 h to obtain Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder.

[0058] 4. Preparation of aerogel:

[0059] 10 mg / mL of Ti3C2T x dispersion liquid 32 mL, 6 mg / mL of CNTs dispersion liquid 10.7 mL, stirring for 5 min to fully mix the two. Then, 0.768 g of PVA crosslinking agent was added, and stirring was continued for 10 min to fully mix it. 3.456 g of the above Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder was weighed and added to the above mixture, and stirred at 600 rpm for 2 h. After the stirring was completed, the mixture was transferred to a 2×2×2 cm mold, the mold was placed on a copper bridge, one end of the copper bridge was immersed in liquid nitrogen at -196°C, and the other end was immersed in water at 20°C. The mixture was dried by directional freeze-drying technology to obtain an aerogel material with a loading capacity of 90%.

[0060] The cubic aerogel material prepared was tested, with a volume of 8 cm 3 , a mass of 630 mg, and a density of 0.7875 g / cm 3 , and had the lightweight property.

[0061] Shielding performance test

[0062] The aerogel material prepared above was subjected to electronic shielding performance test. The aerogel material prepared with a size of 2x2x2 cm was placed in an electronic irradiation field, and the total dose was accumulated to 500 krad. The initial dose and the remaining dose after shielding were calibrated by using a dosimeter, and the calculation result showed that the shielding rate of the aerogel material with a size of 2x2x2 cm to electrons was as high as 81.9%.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] 1. Ti3C2T x Preparation of MXene dispersion:

[0065] First, 4 g of Ti3AlC2 was etched at room temperature for 24 h using 40 mL of 40% mass fraction hydrofluoric acid, and then centrifugally washed with deionized water for 6-8 times until the pH value was close to 7, to obtain a multi-layered accordion structure Ti3C2T x material.

[0066] Then, 4 g of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) intercalating agent (any one of the four common intercalating agents, including tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ethanol (ET)) was added to the multi-layered Ti3C2T x dispersion, and after ultrasonic treatment for 30 min, centrifugation was performed at a speed of 3500 rpm for 10 min. The precipitate was collected after the upper liquid, and the intercalating agent and water were added and centrifuged again. The above steps were repeated to obtain the MXene dispersion. Then, 3 mL of the dispersion was taken by a pipette and placed on a filter funnel for filtration into a film. After drying, the mass of the film was 24 mg, and the concentration of the dispersion was determined to be 8 mg / mL.

[0067] 2. Preparation of carbon nanotube dispersion:

[0068] 0.4 g of carbon nanotubes was weighed and dispersed in 100 mL of water, stirred at a speed of 500 rpm for 10 min, and then ultrasonically treated for 30 min to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion with a concentration of 4 mg / mL.

[0069] 3. Preparation of functional filler:

[0070] Gd2O3and 3.61 g of Bi2O3were dissolved in a small amount of nitric acid, and combustion was carried out with glycine as fuel. The combustion reaction was carried out in a fuel-deficient stoichiometry, in which the oxidant to fuel (O / F) was kept at 1:1.5, and then the solution was dehydrated into a highly viscous liquid (gel), and then the temperature was raised to 250°C, causing the viscous liquid to expand, and then self-ignition occurred, and a large amount of gas evolved rapidly to produce a large volume of powder. The obtained powder was calcined at 600°C to obtain Bi 1.55 Gd 0.45 O3powder.

[0071] 4. Aerogel preparation:

[0072] 8 mg / mL Ti3C2T x dispersion liquid 40 mL, 4 mg / mL CNTs dispersion liquid 16 mL, stir for 5 min to fully mix the two. Then add 0.768 g of PVA crosslinking agent, continue to stir for 10 min to fully mix. Weigh 3.456 g of Bi 1.55 Gd 0.45 O3powder, add to the above dispersion liquid, fully stir at 600 rpm for 2 h. After stirring, transfer the dispersion liquid to a 2x2x2 cm mold, place the mold on a copper bridge, immerse one end of the copper bridge in liquid nitrogen at -196°C and the other end in water at 20°C, and dry by directional freeze-drying technology to obtain an aerogel material with a loading of 90%.

[0073] The actual picture of the above aerogel material is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen from Figure 3 and Figure 4 that the aerogel material is successfully prepared by directional freeze-drying technology, and the aerogel material exhibits good orientation.

[0074] The micro-morphology of the above aerogel material was characterized, and the SEM photos are shown in Figure 5 It can be seen from Figure 5 that the Bi 1.55 Gd 0.45 O3powder is uniformly distributed on the aerogel skeleton and no agglomeration phenomenon occurs.

[0075] The XRD spectrum of the above aerogel material is shown in Figure 6 It can be seen from Figure 6 that the Bi element and the Gd element form a Bi 1.55 Gd 0.45 O3material through solid solution, successfully realizing the design of two elements in the same substance.

[0076] The cubic aerogel material prepared was tested, and its volume was 8 cm3 , the mass is 630 mg, and the density is 0.7875 g / cm 3 , and has a lightweight property.

[0077] Shielding performance test

[0078] The shielding performance test was performed on the aerogel material prepared in the example. The prepared aerogel material with a size of 2x2x2 cm was placed in an electron irradiation field, and the total dose was accumulated to 500 krad. The initial dose and the remaining dose after shielding were calibrated by using a dosimeter, and the calculation result showed that the shielding rate of the 2x2x2 cm aerogel material to electrons was as high as 80.5%.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] The difference between the present comparative example and the example is that step 3 is not performed, and the mixture of Bi2O3 powder and Gd2O3 powder is directly used as a functional filler. The remaining process steps and parameter settings are the same as those of Example 1.

[0081] The specific operation process is as follows:

[0082] 1. Ti3C2T x Preparation of MXene dispersion liquid:

[0083] First, 4 g of Ti3AlC2 was etched at 35°C for 30 h using a mixture of 30 mL of 12M hydrochloric acid and 4 g of lithium fluoride, and then washed with deionized water by centrifugation for 6-8 times until the pH value was close to 7, to obtain a multi-layer two-dimensional clay-like structure Ti3C2T x material.

[0084] Then, the multi-layer Ti3C2T x was transferred and ultrasonically treated under ice water bath conditions for 30 min. After ultrasonic treatment, centrifugation was performed at a speed of 3500 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant was collected, and the precipitate was further added with water. The ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation steps were repeated to obtain a MXene dispersion liquid. Then, 3 mL of the dispersion liquid was taken and placed on a suction filter funnel to be filtered into a film. After drying, the mass of the film was 30 mg, the concentration of the dispersion liquid was determined to be 10 mg / mL, and the micro-morphology of the film was characterized. The SEM photo is shown in Figure 1 .

[0085] 2. Preparation of carbon nanotube dispersion liquid:

[0086] 0.6 g of carbon nanotubes (the micro-morphology SEM photo is shown in Figure 2 ) was weighed and dispersed in 100 mL of water. After stirring at 500 rpm for 10 min, ultrasonic treatment was performed for 30 min to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid with a concentration of 6 mg / mL.

[0087] 3. Aerogel preparation:

[0088] 10 mg / mL Ti3C2T was measured by a pipette x The dispersion liquid 32 mL, 6 mg / mL CNTs dispersion liquid 10.7 mL, stirring for 5 min to fully mix the two. Then add 0.768 g PVA crosslinking agent, continue to stir for 10 min to fully mix. Weigh 1.728 g Bi2O3 powder and 1.728 g Gd2O3 powder, add to the above mixture, fully stirred at 600 rpm for 2 h. After stirring, the mixture was transferred to a 2x2x2 cm mold, the mold was placed on a copper bridge, one end of the copper bridge was immersed in liquid nitrogen at-196℃, the other end was immersed in water at 20℃, and the drying was carried out by directional freeze-drying technology, and the aerogel material with a loading capacity of 90% was obtained.

[0089] The electronic shielding performance test of the aerogel material prepared in the example was carried out, the size of the prepared aerogel material was 2x2x2 cm, which was placed in the electronic irradiation field, the total dose was accumulated to 500 krad, the initial dose and the remaining dose after shielding were calibrated by a dosimeter, and the calculation result showed that the shielding rate of the 2x2x2 cm aerogel material to electrons was 69%, which was lower than 81.9% of example 1, because in comparative example 1, although the loading capacity of functional filler was 90%, but obvious agglomeration phenomenon occurred, which affected the shielding performance.

[0090] Although the present application has been disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel encapsulation reinforcement material, characterized in that, After the Mxene dispersion liquid and the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid are uniformly mixed, PVA is added, and after fully mixing by continuous stirring, functional fillers are added, and uniform stirring is continued to obtain a slurry; then the slurry is placed in a mold, and a freeze-drying process is performed to obtain a Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging material; The mass ratio of Mxene and carbon nanotubes in the slurry is 3-6:1; the mass ratio of PVA to the total mass of Mxene and carbon nanotubes is 1-3:1; and the mass of the functional fillers is 1-90% of the total mass of Mxene and carbon nanotubes. The functional filler is Bi2O3@Gd2O3powder or Bi x Gd 2-x O3 powder.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The MAX phase of the Mxene dispersion liquid is Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, Ta4AlC3, Ta2AlC, Nb2AlC or Nb4AlC3, and the concentration is 5-15 mg / mL; and the concentration of the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid is 5-15 mg / mL.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with a core-shell structure comprises: (1) mixing Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, a precipitant, CTAB and water, reacting at 90°C under water bath conditions for 1h, washing the obtained precipitate with deionized water, drying, and then placing it in a tube furnace for heat treatment at 300-600°C under an air atmosphere for 1-2h, and collecting the powder for standby; (2) mixing the powder obtained in step (1), Gd(NO3)3·6H2O and ethylene glycol, stirring and treating at 180°C under oil bath conditions for 1-1.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature and washing, drying, and then heat treating the obtained powder at 600°C for 1-2h to obtain the Bi2O3@Gd2O3 powder with a core-shell structure.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized by, The mass ratio of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O to Gd(NO3)3·6H2O is (0-1):1, and 0 is excluded.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The precipitant is urea or ammonia water.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, Bi x Gd 2-x The preparation method of the Bi2Gd2O6 powder is as follows: glycine is used as fuel to dissolve Gd2O3 and Bi2O3 in nitric acid to obtain a slurry for combustion treatment; after the slurry is dehydrated into a gel, the temperature is increased to 250℃, the gel is self-ignited, and a combustion powder is obtained; then the combustion powder is calcined at 600℃ for 1-3h to obtain the Bi2Gd2O6 powder. x Gd 2-x O3 powder.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The oxidant and the fuel are 1:1.5 during the combustion process.

8. A Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel packaging and reinforcing material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-7.

9. Use of the Mxene / CNT / metal oxide aerogel encapsulation reinforcement material of claim 8, characterized in that, An anti-radiation package for electronic devices in nuclear radiation fields, radiation medicine and space radiation environments.

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