Shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle power transmission equipment.The electromagnetic clutch comprises an input assembly, a first output assembly, a second output assembly, a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly, the output assembly comprises an output rotating shaft which is arranged on one side of the input rotating shaft; the transmission assembly comprises a first gear, a second gear, a torque transmission gear shaft, a first-gear gear sleeve and a second-gear gear sleeve; the torque transmission gear shaft is arranged on the output rotating shaft in a sleeving mode and located between the first gear and the second gear, and the torque transmission gear shaft can relatively move in the axial direction of the output rotating shaft; and the driving structure is used for driving the torque transmission gear shaft to move in the axial direction of the output rotating shaft. In the embodiment of the invention, the gear shifting control of three gears, namely a neutral gear, a first gear and a second gear, can be realized, and the switching of the three gears can be completed, so that the output rotating speed and torque range of the power device is larger, and the application range is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle power transmission equipment, and in particular to a shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the basic working principle of the electromagnetic clutch is: when the current acts on the electromagnetic coil, under the joint action of the electromagnetic force and the electrostatic force, a torque is generated between the stator and the rotor, and this torque causes the rotor to start rotating, thereby realizing the transmission of kinetic energy. When the current is disconnected, the stator and the rotor are separated, and the output shaft stops working. However, the traditional electromagnetic clutch can only realize the transmission change by disconnecting and connecting the power transfer element, that is, there are only two positions of "neutral" and "first gear", and it is impossible to control two gears or more gear shifting operations. With the increase of the speed and torque output by the current power device, the applicability of the single-gear tooth clutch is limited. This type of clutch is not suitable for power devices that need to change the output speed and torque. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a sleeve type electromagnetic clutch that can realize three-gear shift control, so that the speed and torque range of the power device output is larger and the application range is wider.

[0004] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch, comprising:

[0005] An input assembly, comprising an input shaft and a first input gear and a second input gear matched with the input shaft;

[0006] An output assembly, comprising an output shaft, wherein the output shaft is arranged on one side of the input shaft;

[0007] A transmission assembly, comprising a first gear, a second gear, a torque transmission gear shaft, a first gear sleeve and a second gear sleeve, wherein the first gear and the second gear are arranged at intervals on the output shaft, the first gear is meshed with the first input gear, and the second gear is meshed with the second input gear; the first gear sleeve is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the second gear sleeve is fixedly connected to the second gear; the torque transmission gear shaft and the output shaft are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction, and the torque transmission gear shaft can move relatively along the axial direction of the output shaft, wherein the first gear sleeve has a first bite portion; the second gear sleeve has a second bite portion, and the torque transmission gear shaft has a first combination portion and a second combination portion, the first combination portion is used to cooperate with the first bite portion, and the second combination portion is used to cooperate with the second bite portion;

[0008] The driving structure is used to drive the torque transmission gear shaft to move axially along the output shaft.

[0009] Further, the torque transmission gear shaft has a first working position, a second working position and a third working position along the axial direction of the output shaft, wherein when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the first working position, the first combining portion cooperates with the first biting portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the second working position, the second combining portion cooperates with the second biting portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the third working position, the first combining portion and the first biting portion are staggered, and the second combining portion and the second biting portion are staggered.

[0010] Further, the transmission assembly includes a gear shaft sleeve, which is sleeved on the output shaft and fixedly connected to the output shaft, wherein the gear shaft sleeve is located between the first gear and the second gear, and the outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve is provided with at least one sliding groove extending along the axial direction of the output shaft, and the torque transmission gear shaft has a mating portion slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the first combining portion and the second combining portion are present as a tooth row structure arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the torque transmission gear shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving structure includes a push ring assembly and an electromagnetic coil assembly, the push ring assembly includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the torque transmission gear shaft, and the outer ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner ring, wherein the inner ring is made of magnetic isolation material, and the outer ring is made of magnetic conductive material, and the electromagnetic coil assembly is used to drive the outer ring to move axially along the output shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a distance ring, a spring and a ball plunger, the end of the gear sleeve close to the second gear has a limiting portion, the spring is sleeved on the gear sleeve, one end of the spring abuts against the limiting portion, the other end of the spring is connected to the distance ring, the distance ring is fixedly connected to the torque transmission gear shaft, the ball plunger is installed on the distance ring, the outer wall of the gear sleeve is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to cooperate with the ball plunger.

[0014] Furthermore, a stepped groove is provided on one side of the torque transmission gear shaft close to the gear shaft sleeve, an outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve and the stepped groove enclose an activity space, and the spring is arranged in the activity space.

[0015] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil assembly includes a shell, a coil and a cover plate, the shell has a groove with an opening at one end, the coil is arranged in the groove, and the cover plate is installed at the opening of the shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft and the output shaft is changed by changing the current of the coil.

[0017] Another aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising the shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch as described above.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch and vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application, the driving structure can drive the torque transmission gear shaft to move axially along the output shaft. By changing the relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft and the output shaft, the first coupling portion of the torque transmission gear shaft can be matched with the first bite portion of the first gear sleeve, or the second coupling portion of the torque transmission gear shaft can be matched with the second bite portion of the second gear sleeve, or the first coupling portion and the first bite portion are misaligned and the second coupling portion and the second bite portion are misaligned. In this way, the shift control of three gears can be realized, namely "neutral", "first gear" and "second gear", and the switching of the three gears can be completed, so that the speed and torque range of the power device output is larger and the scope of application is wider. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic coil assembly in a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a push ring assembly in a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the position of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided by an embodiment of the present application when in neutral;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the position of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in an embodiment of the present application when in first gear;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the position of a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch provided in an embodiment of the present application when in second gear.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 110, input shaft; 120, first input gear; 130, second input gear;

[0031] 210, output shaft;

[0032] 310, first gear; 320, second gear; 330, torque transmission gear shaft; 340, first gear sleeve; 350, second gear sleeve; 360, gear shaft sleeve; 361, slide groove; 362, limiter; 371, distance ring; 372, spring; 373, ball plunger; 381, first retaining spring; 382, ​​second retaining spring;

[0033] 400, driving structure; 411, housing; 412, cover plate; 413, coil; 414, winding cloth; 415, curing glue; 421, inner ring; 422, outer ring; 430, middle plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a sleeve-type electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present application includes an input component, an output component, a transmission component and a drive structure 400 .

[0036] Specifically, the input assembly includes an input shaft 110 and a first input gear 120 and a second input gear 130 matched with the input shaft 110; the output assembly includes an output shaft 210, and the output shaft 210 is arranged on one side of the input shaft 110; the transmission assembly includes a first gear 310, a second gear 320, a torque transmission gear shaft 330, a first gear sleeve 340 and a second gear sleeve 350, the first gear 310 and the second gear 320 are arranged at intervals on the output shaft 210, and the first gear 310 and the second gear 320 are arranged at intervals on the output shaft 210. The first input gear 120 is meshed, and the second gear 320 is meshed with the second input gear 130; the first gear sleeve 340 is fixedly connected to the first gear 310; the second gear sleeve 350 is fixedly connected to the second gear 320; the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is sleeved on the output shaft 210 and is located between the first gear 310 and the second gear 320, and the torque transmission gear shaft 330 can move relatively along the axial direction of the output shaft 210, and the driving structure 400 is used to drive the torque transmission gear shaft 330 to move along the axial direction of the output shaft 210. Among them, the first gear sleeve 340 has a first bite portion, the second gear sleeve 350 has a second bite portion, and the torque transmission gear shaft 330 has a first combination portion and a second combination portion, the first combination portion is used to cooperate with the first bite portion, and the second combination portion is used to cooperate with the second bite portion.

[0037] In the sleeve type electromagnetic clutch provided in the embodiment of the present application, by changing the relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the output shaft 210, the first joint portion of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 can be matched with the first bite portion of the first gear sleeve 340, or the second joint portion of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 can be matched with the second bite portion of the second gear sleeve 350, or the first joint portion and the first bite portion are staggered and the second joint portion and the second bite portion are staggered. In this way, the shift control of three gears can be realized, namely "neutral", "first gear" and "second gear", and the switching of the three gears can be completed, so that the speed and torque range of the power device output is larger and the application range is wider.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 has a first working position, a second working position and a third working position along the axial direction of the output shaft 210. Specifically, when the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the first working position, the first combination portion cooperates with the first bite portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the second working position, the second combination portion cooperates with the second bite portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the third working position, the first combination portion is staggered with the first bite portion, and the second combination portion is staggered with the second bite portion.

[0039] It is worth understanding that when the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the first working position, see Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the electromagnetic clutch is in the first gear. At this time, the input shaft 110 transmits power to the first gear 310 through the first input gear 120, and then the first gear 310 drives the first gear sleeve 340 to rotate around the output shaft 210. In this process, since the first coupling portion of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 cooperates with the first engaging portion of the first gear sleeve 340, the first gear sleeve 340 can drive the torque transmission gear shaft 330 to rotate, and the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the output shaft 210 are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction, thereby driving the output shaft 210 to rotate.

[0040] Similarly, when the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the second working position, see Figure 2 and Figure 8 , the electromagnetic clutch is in the second gear. At this time, the input shaft 110 transmits power to the second gear 320 through the second input gear 130, and then the second gear 320 drives the second gear sleeve 350 to rotate around the output shaft 210, and the second gear sleeve 350 can drive the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the output shaft 210 to rotate.

[0041] When the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the third working position, Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the electromagnetic clutch is in neutral, at this time, the first gear 310 and the second gear 320 are both idling, and the first gear 310 and the second gear 320 cannot drive the output shaft 210 to rotate.

[0042] It should be noted that the output shaft 210 can be directly connected to the outside to provide a rotational driving force; the output shaft 210 can also be connected to other components through gears or other transmission structures to provide power, which is not limited here.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transmission assembly includes a gear shaft sleeve 360, which is sleeved on the output shaft 210 and fixedly connected to the output shaft 210. The gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​is located between the first gear 310 and the second gear 320. The outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​is provided with at least one slide groove 361 extending along the axial direction of the output shaft 210, and the torque transmission gear shaft 330 has a matching portion slidably connected with the slide groove 361. Among them, the matching portion of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 matches the slide groove 361, and the matching portion can slide along the slide groove 361, so that the relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 with the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​can be changed in the axial direction of the output shaft 210. At the same time, the matching portion cooperates with the slide groove 361 to limit the rotation of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 relative to the gear shaft sleeve 360, so that the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​can rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction, that is, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 can drive the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​to rotate synchronously.

[0044] In a possible implementation, there are multiple slide grooves 361, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the gear sleeve 360, and correspondingly, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is provided with a matching portion at a position corresponding to each slide groove 361. In this way, the force of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 can be uniformly applied to the circumferential direction of the gear sleeve 360.

[0045] In this embodiment, the slide groove 361 is specifically a spline groove, and the matching portion matches the spline groove.

[0046] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The right end of the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​is provided with a retaining spring slot, and the second retaining spring 382 is installed on the retaining spring slot to limit the right end of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and prevent it from falling off.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first combination part and the second combination part present a tooth row structure arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the torque transmission gear shaft 330. The first combination part is the first tooth row, and the second combination part is the second tooth row. Correspondingly, the first bite part is a tooth ring matching the first tooth row, and the second bite part is a tooth ring matching the second tooth row.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the first tooth row can be one or more. When there are multiple first tooth rows, the multiple first tooth rows are arranged at intervals. The gap between two adjacent first tooth rows can accommodate the first bite portion.

[0049] In a possible embodiment, the first engaging portion includes one or more third tooth rows for cooperating with the first tooth row. When there are multiple third tooth rows, the third tooth rows are arranged at intervals, and the interval between two adjacent third tooth rows can accommodate the first tooth row, so as to avoid interference between the first tooth row and the third tooth row in neutral gear.

[0050] Similarly, there may be one or more second tooth rows. When there are multiple second tooth rows, the multiple second tooth rows are arranged at intervals. The gap between two adjacent second tooth rows can accommodate the second bite portion.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the second engaging portion includes one or more fourth tooth rows, and the fourth tooth rows are used to engage with the second tooth rows.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figures 2 to 5The driving structure 400 includes a push ring assembly and an electromagnetic coil assembly. The push ring assembly includes an inner ring 421 and an outer ring 422. The inner ring 421 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the torque transmission gear shaft 330, and the outer ring 422 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner ring 421. Among them, the inner ring 421 is made of magnetic isolation material, and the outer ring 422 is made of magnetic conductive material. The electromagnetic coil assembly is used to drive the outer ring 422 to move axially along the output shaft 210. In practical applications, by changing the magnitude of the current passed through the electromagnetic coil assembly, the magnitude of the electromagnetic force exerted on the outer ring 422 can be changed, thereby driving the torque transmission gear shaft 330 to move axially along the output shaft 210. It is worth understanding that by changing the direction of the current passed through the electromagnetic coil assembly, the force direction of the outer ring 422 can be changed, thereby changing the movement direction of the torque transmission gear shaft 330.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transmission assembly includes a distance ring 371, a spring 372 and a ball plunger 373. The end of the gear sleeve 360 ​​close to the second gear 320 has a limiting portion 362. The spring 372 is sleeved on the gear sleeve 360. One end of the spring 372 abuts against the limiting portion 362. The other end of the spring 372 is connected to the distance ring 371. The distance ring 371 is fixedly connected to the torque transmission gear shaft 330. The ball plunger 373 is installed on the distance ring 371. The outer wall of the gear sleeve 360 ​​is provided with a groove, which is used to cooperate with the ball plunger 373 to achieve a limiting effect.

[0054] In practical applications, by changing the current passed through the electromagnetic coil assembly, the electromagnetic force on the outer ring 422 can be changed, thereby changing the compression degree of the spring 372, thereby changing the relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 in the axial direction of the output shaft 210.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 A stepped groove is provided on one side of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 near the gear shaft sleeve 360, and an activity space is enclosed by the outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve 360 ​​and the stepped groove, and the spring 372 is arranged in the activity space. The spring 372 can move telescopically in the activity space. That is, in the axial direction of the output shaft 210, the spring 372 partially overlaps with the torque transmission gear shaft 330, so that the volume of the electromagnetic clutch in the axial direction of the output shaft 210 can be reduced.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The electromagnetic coil assembly includes a shell 411, a coil 413 and a cover plate 412. The shell 411 has a groove with an opening at one end. The coil 413 is arranged in the groove. The cover plate 412 is installed at the opening of the shell 411.

[0057] In the above embodiments, see Figure 4 The shell 411 , the coil 413 and the cover plate 412 are all in a ring shape, and the three constitute a ring-shaped electromagnetic coil assembly, which is sleeved on the outer circumference of the outer ring 422 .

[0058] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A retaining spring slot is provided at the right end of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 , and a first retaining spring 381 is installed on the retaining spring slot to fix the push ring assembly on the torque transmission gear shaft 330 .

[0059] Furthermore, the coil 413 is made of an enameled wire, and a layer of winding cloth 414 is wound around the surface of the enameled wire, and the winding cloth 414 includes an insulating cloth.

[0060] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic coil assembly includes a curing glue 415, and the curing glue 415 fixes the coil 413 and the automotive wiring harness connector wire in the groove of the housing 411. The end cover is placed in the groove of the housing 411 and fixed by pressing the housing 411. During assembly, the drive structure 400 includes an intermediate plate 430, and the intermediate plate 430 has a hollow area. The coil assembly is installed on the intermediate plate 430 as a whole, and the electromagnetic coil assembly is fixed with bolts to prevent the overall movement, thereby ensuring that the electromagnetic clutch is not damaged by shaking before being loaded into the vehicle box and during transportation.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic clutch further includes a position sensor, and the position sensor is used to detect the state of the clutch.

[0062] Another aspect of the present application is disclosed in an embodiment of a vehicle, including the shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch as described above, having all the technical effects of the shaft sleeve type electromagnetic clutch as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] The following describes the sleeve type electromagnetic clutch of the embodiment of the present application in detail with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only exemplary descriptions and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, after the vehicle is powered on for self-test, the clutch state is detected by the position sensor. When the electromagnetic coil assembly is powered off, only the spring force of the spring 372 acts on the distance ring 371, and pushes the distance ring 371 to make the ball plunger 373 break through the groove force on the gear sleeve 360, so that it is pushed to the right out of the groove position. At this time, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is in the middle position, and the left and right ends of the torque transmission gear shaft 330 are not combined with the first gear sleeve 340 or the second gear sleeve 350, so as to realize the neutral control of the clutch.

[0065] See also Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, when a small current is passed through the electromagnetic coil assembly, an electromagnetic force is generated to move the push ring assembly to the left, pushing the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the distance ring 371 to move to the left. At this time, the electromagnetic force is almost equal to the load of the spring 372, and the spring 372 is slightly compressed, and the ball plunger 373 moves axially to the left and slides into the slot to achieve the limit function. At this time, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is combined with the first gear sleeve 340, and the power is transmitted through the input shaft 110 and the first gear 310 to achieve the first gear control of the clutch.

[0066] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, when a large current is passed through the electromagnetic coil assembly, an electromagnetic force is generated to cause the push ring assembly to move axially to the left, pushing the torque transmission gear shaft 330 and the distance ring 371 to move axially to the left. At this time, the electromagnetic force is much greater than the load of the spring 372, and the spring 372 is greatly compressed, and the ball plunger 373 also overcomes the movement to the left and slides out of the slot. At this time, the torque transmission gear shaft 330 is combined with the second gear sleeve 350, and power is transmitted through the input shaft 110 and the second gear 320 to realize the second gear control of the clutch.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0068] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0071] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are displayed in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

Claims

1. A sleeve type electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that: include: An input assembly, comprising an input shaft and a first input gear and a second input gear matched with the input shaft; An output assembly, comprising an output shaft, wherein the output shaft is arranged on one side of the input shaft; A transmission assembly, comprising a first gear, a second gear, a torque transmission gear shaft, a first gear sleeve and a second gear sleeve, wherein the first gear and the second gear are arranged at intervals on the output shaft, the first gear is meshed with the first input gear, and the second gear is meshed with the second input gear; the first gear sleeve is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the second gear sleeve is fixedly connected to the second gear; the torque transmission gear shaft and the output shaft are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction, and the torque transmission gear shaft can move relatively along the axial direction of the output shaft, wherein the first gear sleeve has a first bite portion; the second gear sleeve has a second bite portion, and the torque transmission gear shaft has a first combination portion and a second combination portion, the first combination portion is used to cooperate with the first bite portion, and the second combination portion is used to cooperate with the second bite portion; The driving structure is used to drive the torque transmission gear shaft to move axially along the output shaft.

2. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque transmission gear shaft has a first working position, a second working position and a third working position along the axial direction of the output shaft, wherein when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the first working position, the first combining portion cooperates with the first biting portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the second working position, the second combining portion cooperates with the second biting portion; when the torque transmission gear shaft is in the third working position, the first combining portion and the first biting portion are staggered, and the second combining portion and the second biting portion are staggered.

3. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a gear shaft sleeve, which is sleeved on the output shaft and fixedly connected to the output shaft, wherein the gear shaft sleeve is located between the first gear and the second gear, and the outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve is provided with at least one slide groove extending along the axial direction of the output shaft, and the torque transmission gear shaft has a mating portion that is slidably connected to the slide groove.

4. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first combining portion and the second combining portion are in the form of a tooth row structure spaced apart along the axial direction of the torque transmission gear shaft.

5. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a push ring assembly and an electromagnetic coil assembly, the push ring assembly includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the torque transmission gear shaft, and the outer ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner ring, wherein the inner ring is made of magnetic isolation material, and the outer ring is made of magnetic conductive material, and the electromagnetic coil assembly is used to drive the outer ring to move axially along the output shaft.

6. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a distance ring, a spring and a ball plunger. The end of the gear sleeve close to the second gear has a limiting portion. The spring is sleeved on the gear sleeve. One end of the spring abuts against the limiting portion. The other end of the spring is connected to the distance ring. The distance ring is fixedly connected to the torque transmission gear shaft. The ball plunger is installed on the distance ring. The outer wall of the gear sleeve is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to cooperate with the ball plunger.

7. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stepped groove is provided on one side of the torque transmission gear shaft close to the gear shaft sleeve, and an activity space is enclosed by the outer wall of the gear shaft sleeve and the stepped groove, and the spring is arranged in the activity space.

8. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil assembly comprises a shell, a coil and a cover plate. The shell has a groove with an opening at one end. The coil is arranged in the groove. The cover plate is installed at the opening of the shell.

9. The sleeve type electromagnetic clutch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The relative position of the torque transmission gear shaft and the output shaft is changed by changing the current of the coil.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a sleeve type electromagnetic clutch as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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