A device and method for detecting tempering of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on infrared online measurement's gas turbine backfire detection device and method, it is related to infrared measurement technical field.The problem of backfire caused by unstable combustion of gas turbine and the problem that high-temperature gas and flame in gas turbine can produce strong radiation, which significantly interferes with infrared temperature measurement results of hot end walls such as nozzles.The device comprises a cooling jacket, an infrared lens, a first cable, a processing circuit, a second cable, and a host computer;the cooling jacket is disposed outside the infrared lens, the processing circuit is connected to the infrared lens by the first cable, and the host computer is connected to the processing circuit by the second cable;the cooling jacket is provided with cooling working medium inlet channels and cooling working medium outlet channels on both sides.The application is applied to the field of gas turbine backfire detection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of infrared measurement technology, and in particular to a gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] The components such as combustor nozzles of gas turbines operating in high-temperature and high-pressure extreme environments often suffer damage caused by backfire. Backfire is caused by the local turbulent flame speed being greater than the reactant flow speed, and is a harmful phenomenon in which the flame front propagates from the combustion zone to the upstream of the premixing section of the combustor. The traditional contact temperature sensor measurement scheme is difficult to meet the high-precision and real-time monitoring measurement requirements of the hot end components of the gas turbine due to the influence of the high-temperature and high-pressure harsh environment inside the gas turbine. The infrared non-contact temperature measurement technology is an effective solution that can solve the durability problem of wall contact sensors, but also faces many challenges in complex working environments.

[0003] The high-temperature gas and flame inside the gas turbine will produce strong radiation, which will significantly interfere with the infrared temperature measurement results of the hot end wall such as the nozzle. At the same time, the high-temperature environment may cause the electronic elements of the infrared temperature measurement device to overheat, affecting the measurement accuracy, and even causing the equipment to fail. In addition, the flame inside the gas turbine changes dramatically, and the backfire phenomenon occurs for a short time. The infrared temperature measurement device not only needs to monitor the real-time temperature of the hot end wall, but also needs to monitor the real-time temperature change rate to discover potential faults in time and reduce the loss caused by system instability.

[0004] Therefore, it has become a technical problem to be solved in the field to design an infrared online backfire detection device with strong anti-interference ability and capable of accurately measuring temperature and temperature change rate at the same time. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application proposes a gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement to solve the problems of backfire caused by unstable combustion of the gas turbine and strong radiation of the high-temperature gas and flame inside the gas turbine, which significantly interferes with the infrared temperature measurement results of the hot end wall such as the nozzle. The device scheme is as follows:

[0006] A gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement, the device comprises:

[0007] a cooling jacket, an infrared lens, a first cable, a processing circuit, a second cable, and an upper computer;

[0008] The cooling jacket is arranged outside the infrared lens, the processing circuit is connected with the infrared lens through the first cable, and the upper computer is connected with the processing circuit through the second cable; the cooling jacket is provided with cooling working medium inlet channels and cooling working medium outlet channels on both sides.

[0009] Further, the infrared lens comprises a crescent lens, a lens barrel, an aperture diaphragm, a thermoelectric probe fixing frame, a thermistor, a thermoelectric probe shell, a 3.9um infrared filter and a thermoelectric chip.

[0010] The crescent lens, the aperture diaphragm and the thermoelectric probe fixing frame are sequentially fixed on the lens barrel.

[0011] The thermoelectric probe shell covers the 3.9um infrared filter refractive part and is fixed on the thermoelectric probe fixing frame, and the thermistor is arranged inside the thermoelectric probe shell.

[0012] The wall surface signal to be measured transmits through the crescent lens in the first light path range, then is incident into the 3.9um infrared filter through the aperture diaphragm, and is focused on the thermoelectric chip through the 3.9um infrared filter.

[0013] Further, the processing circuit comprises a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit, the detection circuit is used for detecting the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal of the thermistor, and signal amplification is performed through the same direction proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier and a resistor and a capacitor, and the microprocessor circuit part is used for digital conversion, data processing and data transmission of the voltage signal of the detection part.

[0014] Further, the detection circuit comprises a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0015] The infrared lens enters the positive input end Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input end Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through a connecting cable respectively, one end of the first capacitor C1 connected with the first operational amplifier Vin1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 connected with the ground GND, the negative input end of the first operational amplifier A1 connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 respectively, the other end of the second resistor R2 connected with the ground GND, the output end of the first operational amplifier A1 connected with the other end of the third resistor R3, the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-digital converter ADC respectively, and the first operational amplifier A1 connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0016] The positive input end Vin2 is connected with the first resistor R1 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and the other end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 is connected with the ground GND; the negative input end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4 respectively, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the ground GND; the output end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-digital converter ADC respectively; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0017] Further, a preferred mode is also proposed, the microprocessor circuit comprises: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected with the analog-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected with the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected with the level conversion module D1 through the connection lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected with the upper computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0018] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected with one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and connected with one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the 2 port of the header H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the 5 port of the header H1; the 1 port and the 4 port of the header H1 are connected with the power supply VDD, and the 3 port and the 6 port of the header H1 are connected with the ground GND;

[0019] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected with the 2 port of the header H2 through the connection line SWDIO, and connected with the 3 port of the header H2 through the connection line SWCLK; the 1 port of the header H2 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the 4 port of the header H1 is connected with the ground GND.

[0020] Further, a preferred mode is also proposed, the upper computer is embedded with a tempering detection filtering processing algorithm, which is used for tempering judgment, comprising:

[0021] Receiving the temperature signal from the sensor, and performing Kalman filtering;

[0022] According to the temperature signal, judging whether it is in the firing state or not;

[0023] If it is not in the firing state, no tempering judgment is performed, and Savitzky-Golay filtering processing is executed;

[0024] Calculating the current temperature change rate, and judging the maximum temperature change rate according to the current temperature change rate; updating the maximum temperature change rate; the maximum temperature change rate remains the previous one;

[0025] The threshold is determined according to actual conditions and historical data; the tempering is judged by using the criterion one and the criterion two;

[0026] The tempering occurs, and the machine is stopped.

[0027] Further, a preferred mode is further provided, the criterion one is 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate; the criterion two is the ratio of the current temperature change rate and the historical maximum temperature change rate.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides a gas turbine tempering detection method based on infrared online measurement, the method is realized based on the detection device of any one of the above, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0029] The to-be-measured wall surface radiation signal penetrates flame and high-temperature gas radiation interference through the first light path, is converted into an electric signal after being received by the infrared lens, enters the processing circuit for signal amplification processing through the first cable, and then enters the upper computer for tempering filtering detection algorithm processing through the second cable.

[0030] Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, and the memory stores a computer program; when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the tempering detection filtering processing algorithm in the gas turbine tempering detection method based on infrared online measurement.

[0031] Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program; when the computer program is run by a processor, the steps of the tempering detection filtering processing algorithm in the gas turbine tempering detection method based on infrared online measurement are executed.

[0032] The application has the following advantages:

[0033] The gas turbine tempering detection device based on infrared online measurement provided by the application avoids the radiation interference of gas and flame in the gas turbine by using the 3.9 um waveband for infrared temperature measurement, effectively avoids the overheating problem of the infrared temperature measurement device caused by the high-temperature environment by arranging a cooling jacket outside the infrared lens and cooling by a cooling working medium, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment, reduces the influence of the high-temperature environment on the electronic components by adopting the separated design of the infrared probe and the processing circuit, realizes the accurate measurement of temperature and temperature change rate by combining the Kalman filtering and the Savitzky-Golay filtering method, and detects the tempering phenomenon of the gas turbine by using the temperature change rate.

[0034] The application is applied to the field of gas turbine backfire detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement according to the first embodiment, wherein 101 represents a wall surface to be measured, 102 represents high-temperature combustion gas, 103 represents a first light path, 104 represents a cooling working medium inlet channel, 105 represents a cooling working medium outlet channel, 106 represents a cooling jacket, 107 represents an infrared lens, 108 represents a first cable, and 109 represents a processing circuit; 110 represents a second cable, and 111 represents a host computer.

[0036] Figure 2 A structure diagram of an infrared lens according to the second embodiment, wherein 201 represents a wall surface to be measured signal, 202 represents a second light path, 203 represents a third light path, 204 represents a meniscus lens, 205 represents a lens barrel, 206 represents an aperture stop, 207 represents a thermoelectric probe fixing frame, 208 represents a thermistor, 209 represents a thermoelectric probe shell, 210 represents a 3.9um infrared filter, and 211 represents a thermoelectric chip.

[0037] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a processing circuit according to the third embodiment.

[0038] Figure 4 A backfire detection filtering processing algorithm flowchart according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0039] Figure 5 A light path structure light path diagram according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 A light path structure out-of-focus MTF result diagram according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0041] Figure 7 A light path structure point column diagram according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0042] Figure 8 A certain measurement result diagram of an infrared temperature measurement device according to the eleventh embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Embodiment one, refer to Figure 1The embodiment is illustrated. The infrared online measurement based gas turbine tempering detection device disclosed in the embodiment comprises:

[0045] The cooling jacket 106, the infrared lens 107, the first cable 108, the processing circuit 109, the second cable 110 and the host computer 111;

[0046] The cooling jacket 106 is arranged outside the infrared lens 107, the processing circuit 109 is connected with the infrared lens 107 through the first cable 108, and the host computer 111 is connected with the processing circuit 109 through the second cable 110; the cooling jacket 106 is provided with the cooling working medium inlet channel 104 and the cooling working medium outlet channel 105 on both sides.

[0047] The infrared online measurement based gas turbine tempering detection device disclosed in the embodiment avoids the radiation interference of gas and flame in the gas turbine by adopting 3.9um waveband for infrared temperature measurement, effectively avoids the overheating problem of the infrared temperature measurement device caused by the high-temperature environment by arranging the cooling jacket outside the infrared lens and cooling through the cooling working medium, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment; the influence of the high-temperature environment on the electronic components is reduced by adopting the separated design of the infrared probe and the processing circuit; the accurate measurement of temperature and temperature change rate is realized by combining the Kalman filtering and Savitzky-Golay filtering methods, and the temperature change rate is used to detect the tempering phenomenon of the gas turbine.

[0048] Embodiment two, see Figure 2 The embodiment is illustrated. The infrared online measurement based gas turbine tempering detection device disclosed in the embodiment is a further limitation of the infrared online measurement based gas turbine tempering detection device disclosed in the embodiment one, and the infrared lens 107 comprises: a meniscus lens 204, a lens barrel 205, an aperture stop 206, a thermoelectric probe fixing frame 207, a thermistor 208, a thermoelectric probe shell 209, a 3.9um infrared filter 210 and a thermoelectric chip 211.

[0049] The meniscus lens 204, the aperture stop 206 and the thermoelectric probe fixing frame 207 are sequentially fixed on the lens barrel 205.

[0050] The thermoelectric probe shell 209 covers the refractive part of the 3.9um infrared filter 210 and is fixed on the thermoelectric probe fixing frame 207, and the thermistor 208 is arranged inside the thermoelectric probe shell 209.

[0051] The wall surface signal 201 to be measured transmits through the meniscus lens 204 when propagating in the range of the first light path 203, then enters the 3.9um infrared filter 210 through the aperture stop 206, and focuses the signal on the thermoelectric chip 211 through the 3.9um infrared filter 210.

[0052] The meniscus lens in this embodiment focuses the infrared signals reflected from the wall surface to be measured (i.e. the hot end wall surface in the gas turbine), ensuring that the infrared light can accurately enter the infrared filter through the aperture stop. The aperture stop in this embodiment limits the size of the light beam passing through, controls the range of incidence of the light beam, and ensures that the infrared signal ultimately detected is the temperature information of the target area. This design ensures that only effective infrared signals are transmitted to the subsequent infrared filter and detector, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement. The 3.9 μm infrared filter is used to effectively isolate unnecessary background radiation, allowing only infrared light within the target wavelength range to pass through, ensuring measurement accuracy and reducing environmental noise interference. For the high-temperature environment inside the gas turbine, the absorption and emission characteristics of infrared light at a wavelength of 3.9 μm under high-temperature substances (such as flames and gases) are more in line with the requirements of the backfire detection.

[0053] The thermocouple probe fixing frame in this embodiment is used to fix the thermocouple probe, ensuring its position stability during operation and reducing errors caused by vibration and mechanical changes. The thermocouple probe shell serves as protection and packaging, while improving the tolerance of the detector to high-temperature environments and ensuring the stability of the probe under high-temperature conditions. The thermocouple chip is used to convert infrared radiation into a thermoelectric signal and accurately measure it. When the infrared signal penetrates and passes through the 3.9 μm infrared filter, the focal point will accurately fall on the thermocouple chip, generating a thermoelectric effect and converting it into a readable electrical signal.

[0054] The infrared lens designed in this embodiment is very compact and efficient throughout the entire infrared measurement path from the meniscus lens to the thermocouple chip, ensuring that signal transmission is not affected by irrelevant factors. In addition, the precise matching of optical elements greatly enhances the stability of the optical path and the clarity of the signal. Each component (such as the thermocouple probe shell and the lens barrel) is designed to withstand high-temperature environments, ensuring that the device can work stably in the high-temperature and strongly radiating working environment of the gas turbine. At the same time, the infrared filter can filter out excess infrared radiation, reducing external environmental interference and ensuring high reliability of the measurement results.

[0055] Embodiment Three, see Figure 3 This embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement described in Embodiment One. The processing circuit 109 includes a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit. The detection circuit is used to detect the weak voltage signal from the infrared probe and the signal of the thermistor, and performs signal amplification through a same-direction proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier and a resistor and a capacitor. The microprocessor circuit part is used for digital conversion, data processing, and data transmission of the voltage signal of the detection part.

[0056] The detection circuit in this embodiment is composed of an operational amplifier and a same-direction proportional amplifier with resistors and capacitors. It can effectively amplify weak voltage signals, so that these signals can be further processed and analyzed, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the signals. The microprocessor circuit digitizes the detected voltage signals, which can convert analog signals into digital signals for accurate data analysis. The digitized signals can eliminate noise and distortion caused by analog signals. The microprocessor is responsible for processing the collected data and can effectively transmit the processed data, which is helpful for remote monitoring, real-time analysis and fault warning.

[0057] Embodiment four, this embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine tempering detection device based on infrared online measurement in embodiment three, the detection circuit includes a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4.

[0058] The infrared lens 107 enters the positive input end Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input end Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through the connecting cable 108 respectively; one end of the first capacitor C1 connected with the first operational amplifier Vin1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 connected with the ground GND; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 respectively, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the ground GND; the output end of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with the other end of the third resistor R3, the second capacitor C2 and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC respectively; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0059] The positive input end Vin2 is connected with one end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3, and the other end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 is connected with the ground GND; the negative input end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth capacitor C4 respectively, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the ground GND; the output end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4 and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC respectively; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0060] In this embodiment, two operational amplifiers (A1 and A2) are used in the design to amplify and process the signals, which can effectively amplify the weak signals collected from the infrared lens and improve the detection accuracy. The operational amplifier provides high input impedance, which can receive signals from the infrared lens without significantly affecting the signal source, and its low distortion characteristics can ensure that the signal will not deviate greatly during amplification. By reasonably selecting the parameters of resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) and capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4) in the circuit, a multi-stage filter is formed to effectively remove unnecessary noise components.

[0061] The analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the ADC, so that the signal can be further analyzed and processed by the digital signal processor. Further, since the analog signal has been amplified and filtered, the signal quality has been improved, and the accuracy and sampling rate of the ADC can be fully utilized, thereby improving the accuracy of the temper detection.

[0062] At the same time, the hierarchical filter composed of multiple resistors and capacitors can effectively avoid single-point failure and ensure the stability and reliability of the detection circuit during long-term operation. The detection device can collect and process infrared image information in real time, amplify the signal through the operational amplifier, filter the signal, and finally digitize the signal through the ADC to form real-time temper detection data.

[0063] Embodiment five, this embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine temper detection device based on infrared online measurement according to embodiment three, the microprocessor circuit comprises: a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected with the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected with the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected with the level conversion module D1 through the connection lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected with the upper computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0064] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected with one end of the resistor R7 through the connection line BOOT0, and with one end of the resistor R8 through the connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the 2 port of the header H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the 5 port of the header H1; the 1 port and the 4 port of the header H1 are connected with the power supply VDD, and the 3 port and the 6 port of the header H1 are connected with the ground GND;

[0065] The microprocessor module S1 is also connected with the 2 port of the header H2 through the connection line SWDIO, and with the 3 port of the header H2 through the connection line SWCLK; the 1 port of the header H2 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the 4 port of the header H1 is connected with the ground GND.

[0066] In this embodiment, the infrared measurement signal is converted by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to accurately collect the tempering state of the gas turbine. The use of ADC can convert analog signals into digital signals for further processing by the microprocessor, ensuring high-precision detection results. The T1 processor and T2 processor in the microprocessor module S1 work cooperatively and can perform multi-task parallel processing, improving the processing capacity of the system. The T2 processor receives the converted signal from the ADC and transmits it to the serial port T3 for further data transmission, increasing the processing efficiency. The microprocessor is connected to external devices (such as the level conversion module D1) through the serial port (T3), supporting fast data transmission. This allows the detection device to easily exchange data with the host computer, enabling remote monitoring and real-time feedback. The BOOT0 and BOOT1 pins are connected to resistors to control the boot mode of the microprocessor module. By configuring appropriate resistors, the startup behavior of the microprocessor can be adjusted, providing flexible debugging and configuration options in different application scenarios.

[0067] Embodiment six, this embodiment is a further limitation of the gas turbine tempering detection device based on infrared online measurement according to embodiment one, the host computer embeds a tempering detection filtering algorithm for tempering judgment, including:

[0068] Receive temperature signals from the sensor and perform Kalman filtering;

[0069] Determine whether it is in the firing state according to the temperature signal;

[0070] If it is not in the firing state, do not perform tempering judgment; and perform Savitzky-Golay filtering processing;

[0071] Calculate the current temperature change rate; and determine the maximum temperature change rate according to the current temperature change rate; update the maximum temperature change rate; the maximum temperature change rate remains the same as before;

[0072] Determine the threshold according to the actual situation and historical data; use criterion one and criterion two to determine tempering;

[0073] Tempering occurs, stop the machine.

[0074] In this embodiment, Kalman filtering can be used to extract more accurate and reliable temperature estimates from the raw temperature data. This high-precision temperature signal is crucial for determining the firing state of the gas turbine and subsequent backfire judgment, and can avoid false judgments caused by noise interference. The combined use of Kalman filtering and Savitzky-Golay filtering can not only ensure the accuracy of the temperature signal (through Kalman filtering), but also smooth the high-frequency noise in the signal (through Savitzky-Golay filtering). This multi-level signal processing method enhances the robustness of the system in complex working environments and further improves the accuracy of backfire detection. By calculating the current temperature change rate and comparing it with historical data, the system can respond more quickly to temperature trends and detect abnormal temperature changes in a timely manner. If the current temperature change rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, the system can quickly determine whether backfire has occurred. The threshold is not only dependent on a fixed standard, but is also dynamically adjusted in combination with actual conditions and historical data. This threshold setting based on historical data and real-time temperature changes allows the system to adapt to gas turbines under different working conditions and avoid false positives due to changes in working conditions.

[0075] By combining criterion one and criterion two, historical data and real-time data are analyzed comprehensively. This ensures that backfire judgment is not based on a single temperature change rate or temperature data, but rather on a combination of multiple information to determine whether backfire has occurred, thereby reducing the probability of false positives or false negatives.

[0076] Once the system determines that backfire has occurred, it immediately triggers a shutdown protection mechanism, which can effectively prevent further damage to the gas turbine caused by backfire and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. By combining temperature change rate and other criteria, problems can be detected at the early stage of backfire, allowing for early intervention and avoiding serious damage.

[0077] In this embodiment, Kalman filtering can be used to extract more accurate and reliable temperature estimates from the raw temperature data. This high-precision temperature signal is crucial for determining the firing state of the gas turbine and subsequent backfire judgment, and can avoid false judgments caused by noise interference. The combined use of Kalman filtering and Savitzky-Golay filtering can not only ensure the accuracy of the temperature signal (through Kalman filtering), but also smooth the high-frequency noise in the signal (through Savitzky-Golay filtering). This multi-level signal processing method enhances the robustness of the system in complex working environments and further improves the accuracy of backfire detection. By calculating the current temperature change rate and comparing it with historical data, the system can respond more quickly to temperature trends and detect abnormal temperature changes in a timely manner. If the current temperature change rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, the system can quickly determine whether backfire has occurred. The threshold is not only dependent on a fixed standard, but is also dynamically adjusted in combination with actual conditions and historical data. This threshold setting based on historical data and real-time temperature changes allows the system to adapt to gas turbines under different working conditions and avoid false positives due to changes in working conditions.

[0078] This embodiment is described in conjunction with Embodiment Six. In this embodiment, the two criteria are used to determine whether the equipment has backfired based on the temperature change rate. Although noise is suppressed after filtering, the rapid temperature change caused by backfire will also be attenuated after filtering. By setting different filtering parameters, the relationship between the final temperature change rate and the temperature change rate is obtained, and linear fitting is performed using least squares. To leave a certain margin, criterion 1 is set to 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate, and criterion 2 is obtained based on the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate. This criterion is mainly used to avoid the influence of noise.

[0079] Embodiment eight, the method for detecting backfire of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement, the method is realized based on the detection device of any one of embodiments one to seven, the method comprises:

[0080] The radiation signal of the wall surface 101 to be measured penetrates the flame and the high-temperature gas 102 radiation interference through the first light path 103, is converted into an electric signal after being received by the infrared lens 107, enters the processing circuit 109 for signal amplification processing through the first cable 108, and then enters the host computer 111 for backfire filtering detection algorithm processing through the second cable 110.

[0081] Embodiment nine, the computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the backfire detection filtering processing algorithm in the method for detecting backfire of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement according to embodiment eight.

[0082] Embodiment ten, the computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program is run by the processor, and the steps of the backfire detection filtering processing algorithm in the method for detecting backfire of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement according to embodiment eight are executed.

[0083] Embodiment eleven, see Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment is described. This embodiment provides a specific embodiment for the detection device for detecting backfire of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement according to embodiment one, and is also used for explaining embodiments two to seven, specifically:

[0084] The detection device for detecting backfire of a gas turbine based on infrared online measurement comprises a cooling jacket 106, an external lens 107, a connecting cable 108, a processing circuit 109, a connecting cable 110 and a host computer 111 embedded with a backfire detection filtering processing algorithm.

[0085] The radiation signal of the wall surface 101 to be measured penetrates the flame and the high-temperature gas 102 radiation interference through the first light path 103, is converted into an electric signal after being received by the infrared lens 107, enters the processing circuit 109 for signal amplification processing through the first cable 108, and then enters the host computer 111 for backfire detection algorithm processing through the second cable 110.

[0086] The cooling jacket 106 wraps the infrared lens 107 to provide a suitable working environment for the infrared lens, and the cooling jacket 106 is connected with the cooling working medium inlet channel 104 and the cooling working medium outlet channel 105;

[0087] The infrared lens 107 comprises a meniscus lens 204, a lens barrel 205, an aperture stop 206, a thermocouple probe fixing frame 207, a thermistor 208, a thermocouple probe shell 209, a 3.9 um infrared filter 210, and a thermocouple chip 211.

[0088] The infrared filter 210 is a 3.9 um narrowband filter, which is used to avoid the infrared radiation interference of the gas and flame in the gas turbine; the aperture stop 206 is used to improve the ratio of the measurement distance to the target diameter by blocking the infrared radiation outside the target spot.

[0089] The transmission range of the meniscus lens 204 of the infrared lens 107 for the wall surface signal 201 to be measured includes two cases of the range of the third light path 203 and the range between the second light path 202 and the third light path 203; when the wall surface signal 201 to be measured propagates in the range of the light path 203, it first passes through the meniscus lens 204, then passes through the aperture stop 206, and then passes through the 3.9 um infrared filter 210, and finally focuses on the thermocouple chip 211; when the wall surface signal 201 to be measured propagates in the range between the light path 202 and the light path 203, it first passes through the meniscus lens 204, and then is blocked by the aperture stop 206.

[0090] Figure 5 The light path diagram of the optical path design of the infrared lens is shown in the figure, wherein the example diameter of the meniscus lens is 10 mm, the focal length is 22.5 mm, the center thickness is 1.1 mm, the curvature radius of the front convex surface is 32.2 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear convex surface is 12.8 mm; the example diameter of the central aperture of the aperture stop is 2 mm, the ratio of the measurement distance to the target diameter is 75:1, and the field of view angle is 0.76394°. Figure 6 The off-focus MTF data diagram of the optical path structure shows that the curves of the optical path structure in the important field of view are relatively concentrated. Figure 7 The point spread function diagram of the optical path structure shows that the point spread function of the optical path structure in the center position is relatively concentrated, and the edge dispersion degree is relatively uniform; the optical lens optical path transmission effect of the design is good.

[0091] The detection circuit part is used for detecting weak voltage signal from infrared probe and signal of thermistor, and signal amplification is carried out through the same direction proportional amplifier composed of operational amplifier and resistance and capacitance, wherein Vin1 is connected with weak voltage signal, and the example of amplification multiple is 30, Vin2 is connected with signal of thermistor, and the example of amplification multiple is 5; in order to weaken noise interference of the circuit part, low-noise chopping type operational amplifier is adopted; the example parameters of resistance and capacitance of the detection part are as follows: R1, 10KΩ; R2, 2KΩ; R3, 58KΩ; R5, 2KΩ; R4, 8KΩ; C1, 1nF; C2, 10nF; C3, 1nF; C4, 10nF;

[0092] The detection circuit comprises a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistance R1, a second resistance R2, a third resistance R3, a fourth resistance R4, a fifth resistance R5, a first capacitance C1, a second capacitance C2, a third capacitance C3 and a fourth capacitance C4.

[0093] The infrared lens 107 enters the positive input end Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input end Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through the connecting cable 108 respectively; one end of the first capacitance C1 connected with the first operational amplifier Vin1, the other end of the first capacitance C1 is connected with the ground GND; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with one end of the second resistance R2, the third resistance R3 and the second capacitance C2 respectively, the other end of the second resistance R2 is connected with the ground GND; the output end of the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with the other end of the third resistance R3, the second capacitance C2 and one end of the analog-digital converter ADC respectively; the first operational amplifier A1 is connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0094] The positive input end Vin2 is connected with one end of the first resistance R1 and the third capacitance C3, the other end of the first resistance R1 and the third capacitance C3 is connected with the ground GND; the negative input end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistance R4, the fifth resistance R5 and the fourth capacitance C4 respectively, the other end of the fifth resistance R5 is connected with the ground GND; the output end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the other end of the fourth resistance R4, the fourth capacitance C4 and the other end of the analog-digital converter ADC respectively; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected with the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

[0095] The microprocessor circuit part is used for digital conversion, data processing and data transmission of the voltage signal of the detection part; the ADC module T1 is used for digital conversion of the voltage signal of the detection part; the serial port T3 and the level conversion module D1 are used for data transmission; the processor T1 is used for controlling ADC sampling and serial port transmission, and performing preliminary mean filtering processing on the digital data.

[0096] Specifically, the microprocessor circuit comprises a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a processor T1, a processor T2 and a serial port T3; one end of the processor T2 is connected with the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected with the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected with the level conversion module D1 through a connection line RX and a connection line TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected with the upper computer through Out+ and Out-;

[0097] The microprocessor module S1 is further connected with one end of a resistor R7 through a connection line BOOT0, and connected with one end of a resistor R8 through a connection line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with a 2 port of a header H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a 5 port of the header H1; a 1 port and a 4 port of the header H1 are connected with a power supply VDD, and a 3 port and a 6 port of the header H1 are connected with a ground GND;

[0098] The microprocessor module S1 is further connected with a 2 port of a header H2 through a connection line SWDIO, and connected with a 3 port of the header H2 through a connection line SWCLK; a 1 port of the header H2 is connected with the power supply VDD, and a 4 port of the header H1 is connected with the ground GND.

[0099] The host computer 111 embeds a backfire detection filtering processing algorithm, which receives the temperature signal from the sensor output by the connecting cable 110, and performs Kalman filtering, and outputs to S02, S02 judges whether it is in the firing state according to the temperature signal, and judges whether to enter S03, and does not perform backfire judgment; if yes, enter S06, and perform Savitzky-Golay filtering processing; the order and window size of Savitzky-Golay filtering processing come from S04; after S06, S07 is performed, and the current temperature change rate is calculated; after S07, S08 is performed, and the maximum temperature change rate is judged, if yes, S09 is performed, and the maximum temperature change rate is updated, if no, S10 is performed, and the maximum temperature change rate remains the previous one; the outputs of S10 and S09 are all input to step S11, and criterion 2 calculation is performed; after S07, S12 is performed, and criterion 1 calculation is performed; the outputs of S11 and S12 are all input to step S13, and backfire judgment is performed using criterion 1 and criterion 2, if yes, S14 is entered, backfire occurs, and the machine is stopped, if no, the step S01 is returned;

[0100] The two criteria in the backfire detection filtering processing algorithm flow are used to judge whether the equipment backfires according to the temperature change rate, after filtering, although the noise is suppressed, but the rapid temperature change caused by backfire will also be attenuated after filtering, by setting different filtering parameters to obtain the relationship between them and the final temperature change rate, linear fitting is performed using least square, criterion 1 is taken as 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate, and criterion 2 is obtained according to the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate, the criterion is mainly used to avoid the influence of noise.

[0101] According to a group of actual measurement results of the infrared online measurement based gas turbine backfire detection device provided by the application, as shown in the drawings, the measured signal is processed by the algorithm shown in the drawings to obtain the temperature, temperature change rate and backfire occurrence point. Figure 8 Figure 4 It should be noted that the two backfire occurrence points in the drawings are marked on the temperature and temperature change rate curves respectively, and point to the same time. Figure 8

[0102] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be provided as a method, a system or a computer program product. Therefore, the present disclosure can adopt a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present disclosure can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory and the like, which contains computer usable program code.

[0103] ​​The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks

[0104] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart or multiple flows and / or blocks

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure, and although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading the present disclosure, they can make various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements are within the scope of protection of the disclosed patent application.

Claims

1. An infrared online measurement based gas turbine retro- fire detection apparatus, characterized in that, The device comprises: a cooling jacket (106), an infrared lens (107), a first cable (108), a processing circuit (109), a second cable (110), and a host computer (111); the cooling jacket (106) is arranged outside the infrared lens (107), the processing circuit (109) is connected with the infrared lens (107) through the first cable (108), and the host computer (111) is connected with the processing circuit (109) through the second cable (110); cooling working medium inlet channels (104) and cooling working medium outlet channels (105) are arranged on both sides of the cooling jacket (106); the host computer is embedded with a tempering detection filtering processing algorithm for tempering judgment, comprising: receiving a temperature signal from a sensor and performing Kalman filtering; judging whether it is in a firing state according to the temperature signal; if it is not in the firing state, no tempering judgment is performed; if it is in the firing state, the order and window size of Savitzky-Golay filtering are given, Savitzky-Golay filtering processing is performed, the current temperature change rate is calculated, the maximum temperature change rate is judged according to the current temperature change rate, and the maximum temperature change rate is updated; determine the threshold according to the actual situation and historical data; judge criterion one and criterion two at the same time; tempering occurs, stop; the criterion one is 2 / 3 of the maximum temperature change rate, and the criterion two is the ratio of the current temperature change rate to the historical maximum temperature change rate.

2. A gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared lens (107) comprises: a meniscus lens (204), a lens barrel (205), an aperture stop (206), a thermocouple probe fixing frame (207), a thermistor (208), a thermocouple probe shell (209), a 3.9um infrared filter (210), and a thermocouple chip (211); the meniscus lens (204), the aperture stop (206), and the thermocouple probe fixing frame (207) are fixed in sequence on the lens barrel (205); the thermocouple probe shell (209) covers the refractive part of the 3.9um infrared filter (210) and is fixed on the thermocouple probe fixing frame (207), and the thermistor (208) is arranged in the thermocouple probe shell (209); the to-be-measured wall surface signal (201) transmits through the meniscus lens (204) in the range of the third light path (203), then passes through the aperture stop (206) and enters the 3.9um infrared filter (210), and the 3.9um infrared filter (210) focuses the signal on the thermocouple chip (211).

3. A gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing circuit (109) comprises: a detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit; the detection circuit is used for detecting a weak voltage signal from an infrared probe and a signal of a thermistor, and performing signal amplification through a same-direction proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier, a resistor, and a capacitor; and the microprocessor circuit part is used for digitizing conversion, data processing, and data transmission of the voltage signal of the detection part.

4. A gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection circuit comprises a first operational amplifier A1, a second operational amplifier A2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4. The infrared lens (107) enters the positive input end Vin1 of the first operational amplifier A1 and the positive input end Vin2 of the second operational amplifier A2 through the connecting cable (108) respectively; one end of the first capacitor C1 connected to the first operational amplifier Vin1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 connected to the ground GND; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier A1 connected to one end of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the second capacitor C2 respectively, the other end of the second resistor R2 connected to the ground GND; the output end of the first operational amplifier A1 connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, the second capacitor C2, and one end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC respectively; the first operational amplifier A1 connected to the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND; The positive input end Vin2 is connected to the first resistor R1 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and the other end of the first resistor R1 and the third capacitor C3 is connected to the ground GND; the negative input end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, and the fourth capacitor C4 respectively, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the ground GND; the output end of the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4, the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC respectively; the second operational amplifier A2 is connected to the power supply end VDD and the ground end GND.

5. A gas turbine backfire detection device based on infrared online measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microprocessor circuit comprises a microprocessor module S1 and a level conversion module D1; the microprocessor module S1 comprises an analog-to-digital converter ADC, a T1 processor, a T2 processor, and a serial port T3; one end of the T2 processor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the other end is connected to the serial port T3; the serial port T3 is connected to the level conversion module D1 through the connecting lines RX and TX, and the level conversion module D1 is connected to the upper computer through Out+ and Out-; The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7 through the connecting line BOOT0, and connected to one end of the resistor R8 through the connecting line BOOT1; the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the 2 port of the header H1, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the 5 port of the header H1; the 1 port and the 4 port of the header H1 are connected to the power supply VDD, and the 3 port and the 6 port of the header H1 are connected to the ground GND; The microprocessor module S1 is also connected to the 2 port of the header H2 through the connecting line SWDIO, and connected to the 3 port of the header H2 through the connecting line SWCLK; the 1 port of the header H2 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the 4 port of the header H1 is connected to the ground GND.

6. A method for the detection of gas turbine backfire based on infrared online measurements, characterized in that The method is realized based on the detection device of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method comprises: The radiation signal of the wall surface (101) to be measured penetrates the flame and high-temperature gas (102) radiation interference through the first light path (103), is converted into an electric signal after being received by the infrared lens (107), enters the processing circuit (109) for signal amplification processing through the first cable (108), and then enters the host computer (111) for backfire filtering detection algorithm processing through the second cable (110).

7. A computer device, characterized by: The memory and the processor are included, and the memory stores a computer program; when the processor runs the computer program stored in the memory, the processor executes the backfire detection filtering processing algorithm in the gas turbine backfire detection method based on infrared online measurement according to claim 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is run by the processor to execute the steps of the backfire detection filtering processing algorithm in the gas turbine backfire detection method based on infrared online measurement according to any one of claims 6.

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