Multipurpose thermodynamic property demonstration method and body measuring instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermodynamic property testing, and particularly discloses a multipurpose thermodynamic property demonstration method and a body measuring instrument, the body measuring instrument comprises a steel shell and a heat insulation cavity sealing cover, the outer wall of the steel shell is provided with a parameter display screen and an input panel, and the steel shell is internally provided with a storage cavity; the portion, located on the outer wall of the containing cavity, of the interior of the steel shell is filled with a heat insulation filling material. The instrument designed by the invention adopts the principle of the Boyle's law, so that the defects of a method for measuring the volume of an object by a drainage method can be overcome, the volume of the object can be quickly and conveniently measured without using water, and the problem that the volume of an object which is difficult to be soaked in water cannot be measured by the drainage method is solved; therefore, the instrument can also be used as a demonstration instrument for verifying the correctness of the Boyle's law and exploring the relationship between the temperature, the pressure and the volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of thermodynamic property testing, and in particular relates to a multi-purpose thermodynamic property demonstration method and a measuring instrument. Background Art

[0002] Thermodynamic property demonstration plays an important role in education and scientific research, which is manifested in the following aspects:

[0003] Thermodynamic property demonstrations can help students and teachers understand the abstract concepts and theories in thermodynamics more intuitively. For example, by observing the changes in pressure, volume and temperature of gases under different conditions through actual experiments, students can have a deeper understanding of thermodynamic principles such as the ideal gas state equation. The demonstration process can consolidate the thermodynamic knowledge students have learned in class and deepen their understanding and memory of thermodynamic properties. By personally participating in experiments, students can better master the basic concepts and laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic property demonstrations can also cultivate students' experimental operation, observation and analysis abilities. During the experiment, students need to operate experimental equipment, observe experimental phenomena and analyze experimental results, all of which help to improve their comprehensive quality and scientific research capabilities.

[0004] Demonstration of thermodynamic properties is often used in scientific research to verify the correctness and reliability of thermodynamic theory. By comparing actual experimental data with theoretical prediction data, the accuracy and scope of application of thermodynamic theory can be evaluated. The demonstration process is also a process of exploring new knowledge. In the experiment, researchers may discover some new phenomena or laws. These discoveries will help promote the development and improvement of thermodynamic theory. Demonstration of thermodynamic properties can also provide optimization solutions for the field of engineering technology. For example, in the fields of energy conversion, refrigeration technology, chemical processes, etc., demonstration of thermodynamic properties can optimize equipment design, improve energy utilization efficiency, and reduce energy consumption.

[0005] In industrial production, thermodynamic property demonstration can help engineers better understand and control thermodynamic processes in the production process, thereby optimizing the production process, improving product quality and reducing production costs; thermodynamic property demonstration also has important applications in the field of environmental protection. For example, through thermodynamic property demonstration, the pyrolysis and combustion processes of waste can be studied, providing scientific basis and technical support for waste treatment; thermodynamic property demonstration is also closely related to people's daily life. For example, in cooking, heating, cooling and other aspects, people need to understand and apply thermodynamic principles to optimize the quality of life.

[0006] Currently, the main method for measuring the volume of irregular objects on the market is the water displacement method. The water displacement method can measure the volume of objects more accurately, but it has a huge flaw, which is that it cannot measure objects that are not easily immersed in liquids.

[0007] For example, some electronic components or substances that can undergo chemical reactions when in contact with water. For this purpose, a multi-purpose thermodynamic property demonstration method and a body measuring instrument are proposed. The body measuring instrument of the present invention utilizes the characteristic of air that can penetrate all pores like water to quickly and conveniently measure the volume of irregular objects or porous objects that are not easily immersed in water, thereby solving the problem that the water displacement method cannot measure the volume of objects that are not easily immersed in water.

[0008] The physical principle mainly uses Boyle's law in thermodynamics, so this instrument can also be used as a demonstration instrument to verify the correctness of Boyle's law and explore the relationship between temperature, pressure and volume. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-purpose thermodynamic property demonstration method and a body measuring instrument to solve the problem that an object which is not easily immersed in a liquid cannot be measured.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument comprises a steel shell and an insulating cavity sealing cover, wherein the outer wall of the steel shell is respectively provided with a parameter display screen and an input panel, a storage cavity is provided inside the steel shell, the outer wall of the storage cavity inside the steel shell is filled with an insulating filling material, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage cavity, a steel cavity sealing cover is installed on the top of the storage cavity by screws, rubber sealing pads are installed on both sides of the top of the storage cavity, volume scales are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the storage cavity, a threaded cover is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity above the volume scale, a piston mechanism is threadedly connected to the threaded cover, and an algorithm formula for demonstrating and measuring the thermodynamic properties is Boyle's law.

[0012] Preferably, the display screen is used to display temperature, pressure and volume.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side wall of the steel cavity sealing cover and the top inner wall of the storage cavity are slidably fitted.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom outer wall of the piston mechanism and the inner walls of the two volume scales are slidably fitted.

[0015] Preferably, a threaded groove is formed on the top inner wall of the storage cavity, and the threaded cover is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity through the threaded groove.

[0016] Preferably, screw grooves are provided on the steel cavity sealing cover and the rubber sealing gasket, and the screws are used to install the steel cavity sealing cover on the top of the storage cavity through the screw grooves.

[0017] Preferably, the two rubber sealing pads are symmetrically arranged, and the formula of Boyle's law is P 0 (V 0 +ΔV)=P 1 V 1 , and V 物 =V 0 -V 1 .

[0018] A versatile thermodynamic property demonstration method, including:

[0019] Step 1: After placing the object into the cavity, cover the cavity with a steel sealing cover, record the initial temperature, then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then turn the screw rod above the piston mechanism to push the piston mechanism to compress the value of ΔV. Observe the temperature on the parameter display until it reaches the initial temperature T 0 At this time, the volume displayed on the parameter display screen is the volume of the object being measured. The volume of the object being measured can be automatically calculated by the computer using the formula;

[0020] Step 2: Place an object with a known volume, such as an iron block or a copper block, into the cavity, cover it with a steel cavity sealing cover, then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then rotate the screw rod on the piston mechanism to push the piston mechanism to compress the value of ΔV. Observe the temperature on the parameter display screen until it reaches the initial temperature. At this time, compare the measured value of the object volume with the actual volume of the regular object. If the two are approximately equal within a certain error range, it proves the accuracy of Boyle's law.

[0021] Step 3: Replace the steel cavity sealing cover of the instrument with an insulating cavity sealing cover. After covering the insulating cavity sealing cover, a simple nearly insulating container is formed. At this time, multiple sets of temperature, pressure and volume data can be obtained during the compression piston mechanism. By analyzing these data, the changing pattern between gas pressure, temperature and volume can be obtained.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The instrument designed by the present invention adopts the principle of Boyle's law, which can make up for the shortcomings of the displacement method for measuring the volume of an object. The volume of an object can be measured quickly and conveniently without water, solving the problem that the displacement method cannot measure the volume of an object that is not easily immersed in water. Since the physical principle of the instrument mainly uses Boyle's law in thermodynamics, the instrument can also be used as a demonstration instrument to verify the correctness of Boyle's law and explore the relationship between temperature, pressure and volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the heat-insulating cavity sealing cover of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Insulating filling material; 2. Volume scale; 3. Threaded cover; 4. Piston mechanism; 5. Steel cavity sealing cover; 6. Rubber sealing gasket; 7. Screws; 8. Storage cavity; 9. Steel casing; 10. Parameter display screen; 11. Input panel; 12. Temperature sensor; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Insulating cavity sealing cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 2

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument comprises a steel shell 9 and an insulating cavity sealing cover 14, the outer walls of the steel shell 9 are respectively provided with a parameter display screen 10 and an input panel 11, a storage cavity 8 is opened inside the steel shell 9, the outer wall of the storage cavity 8 inside the steel shell 9 is filled with an insulating filling material 1, a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 are arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the storage cavity 8, a steel cavity sealing cover 5 is installed on the top of the storage cavity 8 by screws 7, rubber sealing pads 6 are installed on both sides of the top of the storage cavity 8, volume scales 2 are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the storage cavity 8, a threaded cover 3 is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity 8 above the volume scale 2, a piston mechanism 4 is threadedly connected to the threaded cover 3, and the algorithm formula for the thermodynamic property demonstration measurement is Boyle's law.

[0030] The present invention is further specifically described in detail. The display screen 10 is used to display temperature, pressure and volume. The outer side wall of the steel cavity sealing cover 5 and the top inner wall of the storage cavity 8 are slidably fitted. The bottom outer wall of the piston mechanism 4 and the inner walls of the two volume scales 2 are slidably fitted. The top inner wall of the storage cavity 8 is provided with a threaded groove. The threaded cover 3 is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity 8 through the threaded groove. The steel cavity sealing cover 5 and the rubber sealing gasket 6 are both provided with screw grooves. The screw 7 installs the steel cavity sealing cover 5 on the top of the storage cavity 8 through the screw groove. The two rubber sealing gaskets 6 are symmetrically arranged. The formula of Boyle's law is P0 (V 0 +ΔV)=P 1 V 1 , and V 物 =V 0 -V 1 ;

[0031] From the above, we can see that

[0032] Principle and method of measuring irregular objects: using the relationship between pressure and volume during isothermal change of ideal gas, that is, Boyle's law: P 1 V 1 =P 2 V 2 The volume of an object can be measured in a variable phase;

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the volume of the cavity is V0 and the volume of the hollow connected to it is V. Then put the object to be measured into the cavity and cover the cavity with a sealing cover. At this time, the internal pressure is the local atmospheric pressure, represented by P0. Then slowly compress the piston downward by ΔV to Figure 2 As shown, the remaining volume of the empty box after the object is occupied is V1. After the temperature drops to room temperature, record the pressure P1 of the gas in the cavity, then:

[0034] V 物 =V 0 -V 1

[0035] During the isothermal change process, according to Boyle's law: P 0 (V 0 +ΔV)=P 1 V 1

[0036] Combining the above formulas, we can get:

[0037]

[0038] It should be noted that: ΔP represents the change in gas pressure in the hollow cavity, which can be directly obtained by the connected pressure sensor, V0 and ΔV are known numbers and can be directly read out in the experiment, and P0 is the local pressure, which can be measured by the air pressure sensor.

[0039] Demonstration of Boyle's law: If a solid or liquid of known volume is placed in a container, the measured volume value of the object is compared with the true value. Within the allowable error range, the static velocities of the two are equal, thus proving the correctness of Boyle's law.

[0040] Demonstrate the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas during compression: Replace the lid of the instrument cavity with a lid filled with insulating material, and a simple, nearly insulated container will be formed. Then, the relationship between gas pressure, volume, and temperature can be further demonstrated by compressing the piston;

[0041] Through the setting of the above technical scheme, the shortcomings of the displacement method for measuring the volume of an object can be compensated, and the volume of an object can be measured quickly and conveniently without water, solving the problem that the displacement method cannot measure the volume of objects that are not easily immersed in water. Since the physical principle of this instrument mainly uses Boyle's law in thermodynamics, this instrument can also be used as a demonstration instrument to verify the correctness of Boyle's law and explore the relationship between temperature, pressure and volume.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] A versatile thermodynamic property demonstration method, including:

[0044] Step 1: After placing the object into the storage cavity 8, cover the steel cavity sealing cover 5, record the initial temperature, then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then rotate the screw rod above the piston mechanism 4 to push the piston mechanism 4 to compress the value of ΔV, and observe the temperature on the parameter display screen 10 until it reaches the initial temperature T 0 At this time, the volume displayed on the parameter display screen 10 is the volume of the object being measured, and the volume of the object being measured can be automatically calculated by the computer using a formula;

[0045] Step 2: Place an object with a known volume, such as an iron block or a copper block, in the storage cavity 8, and then cover it with a steel cavity sealing cover 5. Then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then rotate the screw rod on the piston mechanism 4 to push the piston mechanism 4 to compress the value of ΔV. Observe the temperature on the parameter display screen 10 until it reaches the initial temperature. At this time, compare the measured value of the object volume with the actual volume of the regular object. If the two are approximately equal within a certain error range, it proves the accuracy of Boyle's law.

[0046] Step three: Replace the steel cavity sealing cover 9 of the instrument with an insulating cavity sealing cover 14. After covering the insulating cavity sealing cover 14, a simple approximately insulating container is formed. At this time, multiple sets of temperature, pressure and volume data can be obtained during the compression piston mechanism 4. By analyzing these data, the changing rules between gas pressure, temperature and volume can be obtained.

[0047] Furthermore, this design application is applied to the test of thermodynamic properties, which can make up for the shortcomings of the water displacement method in measuring the volume of objects. The volume of objects can be measured quickly and conveniently without water, solving the problem that the water displacement method cannot measure the volume of objects that are not easily immersed in water. Since the physical principle of this instrument mainly uses Boyle's law in thermodynamics, this instrument can also be used as a demonstration instrument to verify the correctness of Boyle's law and explore the relationship between temperature, pressure and volume.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument, characterized in that: The invention comprises a steel shell (9) and a heat-insulating cavity sealing cover (14), wherein the outer wall of the steel shell (9) is respectively provided with a parameter display screen (10) and an input panel (11), wherein a storage cavity (8) is provided inside the steel shell (9), wherein the inner wall of the storage cavity (8) is filled with a heat-insulating filling material (1), wherein the inner wall bottom of the storage cavity (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13), wherein the storage cavity A steel cavity sealing cover (5) is installed on the top of the storage cavity (8) by means of screws (7), rubber sealing pads (6) are installed on both sides of the top of the storage cavity (8), and a volume scale (2) is arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the storage cavity (8), and a threaded cover (3) is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity (8) above the volume scale (2), and a piston mechanism (4) is threadedly connected to the threaded cover (3), and the algorithm formula for the thermodynamic property demonstration measurement is Boyle's law.

2. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display screen (10) is used to display temperature, pressure and volume.

3. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the steel cavity sealing cover (5) and the top inner wall of the storage cavity (8) are arranged to be slidably fitted.

4. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the bottom of the piston mechanism (4) and the inner walls of the two volume scales (2) are arranged in a sliding fit.

5. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded groove is provided on the inner wall of the top of the storage cavity (8), and the threaded cover (3) is threadedly connected to the top of the storage cavity (8) via the threaded groove.

6. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel cavity sealing cover (5) and the rubber sealing pad (6) are both provided with screw grooves, and the screws (7) are used to install the steel cavity sealing cover (5) on the top of the storage cavity (8) through the screw grooves.

7. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rubber sealing pads (6) are symmetrically arranged.

8. The multi-purpose thermodynamic property measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of Boyle's law is P0(V0+ΔV)=P1V1, and V 物 =V0-V1.

9. A multi-purpose thermodynamic property demonstration method according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: include: Step 1: After placing the object into the storage cavity (8), cover the cavity with a steel sealing cover (5), record the initial temperature, then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then rotate the screw rod above the piston mechanism (4) to push the piston mechanism (4) to compress the value of ΔV, and observe the temperature on the parameter display screen (10) to the initial temperature T0. At this time, the volume displayed on the parameter display screen (10) is the volume of the object to be measured. The volume of the object to be measured can be automatically calculated by the computer using a formula; Step 2: Place an object of known volume such as an iron block or a copper block of a regular shape into the storage cavity (8), cover the cavity with a steel sealing cover (5), then input the value of the air volume ΔV to be compressed, and then rotate the screw rod above the piston mechanism (4) to push the piston mechanism (4) to compress the value of ΔV, and observe the temperature on the parameter display screen (10) to the initial temperature. At this time, compare the measured value of the object volume with the actual volume of the regular object. If the two are approximately equal within a certain error range, the accuracy of Boyle's law is proved; Step 3: Replace the steel cavity sealing cover (9) of the instrument with an insulating cavity sealing cover (14). After covering the insulating cavity sealing cover (14), a simple approximately insulating container is formed. At this time, multiple sets of temperature, pressure and volume data can be obtained during the compression piston mechanism (4). By analyzing these data, the changing rules between gas pressure, temperature and volume can be obtained.

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