Electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes. The electromagnetic repulsion switch comprises an arc extinguish chamber shell, a static contact, a moving contact, a corrugated pipe, a transmission rod, an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, a bistable spring retainer and a hydraulic buffer. Wherein the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is composed of an opening coil, a moving coil, a closing coil and discharging circuits thereof, the discharging circuit of each group of coils comprises a discharging capacitor, a thyristor and a fly-wheel diode, the upper end and the lower end of the discharging circuit are respectively connected with leads on the outer side and the inner side of each coil, and the discharging circuits are mutually independent. According to the electromagnetic repulsion switch provided by the invention, the corresponding thyristors can be controlled to switch different opening modes according to working conditions, so that the stress and charging and discharging requirements of the electromagnetic repulsion switch under a constant-speed opening working condition are reduced, and meanwhile, a single-capacitor constant-speed driving mode and a double-capacitor rapid driving mode can be used as a backup scheme or a rapid reclosing scheme; and the reliability and the mechanical life of the electromagnetic repulsion switch are obviously improved, so that the application range of the electromagnetic repulsion switch is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fast electromagnetic repulsion switches for circuit breakers, and in particular to an electromagnetic repulsion switch with multiple opening modes. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical DC circuit breakers and hybrid DC circuit breakers are the preferred solutions for fault isolation of flexible DC grids. As the core components of the two, electromagnetic repulsion switches undertake the important tasks of steady-state current carrying and transient pressure bearing. Compared with spring switches and permanent magnet switches, electromagnetic repulsion switches have the advantages of fast action, low dispersion, and strong breaking capacity. Their working performance and stability directly affect the breaking performance and reliability of the circuit breaker.

[0003] At present, electromagnetic repulsion switches used in the field of medium and high voltage DC circuit breaker technology usually adopt a coil-disc structure or a coil-coil structure. The coil-disc repulsion switch is based on electromagnetic induction and eddy current effect. It generates electromagnetic repulsion by applying pulse current to the coil and generating reverse eddy current in the metal disk. The coil-coil repulsion switch has two driving modes. One is the reverse series type that applies pulse current to two reverse series coils to generate electromagnetic repulsion. The other is the coupling type that uses Lenz's law and Ampere's law. The coupling type generates electromagnetic repulsion by applying pulse current in a single coil and inducing reverse current in another coil. The traditional single coupling repulsion switch does not have obvious advantages over the reverse series type and coil-disc repulsion switches, so there is little research on it.

[0004] In addition, since the electromagnetic repulsion switch has a single opening and closing mode and a high opening and closing speed, during the operation, on the one hand, it will cause a huge impact on the mechanical structure, and on the other hand, it requires a buffer mechanism with sufficient capacity. The electromagnetic buffering technology method described in the invention patent CN202110705514 can effectively reduce the requirements for the mechanical buffer mechanism, but its working mode is single and requires the deployment of additional buffer capacitors. The combination of permanent magnet and repulsion described in the invention patent CN202211525483 can selectively perform two disconnection modes, normal speed and fast speed, which greatly reduces the structural impact force under normal speed disconnection conditions, but the coil-disc repulsion switch it uses is not efficient, and it is not suitable to design electromagnetic buffering and bidirectional repulsion mechanisms.

[0005] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present invention. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed on the application date of the present invention, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes to solve the technical problems of the above-mentioned prior art, such as the single opening mode of the electromagnetic repulsion switch, the strong impact force of the normal speed breaking working condition structure, and the active buffering technology design.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, comprising an arc extinguishing chamber housing, a static contact, a moving contact, a bellows, a transmission rod, an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, a bistable spring retainer, and a hydraulic buffer; the arc extinguishing chamber housing, the bistable spring retainer, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the hydraulic buffer are arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0009] The static contact is arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber housing and fixedly arranged on the top of the arc extinguishing chamber housing;

[0010] The moving contact is correspondingly arranged directly below the static contact, the lower end of the moving contact is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod through a bellows, and the transmission rod can drive the moving contact to move up and down;

[0011] The two ends of the bellows are respectively fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc extinguishing chamber housing and the upper end of the transmission rod, and the bellows can elastically expand and contract as the transmission rod moves up and down;

[0012] The bistable spring retainer is fixedly arranged on the outside, and the movable end of the bistable spring retainer is connected to the transmission rod through a connecting rod connected to each other;

[0013] The transmission rod passes through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and is fixedly connected to the moving coil, and the moving coil can drive the transmission rod to move up and down;

[0014] The hydraulic buffer is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the electromagnetic repulsion switch, and when squeezed by the transmission rod, it can gradually suppress the transmission rod from moving downward.

[0015] The electromagnetic repulsion switch has three opening modes: a single capacitor constant speed driving mode, a dual capacitor fast driving mode, and a triple capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode;

[0016] The single capacitor constant speed driving mode only uses the moving coil discharge capacitor to generate induced current in the opening coil and the closing coil to provide electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force;

[0017] The dual-capacitor fast driving mode successively puts the discharge capacitor of the opening coil and the discharge capacitor of the closing coil into use, successively generates induced current in the moving coil and thus provides electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force;

[0018] In the three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode, the discharge capacitor of the opening coil and the discharge capacitor of the moving coil are first put into use to generate an electromagnetic driving force, and in the buffering stage, the discharge capacitor of the closing coil is put into use to generate an induced current in the moving coil and thus generate an electromagnetic buffering force;

[0019] Furthermore, the single-capacitor constant-speed driving mode and the dual-capacitor fast driving mode can serve as a fast reclosing solution and a backup solution for the repulsion switch.

[0020] Furthermore, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes an opening coil and its discharge circuit, a moving coil and its discharge circuit, and a closing coil and its discharge circuit. The three groups of coils have the same winding direction and are all centered on the transmission rod. The opening coil and the closing coil are fixedly arranged at the top and bottom ends of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the moving coil is arranged between the opening coil and the closing coil. The three groups of discharge circuits are independent of each other and all include a discharge capacitor, a thyristor and a freewheeling diode.

[0021] Furthermore, the three groups of coils of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism each have two upper and lower lead ports, which are led out from the outer side and the inner side of the coil respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the discharge circuit of the opening coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C1, a thyristor T1, and a freewheeling diode D1; the discharge circuit of the moving coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C2, a thyristor T2, and a freewheeling diode D2; and the discharge circuit of the closing coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C3, a thyristor T3, and a freewheeling diode D3.

[0023] Furthermore, the positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 of the opening coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T1, the cathode of the thyristor T1 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the lower port of the opening coil;

[0024] The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 of the moving coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T2, the cathode of the thyristor T2 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the lower port of the moving coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the upper port of the opening coil;

[0025] The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 of the closing coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T3, the cathode of the thyristor T3 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D3 and the lower port of the opening coil.

[0026] Furthermore, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes three groups of discharge capacitors. The single-capacitor normal speed driving mode only uses the discharge capacitor C2, the dual-capacitor fast driving mode uses the discharge capacitors C1 and C3, and the three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode requires the use of all capacitor groups, and all three driving modes have electromagnetic buffering functions.

[0027] Furthermore, in the single capacitor constant speed driving mode, the moving coil discharge circuit discharges, and a reverse current is induced on the opening coil through Lenz's law to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force, thereby driving the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the moving coil generates an electromagnetic repulsion force with the closing coil, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

[0028] Furthermore, in the dual-capacitor fast drive mode, the opening coil discharge circuit discharges, and through Lenz's law, a reverse current is induced on the moving coil and an electromagnetic repulsion force is generated, thereby driving the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the closing coil discharge circuit discharges, and an electromagnetic repulsion force is generated between the closing coil and the moving coil, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

[0029] Furthermore, in the three-capacitor long acceleration fast drive mode, the opening coil and the moving coil discharge circuits discharge simultaneously, the magnetic fields generated by the two coil currents are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic repulsion, and the moving coil drives the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the closing coil discharges the discharge circuit, and through Lenz's law, a reverse current is induced in the moving coil, generating electromagnetic repulsion, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) The present invention proposes an electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, which realizes three modes of single-capacitor constant-speed driving, dual-capacitor fast driving, and triple-capacitor long-acceleration fast driving in a set of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms.

[0032] (2) The electromagnetic repulsion switch proposed in the present invention can control the corresponding thyristor to switch to different opening modes according to the working conditions, thereby reducing the stress and charging and discharging requirements of the electromagnetic repulsion switch under the normal speed opening condition. At the same time, the single capacitor normal speed driving mode and the dual capacitor fast driving mode can serve as backup solutions or fast reclosing solutions for each other.

[0033] (3) The electromagnetic repulsion switch proposed in the present invention can provide electromagnetic buffering function in all three modes, which can effectively reduce the speed of moving parts at the end of the opening period and significantly improve the reliability and mechanical life of the electromagnetic repulsion switch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic repulsion switch provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the driving phase action of the electromagnetic repulsion switch in the single capacitor constant speed driving mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the action of the electromagnetic repulsion switch in the buffer stage of the single capacitor constant speed driving mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driving phase action of the electromagnetic repulsion switch dual-capacitor fast driving mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the action in the buffer stage of the dual-capacitor fast drive mode of the electromagnetic repulsion switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the driving phase action of the electromagnetic repulsion switch three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the action of the electromagnetic repulsion switch three-capacitor long acceleration fast drive mode buffer stage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1-arc extinguishing chamber housing; 2-static contact; 3-moving contact; 4-bellows; 5-transmission rod; 6-electromagnetic repulsion mechanism; 61-opening coil; 62-moving coil; 63-closing coil; 7-bistable spring retainer; 71-bistable spring; 72-connecting rod; 8-hydraulic buffer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementations and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.

[0043] Non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments will be described with reference to the following figures, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an arc extinguishing chamber housing 1, a static contact 2, a moving contact 3, a bellows 4, a transmission rod 5, an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 6, an opening coil 61, a moving coil 62, a closing coil 63, a bistable spring retainer 7, a bistable spring 71, a connecting rod 72 and a hydraulic buffer 8. It can be understood that the arc extinguishing chamber housing 1, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 6, the bistable spring retainer 7 and the hydraulic buffer 8 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 6 includes the opening coil 61 and its discharge circuit, the moving coil 62 and its discharge circuit, and the closing coil 63 and its discharge circuit. The three groups of coils have the same winding direction and are all centered on the transmission rod 5. The opening coil 61 and the closing coil 63 are fixedly arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the moving coil 62 is arranged between the opening coil 61 and the closing coil 63. The three groups of discharge circuits are independent of each other and each includes a discharge capacitor, a thyristor and a freewheeling diode. The static contact 2 is arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber housing 1 and fixedly arranged at the top of the arc extinguishing chamber housing 1; the moving contact 3 is correspondingly arranged directly below the static contact 2, and the lower end of the moving contact 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod 5 through the bellows 4, and the transmission rod 5 can drive the moving contact to move up and down; the two ends of the bellows 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc extinguishing chamber housing 1 and the upper end of the transmission rod 5, and the bellows 4 can elastically expand and contract as the transmission rod 5 moves up and down; the outer side of the bistable spring retainer 7 is fixedly arranged, and the movable end of the bistable spring 71 is connected to the transmission rod 5 through the mutually connected connecting rod 72; the transmission rod 5 passes through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 6 and is fixedly connected to the moving coil 62, and the moving coil 62 can drive the transmission rod 5 to move up and down; the hydraulic buffer 8 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the electromagnetic repulsion switch, and when squeezed by the transmission rod 5, it can gradually suppress the downward movement of the transmission rod.

[0046] The three groups of coils of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism 6 all have two upper and lower lead ports, which are respectively connected to the outer and inner leads of each coil. The discharge circuit of the opening coil 61 includes a discharge capacitor C1, a thyristor T1, and a freewheeling diode D1, the discharge circuit of the moving coil 62 includes a discharge capacitor C2, a thyristor T2, and a freewheeling diode D2, and the discharge circuit of the closing coil 63 includes a discharge capacitor C3, a thyristor T3, and a freewheeling diode D3.

[0047] The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 of the discharge circuit of the opening coil 61 is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T1, the cathode of the thyristor T1 is connected to the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil 61, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the lower port of the opening coil 61; the positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 of the discharge circuit of the moving coil 62 is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T2, the cathode of the thyristor T2 is connected to the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the lower port of the moving coil 62, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the upper port of the moving coil 62; the positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 of the discharge circuit of the closing coil 63 is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T3, the cathode of the thyristor T3 is connected to the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil 63, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 is connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D3 and the lower port of the opening coil 63.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] An electromagnetic repulsion switch capable of multi-mode opening and closing according to the above-mentioned method has three opening modes: a single capacitor constant speed driving mode, a dual capacitor fast driving mode, and a triple capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode:

[0050] (1) Single capacitor constant speed driving mode. The driving stage is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the control system issues a command, the thyristor T2 is turned on, the discharge capacitor C2 discharges current through the moving coil 62, the opening coil 61 generates an inductive current in the opposite direction to the moving coil 62 and forms a loop through the freewheeling diode D1, and then an electromagnetic repulsive force is generated between the moving coil 62 and the opening coil 61 to overcome the holding force of the bistable spring retainer 7 and drive the moving coil 62 to move downward; the buffer stage is as follows Figure 3 As shown, after the discharge capacitor C2 is discharged, the remaining power of the moving coil 62 forms a loop with the freewheeling diode D2. When the moving coil 62 moves to the closing coil side 63, the closing coil generates an induced current in the opposite direction to the moving coil and forms a loop through the freewheeling diode D3, thereby generating an electromagnetic repulsive force between the moving coil 62 and the closing coil 63, and jointly driving the moving coil 62 to decelerate with the hydraulic buffer 8. This mode only requires a set of discharge capacitors to complete the driving and buffering functions of the electromagnetic drive mechanism, and can reduce the current stress and mechanical stress of the mechanism by using capacitors with lower pre-charge voltage.

[0051] (2) Dual capacitor fast drive mode. The drive stage is as follows Figure 4As shown, the control system issues a command, the thyristor T1 is turned on, the discharge capacitor C1 discharges current through the opening coil, generates a reverse induced current in the moving coil 62 and forms a loop through the freewheeling diode D2, thereby generating an electromagnetic repulsive force to overcome the holding force of the bistable spring retainer 7 and drive the moving coil 62 to move downward; the buffer stage is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the thyristor T3 is turned on, and the discharge capacitor C3 discharges current through the closing coil 63, generating a reverse induced current in the moving coil 62, thereby generating an electromagnetic repulsive force that works together with the hydraulic buffer 8 to drive the moving coil 62 to decelerate. This mode applies excitation to the opening coil and the closing coil respectively, and through coupled drive, the mechanism can have a higher initial opening drive acceleration and electromagnetic buffer acceleration.

[0052] (3) Three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode. The driving stage is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the control system issues a command to turn on the thyristor T1 and the thyristor T2 at the same time, and the discharge capacitor C1 and the discharge capacitor C2 discharge to the opening coil 61 and the moving coil 62 respectively. The currents of the two coils are in opposite directions, generating an electromagnetic repulsive force to overcome the holding force of the bistable spring retainer 7 and drive the moving coil 62 to move downward; the buffer stage is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the thyristor T3 is turned on, and a reverse induced current is generated in the moving coil 62 through electromagnetic induction, forming a loop with the freewheeling diode D2, thereby generating an electromagnetic repulsive force and jointly driving the moving coil 62 to decelerate together with the hydraulic buffer 8. In this mode, two sets of discharge capacitors are used in the driving stage to make the mechanism have a higher acceleration and a longer acceleration process, and a coupled driving form is used in the buffering stage to output faster.

[0053] According to the above-mentioned electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, its closing operation can use a single capacitor constant speed driving mode, or only drive the closing coil discharge circuit or use a dual capacitor fast driving mode.

[0054] According to the above-mentioned electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, the single capacitor normal speed driving mode only uses the discharge capacitor C2, the dual capacitor fast driving mode uses the discharge capacitor C1 and the discharge capacitor C3, and the three capacitors long acceleration fast driving mode requires the use of all capacitor groups; the single capacitor normal speed driving mode and the dual capacitor fast driving mode of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can be used as fast reclosing solutions or alternative solutions for each other.

[0055] According to the above-mentioned electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, the three opening and closing modes can set the corresponding discharge circuit parameters according to the technical requirements of the circuit breaker. The single capacitor normal speed driving mode can be used for conventional speed breaking. Only a single capacitor group is required to complete the electromagnetic driving and electromagnetic buffering functions, which is beneficial to reducing the capacitor energy supply requirements and improving the life of the repulsion switch; the dual capacitor fast driving mode can be used for fast breaking. Different capacitor groups can be used in the electromagnetic driving and electromagnetic buffering stages to flexibly design the driving speed and buffering effect, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the repulsion switch; the three capacitors long acceleration fast driving mode can be used for long acceleration fast breaking, further improving the driving speed, and ensuring good electromagnetic buffering performance, ensuring that the repulsion switch can meet the technical requirements of fast breaking.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous variations to the above description are possible, and that the examples and figures are intended only to describe one or more specific implementations.

[0057] Although what is considered as exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been described and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt specific situations to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the central concept of the present invention described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but the present invention may also include all embodiments and their equivalents that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes, characterized in that: It includes an arc extinguishing chamber housing, a static contact, a moving contact, a bellows, a transmission rod, an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, a bistable spring retainer, and a hydraulic buffer; the arc extinguishing chamber housing, the bistable spring retainer, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the hydraulic buffer are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The static contact is arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber housing and fixedly arranged on the top of the arc extinguishing chamber housing; The moving contact is correspondingly arranged directly below the static contact, the lower end of the moving contact is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rod through a bellows, and the transmission rod drives the moving contact to move up and down; The two ends of the bellows are respectively fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc extinguishing chamber housing and the upper end of the transmission rod, and the bellows elastically expands and contracts as the transmission rod moves up and down; The bistable spring retainer is fixedly arranged on the outside, and the movable end of the bistable spring retainer is connected to the transmission rod through a connecting rod connected to each other; The transmission rod passes through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and is fixedly connected to the moving coil, and the moving coil drives the transmission rod to move up and down; The hydraulic buffer is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the electromagnetic repulsion switch, and when squeezed by the transmission rod, it inhibits the transmission rod from moving downward. The electromagnetic repulsion switch has three opening modes: a single capacitor constant speed driving mode, a dual capacitor fast driving mode, and a triple capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode; The single capacitor constant speed driving mode puts the moving coil discharge capacitor into operation, generates induced current in the opening coil and the closing coil successively, and then provides electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force; The dual-capacitor fast driving mode successively puts the discharge capacitor of the opening coil and the discharge capacitor of the closing coil into use, successively generates induced current in the moving coil and thus provides electromagnetic driving force and electromagnetic buffering force; The three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode firstly inputs the opening coil discharge capacitor and the moving coil discharge capacitor to generate electromagnetic driving force, and in the buffering stage inputs the closing coil discharge capacitor to generate induced current in the moving coil and thus generate electromagnetic buffering force.

2. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-capacitor constant-speed driving mode and the dual-capacitor fast driving mode can serve as a fast reclosing solution and a backup solution for the repulsion switch.

3. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes an opening coil and its discharge circuit, a moving coil and its discharge circuit, and a closing coil and its discharge circuit. The three groups of coils have the same winding direction and are all centered on the transmission rod. The opening coil and the closing coil are fixedly arranged at the top and bottom ends of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the moving coil is arranged between the opening coil and the closing coil. The three groups of discharge circuits are independent of each other and all include a discharge capacitor, a thyristor and a freewheeling diode.

4. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three groups of coils of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism all have two upper and lower lead ports, which are led out from the outer side and the inner side of the coil respectively.

5. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge circuit of the opening coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C1, a thyristor T1, and a freewheeling diode D1. The discharge circuit of the moving coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C2, a thyristor T2, and a freewheeling diode D2. The discharge circuit of the closing coil of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a discharge capacitor C3, a thyristor T3, and a freewheeling diode D3.

6. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 of the opening coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T1, the cathode of the thyristor T1 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the lower port of the opening coil; The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 of the moving coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T2, the cathode of the thyristor T2 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the lower port of the moving coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D2 and the upper port of the opening coil; The positive electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 of the closing coil discharge circuit is connected in series with the anode of the thyristor T3, the cathode of the thyristor T3 is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1 and the upper port of the opening coil, and the negative electrode of the discharge capacitor C3 is connected with the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D3 and the lower port of the opening coil.

7. An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes three groups of discharge capacitors. The single-capacitor normal speed driving mode uses the discharge capacitor C2, the dual-capacitor fast driving mode uses the discharge capacitors C1 and C3, and the three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode uses all capacitor groups, and all three driving modes have electromagnetic buffering functions.

8. An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: In the single capacitor constant speed driving mode, the moving coil discharge circuit discharges, and a reverse current is induced on the opening coil through Lenz's law to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force, thereby driving the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the moving coil generates an electromagnetic repulsion force with the closing coil, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

9. An electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the dual-capacitor fast driving mode, the opening coil discharge circuit discharges, and through Lenz's law, a reverse current is induced on the moving coil to generate an electromagnetic repulsion force, thereby driving the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the closing coil discharge circuit discharges, and an electromagnetic repulsion force is generated between the closing coil and the moving coil, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

10. The electromagnetic repulsion switch with three opening modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the three-capacitor long acceleration fast driving mode, the opening coil and the moving coil discharge circuits discharge simultaneously, the magnetic fields generated by the two coil currents are in opposite directions, thereby generating electromagnetic repulsion, and the moving coil drives the transmission rod to move. When approaching the closing coil, the closing coil discharges the discharge circuit, and through Lenz's law, a reverse current is induced in the moving coil, generating electromagnetic repulsion, thereby driving the transmission rod to decelerate.

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