Fuse protection method, battery device, power consuming device, and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides a fuse protection method, a battery device, a power consumption equipment and an electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of safety. According to the method, the current heat accumulation index of the fuse at the current moment is obtained, and the protection strategy for the fuse is determined according to the current heat accumulation index, so that the protection strategy for the fuse is determined in the form of heat accumulation. The method can effectively reduce the problem that the fuse is frequently fused due to the thermal effect caused by current impact, and can prolong the service life of the fuse and reduce the after-sales maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of safety technology, and in particular to a fuse protection method, a battery device, an electrical device, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, automotive fuses play a crucial role in ensuring circuit safety. Electric vehicles experience complex and variable operating conditions during driving, including frequent sudden acceleration and braking. These operating conditions can cause significant current fluctuations, which can cause fuses to frequently blow due to thermal effects. This, in turn, shortens fuse life and increases after-sales repair costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a fuse protection method, a battery device, an electrical device, and an electronic device to improve the problem of short service life and high after-sales maintenance costs caused by frequent fuse blowing in the existing method.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuse protection method, the method comprising:

[0005] Determining a current heat index according to current electrical parameters of the fuse at a current moment, wherein the current heat index is used to characterize a current heat condition of the fuse;

[0006] Obtaining a current heat accumulation index based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index;

[0007] A protection strategy for the fuse is determined according to the current heat accumulation index.

[0008] In the above implementation process, the current heat index is determined by obtaining the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the current heat accumulation index is obtained based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index, and the protection strategy for the fuse is determined based on the current heat accumulation index, so as to accurately evaluate the safety of the fuse in the form of heat accumulation, and perform corresponding protection on the fuse, which can effectively reduce the problem of frequent fuse blowing due to thermal effects formed by current shocks, thereby extending the service life of the fuse and reducing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0009] Optionally, determining the current heat index according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment includes:

[0010] Determining a current heat generation index based on current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment;

[0011] A current heat index is determined according to the current heat generation index and the heat dissipation prediction index.

[0012] In the above implementation process, the current heat generation of the fuse is evaluated according to the heat generation index and the heat dissipation prediction index, and the current heat index can be accurately obtained.

[0013] Optionally, the heat index includes a heat value, and the current electrical parameter is a current current;

[0014] When the current current is less than the current critical value, the current heat index is expressed as:

[0015] Y=-(IK) 2 *t;

[0016] When the current current is greater than or equal to the current critical value, the current heat index is expressed as:

[0017] Y=(IK) 2 *t;

[0018] Wherein, Y represents the current heat value, I represents the current current, K represents the current critical value, and t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

[0019] In the above implementation process, the current critical value is used as the reference current dividing line between heat dissipation and heat collection of the fuse, so that the heat accumulation of the fuse can be accurately evaluated.

[0020] Optionally, the heat index includes a heat value, and determining the current heat index according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment includes:

[0021] According to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the corresponding current heat value is searched from a pre-built heat mapping table, wherein the heat mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the heat values.

[0022] In the above implementation process, directly searching for the calorific value from the calorific value mapping table can reduce the complexity of real-time calculation of the calorific value, reduce the occupation of computing resources, and improve processing efficiency.

[0023] Optionally, the thermal index includes a thermal coefficient, and determining the current thermal index according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment includes:

[0024] According to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the corresponding current thermal coefficient is searched from a pre-constructed thermal mapping table, wherein the thermal mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the thermal coefficient, and the thermal coefficient is determined based on the thermal value of the fuse and the maximum set thermal value, and the maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0025] In the above implementation process, directly searching for the heat coefficient from the heat mapping table can reduce the complexity of real-time calculation of the heat coefficient, reduce the occupation of computing resources, and improve processing efficiency.

[0026] Optionally, the thermal index includes a thermal coefficient, and determining the current thermal index according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment includes:

[0027] Calculate the current heat value based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment;

[0028] A current heat coefficient is calculated according to the current heat value and a maximum set heat value, wherein the maximum set heat value is determined according to the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0029] In the above implementation process, the current heat coefficient can be accurately obtained by calculating the heat value in real time.

[0030] Optionally, obtaining a current heat accumulation index according to the current heat index and a previous heat accumulation index includes:

[0031] When the current heat index is a negative value, and the current heat index plus the previous heat accumulation index still has a negative value, the current heat accumulation index is assigned a value of 0.

[0032] In the above implementation process, if these negative values ​​continue to accumulate, it may lead to misunderstanding of the current thermal status of the fuse. Setting the negative value to 0 can ensure that the heat accumulation indicator only reflects the heat accumulation of the system since the most recent positive heat input, reducing the interference of the negative accumulation effect on the protection strategy decision.

[0033] Optionally, when the current moment t' is greater than or equal to the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indices from t'-h to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indices from t'-h to t'-t, where t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment;

[0034] When the current moment t' is less than the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t'-t, where t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

[0035] In the above implementation process, only the cumulative sum of the heat index within the time window is counted, which can reduce the influence of the heat index in the past on the current heat accumulation index and improve the accuracy of the judgment of the current thermal state of the fuse.

[0036] Optionally, determining a protection strategy for the fuse according to the current heat accumulation index includes:

[0037] When the current heat accumulation index is greater than or equal to a first set threshold, determining a protection strategy for the fuse to reduce the output power to a set power;

[0038] After reducing the output power, and when the heat accumulation index obtained at a subsequent moment is less than a second set threshold, the protection strategy for the fuse is determined to restore the output power to the set power, wherein the second set threshold is less than the first set threshold.

[0039] In this implementation, by adopting appropriate protection strategies under different heat accumulation conditions, the fuse can be effectively prevented from damage due to overheating, helping to extend the fuse's service life. Furthermore, after reducing the output power, if the heat accumulation indicator subsequently drops below a second set threshold, the output power can be restored to the previously set power. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the system can maintain efficient operation as much as possible while ensuring safety.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device, which includes a battery management system, a fuse, and a battery cell assembly, one end of the fuse is connected to the battery cell assembly, the other end of the fuse is used to connect to a load, the battery cell assembly is used to power the load, and the battery management system is used to execute the fuse protection method as described above.

[0041] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the above-mentioned battery device, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above are executed.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the method provided in the first aspect are executed.

[0044] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, comprising computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, execute the steps of the method provided in the first aspect above.

[0045] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description and, in part, will become apparent from the description or be understood by practicing the embodiments of the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 A flowchart of a fuse protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 A detailed flow chart of a fuse protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a fuse protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for executing a fuse protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present invention are used interchangeably. "Multiple" refers to two or more. In view of this, in the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two." "And / or" describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0054] It should also be noted that all actions of obtaining signals, information or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where they are located and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0055] The operating conditions of electric vehicles are complex and changeable during driving, and they may encounter frequent sudden acceleration, sudden braking, etc. These operating condition changes may cause drastic current fluctuations, which may cause the fuse to frequently blow due to thermal effects, resulting in a shorter service life of the fuse and high after-sales maintenance costs.

[0056] In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuse protection method, which determines the current heat index by obtaining the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, obtains the current heat accumulation index based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index, and determines the protection strategy for the fuse based on the current heat accumulation index, thereby accurately evaluating the safety of the fuse in the form of heat accumulation, and performing corresponding protection on the fuse, which can effectively reduce the problem of frequent fuse blowing due to thermal effects formed by current shocks, thereby extending the service life of the fuse and reducing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0057] The defects existing in the solutions in the above-mentioned prior art are the results obtained by the inventor after practice and careful research. Therefore, the process of discovering the above-mentioned problems and the solutions proposed in the embodiments of the present invention below for the above-mentioned problems should all be the contributions made by the inventor to the present invention during the process of the invention.

[0058] Before introducing the fuse protection method of the present application, for ease of understanding, a brief introduction is first given to the battery device involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery device 10, including a battery management system 11, a fuse 12 and a battery cell assembly 13. The fuse 12 can be set in a high-voltage box 14 of the battery device 10, one end of the fuse 12 is connected to the battery cell assembly 13, and the other end of the fuse 12 is used to connect to the load. The battery cell assembly 13 is used to power the load. The battery management system 11 is used to collect parameter information of the battery cell assembly 13 and to execute the fuse protection method of this solution.

[0060] The high-voltage box 14 of the battery device 10 is a high-voltage junction box. It connects the battery cell assembly 13 to other high-voltage devices, i.e., loads, such as motors and chargers, to achieve energy transmission and distribution. Specifically, the high-voltage box 14 receives high-voltage direct current from the battery cell assembly 13 and distributes the electrical energy to various high-voltage devices based on control commands from the battery management system 11.

[0061] The high-voltage box 14 can have multiple built-in protection elements, including fuses 12 and relays. These elements can cut off the current immediately when a circuit abnormality is detected, preventing abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature from damaging the battery device 10 and ensuring the safety of the battery.

[0062] In some embodiments, both ends of the fuse 12 may be connected to copper bars, for example, one end connected to a copper bar connected to the battery cell assembly 13, and the other end connected to a copper bar connected to a relay, which in turn is connected to the load. The copper bar serves as a connecting component between the fuse 12 and the circuit, primarily for conducting electricity. The copper bar also provides heat dissipation and protection. When an abnormal current flows in the circuit, the fuse 12's filament generates heat due to the excessive current. At this point, the copper bar can quickly transfer the heat to other components of the fuse 12 or the external environment, helping the fuse 12 to respond promptly and cut off the current, thereby preventing damage to the circuit and equipment. Furthermore, the copper bar's heat resistance ensures that it maintains stable electrical conductivity even in high-temperature environments.

[0063] The battery management system 11 can be used to detect the current of the fuse 12. It mainly detects the current of the fuse 12 indirectly by collecting the current of the battery cell assembly 13. It can be understood that the battery cell assembly 13 and the fuse 12 are connected in series, so the current of the battery cell assembly 13 is equal to the current of the fuse 12. In this way, the battery management system 11 can perform subsequent processing based on the detected current of the fuse 12. Alternatively, the battery management system 11 can also directly detect the current of the fuse 12.

[0064] In addition, the battery device 10 mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cell assemblies 13 for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly 13 may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or in parallel via a busbar. In some scenarios, battery cells may also be referred to as battery cells.

[0065] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 13 is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells. For example, the battery cell assembly 13 may be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells to form an independent module. For example, the battery module may be formed by bundling multiple battery cells with a cable tie.

[0066] In some embodiments, the battery device 10 may be a battery pack, which includes a case and one or more battery cell assemblies, wherein the battery cell assembly 13 is housed in the case.

[0067] As an example, the battery cell assembly 13 may be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly 13 may be accommodated in the box by fixing the battery module in the box.

[0068] As an example, the battery cell assembly 13 may also be housed in the box by directly fixing a plurality of battery cells to the box.

[0069] As an example, the battery cell may be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0070] The battery cells may be, but are not limited to, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, and the like.

[0071] As an example, the battery cells may be cylindrical, prismatic, soft-pack or other shaped battery cells. Prismatic battery cells include square-shell, blade-shaped, and polygonal batteries. Polygonal batteries may be, for example, hexagonal batteries.

[0072] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the above-mentioned battery device 10, and the battery device 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0073] The electrical devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery-powered vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0074] For the convenience of explanation, an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example of a vehicle. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device is provided inside the vehicle, and the battery device can be provided at the bottom of the vehicle, at the head of the vehicle, or at the tail of the vehicle. The battery device can be used to power the vehicle. For example, the battery device can be used as an operating power source or a power source for the vehicle, such as for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle.

[0075] The vehicle may further include a controller and a motor, wherein the controller is used to control the battery device to supply power to the motor, for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigation, and driving the vehicle.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device can serve not only as the operating power source of the vehicle, but also as the driving power source of the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0077] The implementation process of the fuse protection method provided in the application is described in detail below.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The flowchart of a fuse protection method provided in an embodiment of the application includes the following steps:

[0079] Step S110: determining a current heat index according to a current electrical parameter of the fuse at the current time.

[0080] The current heat index can be used to represent the current heat condition of the fuse. The current electrical parameter can be a current, a voltage, or a power, etc. For example, the battery management system obtains the current of the fuse by indirectly obtaining the current of the battery monomer assembly. The battery device can include a sampling board connected with the battery monomer assembly, which is used to collect the related parameters of the battery monomer assembly, such as current, voltage, temperature, etc., and send the collected related parameters to the battery management system, and the battery management system can perform safety monitoring on the battery monomer assembly according to these parameters.

[0081] Therefore, the battery management system can obtain the current of the battery monomer assembly as the current of the fuse. The battery management system can obtain the current of the fuse with a set time length (such as 0.01s, which can be flexibly set according to actual needs) as the sampling period, that is, the battery management system can obtain the current of the fuse every 0.01s, and then determine the current heat index according to the current.

[0082] In some embodiments, a current detection circuit can also be provided, which is used to detect the current of the fuse and transmit the current to the battery management system. The voltage of the fuse can be obtained by providing a voltage detection circuit, and the voltage detection circuit can transmit the detected voltage to the battery management system. For power, the battery management system can obtain the current and voltage of the fuse, and then calculate the power. The specific implementation of the voltage and power parameters is similar to that of the current, which is described below by taking the current as an example.

[0083] In some embodiments, the heat index of the fuse at each time can be represented by the equivalent current I 2 t (if it is voltage, it can be equivalent to voltage U 2 t, and if it is power, it can be equivalent to P 2 t, etc.), that is, the accumulation of current is equivalent to heat, and the heat index can be understood as the heat generation value of the fuse. If the current is small, the heat dissipation can be greater than the heat generation, and if the current is large, the heat dissipation can be less than the heat generation, so the heat index is also related to the current of the fuse.

[0084] Step S120: obtaining a current heat accumulation index according to the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index.

[0085] The previous heat accumulation index here may refer to the heat index accumulated before the current moment, or the sum of the heat indexes from a historical moment to the current moment. The historical moment here may refer to a fixed moment or a changing moment.

[0086] In some embodiments, to reduce the amount of calculation and simplify the decision-making process, the historical moment may refer to the initial moment when the fuse starts operating, which may refer to the moment when the device is powered on, such as the moment of 0s. In this case, the previous cumulative heat index is the cumulative sum of the heat indexes from the 0s to the previous moment. For example, if the current moment is the 26th second and the moment before the current moment is the 25th second, the previous cumulative heat index is the cumulative sum of the heat indexes from the 0th to the 25th second.

[0087] In some embodiments, the historical moment can be determined by a time window h, that is, the historical moment is t'-h. In order to reduce the impact of heat from too long ago on the current heat accumulation, when the current moment t' is greater than or equal to the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indicators from t'-h to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indicators from t'-h to t'-t, and t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment; when the current moment t' is less than the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indicators from 0 to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indicators from 0 to t'-t, and t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

[0088] For example, the heat accumulation calculation of the fuse uses a time window h as a cycle period, such as 24s as a time window. In this case, the maximum moment indicated by the time window h is the 24th second. If h is 20s, the maximum moment indicated is the 20th second. Taking h as 24s as an example, if the current moment t' is greater than or equal to the maximum moment 24s, then the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from t'-24 to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from t'-24 to t'-t; if t' is 26s and t is 1s, then the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 2s to 26s, and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 2s to 25s; if t' is 27s and t is 1s, then the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 3s to 27s, and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 3s to 26s.

[0089] Taking h as 24s as an example, if the current time t' is less than the maximum time 24s, if t' is 20s and t is 1s, then the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0s to 20s, and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0s to 19s.

[0090] It can be understood that when calculating the current heat accumulation index, the time window h can be used as the standard to calculate the sum of the heat index at each moment in the time window h. As time goes by, the time window slides in sequence to obtain the sum of the heat index at each moment in the latest time window h.

[0091] If the battery management system records the heat index and heat accumulation index obtained at each moment, when calculating the current heat accumulation index, the heat index at each moment within the time window h can be added together. In order to achieve fast calculation, the heat accumulation index obtained at the previous moment minus the heat index at the moment t'-h can be added to the current heat index to obtain the current heat accumulation index.

[0092] That is to say, in this embodiment, heat accumulation statistics are performed based on time windows. For the first time window, the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of all heat indices before the current moment. For the second time window and subsequent time windows, the previous heat accumulation index refers to the cumulative sum of heat indices of the time window with a time length before the current moment. For example, in the above example, if the current moment is the 26th second, the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indices within a time length of 24 seconds before the 26th second, that is, the cumulative sum of heat indices between the 2nd second and the 25th second.

[0093] In this way, only the cumulative sum of the heat index within the time window is counted, which can reduce the influence of the heat index in the past on the current heat accumulation index and improve the accuracy of the judgment of the current thermal state of the fuse.

[0094] Step S120: Determine a protection strategy for the fuse according to the current heat accumulation index.

[0095] When a fuse is subjected to severe current shocks under complex acceleration and deceleration conditions, the fuse's life will eventually be damaged in the form of heat accumulation. Therefore, this solution determines the protection strategy for the fuse in the form of energy accumulation.

[0096] Among them, the current heat accumulation index can characterize the heat accumulation of the fuse. For example, if the current heat accumulation index is large, it means that there is an overcurrent risk. At this time, a corresponding protection strategy can be adopted for the fuse. If the current heat accumulation index is small, it means that the overcurrent risk is not large. At this time, the protection strategy that can be determined can be to maintain the current working state.

[0097] Therefore, the corresponding protection strategy can be determined according to the heat accumulation of the fuse, and then the corresponding protection strategy can be executed to protect the fuse to extend the service life of the fuse.

[0098] In the above implementation process, the current heat index is determined by obtaining the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the current heat accumulation index is obtained based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index, and the protection strategy for the fuse is determined based on the current heat accumulation index, so as to accurately evaluate the safety of the fuse in the form of heat accumulation, and perform corresponding protection on the fuse, which can effectively reduce the problem of frequent fuse blowing due to thermal effects formed by current shocks, thereby extending the service life of the fuse and reducing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0099] Based on the above embodiment, in the method of obtaining the current heat index, the current heat generation index can be determined according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, and then the current heat index can be determined according to the current heat generation index and the heat dissipation prediction index.

[0100] The current heat generation index refers to the characterization value of the heat generated by the fuse in the time period t between the current moment and the previous moment; and the heat dissipation prediction index refers to the characterization value of the heat dissipated by the fuse in the time period t between the current moment and the previous moment. Among them, the heat dissipation prediction index can be a fixed value set based on experience, which is related to the heat dissipation area of ​​the fuse and factors such as the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the material, and may also be related to the heat dissipation path of the fuse. In other embodiments, the heat dissipation prediction index can also be a function of the ambient temperature coefficient. The higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the heat dissipation prediction index, and vice versa. In some embodiments, the heat dissipation prediction index can be determined based on the rated current of the fuse, for example, Ir 2 *t or Ir 2 tI*Ir, where I represents the current and Ir represents the rated current.

[0101] Taking the electrical parameter as current as an example, the accumulated current can be used as the current heat generation index, that is, I 2 t, so the current current of the fuse can be substituted into the formula to calculate the current heat generation index, which represents the current heat generation of the fuse. Then, the current heat generation index can be subtracted from the heat dissipation prediction index to obtain the current heat index.

[0102] In the above implementation process, the current heat generation of the fuse is evaluated according to the heat generation index and the heat dissipation prediction index, and the current heat index can be accurately obtained.

[0103] Based on the above embodiment, the heat index may include a heat value, that is, the heat index can be characterized by the heat value. When the current electrical parameter is the current current, the heat value can be characterized by the accumulation of the current. However, when the current is low, the heat dissipation of the fuse is greater than the heat collection, so its heat value is negative. When the current is high, the heat dissipation of the fuse is less than the heat collection, and its heat value is positive. Therefore, a reference current dividing line between heat dissipation and heat collection (which may be called the current critical value) can be established to calculate the heat value. For example, when the current current is less than the current critical value, the corresponding current heat value is negative. When the current current is greater than or equal to the current critical value, the corresponding current heat value is positive. In this way, the heat accumulation of the fuse can be accurately assessed.

[0104] Based on the above rules, the corresponding heat value calculation formula can be constructed. One is the heat dissipation formula, which can be used to calculate the heat value I of the current whose current is less than the current critical value. 2 A negative value of t indicates that the fuse is dissipating heat, and the cooling rate is greater than the heating rate. When the heat generation accumulates to a certain level, the risk of the fuse is controllable. In this case, the current calorific value is calculated as follows:

[0105] Y=-(IK) 2 *t;

[0106] Y represents the current heat value, I represents the current current, K represents the current critical value, and t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment, such as 1s.

[0107] The other is the heat collection formula, which can be used to calculate the heat value I of the current that is greater than or equal to the current critical value. 2 A positive value of t indicates that the fuse is collecting heat, and the heat collection heating rate is greater than the heat dissipation cooling rate. When the heat generation accumulates to a certain level, the risk of the fuse being uncontrollable. In this case, the current heat value is calculated as follows:

[0108] Y=(IK) 2 *t;

[0109] Y represents the current heat value, I represents the current current, K represents the current critical value, and t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment, such as 1s.

[0110] The above-mentioned current critical value K can be a fixed value preset based on experience, or it can be determined based on the rated current of the fuse. For example, if the rated current of the fuse is Ir, the value obtained by multiplying the rated current by a set coefficient can be used as the current critical value. For example, 1 / 2Ir can be defined as the benchmark current dividing line between heat collection and heat dissipation, that is, the current critical value.

[0111] In this implementation, the above heat dissipation prediction index refers to K2 *t-2KI*t.

[0112] Therefore, the battery management system can obtain the current of a fuse every 1 second, and then judge the size of the current current and the current critical value. Then, based on the judgment result, it chooses to substitute the current current into the corresponding formula mentioned above for calculation. In this way, the heat value at each moment can be obtained. By adding the heat values ​​at each moment, the accumulated heat value can be obtained.

[0113] It can be understood that if the current electrical parameter is voltage or power, the corresponding heat value calculation formula is similar, except that I in the above becomes voltage or power, and K becomes the voltage critical value or power critical value. For example, the value obtained by multiplying the rated voltage of the fuse by the set coefficient is used as the voltage critical value, and the value obtained by multiplying the rated power of the fuse by the set coefficient is used as the power critical value. The specific calculation method is similar to the above-mentioned current method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0114] In the above implementation process, the current critical value is used as the reference current dividing line between heat dissipation and heat collection of the fuse, so that the heat accumulation of the fuse can be accurately evaluated.

[0115] In the method of obtaining the current heat value, the current heat value can be added to the previous heat accumulation value to obtain the current heat accumulation value, and then the protection strategy for the fuse can be determined based on the current heat accumulation value.

[0116] For example, the time interval t is 1s, the current moment is the 10th second, and the time window is 24s. The system can store the heat values ​​of the battery management system at all times from the 0th second to the 9th second. The battery management system can add up the heat values ​​of all moments during this period to obtain the heat accumulation value of the previous moment, and then add the heat value of the 10th second and the heat accumulation value of the previous moment to obtain the current heat accumulation value.

[0117] In order to reduce the amount of calculation of the battery management system, the battery management system can also record and store the calculated current heat accumulation value at each moment, so that the battery management system can quickly obtain the heat accumulation value of the previous moment, without having to add up the heat values ​​of all previous moments, which can improve the calculation efficiency.

[0118] In the above implementation process, by introducing calorific value to characterize the calorific index and making decisions on accumulation and protection strategies based on the calorific value, the decision-making process can be simplified so that decisions can be made quickly.

[0119] On the basis of the above embodiments, taking into account the limited computing resources of the battery management system, in order to reduce the computing resource usage of the battery management system in the fuse protection method, the correspondence between different electrical parameters and calorific values ​​can be calculated in advance and then stored. In this way, each time the current current is obtained, the corresponding current calorific value can be found from the pre-constructed thermal mapping table based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment. The thermal mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the calorific values, so that the current calorific value can be quickly obtained.

[0120] Taking current as an example, when constructing a heat mapping table, the heat values ​​corresponding to different currents can be calculated in advance. For example, from 0 to the maximum current of the fuse (the maximum current refers to the maximum inrush current of the battery device where the fuse is located, such as 1100A), a current value of 1 A is taken to calculate the corresponding heat value. In this way, the corresponding relationship between current and heat value can be constructed as shown in Table 1 below, that is, the heat mapping table.

[0121] Table 1

[0122]

[0123] In this way, the battery management system can obtain the current calorific value by looking up Table 1. Of course, if the actual value of the fuse current is accurate to a decimal, when looking up Table 1, the current closest to the current current can be found by rounding off, and then the corresponding calorific value can be obtained from Table 1.

[0124] It is understandable that in practical applications, the current values ​​in Table 1 above may be even smaller to construct a more refined correspondence between current and heat value.

[0125] In some embodiments, a small change in current may not result in a large change in the corresponding calorific value, which has little impact on the final protection strategy decision. Therefore, in order to reduce the storage resources of the battery management system, a correspondence between the current range and the calorific value can be constructed. In this case, the calorific value can be determined based on the lower limit of the current range, which can simplify Table 1 and reduce the storage capacity of Table 1.

[0126] For example, if the rated current X of the fuse is 800A, the current threshold K is 400A, and the maximum current of the battery device is 1100A, the corresponding calorific value is calculated as follows:

[0127] When 0≤I<100, take 0A and calculate according to the formula: -(0-400)^2 * 0.01s=-1600;

[0128] When 100≤I<200, take 100A and calculate according to the formula: -(100-400)^2 * 0.01s=-900;

[0129] When 200≤I<300, take 200A, according to the formula: -(200-400)^2 * 0.01s = -400;

[0130] When 300≤I<350, take 300A, according to the formula: -(300-400)^2 * 0.01s = -100;

[0131] When 400≤I<500, take 400A, according to the formula: (400-400)^2 * 0.01s = 0;

[0132] When 500≤I<600, take 500A, according to the formula: (500-400)^2 * 0.01s = 100;

[0133] When 600≤I<700, take 600A, according to the formula: (600-400)^2 * 0.01s = 400;

[0134] When 700≤I<800, take 700A, according to the formula: (700-400)^2 * 0.01s = 900;

[0135] When 800≤I<900, take 800A, according to the formula: (800-400)^2 * 0.01s = 1600;

[0136] When 900≤I<1000, take 900A, according to the formula: (900-400)^2 * 0.01s = 2500;

[0137] When 1000≤I<1100, take 1000A, according to the formula: (1000-400)^2 * 0.01s = 3600;

[0138] When 1100≤I<1200, take 1100A, according to the formula: (1100-400)^2 * 0.01s = 4900.

[0139] The corresponding relationship between the current range and the heat value, i.e. the heat mapping table, can be shown in Table 2 as follows.

[0140] Table 2

[0141]

[0142] When determining the current calorific value, you can first look up the table to determine the current range to which the current current belongs, and then determine the corresponding calorific value based on the current range. For example, if the current current is 80 A and the current range is 0-100 A, then the corresponding current calorific value is determined to be -1600. In this way, you can quickly look up the table to obtain the current calorific value.

[0143] It is understandable that for voltage or power, the corresponding relationship between different voltages or powers and heat values ​​can be pre-calculated in a similar manner, and a heat mapping table can be constructed, so that the current heat value can be obtained directly by looking up the table.

[0144] In the above implementation process, directly searching for the calorific value from the calorific value mapping table can reduce the complexity of real-time calculation of the calorific value, reduce the occupation of computing resources, and improve processing efficiency.

[0145] On the basis of the above embodiments, in order to facilitate calculation and comparison, the thermal index may include a thermal coefficient, that is, the thermal index can be characterized by the thermal coefficient, and the current thermal coefficient can be determined based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment. Specifically, the current thermal value can be calculated based on the current electrical parameters, and then the current thermal coefficient can be calculated based on the current thermal value and the maximum set thermal value. The maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0146] The method for determining the calorific value can be as described in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. Then, the current calorific value can be used to determine the current calorific value. The ... refer to a parameter representing the current calorific value. That is, the calorific value of the fuse can also be reflected by the calorific value. The calorific value can be understood as a relative value of the calorific value.

[0147] In some embodiments, the heat coefficient can be determined based on the heat value of the fuse and the maximum set heat value. For example, the ratio of the heat value of the fuse to the maximum set heat value can be used as the heat coefficient. For example, if the maximum current of the battery device is 1100 A and the maximum set heat value is calculated based on the rated current of the fuse being 800 A, the maximum set heat value is (1100-400). 2 *0.01=4900. Then the ratio of the current calorific value to 4900 can be used as the current calorific coefficient.

[0148] The sum of the current heat coefficient and the previous heat accumulation coefficient can then be used as the current heat accumulation coefficient. The calculation method for the heat coefficients at each previous moment is similar to the calculation method for the current heat coefficient. In this way, the heat coefficients within the time window with a time length including the current moment can be added to obtain the current heat coefficient. For example, according to the above embodiment, the battery management system records the corresponding heat value at each moment, and then calculates the ratio of the heat value to the maximum set heat value to obtain the heat coefficient. In this way, the heat coefficient at each moment can be recorded, and the heat accumulation coefficient corresponding to each moment can also be recorded. In this way, when obtaining the current heat accumulation coefficient, the previous heat accumulation coefficient can be quickly obtained, and after subtracting the heat coefficient at the time t'-h, it can be added to the current heat coefficient to obtain the current heat accumulation coefficient.

[0149] In the above implementation process, by introducing the heat coefficient to characterize the heat index and making decisions on accumulation and protection strategies based on the heat coefficient, the decision-making process can be simplified so that decisions can be made quickly.

[0150] On the basis of the above embodiment, considering the limited computing resources of the battery management system, in order to reduce the computing resource usage of the battery management system in the fuse protection method, the corresponding relationship between different electrical parameters and thermal coefficients can be calculated in advance and then stored. In this way, after each current electrical parameter is obtained, the corresponding current thermal coefficient can be found from a pre-constructed thermal mapping table based on the current electrical parameter of the fuse at the current moment, wherein the thermal mapping table stores the corresponding relationship between electrical parameters and thermal coefficients, so that the current thermal coefficient can be quickly obtained. The thermal coefficient is determined based on the thermal value of the fuse and the maximum set thermal value, and the maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0151] Taking current as an example, when constructing a heat mapping table, the heat coefficients corresponding to different currents can be calculated in advance. For example, from 0 to the maximum current of the fuse (the maximum current refers to the maximum inrush current of the battery device where the fuse is located, such as 1100A), a current value of 1 A is taken to calculate the corresponding heat coefficient. In this way, the corresponding relationship between current and heat coefficient can be constructed as shown in Table 3 below, that is, the heat mapping table.

[0152] Table 3

[0153]

[0154] In this way, the battery management system can obtain the current thermal coefficient by looking up Table 3. Of course, if the actual value of the fuse current is accurate to a decimal, when looking up Table 3, the current closest to the current current can be found by rounding off, and then the corresponding thermal coefficient can be obtained from Table 1.

[0155] It is understandable that in practical applications, the current values ​​in Table 3 above may be even smaller to construct a more refined correspondence between current and heat coefficient.

[0156] In some embodiments, a small change in current may not result in a large change in the corresponding calorific value, which has little impact on the final strategy decision. Therefore, in order to reduce the storage resources of the battery management system, a correspondence between the current range and the thermal coefficient can be constructed. In this case, the calorific value can be determined based on the lower limit of the current range, which can simplify Table 3 and reduce the storage capacity of Table 3.

[0157] The correspondence between the constructed current range and the heat coefficient, that is, the heat mapping table, can be shown in Table 4 below.

[0158] Table 4

[0159]

[0160] When determining the current heat coefficient, you can first look up the table to determine the current range to which the current current belongs, and then determine the corresponding heat coefficient based on the current range. For example, if the current current is 80 A, the corresponding current heat coefficient is determined to be -0.3265. In this way, you can quickly look up the table to obtain the current heat coefficient.

[0161] It can be understood that the above Table 4 shows the correspondence between the current range, calorific value and thermal coefficient. In actual applications, the calorific value column can be omitted, and it is only necessary to reflect the correspondence between the current range and the thermal coefficient. In order to adapt to the different configurations of the battery management system, for example, some current management systems are configured to determine the protection strategy based on the heat accumulation value, and some battery management systems are configured to determine the protection strategy based on the heat accumulation coefficient, when constructing the heat mapping table, the correspondence between the current, calorific value and thermal coefficient can be reflected in the above four tables. In this way, no matter what the configuration is, the battery management system can quickly obtain the corresponding value by looking up the table.

[0162] It is understandable that for voltage or power, the corresponding relationship between different voltages or powers and heat coefficients can be pre-calculated in a similar manner, and a heat mapping table can be constructed, so that the current heat coefficient can be obtained directly by looking up the table.

[0163] In the above implementation process, directly searching for the heat coefficient from the heat mapping table can reduce the complexity of real-time calculation of the heat coefficient, reduce the occupation of computing resources, and improve processing efficiency.

[0164] Based on the above embodiment, in order to facilitate the battery management system to quickly obtain the heat accumulation value or heat accumulation coefficient, the battery management system can record the heat accumulation value and / or heat accumulation coefficient at each moment. Taking the heat accumulation coefficient as an example, the battery management system calculates the cumulative sum of the heat coefficient every 0.01s. The calculation continues after the battery management system is powered on. The cumulative sum is restarted after the power is turned off and then on again. The calculation logic is as follows:

[0165] S0=f0;

[0166] S1=S0+f1;

[0167] S2=S1+f2;

[0168] S3=S2+f3; ......;

[0170] Sn=Sn-1+fn.

[0171] Among them, Sn represents the heat accumulation coefficient at the nth moment, fn represents the heat coefficient at the nth moment, and n here represents the moment in the first time window. If the time window is h, the calculation formula for the heat accumulation index at subsequent moments is Sn=fn+fn-1+fn-2+...+fn-h.

[0172] In some embodiments, the above accumulation can be based on 24s as a time window, and the data after 0.01s can be used to replace the previous data, and the cycle is repeated. For example, the battery management system counts the heat index at each moment within the time window of 24s. For example, if 1s is a moment, 25 heat indexes can be stored. At the 25th second, the heat index at the 25th second moment is stored, and the heat index at the 0th second moment is deleted. It is similar to a storage queue with a length of 25. After the data is full, each time new data is stored, the earliest stored data will be deleted to save the storage resources of the battery management system. In addition, when the cumulative index statistics are performed subsequently, the various values ​​in the storage queue can be directly added to obtain the current cumulative index.

[0173] In some embodiments, when the current is low, the calculated heat value or heat coefficient is negative. That is, when the current current is less than the current threshold, the corresponding current heat index is negative, and when the current current is greater than or equal to the current threshold, the corresponding current heat index is positive. The specific calculation method can be referred to the relevant description in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0174] When the heat accumulation calculation is performed later, these negative values ​​may be offset, thereby affecting the decision of the subsequent protection strategy. Therefore, if the current heat index is negative and the current heat index plus the previous heat accumulation index is still negative, the current heat accumulation index can be assigned to 0.

[0175] Taking the heat coefficient as an example, the battery management system can determine whether the heat accumulation coefficient at each moment is a negative value after obtaining the heat accumulation coefficient at the current moment. If it is a negative value, it is directly assigned a value of 0. The specific logic is shown in Table 5 below.

[0176] Table 5

[0177]

[0178] That is, after obtaining the heat accumulation coefficient corresponding to each moment, the battery management system can determine whether the current heat coefficient at the current moment is negative. If it is negative, and the value is still negative after adding it to the previous heat accumulation coefficient, that is, whether the current heat accumulation coefficient is negative, if it is negative, then directly assign it a value of 0. For example, after obtaining S0, the battery management system first determines whether S0 is a negative value. If so, then directly assign S0 to 0. After obtaining S1, the battery management system determines whether S1 is a negative value. If so, then directly assigns S1 to 0.

[0179] In the above implementation process, if these negative values ​​continue to accumulate, it may lead to misunderstanding of the current thermal status of the fuse. Setting the negative value to 0 can ensure that the heat accumulation indicator only reflects the heat accumulation of the system since the most recent positive heat input, reducing the interference of the negative accumulation effect on the protection strategy decision.

[0180] It should be noted that in the above-mentioned method of assigning a value of 0, the heat accumulation value can also be processed similarly. For example, if the battery management system determines the protection strategy based on the heat accumulation value, then if the heat accumulation value at the current moment is negative, the heat accumulation value at the current moment can be assigned to 0.

[0181] On the basis of the above embodiment, in determining the protection strategy for the fuse, when the current heat accumulation index is greater than or equal to the first set threshold, the protection strategy for the fuse is determined to be to reduce the output power to the set power. After reducing the output power, and when the heat accumulation index obtained at a subsequent time is less than the second set threshold, the protection strategy for the fuse is determined to be to restore the output power to the set power, wherein the second set threshold is less than the first set threshold.

[0182] Taking the heat accumulation coefficient as an example, the first threshold can be set based on actual experience. For example, it can be set to 500. If the current heat accumulation coefficient is greater than or equal to 500, it indicates overheating and the fuse may be dangerous. Therefore, a protection strategy is needed, that is, the output power is reduced to the set power. If the current output power of the vehicle exceeds 350KW (which can be set based on actual experience), the output power is reduced to 350KW at a rate of 5KW / s, that is, the set power is 350KW, which is equivalent to reducing the output current to reduce the heat value of the fuse.

[0183] After reducing the output power, the battery management system will continue to judge the output power. If the output power is less than 350KW, the current output power will be maintained. In addition, the battery management system will continue to count the heat accumulation coefficient at subsequent moments. If the heat accumulation coefficient counted at subsequent moments is less than the second set threshold, the second set threshold can be set to 300, which can be set according to actual experience, indicating that the heat accumulation of the fuse has decreased, then the above power limit strategy can be lifted (i.e., power reduction). At this time, the system default rate of 5KW / s can be used to restore the set power of 350KW. The detailed implementation process of this solution can be referred to Figure 3 As shown, after the battery management system obtains the current cumulative coefficient at each moment, it will determine whether the value is 0 according to the above embodiment, and then perform a threshold judgment to start the corresponding protection strategy ( Figure 3 Since S0 is the data collected at the 0th second, it is 0, so no judgment is made. Of course, the same logic can be used for judgment, or judgment can be made directly after collecting data at the 0.01th second.)

[0184] Regarding the value of the above threshold, for example, in the first 24 seconds after the vehicle is started (which can be set according to actual experience), the current will drop from the upper limit of 1200A (the maximum power used by the whole vehicle) to 900A (corresponding to 350KW). During this period, the fuse will be subjected to more current shocks exceeding 1000A. It is necessary to set the trigger threshold to the smallest possible range without affecting the main driving functions. Therefore, setting the first set threshold to 500 will not affect the normal acceleration and deceleration conditions, and it can be triggered normally under multiple consecutive shock conditions. In the first 24 seconds after the vehicle is started, the driver can still use a large current to accelerate, and the temperature of the fuse may reach a high temperature. Therefore, it takes a long time to cool the entire fuse, and no current exceeding 900A (corresponding to 350KW) will occur during the cooling process. Setting the release threshold to 300 can allow the fuse to obtain a certain cooling time.

[0185] It can be understood that the above threshold is a threshold determined for the heat accumulation coefficient, and a corresponding threshold can also be set for the heat accumulation value. The threshold value is considered similarly, except that the threshold value is different. The judgment method of the protection strategy is similar. For the sake of brevity, the detailed description is omitted here.

[0186] In the above implementation process, by taking corresponding protection strategies under different heat accumulation conditions, the damage of the fuse due to overheating can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the fuse can be prolonged. Moreover, after reducing the output power, if the heat accumulation index at the subsequent moment is reduced to be lower than the second set threshold, the output power can be restored to the previous set power. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the system can maintain high efficiency as much as possible under the premise of safety.

[0187] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a fuse protection device 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. The device 200 can be a module, a program segment or code on an electronic device. It should be understood that the device 200 corresponds to the above-mentioned Figure 2 method embodiment, and can perform each step involved in the Figure 2 method embodiment. The specific functions of the device 200 can be referred to the description in the above text. To avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here.

[0188] Optionally, the device 200 includes:

[0189] A heat index acquisition module 210 is configured to determine a current heat index according to a current electrical parameter of the fuse at a current moment, wherein the current heat index is used to represent the current heat condition of the fuse.

[0190] An accumulation index acquisition module 220 is configured to obtain a current heat accumulation index according to the current heat index and a previous heat accumulation index.

[0191] A strategy determination module 230 is configured to determine a protection strategy for the fuse according to the current heat accumulation index.

[0192] Optionally, the heat index acquisition module 210 is configured to determine a current heat generation index according to a current electrical parameter of the fuse at a current moment, and determine a current heat index according to the current heat generation index and a heat dissipation prediction index.

[0193] Optionally, the heat index includes a heat value, and the current electrical parameter is a current.

[0194] In a case where the current is less than a current threshold, the current heat index is represented as:

[0195] Y = - (I - K)2 *t;

[0196] When the current current is greater than or equal to the current critical value, the current heat index is expressed as:

[0197] Y=(IK) 2 *t;

[0198] Wherein, Y represents the current heat value, I represents the current current, K represents the current critical value, and t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

[0199] Optionally, the thermal index includes a thermal value, and the thermal index acquisition module 210 is used to search for the corresponding current thermal value from a pre-built thermal mapping table based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, wherein the thermal mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the thermal values.

[0200] Optionally, the thermal index includes a thermal coefficient, and the thermal index acquisition module 210 is used to search for the corresponding current thermal coefficient from a pre-constructed thermal mapping table based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, wherein the thermal mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the thermal coefficient, and the thermal coefficient is determined based on the thermal value of the fuse and the maximum set thermal value, and the maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0201] Optionally, the thermal index includes a thermal coefficient, and the thermal index acquisition module 210 is used to calculate the current thermal value based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment; calculate the current thermal coefficient based on the current thermal value and the maximum set thermal value, and the maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

[0202] Optionally, the accumulation index acquisition module 220 is configured to assign the current calorie accumulation index to 0 when the current calorie index is a negative value and the sum of the current calorie index and the previous calorie accumulation index is still a negative value.

[0203] Optionally, when the current moment t' is greater than or equal to the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indices from t'-h to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of heat indices from t'-h to t'-t, where t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment;

[0204] When the current moment t' is less than the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t'-t, where t represents the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

[0205] Optionally, the strategy determination module 230 is used to determine that the protection strategy for the fuse is to reduce the output power to the set power when the current heat accumulation index is greater than or equal to a first set threshold; after reducing the output power, and when the heat accumulation index obtained at a subsequent time is less than a second set threshold, determine that the protection strategy for the fuse is to restore the output power to the set power, wherein the second set threshold is less than the first set threshold.

[0206] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0207] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for executing a fuse protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the electronic device may include: at least one processor 310, such as a CPU, at least one communication interface 320, at least one memory 330, and at least one communication bus 340. The communication bus 340 is used to implement connection and communication between these components. The communication interface 320 of the device in the embodiment of the present application is used to communicate signaling or data with other node devices. The memory 330 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The memory 330 may optionally be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor. The memory 330 stores computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor 310, the electronic device executes the process of the above-mentioned fuse protection method.

[0208] I understand. Figure 5 The structure shown is only for illustration, and the electronic device may also include Figure 5 More or fewer components than shown, or with Figure 5 Different configurations shown. Figure 5 Each component shown in the figure can be implemented by hardware, software or a combination thereof.

[0209] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program executes the method process executed by the electronic device in the embodiment of the fuse protection method.

[0210] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can perform the methods provided in the above method embodiments, for example, including:

[0211] Determining a current heat index according to current electrical parameters of the fuse at a current moment, wherein the current heat index is used to characterize a current heat condition of the fuse;

[0212] Obtaining a current heat accumulation index based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index;

[0213] A protection strategy for the fuse is determined according to the current heat accumulation index.

[0214] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuse protection method, a battery device, an electrical device, and an electronic device. The current heat index is determined by obtaining the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, and the current heat accumulation index is obtained based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index. The protection strategy for the fuse is determined based on the current heat accumulation index, so as to accurately evaluate the safety of the fuse in the form of heat accumulation, and perform corresponding protection on the fuse. This can effectively reduce the problem of frequent fuse blowing due to thermal effects caused by current shocks, thereby extending the service life of the fuse and reducing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0215] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0216] In addition, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0217] Furthermore, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0218] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0219] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuse protection method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining a current heat index based on current electrical parameters of the fuse at a current moment, wherein the current heat index is used to characterize the current heat condition of the fuse, the current heat index is determined based on a current heat generation index and a heat dissipation prediction index, the current heat generation index is determined based on the current electrical parameters, the heat dissipation prediction index is a function of an ambient temperature coefficient, and the heat dissipation prediction index is negatively correlated with the ambient temperature; Obtaining a current heat accumulation index based on the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index; determining a protection strategy for the fuse according to the current heat accumulation index; Wherein, the heat index includes a heat value, and the current electrical parameter is the current current; When the current current is less than the current critical value, the current heat index is expressed as: Y=-(I-K) 2 *t; When the current current is greater than or equal to the current critical value, the current heat index is expressed as: Y=(I-K) 2 *t; Wherein, Y represents the current heat value, I represents the current current, K represents the current critical value, t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment, K is equal to 1 / 2Ir, and Ir represents the rated current of the fuse; Wherein, when the current moment t' is greater than or equal to the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from t'-h to t', the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from t'-h to t'-t, and t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment; When the current moment t' is less than the maximum moment indicated by the time window h, the current heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t', and the previous heat accumulation index is the cumulative sum of the heat indices from 0 to t'-t, where t represents the interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat index includes a heat value. Determining the current heat index based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment includes: According to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the corresponding current heat value is searched from a pre-built heat mapping table, wherein the heat mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the heat values.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat index includes a heat coefficient. The current heat index is determined according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, including: According to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, the corresponding current thermal coefficient is searched from a pre-constructed thermal mapping table, wherein the thermal mapping table stores the correspondence between the electrical parameters and the thermal coefficient, and the thermal coefficient is determined based on the thermal value of the fuse and the maximum set thermal value, and the maximum set thermal value is determined based on the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The heat index includes a heat coefficient. The current heat index is determined according to the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment, including: Calculate the current heat value based on the current electrical parameters of the fuse at the current moment; A current heat coefficient is calculated according to the current heat value and a maximum set heat value, wherein the maximum set heat value is determined according to the maximum current of the battery device where the fuse is located.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The obtaining of a current heat accumulation index according to the current heat index and the previous heat accumulation index includes: When the current heat index is a negative value, and the current heat index plus the previous heat accumulation index still has a negative value, the current heat accumulation index is assigned a value of 0.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The determining of a protection strategy for the fuse according to the current heat accumulation index includes: When the current heat accumulation index is greater than or equal to a first set threshold, determining a protection strategy for the fuse to reduce the output power to a set power; After reducing the output power, continue to judge the output power. When the output power is less than the set power and the heat accumulation index obtained at a subsequent moment is less than a second set threshold, determine that the protection strategy for the fuse is to restore the output power to the set power, wherein the second set threshold is less than the first set threshold.

7. A battery device, characterized in that: The battery device includes a battery management system, a fuse and a battery cell assembly, one end of the fuse is connected to the battery cell assembly, the other end of the fuse is used to connect to a load, the battery cell assembly is used to power the load, and the battery management system is used to execute the fuse protection method described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery device according to claim 7 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are read and executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.

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