Dimming member, method for manufacturing dimming member, and dimming body

Abstract

The light control member (10) includes a first laminate (12), a second laminate (13), and a liquid crystal layer (14) disposed between the first laminate and the second laminate, and controls transmitted light. The first laminate (12) includes a first base material (21A) and a first alignment layer (23A), and the second laminate (13) includes a second base material (21B) and a second alignment layer (23B). The first laminate (12) includes a first resin layer (31A) in which particles (33) are dispersed between the first substrate (21A) and the first alignment layer (23A). The first alignment layer (23A) includes first protrusions (231A) on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer (14). The particles (33) are positioned so as to overlap the first protrusions (231A) in the thickness direction of the dimming member (10).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dimming component and a dimming body having the dimming component. In addition, the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the dimming component. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a dimming component capable of controlling the transmittance of light is known, as described in Patent Document 1. As a method of adjusting the transmittance of light by a dimming component, a method using liquid crystal is known, as described in Patent Document 1. A dimming component using liquid crystal can be simply constructed and can ensure a very high light shielding performance.

[0003] In such a dimming component, liquid crystal is arranged between two alignment layers. Each alignment layer is stacked on a transparent substrate. When dimming is performed using a dimming component using liquid crystal, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer is controlled to change the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal layer, thereby controlling the transmission of light. The dimming component can, for example, switch between blocking and transmitting external light, and continuously change the amount of transmitted light.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Patent Literature

[0006] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2018 / 117256 Summary of the invention

[0007] Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0008] In the manufacturing process of such a dimming component, the surface of the alignment layer may be damaged. In a dimming component with a damaged alignment layer, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules at the damaged position is fixed to an unexpected alignment. As a result, such a dimming component has a problem of poor appearance.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a dimming component, a method for manufacturing a dimming component, and a dimming body that reduce poor appearance caused by damage to an alignment layer.

[0010] Methods used to solve technical problems

[0011] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the following solution methods. It should be noted that, for easy understanding, the present invention is described with reference numerals corresponding to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0012] The dimming component of the present invention comprises:

[0013] A first stacked body (12) comprising a first substrate (21A) and a first orientation layer (23A) stacked on the first substrate;

[0014] a second stacked body (13) including a second substrate (21B) and a second alignment layer (23B) stacked on the second substrate, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer being arranged to face each other; and

[0015] A liquid crystal layer (14) is disposed between the first stack and the second stack, and includes a dimming component (10) of liquid crystal molecules whose orientation is controlled by applying a voltage to an electrode disposed on at least one of the first stack and the second stack.

[0016] The first laminate includes a first resin layer (31A) in which particles (33) are dispersed between the first substrate and the first alignment layer.

[0017] The first alignment layer includes a first convex portion (231A) on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer.

[0018] The particles are positioned to overlap with the first protrusions in the thickness direction of the light adjusting member.

[0019] In the light control member of the present invention, the height of the first convex portion in the thickness direction of the light control member may be not less than 0.2 μm and not more than 2.0 μm.

[0020] For example, in the dimming component of the present invention, when the total area of ​​the first protrusions is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer is set to S0 in a plan view of the dimming component, the ratio of S1 to S0 is greater than 0.03% and less than 1.00%.

[0021] In the dimming component of the present invention, the particle size of the particles may be larger than the thickness of the first resin layer.

[0022] In the light control component of the present invention, the surface of the first resin layer on the first alignment layer side may have a hardness of B or more in terms of pencil hardness.

[0023] As in the dimming component of the present invention, the second stack may include a second resin layer in which particles are dispersed between the second substrate and the second orientation layer, the second orientation layer includes a second convex portion on the surface facing the liquid crystal layer, and the particles are positioned and overlapped with the second convex portion in the thickness direction of the dimming component.

[0024] In the light control component of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer may include a plurality of bead-shaped spacers (24) arranged between the first stacked body and the second stacked body.

[0025] The light control component of the present invention can also be used as a transmission-type light control component that adjusts the light amount of transmitted light.

[0026] As in the dimming component of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer (14) may include a guest-host liquid crystal composition.

[0027] The light control component of the present invention may be set to a light shielding state in which the transmittance is minimum when there is no electric field.

[0028] Like the dimming component of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer may also contain a chiral agent.

[0029] In the light control component of the present invention, the electrode may be a transparent electrode, and a first electrode may be arranged between the first resin layer and the first alignment layer.

[0030] The light modulator of the present invention comprises:

[0031] a pair of transparent parts (41, 42); and

[0032] Any of the above-mentioned dimming components is arranged between the pair of transparent components.

[0033] The manufacturing method of the dimming component of the present invention comprises:

[0034] A first stacked body manufacturing step of manufacturing a first stacked body, the first stacked body comprising a first substrate, a first alignment layer laminated on the first substrate, and a first resin layer between the first substrate and the first alignment layer;

[0035] A second stacked body manufacturing step of manufacturing a second stacked body including a second substrate and a second orientation layer laminated on the second substrate;

[0036] a liquid crystal material supplying step of supplying the liquid crystal material to the surface of the second alignment layer opposite to the second substrate; and

[0037] a liquid crystal clamping step of laminating the first stacked body on the second stacked body,

[0038] The first laminated body manufacturing step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the first resin layer.

[0039] The manufacturing method of the dimming component of the present invention comprises:

[0040] A first stacked body manufacturing step of manufacturing a first stacked body, the first stacked body comprising a first substrate, a first alignment layer laminated on the first substrate, and a first resin layer between the first substrate and the first alignment layer;

[0041] A second stacked body manufacturing step of manufacturing a second stacked body, wherein the second stacked body includes a second substrate, a second alignment layer laminated on the second substrate, and a second resin layer between the second substrate and the second alignment layer;

[0042] a liquid crystal material supplying step of supplying the liquid crystal material to the surface of the second alignment layer opposite to the second substrate; and

[0043] a liquid crystal clamping step of laminating the first stacked body on the second stacked body,

[0044] The first laminate preparation step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the first resin layer.

[0045] The second laminated body manufacturing step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the second resin layer.

[0046] Effects of the Invention

[0047] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the appearance defects caused by damage to the alignment layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a diagram for explaining the light modulator 1 according to the embodiment.

[0049] Figure 2 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a layer structure of the light control member 10 according to the embodiment.

[0050] Figure 3 Yes Figure 2 The cross section of the first stacked body 12 in the cross section of the dimming component 10 is further enlarged and shown.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing a state in which an object 60 is in contact with the surface of the first stacked body 12 according to the embodiment.

[0052] Figure 5 1 and 10 , which are diagrams showing a state in which the light adjusting member 10 according to the embodiment and the light adjusting member 101 according to the comparative example are observed.

[0053] Figure 6 1 is a diagram schematically showing the distribution of the bead-shaped spacers 24 in the light control member 10 of the embodiment and the light control member 101 of the comparative example.

[0054] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view showing a cross section of the first stacked body 12 according to a modification.

[0055] Figure 8 The diagrams are for explaining variations of the light control member 10 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1Each of the following drawings is a schematic diagram, and the size and shape of each part are exaggerated as appropriate for easy understanding.

[0057] The numerical values, material names, and the like of the dimensions of each component described in this specification are provided as examples of the embodiments and are not limited thereto, and can be appropriately selected and used.

[0058] In this specification, terms that define shape or geometric conditions, such as terms such as parallel or orthogonal, may include, in addition to their strict meanings, states in which the same optical function is achieved with an error that can be regarded as parallel or orthogonal.

[0059] In this specification, the words "plate", "film" and the like are used. They are usually used in the order of thickness, plate, sheet, and film, and are also used in this specification. However, such distinction has no technical meaning, so these words can be replaced appropriately.

[0060] In the present specification, the term "planar observation" refers to a state of observation from a direction perpendicular to a main surface of a dimming body or a dimming member.

[0061] In this specification, the term "transparent" means transmitting at least light of a wavelength to be used. For example, even if visible light is not transmitted, if infrared light is transmitted, it is treated as transparent when used for infrared applications.

[0062] Figure 1 1 is a diagram for explaining the light modulator 1 of this embodiment. Figure 1 , a cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the light modulator 1 is shown.

[0063] The light control body 1 of the present embodiment is a light control device capable of adjusting the amount of transmitted light, and includes a light control member 10 .

[0064] The light modulator 1 can be applied to various technical fields where the transmittance of light needs to be adjusted, and the application scope is not particularly limited. The light modulator 1 is, for example, arranged in a window glass of a building, a glass cabinet, a transparent partition in a house, a vehicle window (such as a front, side, rear, top window, etc.), a partition plate inside a vehicle, etc., where light modulation is achieved. Thus, the amount of light incident on the inside of a building or a vehicle, etc., or the amount of light incident on a predetermined area inside a building or a vehicle, etc. can be controlled.

[0065] Next, each component of the light modulator 1 will be described.

[0066] like Figure 1As shown, the light control body 1 of this embodiment is in the form of a light control member 10 integrally sandwiched between a pair of transparent members (a first transparent member 41 and a second transparent member 42) via a first bonding layer 43 and a second bonding layer 44 (so-called laminated glass).

[0067] The first transparent component 41, the first bonding layer 43, the dimming component 10, the second bonding layer 44 and the second transparent component 42 are arranged along the thickness direction of the dimming body 1. Figure 1 In the drawings, they are stacked in this order from the top.

[0068] First, a pair of transparent components will be described. The pair of transparent components (first transparent component 41, second transparent component 42) preferably uses a material with high visible light transmittance of 90% or more in a manner that allows external light to fully transmit without blocking the external light from the dimming body. As the material of such a pair of transparent components, inorganic glass such as soda-lime glass or blue plate glass, or resin glass such as polycarbonate and acrylic can be exemplified. When inorganic glass is used in a pair of transparent components, a dimming body 1 with excellent heat resistance and durability can be provided. In addition, when resin glass is used in a pair of transparent components, the dimming body 1 can be made lightweight.

[0069] The pair of transparent members (the first transparent member 41 and the second transparent member 42 ) may be subjected to surface treatment such as hard coating as necessary.

[0070] The visible light transmittance was measured by a spectrophotometer. The spectrophotometer used was "UV-3600i Plus" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The visible light transmittance was measured in accordance with JIS K 0115: 2020. The visible light transmittance was the average value of the transmittance at each wavelength when the measurement wavelength range was set to 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0071] Next, the first bonding layer 43 and the second bonding layer 44 are described. The first bonding layer 43 is disposed between the first transparent component 41 and the dimming component 10 to bond the first transparent component 41 and the dimming component 10 to each other. The second bonding layer 44 is disposed between the second transparent component 42 and the dimming component 10 to bond the second transparent component 42 and the dimming component 10 to each other.

[0072] As such a first bonding layer 43 and a second bonding layer 44, materials having various adhesiveness or cohesiveness can be used. In addition, the first bonding layer 43 and the second bonding layer 44 preferably adopt materials with high visible light transmittance. As a typical bonding layer, a layer formed by PVB (polyvinyl butyral) can be exemplified. Alternatively, the bonding layer can also be a layer formed by EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), COP (cyclic olefin polymer), etc.

[0073] The dimming body 1 of this embodiment is described by taking an example in which the surface shape is a plane shape (i.e., a flat plate shape). However, it is not limited to this, and the dimming body 1 may also be composed of a three-dimensional shape with a curved surface shape. For example, the dimming body 1 may also have a convex shape on one side. The dimming body 1 may appropriately adopt a shape and size corresponding to the object to which it is applied.

[0074] Furthermore, the light control body 1 may be provided in a form in which the light control member 10 is attached to a transparent member such as a plate glass via an adhesive or the like.

[0075] In addition, the dimming body 1 is not limited to the example shown in the figure, and other functional layers that are expected to play a specific function may also be provided. In addition, one functional layer may play two or more functions. For example, some functions may be given to at least one of the first transparent component 41 and the second transparent component 42, the first bonding layer 43 and the second bonding layer 44 of the dimming body 1, and the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13 of the dimming component 10 described later.

[0076] Examples of the functions given to the light modulator 1 include an anti-reflection (AR) function, a scratch-resistant hard coating (HC) function, an infrared shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet shielding (reflection) function, and an antifouling function.

[0077] Next, the light control component 10 will be described.

[0078] Figure 2 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of the light control member 10 according to the present embodiment. Figure 2 A cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the light control member 10 of the present embodiment is schematically shown. Figure 2 The arrow d shown is parallel to the thickness direction of the light adjusting member 10 . For easy understanding, the upper side in the drawing is referred to as the +d side, and the lower side in the drawing is referred to as the −d side.

[0079] Figure 3 It is further enlarged to show Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of the first stacked body 12 in the cross section of the dimming component 10 shown.

[0080] The light control member 10 of the present embodiment is formed in a flexible film shape.

[0081] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the light control member 10 is described by taking an example in which the entire shape is a flat plate. In addition, the light control member 10 can also be attached to a transparent member having a curved surface shape such as a sunroof of a vehicle.

[0082] The dimming component 10 can also change the visible light transmittance by applying a voltage. That is, the dimming component 10 adds a dimming function to the dimming body 1 .

[0083] The dimming component 10 includes a first stack 12, a second stack 13, and a liquid crystal layer 14 disposed between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The first stack 12 includes a first substrate 21A and a first orientation layer 23A laminated on the first substrate 21A. The second stack 13 includes a second substrate 21B and a second orientation layer 23B laminated on the second substrate 21B. The first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B are disposed in a manner opposite to each other. The liquid crystal layer 14 also includes liquid crystal molecules, whose orientation is controlled by applying a voltage to an electrode disposed on at least one of the first stack 12 and the second stack 13.

[0084] The dimming means 10 has a wiring (not shown) for connecting to an external power source (not shown). A voltage can be applied from the power source to the dimming means 10 via the wiring.

[0085] The first stacked body 12 includes a first resin layer 31A in which particles 33 are dispersed between the first substrate 21A and the first alignment layer 23A. The first alignment layer 23A includes a plurality of first protrusions 231A on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer 14. The particles 33 are positioned so as to overlap with the first protrusions 231A in the thickness direction of the light control member 10.

[0086] The first alignment layer 23A may be stacked on the first substrate 21A without being in contact with it, but there may be another layer between the first substrate 21A and the first alignment layer 23A. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the first electrode 22A is arranged between the first substrate 21A and the first orientation layer 23A. The first stack 12 of the present embodiment has a first protective layer 32A, a first substrate 21A, a first resin layer 31A, a first electrode 22A, and a first orientation layer 23A stacked in order from the +d side (upper side in the drawing) in the thickness direction (d direction) of the dimming component 10.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, by configuring the first electrode 22A between the first resin layer 31A and the first orientation layer 23A, the transparency of the dimming component 10 can be fully ensured, and the first electrode 22A is configured closer to the liquid crystal layer 14 than the first resin layer 31A, so by applying a voltage to the first electrode 22A, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules can be effectively controlled.

[0088] In addition, a layer of silicon oxide (SiO2) (not shown) may be provided between the first resin layer 31A and the first electrode 22A. By providing the silicon oxide layer, the adhesion between the first electrode 22A and the first resin layer 31A is improved, or the barrier property of the first stack 12 to water vapor or oxygen is improved, and the water vapor transmittance or oxygen transmittance is suppressed.

[0089] Similar to the first stacked body 12, the second alignment layer 23B may not be formed in contact with the second substrate 21B, and another layer may be present between the second substrate 21B and the second alignment layer 23B. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the second electrode 22B is arranged between the second substrate 21B and the second orientation layer 23B. The second stack 13 of the present embodiment has a second protective layer 32B, a second substrate 21B, a second resin layer 31B, a second electrode 22B, and a second orientation layer 23B stacked in order from the -d side (lower side in the drawing) in the thickness direction (d direction) of the light modulating component 10.

[0090] In addition, in the second stacked body 13 , a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) layer may be provided between the second resin layer 31B and the second electrode 22B.

[0091] The dimming component 10 can change the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules of the guest-host liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal layer 14 by driving the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B provided on the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 to change the applied voltage. Thus, the dimming component 10 changes the light amount of the transmitted light. That is, the dimming component 10 is a transmission type dimming component.

[0092] Next, each component of the light control member 10 will be described.

[0093] The first substrate 21A is a member for appropriately supporting the first alignment layer 23A and the first electrode 22A. Similarly, the second substrate 21B is a member for appropriately supporting the second alignment layer 23B and the second electrode 22B.

[0094] The first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B are films made of a resin having high visible light transmittance and flexibility. The first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B may be inflexible depending on the shape of the light modulator 1 or the like.

[0095] As materials for such light-transmitting resin films, for example, there can be exemplified acetyl cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyolefin resins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polymethylpentene and EVA, vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride resins, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), polycarbonate (PC), polyether, polyetherketone (PEK), (meth)acrylonitrile, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), cyclic olefin copolymer and the like resins, and particularly preferred resins are polycarbonate, cyclic olefin polymer and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0096] The first base material 21A and the second base material 21B are preferably formed using a material having a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.

[0097] The thickness of the transparent resin film used as the first base material 21A and the second base material 21B depends on the material thereof, but can be appropriately selected within the range in which the resin film has flexibility.

[0098] The first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B preferably have a thickness of 50 μm or more and 200 μm or less when they are films made of polyethylene terephthalate, for example. With such a thickness, the first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B having excellent strength and optical properties can be obtained. The first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B may be made of the same material, or at least one of the material and the structure may be different from each other.

[0099] Furthermore, the dimming component 10 may include a first protective layer 32A on the surface of the first substrate 21A opposite to the surface on which the liquid crystal layer 14 is stacked, and may include a second protective layer 32B on the surface of the second substrate 21B opposite to the surface on which the liquid crystal layer 14 is stacked.

[0100] The first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B are preferably made of a resin material having flexibility and high visible light transmittance. Typical first protective layer 32A and second protective layer 32B may be layers formed of acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, etc. By providing the first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B, it is possible to suppress the first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B from being sunken or broken, and the weather resistance or pressure resistance of the dimming component 10 can be improved.

[0101] In addition, the surface of the first protective layer 32A opposite to the first substrate 21A and the surface of the second protective layer 32B opposite to the second substrate 21B may also have a hardness coating function. Specifically, the so-called hardness coating function is that the surface of the first protective layer 32A opposite to the first substrate 21A side and the surface of the second protective layer 32B opposite to the second substrate 21B have a hardness of B or more in the pencil hardness in the pencil hardness test according to JIS K 5600-5-4 (1999). If the hardness is too high, when the curvature of the dimming component 10 increases, there is a possibility that the first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B will break. Therefore, even if the first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B are bent in a manner such that the curvature radius (R) becomes 500 mm, it is preferred that they do not break.

[0102] Thus, the first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B have the effect of suppressing numerous fine friction scratches (so-called scratches) from the outside on the first substrate 21A and the second substrate 21B. In addition, when the first resin layer 31A described later is formed on the first substrate 21A, the first protective layer 32A has the effect of suppressing damage to the surface of the first substrate 21A. Similarly, when the second resin layer 31B described later is formed on the second substrate 21B, the second protective layer 32B has the effect of suppressing damage to the surface of the second substrate 21B.

[0103] The first alignment layer 23A and the second alignment layer 23B are layers adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 14 and restrict the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 14. The method for manufacturing the first alignment layer 23A and the second alignment layer 23B is not particularly limited. The first alignment layer 23A and the second alignment layer 23B having liquid crystal alignment capability can be manufactured by any method.

[0104] For example, the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B can also be made by a photo-orientation method in which polarized ultraviolet rays are directly irradiated on a polymer film to selectively orient the polymer chains in the polarization direction. In addition, the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B can also be made by rubbing a resin layer such as polyimide.

[0105] Instead of the first and second alignment layers 23A and 23B formed by rubbing treatment, the first and second alignment layers 23A and 23B may be formed by forming fine linear concave and convex shapes formed by rubbing treatment. In addition, the first and second alignment layers 23A and 23B may not be subjected to rubbing treatment when the liquid crystal layer 14 described later uses the GH method.

[0106] The thickness of the first alignment layer 23A is not less than 0.05 μm and not more than 0.5 μm. Similarly, the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B is not less than 0.05 μm and not more than 0.5 μm. By setting the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B in such a range, a good light transmittance can be ensured as the dimming component 10, and light leakage from the periphery of the beaded spacer 24 caused by the increase in the thickness of the alignment layer can be suppressed.

[0107] In addition, the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B are determined as the average of the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the average of the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B at the number of measurement positions (30 positions) that are considered to reflect the overall tendency. In particular, the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B, which are manufactured by the manufacturing method described later and have the specific structure described here, are determined by the average of the measurement values ​​at 30 points. The thickness of the first alignment layer 23A is measured at a portion other than the first convex portion 231A described later, specifically, at a point where there is a portion separated from the first convex portion 231A by 20 μm or more.

[0108] The thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B are values ​​measured from images of cross sections of the first alignment layer 23A and the second alignment layer 23B taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specifically, the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B are values ​​measured using S-4800TYPE2 of Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation as a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

[0109] like Figure 2 As shown, the first alignment layer 23A includes a plurality of first convex portions 231A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side (-Z side). Figure 2 As shown, the first protrusion 231A appears to at least partially surround the bead spacer 24 and hold the bead spacer 24 . In fact, the first protrusion 231A may not hold the bead spacer 24 .

[0110] The first convex portion 231A is a portion of the first alignment layer 23A that protrudes toward the liquid crystal layer 14. The height h (protrusion height) of the first convex portion 231A, that is, the dimension from the surface of the first alignment layer 23A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side to the vertex of the first convex portion 231A (the point closest to the liquid crystal layer 14 side) in the thickness direction (d direction) of the light modulating member 10 where the first convex portion 231A is not formed, is 0.2 μm or more and 2.0 μm or less. The height h of the first convex portion 231A is more preferably set to 0.4 μm or more and 1.0 μm or less.

[0111] When the height h of the first convex portion 231A is less than 0.2 μm, the surface of the first alignment layer 23A is easily damaged. When the height h of the first convex portion 231A is 0.4 μm or more, the surface of the first alignment layer 23A can be more effectively prevented from being damaged.

[0112] When the height h of the first protrusion 231A is greater than 2.0 μm, when the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 are stacked with the first protrusion 231A and the bead spacer 24 overlapping, the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer 14 in this portion is larger than that in other areas, which is seen to cause liquid crystal unevenness and a poor appearance, and is therefore not preferred.

[0113] Here, the height h of the first convex portion 231A is a value determined as the average height of the number (30) of the first convex portions 231A that are considered to reflect the overall tendency. In particular, the height h of the first convex portion 231A having a specific structure, which is manufactured by the manufacturing method described later and described here, is determined by a scanning white light interferometer. The height of the first convex portion 231A is a value calculated from an image obtained by photographing the surface shape of the first alignment layer 23A using New View 9000 (manufactured by Zygo) as a scanning white light interferometer.

[0114] In the plan view of the dimming member 10, when the total area of ​​the first convex portions 231A is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to S0, the ratio of S1 to S0 may be 0.03% or more, or 0.06% or more. In the plan view of the dimming member 10, when the total area of ​​the first convex portions 231A is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to S0, the ratio of S1 to S0 may be 1.00% or less, or 0.20% or less.

[0115] In the plan view of the dimming member 10, when the total area of ​​the first convex portions 231A is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to S0, the numerical range of the ratio of S1 to S0 may be a combination of one selected from the upper limit option and one selected from the lower limit option. That is, in the plan view of the dimming member 10, when the total area of ​​the first convex portions 231A is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to S0, the ratio of S1 to S0 may be 0.03% to 1.00%, 0.06% to 1.00%, 0.03% to 0.20%, or 0.06% to 0.20%.

[0116] The ratio of S1 to S0 satisfies the above range, thereby reducing the damage to the first orientation layer 23A and fully ensuring the transparency of the dimming component 10. When the ratio of S1 to S0 is less than 0.03%, the number of first convex portions 231A is small, and the distance between adjacent first convex portions 231A increases, so the effect of suppressing the damage to the first orientation layer 23A is reduced. In addition, when the ratio of S1 to S0 is greater than 1.00%, there is a problem of increased haze and reduced transparency of the dimming component 10 in the light-transmitting state. Therefore, the ratio of S1 to S0 preferably satisfies the above range. In addition, the calculation method of the ratio of S1 to S0 will be described later.

[0117] The first resin layer 31A is disposed between the first substrate 21A and the first alignment layer 23A, is a layer in which particles are dispersed, and is a layer for forming the first convex portion 231A of the first alignment layer 23A. Figure 3 As shown, the particle 33 is positioned overlapping with the first convex portion 231A in the thickness direction of the dimming component 10. Figure 3 As shown, the first resin layer 31A includes a plurality of particles 33 protruding toward the liquid crystal layer 14. In other words, the particles 33 protrude from the first resin layer 31A, thereby forming the first convex portion 231A of the first alignment layer.

[0118] The surface of the first resin layer 31A on the first orientation layer 23A side may also have a hardness coating function. The so-called hardness coating function is specifically that the surface of the first resin layer 31A opposite to the first substrate 21A side has a hardness of B or above according to the pencil hardness test according to JIS K 5600-5-4 (1999). Among them, if the hardness is too high, there is a possibility that the first resin layer 31A will break when the curvature of the dimming component 10 increases. Therefore, the first resin layer 31A is preferably not broken even if it is bent in a manner such that the radius of curvature (R) becomes 500mm. As a result, when the first substrate 21A applies force from the liquid crystal layer 14 side, the first resin layer 31A can protect the first substrate 21A and improve the pressure resistance of the first substrate 21A. That is, it is possible to suppress the depression or breakage of the first substrate 21A, and improve the weather resistance or heat resistance of the dimming component 10.

[0119] The first resin layer 31A has particles 33 dispersed in a resin material. As the resin material, a flexible and transparent resin material is preferably used. The first resin layer 31A can retain the particles 33 by dispersing the particles in the resin material. When the particles 33 are dispersed in the first orientation layer 23A instead of the first resin layer 31A, the thickness of the first orientation layer 23A is 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the thickness is as thin as 0.1 μm, there is a high possibility that the particles 33 are easily detached due to external impact or the like. As the resin material, an ultraviolet curing resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyurethane resin, or a silicone resin is preferred.

[0120] The thickness of the first resin layer 31A is not less than 0.5 μm and not more than 5.0 μm. By setting the thickness of the first resin layer 31A to such a thickness, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the particles 33 from falling off and to stably hold the particles 33 .

[0121] The thickness of the first resin layer 31A is a value determined by averaging the thickness of the first resin layer 31A at a number of measurement positions (30 positions) that are considered to reflect the overall tendency. Specifically, the thickness of the first resin layer 31A having a specific structure described here is determined by averaging the values ​​measured at 30 positions. The first resin layer 31A is a value measured at a portion excluding the particles 33 protruding from the first resin layer 31A, specifically, at a point at a portion that is 20 μm or more away from the protruding particles 33.

[0122] The thickness of the first resin layer 31A is measured by taking an image of a cross section of the first resin layer 31A using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specifically, the thickness of the first alignment layer 23A and the thickness of the second alignment layer 23B are calculated using a Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation S-4800TYPE2 scanning electron microscope (SEM).

[0123] The particles 33 are spherical or substantially spherical. The particle size (diameter of the particles) is preferably larger than the thickness of the first resin layer 31A. By setting the particles 33 to such a particle size, Figure 3 As shown, the particles 33 may protrude from the first resin layer 31A. By setting the particles 33 to be spherical, the protrusion height of the particles 33 from the first resin layer 31A can be made uniform, and the height of the first convex portion 231A of the first alignment layer 23A formed by the particles 33 can be made uniform.

[0124] In the present embodiment, the particles 33 are arranged irregularly in the plan view of the light control member 10 , but the present invention is not limited thereto and the particles 33 may be arranged regularly.

[0125] The particles 33 preferably use fillers, and more preferably use microfillers with an average particle size of 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. In addition, the particles 33 preferably have sufficient hardness. The material of the particles 33 is a resin material, preferably an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, a polyurethane resin, or the like.

[0126] Furthermore, the particles 33 may be colored in a predetermined color according to the use environment of the light control component 10 and the like.

[0127] The protrusion height h0 of the particle 33 from the first resin layer 31A, that is, the dimension from the surface of the first resin layer 31A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side to the vertex of the particle 33 (the point closest to the liquid crystal layer 14 side) in the thickness direction (d direction) of the dimming component where the particles 33 are not dispersed, is 0.2μ to 2.0μm. The protrusion height h0 of the particle 33 from the first resin layer 31A is preferably set to 0.4μm to 1.0μm. In addition, since the thickness of the first electrode 22A and the thickness of the first orientation layer 23A described later are thinner than the protrusion height h0 of the particle 33 from the first resin layer 31A, the protrusion height h0 of the particle 33 from the first resin layer 31A is considered to correspond to the height h (protrusion height) of the first convex portion 231A.

[0128] By setting the protrusion height h0 of the particle 33 from the first resin layer 31A to such a size, it is possible to ensure a sufficient height of the first convex portion 231A formed in the first alignment layer 23A.

[0129] In the top view of the dimming component 10, when the total area of ​​the particles 33 is A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is A0, the ratio of A1 to A0 may be 0.03% or more, or 0.06% or more. In the top view of the dimming component 10, when the total area of ​​the particles 33 is A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is A0, the ratio of A1 to A0 may be 1.00% or less, or 0.20% or less. In the top view of the dimming component 10, when the total area of ​​the particles 33 is A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is A0, the numerical range of the ratio of A1 to A0 may be a combination of one selected from the upper limit option and one selected from the lower limit option. That is, when the total area of ​​the particles 33 is A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is A0 in a plan view of the dimming component 10, the ratio of A1 to A0 may be 0.03% to 1.00%, 0.06% to 1.00%, 0.03% to 0.20%, or 0.06% to 0.20%. The ratio of A1 to A0 indicates the ratio of the total area of ​​the particles 33 to the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 in a plan view of the dimming component 10.

[0130] The calculation method of the ratio of A1 to A0 in the top view of the light-adjusting component 10 is described. The ratio of A1 to A0 is a value calculated from the ratio of the area of ​​the particle 33 to the unit area of ​​the first resin layer 31A as given by the following formula. In the present embodiment, the ratio of A1 to A0 is calculated by the area of ​​the particle 33 per 1 mm2 of the first resin layer 31A. 2 That is, in the first resin layer 31A, 1 mm 2 The ratio of A1 to A0 is calculated by dividing the cross-sectional area (mm) of each particle 33 by 2 ) and the particles 33 are 1 mm thick in the first resin layer 31A. 2 Multiply the number of occupancy by 1 mm 2 The calculated value is multiplied by 100.

[0131] Ratio of A1 to A0 (%) = {cross-sectional area per particle 33 (mm 2 / piece) × number of particles 33 in a unit area (pieces) / unit area (mm 2 )×100

[0132] The calculation method of the cross-sectional area of ​​each particle 33 is described. The cross-sectional area of ​​each particle 33 is calculated according to the particle size of the particle 33 as shown in the following formula. The particle size of the particle 33 is determined by a method of focused ion beam (FIB) processing and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. The method of combining FIB processing and SEM observation is called FIB-SEM method. The particle size of the particle 33 is measured from the image of the cross section of the first resin layer 31A obtained by the FIB-SEM method. The image of the cross section of the first resin layer 31A is obtained by repeating FIB processing and cross-sectional SEM observation 100 times at intervals of 50 nm.

[0133] Cross-sectional area of ​​particle 33 = (particle diameter of particle 33 / 2) 2 ×Pi

[0134] The number of particles 33 per unit area is determined from an image of the first resin layer 31A taken by an optical microscope in a top view of the first laminate 12. That is, the number of particles 33 per unit area is counted from an image of the first resin layer 31A taken by an optical microscope in a top view of the first laminate 12. In addition, the particles 33 are dispersed in the first resin layer 31A, and sometimes an interference portion is confirmed around the particles 33, but the interference portion is not included in the number of particles 33 per unit area.

[0135] In this embodiment, the particles 33 are located within 1 mm of the first resin layer 31A. 2The number of the occupied portions is calculated by counting the number of the first resin layers 31A from an image captured by an optical microscope in a plan view of the first laminate 12 .

[0136] The particles 33 are positioned so as to overlap with the first convex portion 231A in the thickness direction of the light-adjusting member 10. In other words, the particles 33 protrude from the first resin layer 31A, thereby forming the first convex portion 231A of the first alignment layer 23A. That is, in a plan view of the light-adjusting member 10, when the total area of ​​the first convex portion 231A is set to S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to S0, the ratio of S1 to S0 corresponds to the ratio of A1 to A0 when the total area of ​​the particles 33 is set to A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is set to A0. In other words, the ratio of S1 to S0 is a value determined by calculating the ratio of A1 to A0.

[0137] In the top view of the dimming component 10, assuming that the total area of ​​the particles 33 is A1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 14 is A0, the ratio of A1 to A0 can be, as described above, 0.03% to 1.00%, 0.06% to 1.00%, 0.03% to 0.20%, or 0.06% to 0.20%. The ratio of A1 to A0 satisfies the above range, so that the ratio of S1 to S0 can be expressed as the same ratio. That is, the ratio of A1 to A0 satisfies the above range, so that the ratio of S1 to S0 also satisfies the above range, which can reduce the damage to the first orientation layer 23A and fully ensure the transparency of the dimming component 10.

[0138] The second resin layer 31B may also be disposed between the second substrate 21B and the second orientation layer 23B. The material of the second resin layer 31B may be the same as or different from the resin material of the first resin layer 31A. In addition, the second resin layer 31B is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the second substrate 21B, and may have a hardness coating function similar to the first resin layer 31A. Thus, when a force is applied to the second substrate 21B from the liquid crystal layer 14 side, the second resin layer 31B may protect the second substrate 21B, and may improve the pressure resistance of the second substrate 21B. That is, the depression or breakage of the second substrate 21B may be suppressed, and the weather resistance or heat resistance of the dimming component 10 may be improved.

[0139] The first electrode 22A is disposed between the first substrate 21A and the first alignment layer 23A, and the second electrode 22B is disposed between the second substrate 21B and the second alignment layer 23B. Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the first electrode 22A is arranged on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the first resin layer 31A. Similarly, the second electrode 22B is arranged on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the second resin layer 31B. The first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B can be applied to transparent metal films of tin oxide series, indium oxide series, and zinc oxide series, for example. Examples of tin oxide (SnO2) series include Nesser (tin oxide SnO2), ATO (Antimony Tin Oxide: antimony-doped tin oxide), and FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide). Examples of indium oxide (In2O3) series include indium oxide, ITO (Indium Tinoxide: indium tin oxide), and IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide: indium zinc oxide). Examples of zinc oxide (ZnO) series include zinc oxide, AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide), and GZO (gallium-doped zinc oxide).

[0140] The arrangement of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B is not particularly limited, and the electrodes may be arranged only at predetermined positions by patterning, or the electrodes may be arranged over the entire surface.

[0141] According to the voltage applied to the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B, an electric field is formed that acts on the liquid crystal layer 14 disposed between the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B, and the alignment of liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal layer 14 is controlled.

[0142] The visible light transmittance of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B is preferably 50% or more. In the present embodiment, the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B are formed of a transparent metal thin film as described above, and are so-called transparent electrodes.

[0143] The thickness of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B is 0.03 μm or more and 0.05 μm or less. In particular, if the thickness of the first electrode 22A is too large, the height of the first convex portion 231A based on the particles 33 from the first resin layer 31A becomes small, so it is preferable to satisfy the above range. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B is, for example, 0.05 μm.

[0144] The liquid crystal layer 14 is disposed between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 14 is disposed between the first alignment layer 23A and the second alignment layer 23B. The liquid crystal layer 14 can use, for example, a VA (Vertical Alignment) method, a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, an IPS (In Plane Switching) method, an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) method, or a GH (Guest Host) method.

[0145] In this embodiment, as an example, the liquid crystal layer 14 uses the GH method. When the GH method is used, the liquid crystal layer 14 contains liquid crystal molecules and a dichroic dye composition as a guest-host liquid crystal composition. In addition, when the GH method is used, the liquid crystal layer 14 can also contain a chiral agent so that the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally oriented and oriented in a spiral shape in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer 14.

[0146] The dimming component 10 having the GH-type liquid crystal layer 14 can perform dimming by mimicking the orientation of liquid crystal molecules with a dichroic dye. Therefore, for example, unlike a reflective liquid crystal display device, even if the dimming component 10 has the particles 33, the dimming of the dimming component 10 is less affected by the scattering of light caused by the concavo-convex formation formed by the particles 33, that is, the first convex portion 231A.

[0147] Furthermore, the liquid crystal layer 14 contains a chiral agent, so that light leakage in the light-shielded state can be more effectively suppressed.

[0148] By applying a voltage to at least one of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B through wiring, an electric field is formed, and the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 14 can be changed by the action of the electric field. The polarization direction of light passing through the liquid crystal layer 14 can be changed by the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0149] The dimming component 10 can be configured as a normally black structure by configuring the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B as horizontal orientation layers with a pre-tilted orientation limiting force set in a certain direction in order to orient the guest-host liquid crystal composition in a light-shielding state when there is no electric field. In addition, the dimming component 10 can also be configured as a normally white structure that is in a light-shielding state when an electric field is applied. Here, the so-called normally black structure is a structure in which the transmittance is the minimum when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, and the light-shielding state. The so-called normally white structure is a structure in which the transmittance is the maximum when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal, and the light-transmitting state.

[0150] For example, when a GH-type liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal layer 14 and is normally black, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic pigment composition are horizontally arranged relative to the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B, blocking light. As voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic pigment composition change from horizontal to vertical relative to the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B, and the visible light transmittance increases. Moreover, when voltage is fully applied, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic pigment composition are vertically arranged relative to the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B, transmitting light. In this way, the dimming component 10 can adjust the visible light transmittance by controlling the applied voltage to change the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 14.

[0151] In the present embodiment, the dimming component 10 is configured as a normally black structure that forms a light-shielding state when there is no electric field. In such a dimming component 10, light leakage becomes significant particularly when light is shielded. Therefore, by configuring the dimming component 10 as a normally black structure that forms a light-shielding state when there is no electric field, the effect of suppressing light leakage can be improved.

[0152] For the liquid crystal layer 14 , as the liquid crystal compound having no polymerizable functional group, a nematic liquid crystal compound, a discotic liquid crystal compound, and a cholesteric liquid crystal compound can be used.

[0153] As nematic liquid crystal compounds, for example, biphenyl compounds, triphenyl compounds, phenylcyclohexyl compounds, biphenylcyclohexyl compounds, phenylcyclohexylcyclohexane compounds, trifluoro compounds, phenyl benzylcarbonate compounds, cyclohexylbenzylcarbonate compounds, phenylbenzylcarbonate compounds, cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid phenyl compounds, imine compounds, azo compounds, and azoxy compounds, stilbene compounds, diphenylacetylene compounds, ester compounds, cyclohexylcyclohexane compounds, phenylpyrimidine compounds, biphenylpyrimidine compounds, pyrimidine compounds, and diphenylacetylene compounds.

[0154] Examples of discotic liquid crystal compounds include ferroelectric polymer liquid crystal compounds such as acrylic resins, polymethacrylates, polychloroacrylic acid, polyethylene oxides, polysiloxanes, and polyesters. Examples of cholesteric liquid crystal compounds include cholesterol oleate, cholesterol linoleate, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, and polypeptides.

[0155] Examples of dichroic dyes used in the GH method include dyes that are soluble in liquid crystals and have high dichroism, for example, dichroic dyes such as azo, anthraquinone, quinophthalone, perylene, indigo, thioindigo, cyanine, styrene, azomethine, and tetrazine.

[0156] In addition, in the light-transmitting state, the scenery or the like seen through the dimming component 10 is expected to appear clear, and therefore the haze value in the light-transmitting state is expected to be low. Specifically, the haze value in the light-transmitting state of the dimming component 10 is expected to be 10% or less, and more expected to be 5% or less. In order to achieve such a low haze value, it is expected that no polymerizable compound is mixed in the liquid crystal mixture.

[0157] The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 3 μm to 20 μm, preferably 5 μm to 15 μm. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to the size of the space between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 secured by the bead spacers 24. Here, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14 is a value determined by averaging the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 14 at a number of measurement positions (30 locations) that are considered to reflect the overall tendency.

[0158] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the seal 25 surrounds the liquid crystal layer 14 in a circumferential shape. That is, the seal 25 divides the liquid crystal layer 14. Figure 2 As shown, the seal 25 is provided between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The seal 25 prevents the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 14 from leaking out from between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13, and also achieves the effect of bonding with the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 to fix the two to each other. The seal 25 can be formed of, for example, a thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin or acrylic resin, or an ultraviolet curing resin.

[0159] The beaded spacer 24 ensures a space between the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13. The space is filled with a liquid crystal material containing liquid crystal molecules to form a liquid crystal layer 14. The liquid crystal layer 14 controls the phase modulation amount of the transmitted light, and therefore, a certain thickness is required between the first stacked body 12 and the second stacked body 13. Therefore, the beaded spacer 24 is preferably spherical.

[0160] The diameter of the bead spacer 24 is, for example, 3 μm to 20 μm, preferably 5 μm to 15 μm. Here, the diameter of the bead spacer 24 is determined by averaging the diameters of a number (30) of bead spacers 24 that are considered to reflect the overall tendency. In particular, the diameter of the bead spacer 24 described here is the average of 30 measured values.

[0161] When the diameter of the bead spacer 24 is set to less than 3 μm, the height h of the first convex portion 231A is 0.2 μm or more and 2.0 μm or less, and thus the function of the bead spacer 24 cannot be realized. In addition, when the diameter of the bead spacer 24 is greater than 20 μm, the bead spacer 24 is easily visible when the dimming component 10 is used, the appearance of the dimming component 10 is deteriorated, the packaging amount of the liquid crystal material increases, and the manufacturing cost of the dimming component 10 increases. In addition, the diameter of the bead spacer 24 is measured by the laser diffraction method.

[0162] In addition, the surface density of the bead-shaped spacers 24 in a plan view is, for example, 30 pieces / mm 2 〕Above 160〔pcs / mm 2 〕 or below. In addition, when the bead spacers are uniformly dispersed throughout the dimming component 10, the surface density of the bead spacers is calculated by counting the number of bead spacers 24 included in a region (e.g., 1 mm square) of the dimming component 10. In particular, the surface density of the bead spacers 24 in the dimming body 1 manufactured by the manufacturing method described below is a value calculated from the number of bead spacers 24 included in a 1 mm square.

[0163] When the bead spacers 24 are aggregated, that is, when a plurality of bead spacers 24 form a mass, the aggregate of the bead spacers 24 , that is, the mass of the bead spacers 24 , is counted as one bead spacer 24 .

[0164] A plurality of bead spacers 24 are discretely arranged between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The bead spacers 24 may be uniformly dispersed or non-uniformly dispersed between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The bead spacers 24 are formed of an inorganic material such as silica, an organic material such as acrylic resin, or a core / shell structure of a combination thereof.

[0165] In addition to the bead-shaped spacers 24, columnar spacers or the like may be disposed between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The shape of the spacer is not limited as long as a space can be ensured between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. The columnar spacer can be formed at a desired position using photolithography technology.

[0166] (Regarding the Surface Roughness of the First Stacked Body 12 and the Second Stacked Body 13)

[0167] Samples 1 and 2 corresponding to the first laminate 12 of the present embodiment and samples 3 and 4 corresponding to the second laminate 13 of the present embodiment were prepared, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was measured as the surface roughness of both surfaces.

[0168] Samples 1 and 2 are stacked in this order from the liquid crystal layer 14 side, including a first alignment layer 23A, a first electrode 22A, a silicon oxide (SiO2) layer, a first resin layer 31A, a first substrate 21A, and a first protective layer 32A. In addition, in samples 1 and 2, particles 33 are dispersed in the resin material of the first resin layer 31A, and the first convex portion 231A is formed by the particles 33. In samples 1 and 2, the thickness of the first substrate 21A is different.

[0169] Samples 3 and 4 are stacked in this order from the liquid crystal layer 14 side, the second alignment layer 23B, the second electrode 22B, the silicon oxide (SiO2) layer, the second resin layer 31B, the second substrate 21B, and the second protective layer 32B. Bead-shaped spacers 24, which are spherical spacers, are dispersed on the second alignment layer 23B. In addition, the thickness of the second substrate 21B is different in samples 3 and 4.

[0170] In samples 1 to 4, the thickness of the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B is 0.1 μm, the thickness of the first electrode 22A and the second electrode 22B is 30 nm, the thickness of the SiO2 layer is 15 nm, and the thickness of the first protection layer 32A and the second protection layer 32B is 1.0 μm.

[0171] The thickness of the first resin layer 31A of samples 1 and 2 was 1.4 μm, and the thickness of the second resin layer 31B of samples 3 and 4 was 1.8 μm.

[0172] The thickness of the first substrate 21A of Sample 1 was 125 μm, and the thickness of the first substrate 21A of Sample 2 was 188 μm. In addition, the thickness of the second substrate 21B of Sample 3 was 125 μm, and the thickness of the second substrate 21B of Sample 4 was 188 μm.

[0173] The average particle size of the particles 33 of Samples 1 and 2 was 1.8 μm.

[0174] The average particle size of the bead spacers 24 of Samples 3 and 4 was 12 μm.

[0175] Samples 1 and 2 both satisfy the condition that the ratio of the area A1 of the particles 33 or the total area of ​​the particles to the area A0 of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 0.03% or more and 1.00% or less in plan view. In addition, samples 3 and 4 both satisfy the condition that the surface density of the bead spacers 24 is 30 [pieces / mm 2 〕Above 160〔pcs / mm 2 〕The following conditions.

[0176] Samples 1 to 4 were prepared, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface on the alignment layer side and the surface on the protective layer side of each sample was measured three times using a white interference type layer cross-section measuring device "VertScan R5500GML-A150-AC" manufactured by Ryoka Systems Co., Ltd. The measurement conditions and the like are as follows.

[0177] Single visual field measurement

[0178] Objective lens: 2.5 times, tubular lens: 1 times

[0179] Zoom lens: No relay

[0180] Wavelength selection filter: 530white

[0181] Measurement mode: Wave mode

[0182] Polarizing filter: No

[0183] Surface correction: 4 times

[0184] [Table 1]

[0185]

[0186] [Table 2]

[0187] Table 1 is a table showing the measurement results and average values ​​of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface on the first orientation layer 23A side of samples 1 to 4. Table 2 is a table showing the measurement results and average values ​​of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface on the first protective layer 32A side of samples 1 to 4. Tables 1 and 2 also show the measurement results of three times and their average values.

[0188] As shown in Table 1, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface on the first orientation layer 23A side, i.e., the surface on which the first convex portion 231 is formed, of the first stack 12 as samples 1 and 2 as examples is 44 nm and 39 nm, respectively. In addition, in samples 3 and 4 as examples of the second stack 13, in which the bead spacers 24 are dispersedly arranged in the second orientation layer 23B, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface on which the bead spacers 24 are arranged is 28 nm and 33 nm, respectively.

[0189]

[0190] As shown in Table 2, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surfaces on the first protective layer 32A side of Samples 1 and 2 and the surfaces on the second protective layer 32B side of Samples 3 and 4 were both 4 to 5 nm.

[0191] (Effect of convex part, etc.)

[0192] Generally speaking, the orientation layer is formed by coating the material forming the orientation layer on a transparent electrode and drying it. As in the past, in the first stacked body in which the first resin layer 31A does not have the particles 33, the surface of the first orientation layer 23A is planar. Therefore, in the manufacturing process after the material forming the first orientation layer 23A is coated and dried, when objects such as guide rollers contact and rub the surface, the contact area becomes larger, and the surface of the first orientation layer 23A is susceptible to multiple damages of various sizes in a wide range. Such damage causes the liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal layer 14 at the position corresponding to the damage to be oriented in an unintended predetermined direction. Therefore, in the dimming component using the first stacked body 12 with a damaged first orientation layer 23A, the uneven orientation of the liquid crystal leads to an uneven state of the transmitted light, resulting in a poor appearance and a significant reduction in the quality of the product.

[0193] Figure 4 1 is a diagram showing a state in which an object 60 is in contact with the surface of the first stacked body 12 on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the present embodiment. Figure 4 In FIG. 1 , the cross section of the first stacked body 12 is further enlarged and shown.

[0194] In the present embodiment, the first resin layer 31A contains the particles 33 , thereby forming a plurality of first protrusions 231A on the surface of the first orientation layer 23A.

[0195] Therefore, in the first stacked body 12 of the present embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, when the object 60 contacts the surface of the first alignment layer 23A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side, if the object 60 is a member with high hardness such as a guide roller, the top of the first convex portion 231A contacts the object 60 at point t, and the contact area can be reduced. Assuming such contact, even if the surface of the first alignment layer 23A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side is damaged or peeled off due to friction, the damage can be reduced to a level that is difficult to see, and the uneven state of the transmitted light caused by the damage is not easy to see.

[0196] In addition, for example, when the object 60 is a flexible member such as a flexible member, the first orientation layer 23A of the present embodiment may also contact such an object 60 between the first convex portions 231A and the first convex portions 231A. However, in the first stacked body 12 of the present embodiment, the contact area with the object 60 can be made smaller than that of the conventional first orientation layer without the first convex portion 231A, and damage to the surface of the first orientation layer 23A can be suppressed.

[0197] In particular, in this embodiment, the height h of the first protrusion 231A (see Figure 3 ) is not less than 0.2 μm and not more than 2.0 μm, and more preferably not less than 0.4 μm and not more than 1.0 μm, so that damage can be effectively suppressed and uneven orientation of liquid crystal can also be suppressed.

[0198] Therefore, according to the present embodiment, damage generated on the surface of the first alignment layer 23A during the manufacturing process or the like can be significantly reduced, and poor appearance due to the damage can be reduced.

[0199] Furthermore, in the light control component 10 of the present embodiment, the first resin layer 31A includes the particles 33 . Therefore, as described below, it is possible to suppress uneven brightness when strong light is incident in the light-shielding state, thereby achieving an excellent appearance.

[0200] Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing a state of observing the light control member 10 of the present embodiment and the light control member 101 of the comparative example. Figure 5 2 shows that the dimming components 10 and 101 are both set to a light-shielding state, and an observer O observes the dimming components 10 and 101 when strong light L such as sunlight is incident from the front side of the dimming components 10 and 101.

[0201] Figure 6 The diagram schematically shows the distribution of the bead-like spacers 24 in the plan view of the light control member 10 of the present embodiment and the light control member 101 of the comparative example. Figure 6 (a) shows the dimming component 10 of this embodiment, Figure 6 (b) shows a light-adjusting component 101 of a comparative example in which the first resin layer 31A does not include the particles 33. Figure 6 In the dimming component 10 shown in (a), only the bead spacer 24 and the particle 33 are shown. Figure 6 In the dimming component 101 shown in (b), only the bead-shaped spacer 24 is shown.

[0202] like Figure 6 As shown, in the dimming components 10 and 101 of the present embodiment and the comparative example, the bead spacers 24 are irregularly arranged between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. Therefore, a region ( Figure 6 The region R1 shown in (b)), the region where the bead spacers 24 are sparsely arranged, and especially the region where the bead spacers 24 are not arranged ( Figure 6 The area R2 shown in (b)).

[0203] In this state, if Figure 5 As shown, when the dimming components 10 and 101 are set to a light-shielding state and an observer O observes the dimming components 10 and 101 incident with strong light L such as sunlight, in the dimming component 101 of the comparative example, the area (area R1) where the bead spacers 24 are densely arranged is observed brightly, and the area (area R2) where the bead spacers 24 are not arranged is observed darkly, resulting in uneven brightness.

[0204] This is because part of the incident light is reflected at the contour of the bead spacer 24, and the amount of light transmitted at the contour increases. Therefore, in the light control component 101 of the comparative example, the area (area R1) where the bead spacers 24 are densely packed is brightly observed, and the area (area R2) where the bead spacers are sparse is darkly observed. Such uneven brightness causes poor appearance and reduces the color of the light control body, and is therefore not preferred.

[0205] In contrast, in the dimming component 10 of the present embodiment, the first resin layer 31A contains the particles 33, so that a portion of the incident light is reflected at the contour of the particles 33, and the amount of transmitted light is increased, although the amount is small. As a result, in the dimming component 10 of the present embodiment, the region (region R2) where the bead spacers 24 are loose can be made bright.

[0206] Therefore, in the present embodiment, even when strong light is incident in the light-shielding state, the dimming member 10 and the dimming body 1 can be provided without brightness unevenness and with good appearance.

[0207] As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a dimming component 10 and a dimming body 1 that suppress damage to the first alignment layer 23A and reduce appearance defects caused by the damage.

[0208] Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce uneven brightness due to the density of the distribution of the bead-like spacers 24 and improve the appearance.

[0209] (Variation)

[0210] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made, which are also within the scope of the present invention.

[0211] (1) In the embodiment, the particles 33 included in the first resin layer 31A may be nanofillers 34 having a smaller particle size.

[0212] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of a cross section of a first stacked body 12 showing a modification.

[0213] like Figure 7 As shown, the first resin layer 31A of the first laminate 12 of the modification is dispersed with nanofillers 34. The nanofillers 34 are spherical or substantially spherical, and have an average particle size of 10 nm to 100 nm. Here, for example, the nanofillers 34 have an average particle size of 100 nm.

[0214] Similar to the particles 33 shown in the embodiment, the nanofiller 34 is preferably made of acrylic resin, styrene resin, polyurethane resin or the like.

[0215] On the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the first resin layer 31A in this variation, an aggregation portion 341 where the nanofiller 34 aggregates is formed. On the liquid crystal layer side of the first resin layer 31A, a first alignment layer 23A is formed, and on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the first alignment layer 23A, a first convex portion 231A is formed.

[0216] The height h (protruding height) of the first convex portion 231A, that is, the dimension h from the surface of the first orientation layer 23A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side to the vertex of the first convex portion 231A (the point closest to the liquid crystal layer 14 side) in the thickness direction (d direction) of the dimming component 10 where the first convex portion 231A is not formed, is not less than 0.2 μm and not more than 2.0 μm. The height h of the first convex portion 231A is more preferably not less than 0.4 μm and not more than 1.0 μm. The height h of the first convex portion 231A is a value calculated as the average of the heights of the number (30) of the first convex portions 231A that are considered to reflect the overall tendency. In particular, the height of the first convex portion 231A manufactured by the manufacturing method described later and having the specific structure described here is calculated by a scanning white light interferometer (manufactured by Zygo Corporation: "Zygo"). As a scanning white light interferometer, New View 9000 (manufactured by Zygo Corporation) is used.

[0217] The resin material forming the first resin layer 31A is applied to the surface of the first substrate 21A and cured in a state where the nanofillers 34 are dispersed. At this time, by adjusting various manufacturing conditions, a part of the nanofillers 34 can be aggregated on the surface of the first resin layer 31A to form an aggregated portion 341.

[0218] When the light-adjusting member of such a modified scheme is used, as in the above embodiment, the transparency of the light-adjusting member 10 can be ensured, while the damage of the first alignment layer 23A can be suppressed, and the appearance defect caused by the damage can be suppressed. In addition, when such a modified scheme is used, as in the above embodiment, the brightness unevenness caused by the dispersion density of the bead-shaped spacer 24 can be suppressed.

[0219] (2) In the embodiment, the particles 33 are shown to be dispersed in the first resin layer 31A of the first stack 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the particles 33 may be dispersed in the second resin layer 31B of the second stack 13, or may be possessed by both the first resin layer 31A of the first stack 12 and the second resin layer 31B of the second stack 13.

[0220] When the second resin layer 31B includes the particles 33, when the second orientation layer 23B is formed, convex portions formed by the protrusions of the particles 33 are formed on the surface of the second electrode 22B. By forming the second orientation layer 23B including the bead spacers 24 on the surface of the second electrode 22B having a plurality of such convex portions, it is expected that the dispersibility of the bead spacers 24 will be improved.

[0221] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a modified dimming component 10. Figure 8 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a modified dimming component 10. The second stack 13 includes a second resin layer 31B in which particles 33 are dispersed between the second substrate 21B and the second alignment layer 23B. The second alignment layer 23B includes a plurality of second convex portions 231B on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer 14. The particles 33 are positioned overlapping with the second convex portions 231B in the thickness direction of the dimming component 10.

[0222] The particles 33 are contained in both the first resin layer 31A of the first stack 12 and the second resin layer 31B of the second stack 13. When a plurality of first protrusions 231A and a plurality of second protrusions 231B are formed on the liquid crystal layer 14 side of the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B, the effect of reducing brightness unevenness when strong light is incident in the light-shielding state of the dimming component 10 can be further improved.

[0223] When the particles 33 are dispersed in both the first resin layer 31A and the second resin layer 31B, the height h of the first convex portion 231A and the second convex portion 231B is preferably set to an upper limit of 1.0 μm. In addition, the height of the first convex portion 231A may be different from or the same as the height of the second convex portion 231B. In other words, the particle size of the particles 33 dispersed in the first resin layer 31A and the particle size of the particles 33 dispersed in the second resin layer 31B are preferably set to an upper limit of 1.0 μm. In addition, the particle size of the particles 33 of the first resin layer 31A may be different from or the same as the particle size of the particles 33 of the second resin layer 31B.

[0224] (3) In the embodiment, the first resin layer 31A, the second resin layer 31B, the first protective layer 32A, and the second protective layer 32B are given as examples of having a hard coating function, but the present invention is not limited to this. If sufficient light transmittance and reliability of the product as the dimming component 10 (heat resistance, weather resistance, etc.) can be ensured, the layers may also be provided with other functions.

[0225] In addition, for example, the first protective layer 32A and the second protective layer 32B forming the front and back surfaces of the dimming component 10 may further have other functions such as antifouling, ultraviolet absorption, antistatic, and heat ray absorption, and layers having such functions may be further stacked.

[0226] In addition, for example, the first resin layer 31A may be configured not to have a hard coating function, and a hard coating layer (not shown) may be formed between the first substrate 21A and the first resin layer 31A. Furthermore, a layer having light transmittance and other functions, such as a layer for adjusting the refractive index (refractive index matching layer), may be disposed between the first substrate 21A and the first resin layer 31A, and between the first resin layer 31A and the first electrode 22A.

[0227] Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the dimming component 10 and the dimming body 1 will be described.

[0228] (Method of Manufacturing Light Adjusting Component 10)

[0229] First, the first stack production process and the particle dispersion process are described. The first substrate 21A is prepared, and then the first resin layer 31A is formed. In addition, the first resin layer 31A is produced in the particle dispersion process of dispersing particles 33 in the resin material. Next, on the first resin layer 31A, a first electrode 22A formed of, for example, ITO is formed by sputtering using a sputtering device. At this time, the first electrode 22A can also be patterned in a manner that forms a predetermined pattern shape. The coating liquid of the first orientation layer 23A is applied to the first substrate 21A after the first electrode 22A is formed to produce the first orientation layer 23A. That is, the first stack 12 first forms a first resin layer 31A in which particles 33 are dispersed on the first substrate 21A, and the first electrode 22A is formed on the first resin layer 31A. Then, the composition for forming the first orientation layer 23A is applied to the first electrode 22A, volatilized in a drying furnace, and then an orientation limiting force is applied to the coating film, thereby producing the first orientation layer 23A.

[0230] In this manner, the first stacked body 12 having the first substrate 21A, the first resin layer 31A, the first electrode 22A, and the first alignment layer 23A stacked is prepared. At this time, the first protective layer 32A may be formed on the surface of the first substrate 21A opposite to the surface having the first resin layer 31A formed thereon.

[0231] Next, the second stack production process is described. A second substrate 21B is prepared, and a second electrode 22B, for example, formed of ITO, is formed on the second substrate 21B by sputtering using a sputtering device. At this time, the second electrode 22B may be patterned in a manner such that it becomes a predetermined pattern shape. A coating liquid for a second orientation layer 23B is applied to the second substrate 21B after the second electrode 22B is formed, and the second orientation layer 23B is produced. That is, the second stack 13 first forms a film of the second electrode 22B on the second substrate 21B, and then a composition for forming the second orientation layer 23B is applied to the second electrode 22B, which is volatilized in a drying furnace, and then the second orientation layer 23B is produced by applying an orientation limiting force to the coating film.

[0232] In this manner, the second stacked body 13 having the second substrate 21B, the second electrode 22B, and the second alignment layer 23B stacked is prepared. At this time, the second protective layer 32B may be formed on the surface of the second substrate 21B opposite to the surface having the second electrode 22B formed thereon.

[0233] In addition, the second laminate 13 may also include a second resin layer 31B between the second substrate 21B and the second orientation layer 23B. The second resin layer 31B may also be dispersed with particles 33. In this case, the manufacturing method of the second laminate 13 is the same as that of the first laminate 12, and the second substrate 21B is prepared, and then the second resin layer 31B is formed. In addition, the second resin layer 31B is manufactured in the particle dispersion step of dispersing the resin material particles 33.

[0234] Next, a second electrode 22B, for example, formed of ITO, is formed on the second substrate 21B by sputtering using a sputtering device on the second resin layer 31B. At this time, patterning may be performed in such a way that the transparent electrode becomes a predetermined pattern shape. A coating liquid of the second orientation layer 23B is applied to the second substrate 21B after the second electrode is formed, and the second orientation layer 23B is produced. That is, the second stack 13 first forms a second resin layer 31B in which particles 33 are dispersed on the second substrate 21B, and a film of the second electrode 22B is formed on the second resin layer 31B. Then, the composition for forming the second orientation layer 23B is applied to the second electrode 22B, volatilized in a drying furnace, and then the second orientation layer 23B is produced by applying an orientation limiting force to the coating film.

[0235] In this way, the second laminate 13 having the second substrate 21B, the second resin layer 31B, the second electrode 22B, and the second alignment layer 23B is prepared. The second protective layer 32B may be formed on the surface of the second substrate 21B opposite to the surface having the second resin layer 31B formed thereon.

[0236] Next, the liquid crystal material supply process is described. Bead spacers 24 are arranged on the second orientation layer 23B of the second stack 13. The arrangement of the bead spacers 24 can be widely applied to various arrangement methods other than wet / dry dispersion. For example, the bead spacers 24 may be dispersed in a solvent together with a resin component, and the manufactured coating liquid may be locally applied. Then, the bead spacers may be randomly arranged on the second orientation layer 23B by sequentially performing drying and firing processes, and maintained in a manner that is difficult to move. In addition, a portion of the periphery of the bead spacers 24 may be covered by the second orientation layer 23B. In this case, although not shown in the figure, the bead spacers 24 may be bonded to the second orientation layer 23B by an adhesive or the like. In addition, although not shown in the figure, the bead spacers 24 may be arranged on the second electrode 22B, and a portion of the periphery of the bead spacers 24 may also be covered by the second orientation layer 23B. Specifically, the second alignment layer 23B is formed by mixing the bead-shaped spacers 24 with the coating liquid of the second alignment layer 23B, and the bead-shaped spacers 24 can be formed to thinly cover the second alignment layer 23B.

[0237] Next, a sealant 25 is applied to the second alignment layer 23B of the second stack 13 using a dispenser. The sealant 25 is applied in a frame shape so as to surround the portion where the liquid crystal layer 14 is formed. The material of the sealant 25 is a viscous liquid material having adhesiveness or viscosity. The material of the sealant 25 forms the sealant 25 by curing.

[0238] Thereafter, a liquid crystal material supplying step is performed to supply a liquid crystal material containing liquid crystal molecules to the region on the second alignment layer 23B surrounded by the seal 25. At this time, the liquid crystal layer 14 is filled inside the region surrounded by the seal 25 and around the bead spacers 24.

[0239] The liquid crystal sandwiching step of laminating the first stack 11 on the second stack 13 will be described.

[0240] Under reduced pressure, the second stack 13 configured with the liquid crystal layer 14 and the first stack 12 prepared in advance are stacked and pressed against each other. When the first stack 12 is stacked on the second stack 13, it can also be smoothed using a roller or the like. Thereafter, the seal 25 is semi-cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays, and then heated, thereby integrating the first stack 12 and the second stack 13. Thereafter, the stack of the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 thus prepared can be cut into a desired size by trimming. A wiring connected to an external power supply is installed between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13 to obtain the dimming component 10 of this embodiment.

[0241] (Method for Manufacturing Light Modulating Body 1)

[0242] The manufacturing method of the dimming body 1 of the present embodiment is described. First, a pair of transparent components (a first transparent component 41 and a second transparent component 42) are prepared. The first bonding layer 43 and the first transparent component 41 are stacked on the first stack 12 side of the dimming component 10, and the dimming component 10 and the first transparent component 41 are bonded. Similarly, the second bonding layer 44 and the second transparent component 42 of the second stack 13 of the dimming component 10 are stacked, and the dimming component 10 and the second transparent component 42 are bonded. In this way, the dimming component 10 and the second transparent component 42 are manufactured. Figure 1 The dimming body 1 is shown.

[0243] Here, when the surface shape of the dimming body 1 is a three-dimensional shape having a curved surface shape, the surface shape of a pair of transparent members (the first transparent member 41 and the second transparent member 42) is pre-shaped into the three-dimensional shape, i.e., the curved surface shape. In addition, the dimming member 10 can also be pre-shaped into a three-dimensional curved surface shape by thermoforming.

[0244] As described above, the dimming component 10 of this embodiment comprises: a first stack 12, which includes a first substrate 21A and a first orientation layer 23A stacked on the first substrate 21A; a second stack 13, which includes a second substrate 21B and a second orientation layer 23B stacked on the second substrate 21B, and the first orientation layer 23A and the second orientation layer 23B are arranged in a manner opposite to each other; and a liquid crystal layer 14, which is arranged between the first stack 12 and the second stack 13, and includes liquid crystal molecules whose orientation is controlled by applying a voltage to electrodes provided on at least one of the first stack 12 and the second stack 13; the first stack 12 includes a first resin layer 31A in which particles 33 are dispersed between the first substrate 21A and the first orientation layer 23A, and the first orientation layer 23A includes a first protrusion 231A on the surface facing the liquid crystal layer 14, and the particles 33 are positioned overlapping with the first protrusion 231A in the thickness direction of the dimming component 10. In such a dimming component 10, the first convex portion 231A exists due to the particles 33 dispersed in the first resin layer 31A. The existence of the first convex portion 231A reduces the surface flatness of the first orientation layer 23A and reduces the contact area with the object 60 such as the guide roller. In addition, the first convex portion 231A of the first orientation layer 23A is formed by overlapping with the particles 33 dispersed in the first resin layer 31A, so that the particles 33 are dispersed in the first orientation layer 23A to form a convex portion, so that the shape of the first convex portion can be stably maintained. Therefore, the dimming component 10 can suppress the surface damage of the first orientation layer 23A on the liquid crystal layer 14 side caused by friction when contacting with the object 60, and can reduce the appearance defects caused by the damage.

[0245] Such light modulator 1 is not limited to the top window of automobile, and also can be used for rear window, side window.In addition, also can be used in transparent parts such as window or door of mobile bodies such as railway vehicle, aircraft, ship, spacecraft etc. outside automobile.

[0246] Furthermore, the dimming body 1 can be used, in addition to mobile bodies, in places that divide indoor and outdoor areas, such as transparent parts of windows or doors of buildings or shops, houses, windows or doors of structures, refrigerators, display cabinets, sheds, and other storage and preservation equipment.

[0247] In the above embodiment, the dimming body 1 is formed by arranging the dimming member 10 between a pair of transparent members (the first transparent member 41 and the second transparent member 42). However, the dimming body 1 may be formed by bonding the dimming member 10 to one transparent member.

[0248] Description of Reference Numerals

[0249] 1 dimmer

[0250] 10Dimming components

[0251] 12 First stacked body

[0252] 13 Second laminate

[0253] 14 Liquid crystal layer

[0254] 21A First substrate

[0255] 21B Second substrate

[0256] 22A first electrode

[0257] 22B Second electrode

[0258] 23A first orientation layer

[0259] 23B Second orientation layer

[0260] 24 Bead spacers

[0261] 25 Seals

[0262] 31A first resin layer

[0263] 31B Second resin layer

[0264] 32A first protection layer

[0265] 32B second protection layer

[0266] 33 pellets

[0267] 231A first convex part

[0268] 231B second convex part

[0269] 41 first transparent part

[0270] 42 second transparent component

[0271] 43 first bonding layer

[0272] 44 second bonding layer

Claims

1. A dimming component, comprising: A first stacked body including a first substrate and a first alignment layer stacked on the first substrate; a second stacked body including a second substrate and a second alignment layer stacked on the second substrate, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer being arranged in such a manner that the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer face each other; as well as a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first stack and the second stack, including liquid crystal molecules, the alignment of which is controlled by applying a voltage to electrodes disposed on at least one of the first stack and the second stack; The first laminate includes a first resin layer in which particles are dispersed between the first substrate and the first alignment layer. The first alignment layer includes a first convex portion on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer. The particles are positioned to overlap with the first protrusions in the thickness direction of the light adjusting member.

2. The dimming component according to claim 1, The height of the first convex portion in the thickness direction of the light adjusting member is greater than or equal to 0.2 μm and less than or equal to 2.0 μm.

3. The dimming component according to claim 1, In a plan view of the light adjusting member, when the total area of ​​the first convex portions is S1 and the area of ​​the liquid crystal layer is S0, a ratio of S1 to S0 is greater than or equal to 0.03% and less than or equal to 1.00%.

4. The dimming component according to claim 1, The particle size of the particles is larger than the thickness of the first resin layer.

5. The dimming component according to claim 1, Regarding the first resin layer, the surface of the first resin layer on the first alignment layer side has a hardness of B or more in terms of pencil hardness.

6. The dimming component according to claim 1, The second laminate includes a second resin layer in which particles are dispersed between the second substrate and the second alignment layer. The second alignment layer includes a second convex portion on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer. The particles are positioned to overlap with the second protrusions in the thickness direction of the light adjusting member.

7. The dimming component according to claim 1, The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of bead-shaped spacers disposed between the first stack and the second stack.

8. The dimming component according to claim 1, It is a transmissive light-adjusting component that adjusts the amount of transmitted light.

9. The dimming component according to claim 1, The liquid crystal layer includes a guest-host liquid crystal composition.

10. The dimming component according to claim 1, It is a light-shielding state with minimum transmittance when there is no electric field.

11. The dimming component according to claim 1, The liquid crystal layer includes a chiral agent.

12. The dimming component according to claim 1, The electrode is a transparent electrode, A first electrode is disposed between the first resin layer and the first alignment layer.

13. A dimming body, comprising: a pair of transparent parts; as well as The light control member according to any one of claims 1 to 12 arranged between the pair of transparent members.

14. A method for manufacturing a dimming component, comprising: A first laminate preparation step of preparing a first laminate including a first substrate, a first alignment layer laminated on the first substrate, and a first resin layer between the first substrate and the first alignment layer; A second stacked body manufacturing step of manufacturing a second stacked body including a second substrate and a second orientation layer laminated on the second substrate; a liquid crystal material supplying step of supplying the liquid crystal material to the surface of the second alignment layer opposite to the second substrate; and a lamination step of laminating the first laminate on the second laminate, The first laminate production step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the first resin layer.

15. A method for manufacturing a dimming component, comprising: a first laminate preparation step of preparing a first laminate including a first substrate, a first orientation layer laminated on the first substrate, and a first resin layer between the first substrate and the first orientation layer; a second laminate preparation step of preparing a second laminate including a second substrate, a second orientation layer laminated on the second substrate, and a second resin layer between the second substrate and the second orientation layer; a liquid crystal material supplying step of supplying the liquid crystal material to the surface of the second alignment layer opposite to the second substrate; and a liquid crystal clamping step of laminating the first stacked body on the second stacked body, The first laminate preparation step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the first resin layer. The second laminated body manufacturing step includes a particle dispersing step of dispersing particles in the second resin layer.

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