Intelligent high-efficiency low-loss ginger combine harvester and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent efficient low-loss ginger combine harvester and a using method, the combine harvester comprises a rack, a digging mechanism and a clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism, the bottom of the rack is provided with a crawler walking mechanism, and the digging mechanism comprises a lifting platform framework hinged to the front end of the rack and an overturning oil cylinder driving the lifting platform framework to swing up and down; a soil breaking shovel and a soil shaking shovel which are arranged front and back are arranged on the lifting platform framework, and the clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism comprises two stalk conveying belts which are arranged left and right, a counter-rotating pulling device located in front of the stalk conveying belts and a seedling cutting device located below the stalk conveying belts; the stalk conveying belts move circularly, the sides, close to each other, of the two stalk conveying belts are attached to each other and move towards the upper rear portion, and fixed controllable air bags are arranged on the backs of the sides, close to each other, of the two stalk conveying belts. The functions of ginger digging vibration, clamping conveying, soil cleaning, ginger seedling and ginger block separation, ginger block conveying and boxing and the like are completed at a time, the mechanization degree is high, and the ginger harvesting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is the country with the largest ginger planting area and the largest total ginger production in the world. As a daily condiment and a high-value Chinese medicinal material, ginger has the functions of relieving cold, warming the lungs and relieving cough, and detoxifying, and has good economic benefits. At present, my country's ginger production scale and export trade The output of ginger still ranks first in the world. However, in the face of the growing market demand for the ginger industry, my country's ginger harvesting is still mainly manual harvesting. Manual harvesting of ginger has the disadvantages of high work intensity, low efficiency, high cost and extended harvest period, which is not cost-effective for large-scale harvesting. Manual harvesting of ginger first loosens the soil with a shovel or a fork, pulls out the ginger, cuts the stems, and finally packs it in a frame. However, the current level of mechanized production of ginger in China is low, and mechanization has been achieved only in certain operation links. It is impossible to efficiently complete the functions of ginger digging and vibration, clamping and conveying, soil cleaning, separation of ginger stalks and ginger blocks, and ginger block conveying and boxing (manual assistance) at one time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester and a use method thereof.

[0004] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme, and provides an intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester, comprising a frame, a digging mechanism and a clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism, wherein a crawler walking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the frame, the digging mechanism comprises a lifting platform frame hinged at the front end of the frame and a tilting cylinder driving the lifting platform frame to swing up and down, the lifting platform frame is equipped with a soil-breaking shovel and a soil-shaking shovel arranged front and back, the clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism comprises two stalk conveying belts arranged left and right, a counter-rotating extraction device located in front of the stalk conveying belts and a seedling cutting device located below the stalk conveying belts, the stalk conveying belts move cyclically and the sides of the two stalk conveying belts close to each other are fitted and moved backward and upward, and a fixed controllable air bag is provided on the back of the sides of the two stalk conveying belts close to each other.

[0005] As an optimization, the earth-breaking shovel includes two shovel blades arranged left and right, the two shovel blades are arranged in a V shape and the spacing between them gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0006] As an optimization, the soil shaking shovel is hinged to the soil breaking shovel through a soil shaking connecting rod, a soil shaking shovel motor is installed on the lifting platform frame, and a crank hinged to the upper end of the soil shaking shovel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the soil shaking shovel motor.

[0007] As an optimization, the front end of the lifting platform skeleton is fixedly connected to a limited depth wheel support frame, and the lower end of the limited depth wheel support frame is equipped with a limited depth wheel.

[0008] As an optimization, the counter-rotating extracting device includes two extracting rollers arranged left and right and an extracting roller motor driving the two extracting rollers to rotate.

[0009] As an optimization, an aligned seedling cutting device is provided below the stem conveying belt, and the aligned seedling cutting device comprises two guide plates, with a gap between the two guide plates for allowing the ginger stems to pass through.

[0010] As an optimization, the guide plate is an arc-shaped plate, and a rubber pad of the alignment device is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the guide plate.

[0011] As an optimization, the seedling cutting device includes a cutting knife motor and a cutting knife of the seedling cutting device installed on the rotating shaft of the cutting knife motor.

[0012] As an optimization, it also includes a transport and collection mechanism, which includes a ginger block collector and a ginger block collection box, and the ginger block collector is located below the seedling cutting device.

[0013] A method for using an intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester comprises the following steps: a. Insert the soil-breaking shovel into the soil on both sides of the ginger, break the soil as the combine harvester moves, and insert the soil-shaking shovel under the ginger to shake the ginger out of the soil; b. The counter-rotating extraction device pulls the ginger stems from the soil to the stem conveyor belt; c. The stem conveyor belt conveys the ginger stems backward and upward. By adjusting the internal pressure of the controllable airbag, the clamping force at the front end of the two stem conveyor belts is maximized to ensure that the ginger can effectively enter the clamping and conveying area. The clamping force is reduced in the middle of the two stem conveyor belts. The clamping force of the two stem conveyor belts is minimized when they reach the seedling cutting device to ensure that the stems can be effectively detached, thereby ensuring the continuity of the harvesting process; d. The ginger stems are further aligned and aligned with the vine cutting device, and the vine cutting device cuts the stems; e. The cut ginger falls onto the ginger piece collector and is collected into the ginger piece collection box.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester and the use method of the present invention, the heights of the digging mechanism and the clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism can be adjusted to adapt to different working environments, the digging mechanism is designed with an independent soil-breaking shovel and soil-shaking shovel structure, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the soil to the harvester and greatly improve the forward efficiency and mechanical performance, the conveying part pulls the ginger from the soil to the belt clamping end through the counter-rotating extraction device, and the clamping force of the stem conveying belt on the ginger stem can be adjusted by the controllable air bag according to the dryness and wetness of the soil, so as to adapt to different working environments and reduce energy consumption, the ginger stems are further aligned and aligned through the alignment and cutting device, and are cut by the cutting knife, and the ginger pieces will fall onto the ginger collector, and finally they will be manually sorted uniformly, and the cut ginger stems will directly fall on the field, which is convenient for sorting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a rear view of the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a right side view of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable airbag clamping and conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the controllable airbag supporting and conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the alignment device of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the counter-rotating extraction device of the present invention; As shown in the figure: 1. Track roller, 2. Track roller bracket, 3. Hub motor, 4. Drive wheel bracket, 5. Control box assembly, 6. Battery box group, 7. Ginger block collection box, 8. Ginger block collector, 9. Seedling cutting alignment device, 10. Stalk conveying belt, 11. Transmission mechanism support frame, 12. Connecting support frame, 13. Seedling cutting device, 14. Transmission mechanism support frame connecting rod, 15. Walkway, 16. Turnover cylinder, 17. Lifting platform frame, 18. Ultrasonic sensor Device, 19. Counter-rotating extraction device, 20. Soil-breaking shovel, 21. Soil-shaking shovel, 22. Depth-limiting wheel, 23. Guide wheel, 24. Guide wheel bracket, 25. Crawler walking mechanism, 26. Cutter of rice-cutting device, 27. Cutter motor, 29. Controllable air bag, 30. Active roller, 31. Driven roller, 32. Depth-limiting wheel support frame, 33. Ginger block collector motor, 34. Soil-shaking shovel motor, 35. Clamping and conveying mechanism motor, 36. Alignment device rubber pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the intelligent high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester of the present invention comprises a frame, a digging mechanism, a clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism and a transporting and collecting mechanism. The frame described in this embodiment comprises left and right frames, a cross frame and a tail frame. A crawler walking mechanism 25 is installed at the bottom of the frame, and a battery box group 6 and a controller assembly 5 are also installed on the frame. An ultrasonic sensor 18 is installed at the front end of the frame to detect data such as the planting width of ginger in front.

[0018] The crawler walking mechanism 25 is located on both sides of the bottom of the frame, and the crawler walking mechanism 25 includes a supporting wheel 1, a supporting wheel bracket 2, a hub motor 3, a driving wheel bracket 4, a driving wheel, and a crawler. The hub motor 3 drives the driving wheel forward, and then transmits power to the supporting wheel 1 to achieve forward movement. The crawler walking mechanism 25 described here adopts pure electric technology, and each working part of the whole machine is provided with a motor to provide power, thereby ensuring the walking and control of the equipment.

[0019] The digging mechanism includes a lifting platform frame 17 hinged at the front end of the frame and a tilting cylinder 16 that drives the lifting platform frame 17 to swing up and down. The rear end of the lifting platform frame 17 is hinged to the front end of the frame, and the two ends of the tilting cylinder 16 are respectively hinged to the frame and the lifting platform frame 17. The extension and retraction of the tilting cylinder 16 is linked to the ultrasonic sensor 18, so that the up and down position of the digging mechanism is adjusted according to the detection data of the ultrasonic sensor 18.

[0020] The front end of the lifting platform frame 17 is fixedly connected to the depth limiting wheel support frame 32, and the lower end of the depth limiting wheel support frame 32 is equipped with a depth limiting wheel 22. The depth limiting wheel support is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged height adjustment holes, and the depth limiting wheel is installed on the depth limiting wheel support through the height adjustment holes.

[0021] The lifting platform frame 17 is equipped with soil breaking shovels 20 and soil shaking shovels 21 arranged front and back. In this embodiment, the lifting platform frame 17 is equipped with two groups of soil breaking shovels 20 and soil shaking shovels 21 arranged side by side left and right, so that two rows of ginger can be harvested simultaneously.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the soil breaking shovel 20 includes two shovel blades arranged left and right, and the two shovel blades are arranged in a V shape and the spacing gradually decreases from top to bottom. When walking, the soil breaking shovel is inserted into the soil on both sides of the ginger, and the soil is broken as the combine harvester walks, so as to facilitate the subsequent digging of ginger.

[0023] The soil shaking shovel 21 is provided with a plurality of parallel soil shaking metal bars, and the soil shaking shovel moves under the ginger to dig out the ginger and shake off the soil attached to the ginger.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the soil-shaking shovel 21 is hinged to the soil-breaking shovel 20 through a soil-shaking connecting rod. Figure 5 The inclined structural member connected between the middle soil shaking shovel 21 and the soil breaking shovel 20 is a soil shaking connecting rod, the front end of the soil shaking connecting rod is hinged to the soil breaking shovel 20, and the rear end is hinged to the soil shaking shovel 21, so as to realize the shaking of the soil shaking shovel 21.

[0025] In order to realize the power source of shaking, a soil shaking shovel motor 34 is installed on the lifting platform frame 17, and a crank hinged to the upper end of the soil shaking shovel 21 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the soil shaking shovel motor 34. One end of the crank is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the soil shaking shovel motor 34, and the other end is hinged to the upper end of the soil shaking shovel 21, thereby driving the upper end of the soil shaking shovel 21 to swing, realizing the shaking of the entire soil shaking shovel.

[0026] The clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism is the main working unit of the present invention. The conveying mechanism support frame 11 is the basic supporting component of the clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism. The height of the conveying mechanism support frame 11 is adjustable, thereby adjusting the height position of the clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism. In this embodiment, two groups of left and right clamping, conveying and cutting mechanisms are provided, so that two rows of ginger can be harvested simultaneously. The two conveying mechanism support frames 11 are connected by a transmission mechanism support frame connecting rod 14.

[0027] The clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism includes two stem conveying belts 10 arranged left and right, the stem conveying belts 10 are wound between the driven roller 31 and the active roller 30 arranged front and back, the driven roller 31 and the active roller 30 are rotatably connected to the connecting support frame 12, and the active roller 30 is driven to rotate by the clamping conveying mechanism motor 35 to realize the movement of the stem conveying belt 10, the stem conveying belt 10 moves in a circular motion and the sides of the two stem conveying belts 10 that are close to each other are moved backward and upward.

[0028] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, a fixed controllable airbag 29 is provided on the back of the side where the two stalk conveying belts 10 are close to each other. The controllable airbag 29 is installed on the connecting support frame 12. By controlling the air pressure inside the controllable airbag 29, the clamping force between the two stalk conveying belts 10 can be controlled. In addition, a plurality of controllable airbags 29 are provided along the conveying direction of the stalk conveying belt 10, so the clamping force of different conveying areas can be controlled separately.

[0029] The clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism also includes a counter-rotating pulling device 19 located in front of the stem conveying belt 10. The counter-rotating pulling device 19 includes two pulling rollers arranged left and right and a pulling roller motor driving the two pulling rollers to rotate. The rotating shafts of the pulling rollers extend forward and backward, and the sides of the two pulling rollers that are close to each other rotate upward, thereby pulling the ginger stems from the soil to the stem conveying belt 10.

[0030] The clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism also includes a seedling cutting device 13 and an alignment seedling cutting device 9 located below the stem conveying belt 10. The alignment seedling cutting device 9 includes two guide plates, and a gap is provided between the two guide plates for the ginger stems to pass through. The front end of the gap is relatively close to the upper and lower distance of the stem conveying belt 10, and the rear end gradually moves away from the stem conveying belt 10. Figure 8 The guide plate is an arc-shaped plate, so as to facilitate guiding the ginger stem to the middle position. The lower end surface of the guide plate is fixedly connected with an alignment device rubber pad 36 to play a buffering role and prevent damage to the ginger.

[0031] The seedling cutting device 13 includes a cutting knife motor 27 and a cutting knife 26 for the seedling cutting device installed on the rotating shaft of the cutting knife motor 27. The cutting knife 26 for the seedling cutting device is installed above the gap between the two guide plates, one side of the gap is provided with a cutting knife 26 for the seedling cutting device and the cutting knife motor 27 drives the cutting knife 26 for the seedling cutting device to rotate, and the other side is provided with two cutting knives 26 for the seedling cutting device arranged up and down, and the cutting knife 26 for the seedling cutting device 26 on one side is inserted between the two cutting knives 26 on the other side, so as to ensure that the lifting stems passing through can be completely cut off.

[0032] The transport and collection device includes a ginger block collection box 7, a ginger block collector 8, and a walkway 15. The ginger block collector 8 is located below the seedling cutting device 13 and is arranged on the walkway 15. The ginger block collection box 7 is arranged behind the ginger block collector 8. The ginger block collector 8 is powered by a ginger block collector motor 33. The ginger block collector can be a conveyor belt or a vibrating screen or other structures. Finally, the ginger blocks are collected manually, and the ginger stalks will fall directly on one side of the field for easy collection and sorting.

[0033] A method for using an intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester comprises the following steps: a. The soil breaking shovel 20 is inserted into the soil on both sides of the ginger, and the soil is broken as the combine harvester moves. The soil shaking shovel 21 is inserted under the ginger to shake the ginger out of the soil; b. The counter-rotating extraction device 19 pulls the ginger stems from the soil to the stem conveying belt 10; c. The stalk conveying belt 10 conveys the ginger stalks backward and upward, and the clamping force at the front end of the two stalk conveying belts 10 is maximized by adjusting the internal pressure of the controllable airbag 29 to ensure that the ginger can effectively enter the clamping and conveying area, and the clamping force is reduced between the two stalk conveying belts 10. When the two stalk conveying belts 10 reach the seedling cutting device 13, the clamping force is minimized to ensure that the stalks can be effectively detached, thereby ensuring the continuity of the harvesting process; d. The ginger stems are further aligned and aligned by the aligning and cutting device 9, and the stems are cut by the cutting device 13; e. The cut ginger falls onto the ginger piece collector 8 and is collected into the ginger piece collection box 7.

[0034] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent, efficient and low-loss ginger combine harvester, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame, a digging mechanism and a clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism. The bottom of the frame is provided with a crawler walking mechanism (25). The digging mechanism comprises a lifting platform frame (17) hinged at the front end of the frame and a tilting cylinder (16) for driving the lifting platform frame (17) to swing up and down. The lifting platform frame (17) is provided with a soil-breaking shovel (20) and a soil-shaking shovel (21) arranged front and back. The clamping, conveying and cutting mechanism comprises two stalk conveying belts (10) arranged left and right, a counter-rotating extraction device (19) located in front of the stalk conveying belts (10) and a seedling cutting device (13) located below the stalk conveying belts (10). The stalk conveying belts (10) move in a circular motion and the sides of the two stalk conveying belts (10) that are close to each other move backward and upward in contact. The backs of the sides of the two stalk conveying belts (10) that are close to each other are provided with a fixed controllable air bag (29).

2. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The earth-breaking shovel (20) comprises two shovel blades arranged left and right, the two shovel blades being arranged in a V-shape and the spacing between them gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

3. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil shaking shovel (21) is hinged to the soil breaking shovel (20) via a soil shaking connecting rod, and a soil shaking shovel motor (34) is mounted on the lifting platform frame (17). A crank hinged to the upper end of the soil shaking shovel (21) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the soil shaking shovel motor (34).

4. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front end of the lifting platform frame (17) is fixedly connected to a limited depth wheel support frame (32), and the lower end of the limited depth wheel support frame (32) is equipped with a limited depth wheel (22).

5. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The counter-rotating extraction device (19) comprises two extraction rollers arranged left and right and an extraction roller motor driving the two extraction rollers to rotate.

6. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An aligned seedling cutting device (9) is provided below the stem conveying belt (10), and the aligned seedling cutting device (9) comprises two guide plates, with a gap for the ginger stems to pass through being provided between the two guide plates.

7. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The guide plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the lower end surface of the guide plate is fixedly connected to an alignment device rubber pad (36).

8. The intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling cutting device (13) comprises a cutting knife motor (27) and a cutting knife (26) of the seedling cutting device mounted on the rotating shaft of the cutting knife motor (27).

9. The intelligent high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a transport and collection mechanism, the transport and collection mechanism comprising a ginger block collector (8) and a ginger block collection box (7), the ginger block collector (8) being located below the seedling cutting device (13).

10. A method for using the intelligent, high-efficiency and low-loss ginger combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: a. inserting a soil breaking shovel (20) into the soil on both sides of the ginger to break up the soil as the combine harvester moves, and inserting a soil shaking shovel (21) under the ginger to shake the ginger out of the soil; b. The counter-rotating extraction device (19) pulls the ginger stems from the soil onto the stem conveying belt (10); c. The stalk conveying belt (10) conveys the ginger stalks backward and upward, and by adjusting the internal pressure of the controllable airbag (29), the clamping force at the front end of the two stalk conveying belts (10) is maximized to ensure that the ginger can effectively enter the clamping and conveying area, and the clamping force is reduced between the two stalk conveying belts (10). When the two stalk conveying belts (10) reach the seedling cutting device (13), the clamping force is minimized to ensure that the stalks can be effectively detached, thereby ensuring the continuity of the harvesting process; d. The ginger stems are further aligned and aligned by the aligning and cutting device (9), and the stems are cut by the cutting device (13); e. The cut ginger falls onto the ginger piece collector (8) and is collected into the ginger piece collection box (7).

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