Planting method for interplanting maize with Miao medicine polygonum capitatum

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method for interplanting maize with Miao medicine polygonum capitatum. Specifically, the method for planting the polygonum capitatum in the mode of interplanting the corn comprises the following steps of planting site selection, polygonum capitatum seed seedling raising, soil preparation, corn planting, polygonum capitatum seedling transplanting, field management and harvesting. The invention further provides the polygonum capitatum which is obtained by planting the polygonum capitatum in the mode of interplanting the corn. The method disclosed by the invention has excellent effects as described in the specification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and relates to a method for planting Polygonum capitatum seedlings, and in particular to a planting method for increasing the yield and income of Polygonum capitatum by interplanting corn when planting Polygonum capitatum seedlings. Background Art

[0002] The Miao medicine Polygonum capitatum Buch. -Ham. ex D. Don is the dried whole herb or above-ground part of the Polygonaceae plant. It has the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, detoxifying and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and promoting diuresis and relieving stranguria. It is included in the 2019 edition of the Quality Standards for Traditional Chinese and Ethnic Medicinal Materials in Guizhou Province. With the development of the market, the supply of Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials is in short supply. Guizhou has made full use of its own environmental land resources to vigorously develop the intercropping of Polygonum capitatum and corn, which is of great significance to the development of Polygonum capitatum.

[0003] At present, the planting mode of Polygonum capitatum is mainly to develop farmers to plant it. Since Polygonum capitatum is a creeping plant, the land utilization rate is low. Corn not only has a relatively high yield per unit area, but also has a good planting yield-increasing effect, wide adaptability, and low planting cost; and it has a wide variety of varieties, suitable for different production environments and cultivation conditions. It can be planted alone or intercropped with a variety of crops, which can greatly increase the total yield per unit area. The intercropping of Polygonum capitatum and corn not only improves the land utilization efficiency and the quality of Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials, but also increases the economic benefits of growers. The planting and development of Polygonum capitatum has been further promoted.

[0004] The research team of the applicant has made long-term and unremitting efforts in the planting technology of Polygonum capitatum. For example, Chinese patent ZL2013104067082 discloses a planting base selection and planting method of a hot-rinsing granular medicinal material Polygonum capitatum, Chinese patent ZL 2013104071497 discloses a seed treatment method for planting and breeding of hot-rinsing granular medicinal material Polygonum capitatum, Chinese patent ZL 2013104071317 discloses a breeding and seedling raising method of hot-rinsing granular medicinal material Polygonum capitatum, Chinese patent ZL 2013104067326 discloses a planting method of hot-rinsing granular medicinal material Polygonum capitatum, and Chinese patent ZL2013104071355 discloses a harvesting and processing method of hot-rinsing granular medicinal material Polygonum capitatum. These patent documents are incorporated herein by reference. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for planting Polygonum capitatum, and it is expected that this method can improve the planting efficiency of Polygonum capitatum, for example, it can increase the content of physiologically active substances in Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials, for example, it has been unexpectedly found that by using the method of the present invention, one or some purposes can be achieved, and the present invention is completed based on such findings.

[0006] Specifically, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for planting Polygonum capitatum by interplanting corn, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select the planting site The climate is warm and humid, with a small annual temperature change, an annual average temperature of more than 12℃, an annual total accumulated temperature of more than 3000℃, and a frost-free period of more than 270 days / year; there is sufficient rainfall, with an annual average rainfall of more than 1000mm, and a high relative humidity during the growing season (70~90%); the annual average sunshine hours are 1200~1500 hours, with sufficient rainfall in April and May and more sunny days in September and October. The base is 400~1500 meters above sea level, with a slope of less than 30 degrees (the slope in this example is less than 2 degrees, which is usually considered to be without slope); the soil should be fertile, loose, and well-retaining loam or sandy loam, with a pH value of 5.5~7.0, preferably slightly acidic to neutral loam, with a tillage layer of about 20~25cm, more than 100 meters from the road, and no plants of the same genus are planted within 50 meters around; the water and air environment meet the requirements of the GAP base for Chinese medicinal materials; Step 2: Raising Polygonum capitatum seeds 1. Seedling raising time: early January to early February (generally, seedling raising should be completed before the Spring Festival); 2. Site selection: Choose a flat loamy land with access to roads, water, electricity and convenient drainage. At the same time, the surrounding atmospheric environment should meet the national secondary standards, the soil environment should meet the national secondary standards, and the irrigation water quality should meet the national irrigation standards; 3. Land preparation: In the plastic greenhouse, build a seedling bed with bricks that is 1m wide, 20cm high and as long as the greenhouse; fill the seedling bed with 15cm thick fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, then evenly spread 2000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well with the bed soil, and use a scraper to level the bed surface; 4. Sowing: First, water the seedbed thoroughly, at 5g / m 2 Weigh the seeds, mix them evenly with 200-300 times of fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, and then spread them evenly on the seedbed. After spreading, cover them with a layer of mulch to keep them moist. 5. Management during the seedling stage: observe the seedbed and keep the soil moist in the first 15 days. Seedlings will emerge in about 10-15 days under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. When the emergence rate reaches about 70-80%, remove the mulch film and thin out the seedlings according to 2cm*2cm. Depending on the moisture content of the seedbed, immediately add water to the seedbed that lacks water. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 30℃, remove the film in time to ventilate and cool down the two ends to prevent high temperature from burning the seedlings. 6. Hardening of seedlings: One week before transplanting, completely uncover the greenhouse or open the ventilation curtain of the greenhouse, increase light, reduce watering, let the seedlings fully contact with the outside world, adapt to the outside environment, and improve the survival rate of transplanting; Step 3: Soil Preparation Deeply till the soil to a depth of more than 30 cm before frost comes; 10 days before transplanting, remove the debris (such as weeds, stones, etc.) in the selected plot, and turn the soil shallowly; break up the soil clods, and make ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 10cm in the south-north direction, with a ridge spacing of 35cm (in this example, each ridge is 20 meters long, with a total of 15 ridges); evenly spread compound fertilizer 20kg / mu and decomposed farmyard manure 2000kg / mu on the ridge surface, then turn it into the soil, combine the fine soil with the ridge soil and mix it evenly, and then use a hoe to level the ridge surface; Step 4: Corn Planting Choose corn varieties that are suitable for the region, high-yield, strong in stress resistance, and have a moderate growth period; select seeds carefully before sowing, and choose seeds with uniform, strong and full grains; in early March, dig 5-6cm deep holes in the beds where Polygonum capitatum is planted, with a spacing of 60cm between plants, sow 2-3 seeds in each hole, and cover the hole with 3-5cm of soil; Step 5: Transplanting Polygonum capitatum seedlings The transplanted Polygonum capitatum seedlings should be at least 6-8cm tall, with 5-6 leaves, and the whole batch of seedlings should be neat and uniform in appearance, with complete root system, no wilting, and no diseases or insect pests; Transplanting starts from the end of March to mid-April, and choose rainy days (preferably light rain) for transplanting, and control the density to 20~25cm×20~25cm; on the prepared ridge surface in the field, use ropes to determine the rows according to the row spacing of 20~25cm, and then use the index and middle fingers to dig 3~4cm deep holes along the ropes according to the plant spacing of 20~25cm, put the seedlings into the holes and press them tightly with hands, one seedling per hole, and 4 rows per ridge; water thoroughly on the day of transplanting to determine the roots; conduct field statistics from 7~10 days after transplanting to the time of determining the roots, and take new seedlings on rainy days for seedling replacement in places where dead seedlings appear; Step 6: Check corn seedlings, fill in seedlings and finalize seedlings Check corn seedlings in time after they emerge. If any seedlings are missing, select nearby holes to fill in the gaps. Keep two healthy seedlings to ensure the density of seedlings. When the corn grows to 4-5 leaves, you can plant them. Select one healthy seedling in each hole. Step 7: Field Management Intertillage and weeding: 15 days after transplanting, weeds on the Polygonum capitata bed should be pulled out by hand, and weeds with seeds should be pulled out by hand before the seeds mature; at other times, weeds in the field should be observed and removed, and weeding should be done frequently before closing the rows, once a month; weeds only need to be pulled out by hand from closing the rows to harvesting, and weeds must be removed thoroughly by hand before harvesting to keep the field free of weeds to prevent weeds from being mixed with medicinal materials during harvesting; weeding and soil loosening management should be carried out twice before closing the boxes in combination with corn fertilization; Corn fertilization: After corn is planted, it is fertilized once, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4g per hole; Pest and disease control: Focus on prevention and adopt an integrated control strategy, prohibiting the use of restricted pesticides; Step 8: Harvest Corn harvesting: Harvest corn in August when the leaves are dry and the kernels are hard, shiny and full. Do not cut the corn stalks after harvesting. Cut the corn stalks 10 days before harvesting Polygonum capitatum. Harvesting of Polygonum capitatum: Harvest Polygonum capitatum on a sunny day in late September, cut all the bases of the Polygonum capitatum along the bed surface (do not leave the old stems at the base), shake off the dirt, transfer to a drying site or dry on the spot until the moisture content is 9-11%. After harvesting, promptly package in clean containers and carry out initial processing.

[0007] Furthermore, the second aspect of the present invention provides a Polygonum capitatum obtained by planting by intercropping corn as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0008] The present invention plants Polygonum capitatum by the above-mentioned intercropping corn method, especially by setting the direction of the bed in the due south and due north direction, and the content of physiologically active substances in the obtained medicinal material Polygonum capitatum is significantly improved. This unexpected discovery is completely unforeseeable in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 :Photos of typical scenes of intercropping Polygonum capitata with corn.

[0010] Figure 2 : Photo of the typical scene after corn harvesting when experts from the organization conducted yield measurement for intercropping Polygonum capitatum with corn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention can be further described by the following examples, however, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The present invention provides general and / or specific descriptions of the materials and test methods used in the test. Although many materials and operating methods used to achieve the purpose of the present invention are well known in the art, the present invention is still described in as much detail as possible here.

[0012] The present invention can significantly increase the yield of Polygonum capitatum, especially the content of active substances in the medicinal material, by interplanting corn in the planting field of Polygonum capitatum seedling medicinal material. The general operation of the present invention to plant Polygonum capitatum seedling medicinal material by interplanting corn is as follows.

[0013] 1. Site selection Before cultivation, the cultivation base should be reasonably selected. According to the GAP regulations of Chinese medicinal materials, the authentic production area of ​​Polygonum capitatum should be selected, and in the authentic production area, the principles of regionality, safety and operability suitable for the growth of Polygonum capitatum should be followed.

[0014] Generally, the site is selected in the authentic production area of ​​Polygonum capitatum that meets the following requirements: warm and humid climate, small annual temperature fluctuation, annual average temperature above 12℃, annual total accumulated temperature above 3000.0℃, frost-free period of more than 270 days / year, sufficient rainfall, annual average rainfall of more than 1000mm, high relative humidity during the growing season (70~90%); annual average sunshine hours of 1200~1500 hours, sufficient rainfall in April and May, more sunny days in September and October, base altitude of 400~1500 meters, slope less than 30 degrees, fertile, loose, water- and fertilizer-retaining loam or sandy loam, acidic to neutral loam with a pH value of 5.5~7.0, and a tillage layer of about 20~25cm. It is more than 100 meters away from the road, and no plants of the same genus are planted within 50 meters around. The water and atmospheric environment meet the requirements of the GAP base of Chinese medicinal materials.

[0015] 2. Planting site treatment before cultivation Land preparation before frost: Deeply plow the land to a depth of more than 30cm before the arrival of frost (if the land that has been eliminated after more than three years of continuous planting is reused, it is necessary to add farmyard manure to improve the soil). Land preparation before transplanting: 10 days before transplanting, remove weeds, stones and other debris in the selected plot, shallowly plow the land, break up the soil, and make a 1m wide and 10cm high ridge with a ridge spacing of 30~40cm. Evenly spread 20kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 2000kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure on the ridge surface, then turn it into the soil, combine it with the fine soil and mix it with the ridge soil, and then use a hoe to level the ridge surface. Cover the ridge with film after making the ridge: While making the ridge, cover the ridge surface with black anti-grass film. When covering the film, press the soil around the film tightly (to prevent strong winds from blowing it up).

[0016] 3. Seedlings and fertilizer selection Seedlings: The transplanted seedlings of Polygonum capitatum must be at least 6~8cm tall, with 5~6 leaves, and the whole batch of seedlings must be neat and uniform in appearance, with complete root system, no wilting, and no diseases and insect pests (Polygonum capitatum seedling quality standard above level 3). Planting of unqualified seedlings is prohibited. Fertilizer: Base fertilizer is the main fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing; farmyard manure is the main fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers; at the same time, reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to the nutritional characteristics of Polygonum capitatum and the fertilizer supply capacity of the soil. The farmyard manure used must be fully decomposed to meet the harmless sanitation standards. Chemical fertilizers can be used to a certain extent according to the needs of the growth and development of Polygonum capitatum.

[0017] 4. Planting Planting time: late March to mid-April (specific time is determined in different places according to the growth of seedlings). Seedlings taken on the same day must be transplanted on the same day. Seedlings cannot be left for 2 days without transplanting. When transplanting, weather conditions should be observed at all times, and cloudy days or preferably light rainy days should be selected for transplanting.

[0018] Transplanting method: Transplantation of Polygonum capitatum: Seedlings taken on the same day must be transplanted on the same day. Seedlings cannot be taken out and left for 2 days without transplanting. When transplanting, the weather conditions should be observed at any time. Transplanting should be done on cloudy days or preferably on light rainy days. Small-scale planting can be done after 4 pm on sunny days. The density should be controlled at 20~25cm×20~25cm. On the prepared ridge surface in the field, use ropes to set the rows according to the row spacing of 20~25cm, and then use the index and middle fingers to dig 3~4cm deep holes along the ropes according to the plant spacing of 20~25cm. Put the seedlings into the holes and press them tightly with your hands. One seedling per hole, and 4 rows per ridge. Field statistics can be carried out from 7~10 days after transplanting to the time when roots are set. Re-take seedlings from places where dead seedlings appear for seedling replacement work. Re-seeding also needs to be done on rainy days to ensure the survival rate after transplanting.

[0019] 5. Corn planting: Seed selection: Select corn varieties that have been approved by the national and provincial agricultural product evaluation committees and are suitable for local planting, with high quality, high yield, strong resistance and moderate growth period. Select seeds carefully before sowing, and choose seeds with uniform, strong and full grains.

[0020] Sowing time: After the transplanting of Polygonum capitatum is completed, sowing is generally carried out in early March.

[0021] Sowing method: spot sowing, according to certain plant spacing requirements, manually dig holes, plant 2~3 seeds, cover with 3~5cm of soil after sowing, and ensure that the depth of the soil is consistent. (Seedling raising and transplanting: The corn seedling raising time is mid-to-late March, and the transplanting time and transplanting method are the same as spot sowing.) Check seedlings, fill in seedlings and finalize seedlings: Check seedlings in time after emergence. If seedlings are missing, select neighboring holes to fill in seedlings; keep two healthy seedlings to ensure seedling density. When seedlings have 4 to 5 leaves, they can be finalized, and one healthy seedling should be selected in each hole.

[0022] 6. Field Management Watering: If the weather is hot and dry on the day of transplanting Polygonum capitatum, it needs to be watered thoroughly to allow it to take root. If it does not rain for 3-5 days after transplanting, it needs to be watered again manually. Therefore, large-scale planting must be done around Qingming Festival to catch the rain during the Qingming Festival. This can reduce planting costs and avoid large-scale watering. After the roots are established 10 days after transplanting, there is no need to add water manually, and it can be self-sufficient according to the rain conditions.

[0023] Fertilization: The fertilizer for Polygonum capitatum is mainly basal fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing; mainly farmyard manure, supplemented by chemical fertilizer; at the same time, reasonable fertilization is carried out according to the nutritional characteristics of Polygonum capitatum and the fertilizer supply capacity of the soil. Under normal soil conditions, 2000kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure or 20kg / mu of compound fertilizer (or 30kg / mu of superphosphate) is used as basal fertilizer during land preparation. The farmyard manure used must be fully decomposed to meet the harmless sanitation standards. It is not recommended to apply topdressing in the later stage. Chemical fertilizers can be used to a certain extent according to the needs of the growth and development of Polygonum capitatum; if the land is relatively barren and the growth is poor in the later stage, foliar fertilizer can be applied or compound fertilizer can be dissolved in water and sprayed. The usage and dosage are 10kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 1-1.5% concentration of foliar fertilizer for spraying.

[0024] Weeding: 15 days after transplanting, weeds between beds should be removed by hand, weeds on beds also need to be removed by roots, and some weeds with seeds need to be removed by hand before the seeds mature. During the rest of the time, observe the weeds in the field and weed. Before closing the rows, weeding must be done frequently, about once a month. Weeding should be done once a month before harvesting.

[0025] Pest and disease control: conscientiously implement the "prevention first, integrated control" plant protection policy, adopt forecasting, plant quarantine, agricultural control, physical and mechanical control, biological control, chemical control and other integrated control measures, create environmental conditions that are conducive to the growth and development of Polygonum capitata, and unfavorable to the reproduction, infection and spread of various pathogens, and control their damage. Pest control is mainly based on prevention and integrated control. The main source of Polygonum capitata pests is to avoid choosing plots where rapeseed or vegetables are planted for the first time, or to plant plots far away from plots where vegetables and rapeseed are planted, and generally there are fewer pests.

[0026] (1) Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg Damage symptoms: The black cutworm, also known as the earthworm and the black earthworm, is a pest of the family Noctuidae in the order Lepidoptera. In the transplanting season from April to May, it bites off the seedlings of Polygonum multiflorum near the ground, causing seedling shortages and affecting yields.

[0027] Agricultural control: before transplanting and after harvest in autumn and winter. Remove and pick all weeds in the field and surrounding areas, transport them out of the field, and pile them together for composting. Turn the soil: use a hoe or plow before transplanting in autumn and spring. Turn the soil deeply in autumn (about 30cm), and turn the soil shallowly (about 20cm) before transplanting.

[0028] Physical control: Every morning for the first 5 days after transplanting. Dig up the topsoil of wilting seedlings to catch and kill larvae. Trapping and killing adults: mid-April to early October. Hang Jiaduo PS-15Ⅱ frequency vibration insecticidal lamps, black light lamps or sweet and sour hanging racks in the field.

[0029] Chemical control: 20% cypermethrin EC and other high-efficiency, low-toxic broad-spectrum insecticides. In the afternoon of the day of transplanting, dilute 20% cypermethrin EC 1500 times and spray evenly on the entire bed surface.

[0030] (2) Double-spotted leaf beetle Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) Symptoms of damage: The two-spotted firefly leaf beetle is a pest of the family Chrysomelidae in the order Coleoptera. It damages the leaves of Polygonum capitatum from April to July, often eating small oval holes in the leaves, affecting the normal growth of Polygonum capitatum.

[0031] Agricultural control: Remove and pick out weeds in the field and surrounding areas before transplanting and after harvest in autumn and winter, deep plowing in autumn to kill eggs and reduce insect sources, which can reduce damage. Physical control: mid-April to July. Hang the Jiaduo PS-15Ⅱ frequency vibration insecticidal lamp in the field.

[0032] Chemical control: During the adult damage period from April to July, use 4.5% of the carpenteryl emulsion diluted 1500 times and spray evenly on the entire Polygonum capitatum plant and bed surface.

[0033] (3) Prodenia litura Fab. Damage symptoms: Spodoptera litura is also known as the cutworm moth, lotus moth, and commonly known as flower insect. It is a pest of the genus Prodenia in the family Noctuidae of the order Lepidoptera. It damages the leaves of Polygonum capitatum from June to September, often eating the leaves into notches. In severe cases, it eats all the leaves, leaving only the stems, which seriously affects the growth of Polygonum capitatum and the quality of medicinal materials.

[0034] Agricultural control: Remove and pick out weeds in the field and around the field before transplanting and after harvest in autumn and winter. Before transplanting, use a hoe or plow to deep-turn (about 30 cm) the selected land.

[0035] Physical control: Trapping and killing of adults: From mid-April to July, hang Jiaduo PS-15Ⅱ frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps or black light lamps or sweet and sour hanging racks in the fields.

[0036] Chemical control: During the larval damage period from June to September, dilute 20% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times and spray evenly on the entire Polygonum capitatum plant in the evening.

[0037] (4) Leaf spot Symptoms: Polygonum leaf spot mainly occurs on leaves, with the lower leaves of the plant being the first to become infected. The lesions are small at first and gradually expand. The lesions are round or oval, expanding from the center outward, with brown edges and slight bulges; the outer contours of the lesions are obvious; when the disease is severe, the lesions may connect to each other to form irregular large spots. In the later stage, sparse black spots with slightly concentric rings appear on the lesions.

[0038] Prevention and treatment methods: ① Agricultural prevention and control measures: Select disease-resistant varieties, promptly remove diseased residues in the field, burn them in concentrated areas away from greenhouses, ventilate and reduce humidity at the right time, increase the application of organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance plant resistance.

[0039] ② Chemical control: Before the disease occurs, mainly use protective fungicide spray. You can choose 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 600 times of Dasheng 80% mancozeb wettable powder, or 600 times of Pinrun 70% mancozeb suspension. Use fungicides with therapeutic effects and their mixed agents with protective fungicides in the early stage of the disease. You can choose 1500 times of 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules of Seco, 250g / L of Amicid, or 400 times of 64% chlorpyrifos wettable powder. Once every 7 to 10 days, and control 2 to 3 times continuously. Try to use small-aperture spray sheets to spray to reduce the humidity on the leaf surface.

[0040] (5) Corn pest and disease control Insecticides should be applied in time during the seedling stage to prevent and control pests, and Jinggangmycin should be sprayed in the later stage to prevent and control sheath blight. The base leaves should also be stripped off; the main pests and diseases in the corn ear stage are corn leaf blight, corn leaf blight and corn borer. Corn leaf blight and corn leaf blight mainly harm corn leaves. When the lesions first appear, fungicides should be sprayed in time, and sprayed once every 7 days according to the prescribed dosage, for a total of 2 to 3 times. Corn borers are mainly controlled by using furadan or cypermethrin granules in the trumpet stage, which has a better effect.

[0041] The above-mentioned pest and disease control is a routine operation in this field.

[0042] 7. Harvest Harvesting time: from mid-August to the end of September, during which the temperature is high and there are many consecutive sunny days. Do not delay until the rainy autumn season in order to pursue yield. Observe the weather forecast at any time a few days before harvesting, and harvest and dry the fruits when it is sunny for 3 consecutive days without rain. The general harvesting method is as follows.

[0043] Corn harvesting: The sign of corn maturity is that the bracts begin to turn yellow 7 to 10 days later (usually in mid-August), the grain line basically disappears, and a black layer appears at the base. At this time, the harvest yield and quality will be significantly improved, and the corn should be dried in time after harvest.

[0044] Harvesting Polygonum capitatum: In late September, use a sharp sickle to cut the above-ground stems and leaves along the ridge (bed), and cut all of them at the ground level, leaving no stems or branches. Depending on the local weather, if the local weather is good and there is no rain for at least two or three days, you can dry them on the spot. After cutting, turn them over and spread them on the ground to dry them on the spot for 1-2 days. Then, take advantage of the morning dew to moisten them and transport them back to the drying yard for further drying. If the weather is bad in the near future, shake off the soil on the Polygonum capitatum by hand after cutting, carry them to the drying site with a pollution-free basket or use other pollution-free transportation tools to transport them to a drying site near the warehouse for drying.

[0045] 8. Primary processing at the place of origin Sun drying: Use an iron fork to evenly spread the transported Polygonum capitatum on a clean, pollution-free drying dam or drying mat for drying, with a thickness of about 15 cm. During the drying process, use an iron fork to turn it over 3 times a day, and try to pat off the residual soil on the Polygonum capitatum to ensure that the ash content of the Polygonum capitatum medicinal material does not exceed the standard. Dry it until the moisture content of the stems and leaves is less than 12%.

[0046] Storage: After removing impurities from the dried herbs, store them in a cool, dry and ventilated place.

[0047] According to the above general planting requirements, some specific embodiments are provided below; what has been explained in the embodiments shall be subject to the description of these embodiments, and what has not been explained in the embodiments may be carried out with reference to the above general planting method.

[0048] Example 1: Planting Polygonum capitatum by interplanting corn Step 1: Select the planting site The climate is warm and humid, with a small annual temperature change, an annual average temperature of more than 12℃, an annual total accumulated temperature of more than 3000℃, and a frost-free period of more than 270 days / year; there is sufficient rainfall, with an annual average rainfall of more than 1000mm, and a high relative humidity during the growing season (70~90%); the annual average sunshine hours are 1200~1500 hours, with sufficient rainfall in April and May and more sunny days in September and October. The base is 400~1500 meters above sea level, with a slope of less than 30 degrees (the slope in this example is less than 2 degrees, which is usually considered to be without slope); the soil should be fertile, loose, and well-retaining loam or sandy loam, with a pH value of 5.5~7.0, preferably slightly acidic to neutral loam, with a tillage layer of about 20~25cm, more than 100 meters from the road, and no plants of the same genus are planted within 50 meters around; the water and air environment meet the requirements of the GAP base for Chinese medicinal materials; Step 2: Raising Polygonum capitatum seeds 1. Seedling raising time: early January to early February (generally, seedling raising should be completed before the Spring Festival); 2. Site selection: Choose a flat loamy land with access to roads, water, electricity and convenient drainage. At the same time, the surrounding atmospheric environment should meet the national secondary standards, the soil environment should meet the national secondary standards, and the irrigation water quality should meet the national irrigation standards; 3. Land preparation: In the plastic greenhouse, build a seedling bed with bricks that is 1m wide, 20cm high and as long as the greenhouse; fill the seedling bed with 15cm thick fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, then evenly spread 2000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well with the bed soil, and use a scraper to level the bed surface; 4. Sowing: First, water the seedbed thoroughly, at 5g / m 2 Weigh the seeds, mix them evenly with 200-300 times of fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, and then spread them evenly on the seedbed. After spreading, cover them with a layer of mulch to keep them moist. 5. Management during the seedling stage: observe the seedbed and keep the soil moist in the first 15 days. Seedlings will emerge in about 10-15 days under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. When the emergence rate reaches about 70-80%, remove the mulch film and thin out the seedlings according to 2cm*2cm. Depending on the moisture content of the seedbed, immediately add water to the seedbed that lacks water. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 30℃, remove the film in time to ventilate and cool down the two ends to prevent high temperature from burning the seedlings. 6. Hardening of seedlings: One week before transplanting, completely uncover the shed or open the ventilation curtain of the greenhouse, increase light, reduce watering, let the seedlings fully contact with the outside world, adapt to the outside environment, and improve the survival rate of transplanting; Step 3: Soil Preparation Deeply till the soil to a depth of more than 30 cm before frost comes; 10 days before transplanting, remove the debris (such as weeds, stones, etc.) in the selected plot, and turn the soil shallowly; break up the soil clods, and make ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 10cm in the south-north direction, with a ridge spacing of 35cm (in this example, each ridge is 20 meters long, with a total of 15 ridges); evenly spread compound fertilizer 20kg / mu and decomposed farmyard manure 2000kg / mu on the ridge surface, then turn it into the soil, combine the fine soil with the ridge soil and mix it evenly, and then use a hoe to level the ridge surface; Step 4: Corn Planting Choose corn varieties that are suitable for the region, high-yield, strong in stress resistance, and have a moderate growth period; select seeds carefully before sowing, and choose seeds with uniform, strong and full grains; in early March, dig 5-6cm deep holes in the beds where Polygonum capitatum is planted, with a spacing of 60cm between plants, sow 2-3 seeds in each hole, and cover the hole with 3-5cm of soil; Step 5: Transplanting Polygonum capitatum seedlings The transplanted Polygonum capitatum seedlings should be at least 6-8cm tall, with 5-6 leaves, and the whole batch of seedlings should be neat and uniform in appearance, with complete root system, no wilting, and no diseases or insect pests; Transplanting starts from the end of March to mid-April, and choose rainy days (preferably light rain) for transplanting, and control the density to 20~25cm×20~25cm; on the prepared ridge surface in the field, use ropes to determine the rows according to the row spacing of 20~25cm, and then use the index and middle fingers to dig 3~4cm deep holes along the ropes according to the plant spacing of 20~25cm, put the seedlings into the holes and press them tightly with hands, one seedling per hole, and 4 rows per ridge; water thoroughly on the day of transplanting to determine the roots; conduct field statistics from 7~10 days after transplanting to the time of determining the roots, and take new seedlings on rainy days for seedling replacement in places where dead seedlings appear; Step 6: Check corn seedlings, fill in seedlings and finalize seedlings Check corn seedlings in time after they emerge. If any seedlings are missing, select nearby holes to fill in the gaps. Keep two healthy seedlings to ensure the density of seedlings. When the corn grows to 4-5 leaves, you can plant them. Select one healthy seedling in each hole. Step 7: Field Management Intertillage and weeding: 15 days after transplanting, weeds on the Polygonum capitata bed should be pulled out by hand, and weeds with seeds should be pulled out by hand before the seeds mature; at other times, weeds in the field should be observed and removed, and weeding should be done frequently before closing the rows, once a month; weeds only need to be pulled out by hand from closing the rows to harvesting, and weeds must be removed thoroughly by hand before harvesting to keep the field free of weeds to prevent weeds from being mixed with medicinal materials during harvesting; weeding and soil loosening management should be carried out twice before closing the boxes in combination with corn fertilization; Corn fertilization: After corn is planted, it is fertilized once, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4g per hole; Pest and disease control: Focus on prevention and adopt an integrated control strategy, prohibiting the use of restricted pesticides; Step 8: Harvest Corn harvesting: Harvest corn in August when the leaves are dry and the kernels are hard, shiny and full. Do not cut the corn stalks after harvesting. Cut the corn stalks 10 days before harvesting Polygonum capitatum. Harvesting of Polygonum capitatum: Harvest Polygonum capitatum on a sunny day in late September, cut all the bases of the Polygonum capitatum along the bed (leave no old stems at the base), shake off the dirt, transfer to a drying yard or dry on the spot until the moisture content is 9-11%. After harvesting, promptly package in clean containers and carry out initial processing.

[0049] Regarding the typical working scenario of this embodiment, Figure 1 This is a typical photo of the scene of intercropping corn with Polygonum capitatum. Figure 2 This is a photo of a typical scene after corn harvest when experts from the Polygonum capitatum intercropping organization were measuring the yield.

[0050] Example 2: Planting Polygonum capitatum by interplanting corn Step 1: Select the planting site The climate is warm and humid, with a small annual temperature change, an annual average temperature of more than 12℃, an annual total accumulated temperature of more than 3000℃, and a frost-free period of more than 270 days / year; there is sufficient rainfall, with an annual average rainfall of more than 1000mm, and a high relative humidity during the growing season (70~90%); the annual average sunshine hours are 1200~1500 hours, with sufficient rainfall in April and May and more sunny days in September and October. The base is 400~1500 meters above sea level, with a slope of less than 30 degrees (the slope in this example is less than 2 degrees, which is usually considered to be without slope); the soil should be fertile, loose, and well-retaining loam or sandy loam, with a pH value of 5.5~7.0, preferably slightly acidic to neutral loam, with a tillage layer of about 20~25cm, more than 100 meters from the road, and no plants of the same genus are planted within 50 meters around; the water and air environment meet the requirements of the GAP base for Chinese medicinal materials; Step 2: Raising Polygonum capitatum seeds 1. Seedling raising time: early January to early February (generally, seedling raising should be completed before the Spring Festival); 2. Site selection: Choose a flat loamy land with access to roads, water, electricity and convenient drainage. At the same time, the surrounding atmospheric environment should meet the national secondary standards, the soil environment should meet the national secondary standards, and the irrigation water quality should meet the national irrigation standards; 3. Land preparation: In the plastic greenhouse, build a seedling bed with bricks that is 1m wide, 20cm high and as long as the greenhouse; fill the seedling bed with 15cm thick fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, then evenly spread 2000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well with the bed soil, and use a scraper to level the bed surface; 4. Sowing: First, water the seedbed thoroughly, at 5g / m 2 Weigh the seeds, mix them evenly with 200-300 times of fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, and then spread them evenly on the seedbed. After spreading, cover them with a layer of mulch to keep them moist. 5. Management during the seedling stage: observe the seedbed and keep the soil moist in the first 15 days. Seedlings will emerge in about 10-15 days under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. When the emergence rate reaches about 70-80%, remove the mulch film and thin out the seedlings according to 2cm*2cm. Depending on the moisture content of the seedbed, immediately add water to the seedbed that lacks water. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 30℃, remove the film in time to ventilate and cool down the two ends to prevent high temperature from burning the seedlings. 6. Hardening of seedlings: One week before transplanting, completely uncover the shed or open the ventilation curtain of the greenhouse, increase light, reduce watering, let the seedlings fully contact with the outside world, adapt to the outside environment, and improve the survival rate of transplanting; Step 3: Soil Preparation Deeply till the soil to a depth of more than 30 cm before frost comes; 10 days before transplanting, remove the debris (such as weeds, stones, etc.) in the selected plot, and turn the soil shallowly; break up the soil clods, and make ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 10cm in the east-west direction, with a ridge spacing of 35cm (in this example, each ridge is 20 meters long, with a total of 15 ridges); evenly spread compound fertilizer 20kg / mu and decomposed farmyard manure 2000kg / mu on the ridge surface, then turn it into the soil, combine the fine soil with the ridge soil and mix it evenly, and then use a hoe to level the ridge surface; Step 4: Corn Planting Choose corn varieties that are suitable for the region, high-yield, strong in stress resistance, and have a moderate growth period; select seeds carefully before sowing, and choose seeds with uniform, strong and full grains; in early March, dig 5-6cm deep holes in the beds where Polygonum capitatum is planted, with a spacing of 60cm between plants, sow 2-3 seeds in each hole, and cover the hole with 3-5cm of soil; Step 5: Transplanting Polygonum capitatum seedlings The transplanted Polygonum capitatum seedlings should be at least 6-8cm tall, with 5-6 leaves, and the whole batch of seedlings should be neat and uniform in appearance, with complete root system, no wilting, and no diseases or insect pests; Transplanting starts from the end of March to mid-April, and choose rainy days (preferably light rain) for transplanting, and control the density to 20~25cm×20~25cm; on the prepared ridge surface in the field, use ropes to determine the rows according to the row spacing of 20~25cm, and then use the index and middle fingers to dig 3~4cm deep holes along the ropes according to the plant spacing of 20~25cm, put the seedlings into the holes and press them tightly with hands, one seedling per hole, and 4 rows per ridge; water thoroughly on the day of transplanting to determine the roots; conduct field statistics from 7~10 days after transplanting to the time of determining the roots, and take new seedlings on rainy days for seedling replacement in places where dead seedlings appear; Step 6: Check corn seedlings, fill in seedlings and finalize seedlings Check corn seedlings in time after they emerge. If any seedlings are missing, select nearby holes to fill in the gaps. Keep two healthy seedlings to ensure the density of seedlings. When the corn grows to 4-5 leaves, you can plant them. Select one healthy seedling in each hole. Step 7: Field Management Intertillage and weeding: 15 days after transplanting, weeds on the Polygonum capitata bed should be pulled out by hand, and weeds with seeds should be pulled out by hand before the seeds mature; at other times, weeds in the field should be observed and removed, and weeding should be done frequently before closing the rows, once a month; weeds only need to be pulled out by hand from closing the rows to harvesting, and weeds must be removed thoroughly by hand before harvesting to keep the field free of weeds to prevent weeds from being mixed with medicinal materials during harvesting; weeding and soil loosening management should be carried out twice before closing the boxes in combination with corn fertilization; Corn fertilization: After corn is planted, it is fertilized once, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4g per hole; Pest and disease control: Focus on prevention and adopt an integrated control strategy, prohibiting the use of restricted pesticides; Step 8: Harvest Corn harvesting: Harvest corn in August when the leaves are dry and the kernels are hard, shiny and full. Do not cut the corn stalks after harvesting. Cut the corn stalks 10 days before harvesting Polygonum capitatum. Harvesting of Polygonum capitatum: Harvest Polygonum capitatum on a sunny day in late September, cut all the bases of the Polygonum capitatum along the bed (leave no old stems at the base), shake off the dirt, transfer to a drying yard or dry on the spot until the moisture content is 9-11%. After harvesting, promptly package in clean containers and carry out initial processing.

[0051] Example 3: Planting Polygonum capitatum Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention are carried out on a flat plot of land about 66 m long from east to west and about 24 m long from north to south (with a slope of less than 2 degrees, generally considered to have no slope) at the Niu Dachang base test demonstration site in Shibing, Guizhou. The plot is divided into three plots: east, middle, and west. The three plots are at least 1.5 meters apart. The east plot is used for the test of laying out the beds in a south-north direction in embodiment 1, the west plot is used for the test of laying out the beds in a east-west direction in embodiment 2, and the middle plot is used for the test of this embodiment 3. The three plots are each about 20 m × 20.25 m.

[0052] In this Example 3, except that corn was not planted between the furrows, the rest of the planting of Polygonum capitatum was carried out according to the operation of Example 1, and finally the Polygonum capitatum with a moisture content of 9-11% was obtained.

[0053] Except that Example 3 does not interplant corn, and that Example 1 and Example 2 have different bed layouts and interplant corn directions, the other planting conditions and operations of Examples 1 to 3 are basically the same, and the corn seeds used, the Polygonum capitatum seedlings used for transplanting, the corn planting time, the Polygonum capitatum seedlings transplanting time, the amount of fertilizer applied, the corn harvesting time, the Polygonum capitatum harvesting time, etc. are all performed at the same time and under the same conditions.

[0054] The above Examples 1 to 3 were carried out at the experimental demonstration site of Niudachang Base in Shibing, Guizhou Province, and the three batches of Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials obtained can be respectively referred to as Polygonum capitatum of Example 1, Polygonum capitatum of Example 2, and Polygonum capitatum of Example 3.

[0055] Example 4: Planting Polygonum capitatum At the Polygonum capitatum planting experimental demonstration site in Longshan Town, Longli County, Guizhou Province, on a flat plot about 65m long from east to west and about 25m long from north to south (with a slope of less than 2 degrees, which is generally considered to have no slope), referring to the methods of Examples 1 to 3, Polygonum capitatum planting operations were carried out with or without intercropping corn, and the Polygonum capitatum plants referred to as Example 41, Example 42, and Example 43 were obtained, respectively.

[0056] Example 5: Planting Polygonum capitatum At the Polygonum capitatum planting demonstration site in Wudang Xinchang, Guiyang, Guizhou, on a flat plot about 65m long from east to west and about 22m long from north to south (with a slope of less than 2 degrees, which is generally considered to have no slope), referring to the methods of Examples 1 to 3, Polygonum capitatum planting operations were carried out with or without intercropping corn, and the Polygonum capitatum plants referred to as Example 51, Example 52, and Example 53 were obtained, respectively.

[0057] Example 6: Quality inspection of Polygonum capitatum medicinal material There are many methods for testing the quality of Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials, such as the literature of Zhao Yingkui (Zhao Yingkui, et al., Research on the Quality Standard of Polygonum capitatum, Chinese Patent Medicine, 2020, 42(02): 408). This example uses the HPLC method recorded in Zhao Yingkui's literature to determine the content of gallic acid and quercetin in the Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials obtained in Examples 1 to 5.

[0058] Taking Example 1 as an example, 6 portions of Polygonum capitatum obtained in Example 1 were taken (4 portions of Polygonum capitatum harvested from the four corners of the planting plot (at least 1 meter away from the four corners), 1 portion of Polygonum capitatum harvested in the middle, and 1 portion of Polygonum capitatum harvested and mixed from the entire plot), dried to constant weight, and then the gallic acid content and quercetin content in the Polygonum capitatum medicinal material were determined according to the law, and the results were expressed as the mean ± sd of each of the 6 samples; in addition, all the Polygonum capitatum obtained in Examples 2 to 5 were determined in the same way. The measurement results are as follows: the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitata in Example 1 is 3.547±0.183 mg / g, and the quercetin content is 8.316±0.358 mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitata in Example 2 is 2.836±0.183 mg / g, and the quercetin content is 6.033±0.358 mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitata in Example 3 is 2.235±0.113 mg / g, and the quercetin content is 3.825±0.204 mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitata in Example 41 is 3.624±0.174 mg / g, and the quercetin content is 8.174±0.372 mg / g, and the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitata in Example 42 is 2.983±0.1 79mg / g, and the quercetin content is 5.869±0.233mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitis in Example 43 is 2.476±0.133mg / g, and the quercetin content is 4.025±0.186mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitis in Example 51 is 3.482±0.196mg / g, and the quercetin content is 8.624±0.346mg / g, the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitis in Example 52 is 2.714±0.167mg / g, and the quercetin content is 6.118±0.278mg / g, and the gallic acid content of Polygonum capitis in Example 53 is 2.306±0.126mg / g, and the quercetin content is 3.764±0.193mg / g.

[0059] In addition, the yield of each embodiment was calculated based on the obtained dried Polygonum capitatum medicinal material with a moisture content of 9-11% and the planting area (calculated by the area of ​​the bed). The results showed that the medicinal material yields of Examples 1-3 were 284.3 kg / mu, 282.6 kg / mu, and 274.2 kg / mu, respectively; the medicinal material yields of Examples 41-43 were 255.8 kg / mu, 256.3 kg / mu, and 246.2 kg / mu, respectively; and the medicinal material yields of Examples 51-53 were 276.5 kg / mu, 275.3 kg / mu, and 263.8 kg / mu, respectively.

[0060] According to the above results, it is unexpectedly shown that by planting Polygonum capitatum by intercropping corn (Examples 1-2), the content of gallic acid and quercetin, the typical active ingredients in the obtained Polygonum capitatum medicinal materials, is significantly improved when intercropping corn (Example 3). What is more unexpected is that when intercropping corn, the direction of the setting of the ridge also has a significant effect on the above-mentioned typical active ingredients in the medicinal materials. The content of active ingredients is obviously higher when the north-south direction is set than when the east-west direction is set. This may be related to the sunshine time, intensity and timing, although the inventor has not yet found a specific theory to explain this result difference. In addition, the direction of the setting of the ridge does not seem to have an effect on the yield of medicinal materials, but the yield of medicinal materials is slightly higher when intercropping corn than when not intercropping corn. It is believed that there are documents that once taught that Polygonum capitatum is a light-loving plant, but the above results of the present invention seem to contradict this.

[0061] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Polygonum capitatum by interplanting corn, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select the planting site The climate is warm and humid, with a small annual temperature change, an annual average temperature of more than 12℃, an annual total accumulated temperature of more than 3000℃, and a frost-free period of more than 270 days / year; there is sufficient rainfall, with an annual average rainfall of more than 1000mm, and a high relative humidity during the growing season (70~90%); the annual average sunshine hours are 1200~1500 hours, with sufficient rainfall in April and May and more sunny days in September and October. The base is 400~1500 meters above sea level, with a slope of less than 30 degrees (the slope in this example is less than 2 degrees, which is usually considered to be without slope); the soil should be fertile, loose, and well-retaining loam or sandy loam, with a pH value of 5.5~7.0, preferably slightly acidic to neutral loam, with a tillage layer of about 20~25cm, more than 100 meters from the road, and no plants of the same genus are planted within 50 meters around; the water and air environment meet the requirements of the GAP base for Chinese medicinal materials; Step 2: Raising Polygonum capitatum seeds 1. Seedling raising time: early January to early February (generally, seedling raising should be completed before the Spring Festival); 2. Site selection: Choose a flat loamy land with access to roads, water, electricity and convenient drainage. At the same time, the surrounding atmospheric environment should meet the national secondary standards, the soil environment should meet the national secondary standards, and the irrigation water quality should meet the national irrigation standards; 3. Land preparation: In the plastic greenhouse, build a seedling bed with bricks that is 1m wide, 20cm high and as long as the greenhouse; fill the seedling bed with 15cm thick fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, then evenly spread 2000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 20kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, mix well with the bed soil, and use a scraper to level the bed surface; 4. Sowing: First, water the seedbed thoroughly, at 5g / m 2 Weigh the seeds, mix them evenly with 200-300 times of fine soil that has passed through an 8-mesh sieve, and then spread them evenly on the seedbed. After spreading, cover them with a layer of mulch to keep them moist.

5. Management during the seedling stage: observe the seedbed and keep the soil moist in the first 15 days. Seedlings will emerge in about 10-15 days under suitable temperature and humidity conditions. When the emergence rate reaches about 70-80%, remove the mulch film and thin out the seedlings according to 2cm*2cm. Depending on the moisture content of the seedbed, immediately add water to the seedbed that lacks water. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 30℃, remove the film in time to ventilate and cool down the two ends to prevent high temperature from burning the seedlings.

6. Hardening of seedlings: One week before transplanting, completely uncover the shed or open the ventilation curtain of the greenhouse, increase light, reduce watering, let the seedlings fully contact with the outside world, adapt to the outside environment, and improve the survival rate of transplanting; Step 3: Soil Preparation Deeply till the soil to a depth of more than 30 cm before frost comes; 10 days before transplanting, remove the debris (such as weeds, stones, etc.) in the selected plot, and turn the soil shallowly; break up the soil clods, and make ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 10cm in the south-north direction, with a ridge spacing of 35cm (in this example, each ridge is 20 meters long, with a total of 15 ridges); evenly spread compound fertilizer 20kg / mu and decomposed farmyard manure 2000kg / mu on the ridge surface, then turn it into the soil, combine the fine soil with the ridge soil and mix it evenly, and then use a hoe to level the ridge surface; Step 4: Corn Planting Choose corn varieties that are suitable for the region, high-yield, strong in stress resistance, and have a moderate growth period; select seeds carefully before sowing, and choose seeds with uniform, strong and full grains; in early March, dig 5-6cm deep holes in the beds where Polygonum capitatum is planted, with a spacing of 60cm between plants, sow 2-3 seeds in each hole, and cover the hole with 3-5cm of soil; Step 5: Transplanting Polygonum capitatum seedlings The transplanted Polygonum capitatum seedlings should be at least 6-8cm tall, with 5-6 leaves, and the whole batch of seedlings should be neat and uniform in appearance, with complete root system, no wilting, and no diseases or insect pests; Transplanting starts from the end of March to mid-April, and choose rainy days (preferably light rain) for transplanting, and control the density to 20~25cm×20~25cm; on the prepared ridge surface in the field, use ropes to determine the rows according to the row spacing of 20~25cm, and then use the index and middle fingers to dig 3~4cm deep holes along the ropes according to the plant spacing of 20~25cm, put the seedlings into the holes and press them tightly with hands, one seedling per hole, and 4 rows per ridge; water thoroughly on the day of transplanting to determine the roots; conduct field statistics from 7~10 days after transplanting to the time of determining the roots, and take new seedlings on rainy days for seedling replacement in places where dead seedlings appear; Step 6: Check corn seedlings, fill in seedlings and finalize seedlings Check corn seedlings in time after they emerge. If any seedlings are missing, select nearby holes to fill in the gaps. Keep two healthy seedlings to ensure the density of seedlings. When the corn grows to 4-5 leaves, you can plant them. Select one healthy seedling in each hole. Step 7: Field Management Intertillage and weeding: 15 days after transplanting, weeds on the Polygonum capitata bed should be pulled out by hand, and weeds with seeds should be pulled out by hand before the seeds mature; at other times, weeds in the field should be observed and removed, and weeding should be done frequently before closing the rows, once a month; weeds only need to be pulled out by hand from closing the rows to harvesting, and weeds must be removed thoroughly by hand before harvesting to keep the field free of weeds to prevent weeds from being mixed with medicinal materials during harvesting; weeding and soil loosening management should be carried out twice before closing the boxes in combination with corn fertilization; Corn fertilization: After corn is planted, it is fertilized once, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4g per hole; Pest and disease control: Focus on prevention and adopt an integrated control strategy, prohibiting the use of restricted pesticides; Step 8: Harvest Corn harvesting: Harvest corn in August when the leaves are dry and the kernels are hard, shiny and full. Do not cut the corn stalks after harvesting. Cut the corn stalks 10 days before harvesting Polygonum capitatum. Harvesting of Polygonum capitatum: Harvest Polygonum capitatum on a sunny day in late September, cut all the bases of the Polygonum capitatum along the bed surface (do not leave the old stems at the base), shake off the dirt, transfer to a drying site or dry on the spot until the moisture content is 9-11%. After harvesting, promptly package in clean containers and carry out initial processing.

2. A Polygonum capitatum obtained by planting the Polygonum capitatum by intercropping with corn according to claim 1.

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