A diagnostic system for dental caries

Abstract

The present invention provides a diagnostic system for dental caries. The diagnostic system includes a handheld scanning device, a processing device, and a display device. The processing device communicates wirelessly with the handheld scanning device and communicates wiredly with the display device. The handheld scanning device includes a main body and an end portion. The main body and the end portion are connected by a rotating shaft, and the end portion can rotate relative to the main body. The processing device generates a detection image based on the scanning data of the handheld scanning device. The display device is used to display the detection image. In the present invention, through the mutual cooperation of ultrasonic signals, image signals, and acceleration signals, precise scanning of teeth is conveniently and safely achieved to assist doctors in diagnosis and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dental caries detection, and particularly to a diagnostic system for dental caries. Background Art

[0002] Dental caries is a progressive lesion of the hard tissues of teeth caused by the combined action of multiple factors in the oral cavity, manifested as demineralization of inorganic substances and decomposition of organic substances, and an evolution process from color change to the formation of a substantial lesion with the development of the disease course. Dental caries is characterized by a high incidence rate and wide distribution. Dental caries is one of the main common diseases in the oral cavity and also one of the most common diseases in humans.

[0003] As a method for detecting dental caries, it has become mainstream for doctors to use X-rays for evaluation. Although using X-rays to measure the mineral density of dentin and the situation of cavities has high precision, this method uses radiation, which is harmful to the human body, not suitable for specific groups such as pregnant women and children, and moreover, the instrument is large in volume and inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the technical problems in the prior art that dental caries detection based on X-rays is harmful to the human body and inconvenient to use, the diagnostic system for dental caries proposed by the present invention includes a handheld scanning device, a processing device, and a display device. The processing device communicates wirelessly with the handheld scanning device and communicates wiredly with the display device;

[0005] The handheld scanning device includes a main body and an end part. The main body and the end part are connected by a rotating shaft, and the end part can rotate relative to the main body;

[0006] The processing device generates a detection image according to the scanning data of the handheld scanning device;

[0007] The display device is used to display the detection image.

[0008] Furthermore, the handheld scanning device includes an ultrasonic probe, a camera, a lighting lamp, an acceleration sensor, a working switch, a transmitting module, a receiving module, a control module, and a communication module. The ultrasonic probe is connected to the working switch, and the working switch is respectively connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module. Both the camera and the acceleration sensor are connected to the receiving module. The control module is respectively connected to the camera, the lighting lamp, the acceleration sensor, the working switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module, and the communication module.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic probe, the camera, the lighting lamp, and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the end part, and the working switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module, the control module, and the communication module are arranged inside the main body.

[0010] Further, the receiving module performs analog filtering, analog-to-digital conversion, and digital filtering on the reflected waves from the ultrasonic probe, performs digital filtering on the image signals from the camera and the acceleration signals from the acceleration sensor, associates the reception time of the acceleration signal, the acceleration signal, and the reflected waves and image signals received immediately after the acceleration signal, stores them as a signal group, and when the number of signal groups reaches the number threshold, sends information to the control module. The control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module.

[0011] Further, the control module controls the working process of the handheld scanning device. The specific working process includes determining the X-axis reference value, Y-axis reference value, and Z-axis reference value of the acceleration sensor in the stationary state. When receiving the scanning start information, the control module obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors according to the detection period, calculates the average value of the corresponding output values of the two acceleration sensors, and respectively determines whether the deviation between the average value of the output values and the reference value in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions is greater than the first change threshold. If the deviation between the average value of the output values and the reference value in any direction is greater than the set threshold, the average value of the output values of the acceleration sensor in each direction is transmitted to the receiving module, and the control module controls the ultrasonic probe and the camera to collect data once and transmits the collected data to the receiving module. When receiving the scanning end information, the control module no longer obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors, and the control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module.

[0012] Further, a reflected waveform database is set in the processing device. The reflected waveform database stores typical waveforms corresponding to dental health, typical waveforms corresponding to dental osteoporosis, typical waveforms corresponding to the presence of cavities on the surface, typical waveforms corresponding to the presence of cavities inside, typical waveforms corresponding to soft tissue health, and typical waveforms corresponding to soft tissue ulceration.

[0013] Further, the generation process of the detection image is as follows:

[0014] S1. The doctor uses the handheld scanning device to scan the teeth, transmits the scanning data to the processing device, and after the scanning is completed, enters S2;

[0015] S2. Preprocess the scanning data and divide the scanning data into upper row tooth data groups and lower row tooth data groups;

[0016] S3. The processing device generates an upper row tooth basic image according to the upper row tooth data group and generates a lower row tooth basic image according to the lower row tooth data group;

[0017] S4. Perform anomaly marking on the upper row tooth basic image according to the upper row tooth data group to obtain an upper row tooth detection image, and perform anomaly marking on the lower row tooth basic image according to the lower row tooth data group to obtain a lower row tooth detection image.

[0018] Further, in S2, the specific process of preprocessing is to sort the signal groups according to the reception time of the acceleration signals. If the absolute value of the numerical value of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction in a specific signal group is greater than the second change threshold, this signal group is used as the turning signal group. The subsequent scanning direction is judged according to the magnitude of the numerical value of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction relative to the Z-axis reference value. When the scanning direction is upward, the signal groups before the turning signal group form the lower row of teeth data group, and the signal groups after the turning signal group form the upper row of teeth data group. When the scanning direction is downward, the signal groups before the turning signal group form the upper row of teeth data group, and the signal groups after the turning signal group form the lower row of teeth data group.

[0019] Further, in S3, the generation process of the upper row of teeth basic image is the same as that of the lower row of teeth basic image. The generation process of the upper row of teeth basic image is to judge the scanning direction according to the numerical values in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction of each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, generate a transient image of the upper row of teeth according to the scanning direction and the image signals in each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, extract the edge information by using the Canny edge detection algorithm, determine the tooth contour based on the edge information, calculate the average gray value of different regions, mark the regions with the average gray value less than the gray threshold as tooth regions, and mark the regions with the average gray value greater than the gray threshold as soft tissue regions to obtain the final upper row of teeth basic image.

[0020] Further, in S4, the generation process of the upper row of teeth detection image is the same as that of the lower row of teeth detection image. The generation process of the upper row of teeth detection image is to judge the scanning direction according to the numerical values in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction of each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group. Each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group is abnormally marked according to the scanning direction and the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group. The specific process of abnormally marking the signal group according to the scanning direction and the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group is to determine the corresponding region of the signal group in the upper row of teeth basic image according to the scanning direction, the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, and the image signal in the signal group. If the corresponding region is a tooth region, compare the reflected wave in the signal group with the typical waveform related to the teeth, and mark the possible tooth problems in the corresponding region. If the corresponding region is soft tissue, compare the reflected wave in the signal group with the typical waveform related to the soft tissue, and mark the possible soft tissue problems in the corresponding region.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] Through the mutual cooperation of ultrasonic signals, image signals and acceleration signals, the accurate scanning of teeth is conveniently and safely realized to assist doctors in diagnosis and treatment. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the diagnostic system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the handheld scanning device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the end part of the handheld scanning device of the present invention.

[0026] Meanings of the reference numerals: 1, main body; 2, end part; 21, ultrasonic probe; 22, acceleration sensor; 23, camera; 24, lighting lamp. Specific Embodiments

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, the diagnostic system for dental caries proposed by the present invention includes a handheld scanning device, a processing device, and a display device. The processing device communicates wirelessly with the handheld scanning device and communicates wiredly with the display device.

[0029] The handheld scanning device includes an ultrasonic probe, a camera, a lighting lamp, an acceleration sensor, a working switch, a transmitting module, a receiving module, a control module, and a communication module. The ultrasonic probe is connected to the working switch, and the working switch is respectively connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module. The camera and the acceleration sensor are both connected to the receiving module. The control module is respectively connected to the camera, the lighting lamp, the acceleration sensor, the working switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module, and the communication module. As Figure 2 shown, the handheld scanning device includes a main body 1 and an end part 2. The main body 1 and the end part 2 are connected by a rotating shaft, and the end part 2 can rotate relative to the main body 1. The ultrasonic probe, the camera, the lighting lamp, and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the end part 2, and the working switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module, the control module, and the communication module are arranged inside the main body 1. As Figure 3As shown, the ultrasonic probe 21 is a rectangular array, arranged at the center of the end. The acceleration sensors 22 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the ultrasonic probe 21, the cameras 23 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the ultrasonic probe 21, and the lighting lamps 24 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the ultrasonic probe 21. During scanning, the long side of the ultrasonic probe 21 is vertically downward and the short side is in a horizontal state. The working switch is used to switch the working mode of the ultrasonic probe. The working modes of the ultrasonic probe include the transmitting mode and the receiving mode. In the transmitting mode, the working switch connects the ultrasonic probe to the transmitting module to emit ultrasonic waves. In the receiving mode, the working switch connects the ultrasonic probe to the receiving module, and the ultrasonic probe receives the reflected wave and transmits the reflected wave to the receiving module. The transmitting module converts the digital waveform into ultrasonic waves through digital-to-analog conversion and high-frequency power drive. The receiving module performs analog filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the reflected wave from the ultrasonic probe, performs digital filtering on the image signal from the camera and the acceleration signal from the acceleration sensor, associates the reception time of the acceleration signal, the acceleration signal, and the reflected wave and image signal received immediately after the acceleration signal, stores them as a signal group, and when the number of signal groups reaches the number threshold, sends information to the control module. The control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module. The control module controls the working process of the handheld scanning device. The specific working process includes determining the X-axis reference value, Y-axis reference value and Z-axis reference value of the acceleration sensor in the static state. When receiving the scanning start information, the control module obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors according to the detection period (for example, 30 times per second), calculates the average value of the corresponding output values of the two acceleration sensors, and respectively determines whether the deviation between the average value of the output values and the reference value in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions is greater than the first change threshold. If the deviation between the average value of the output values and the reference value in any direction is greater than the set threshold, the average value of the output values of the acceleration sensor in each direction is transmitted to the receiving module, and the ultrasonic probe and the camera are controlled to collect data once and transmit the collected data to the receiving module. When receiving the scanning end information, the control module no longer obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors, and the control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module.

[0030] The processing device generates a detection image according to the signals in the receiving module. A reflected waveform database is set in the processing device, and the typical waveforms corresponding to tooth health, dentin osteoporosis, the presence of a cavity on the surface, the presence of a cavity inside, soft tissue health, and soft tissue ulceration are stored in the reflected waveform database. The generation process of the detection image is as follows:

[0031] S1. The doctor uses the handheld scanning device to scan the teeth, transmits the scanning data to the processing device, and after the scanning is completed, enters S2.

[0032] S2. Preprocess the scanned data and divide it into an upper row of teeth data group and a lower row of teeth data group. The specific process of preprocessing is to sort the signal groups according to the reception time of the acceleration signals. Since the acceleration in the vertical direction changes when switching the scan between the upper row of teeth and the lower row of teeth, if the absolute value of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction in a specific signal group is greater than the second change threshold, this signal group is regarded as a turning signal group. Determine the subsequent scan direction according to the magnitude of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction relative to the Z-axis reference value. When the scan direction is upward, the signal groups before the turning signal group form the lower row of teeth data group, and the signal groups after the turning signal group form the upper row of teeth data group. When the scan direction is downward, the signal groups before the turning signal group form the upper row of teeth data group, and the signal groups after the turning signal group form the lower row of teeth data group.

[0033] S3. The processing device generates a basic upper row of teeth image based on the upper row of teeth data group and generates a basic lower row of teeth image based on the lower row of teeth data group. The process of generating the basic upper row of teeth image is to determine the scan direction according to the values in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in each signal group of the upper row of teeth data group, generate a transient upper row of teeth image according to the scan direction and the image signals in each signal group of the upper row of teeth data group, extract the edge information using the Canny edge detection algorithm, determine the tooth contour based on the edge information, calculate the average gray value of different regions, mark the regions with an average gray value less than the gray threshold as tooth regions, and mark the regions with an average gray value greater than the gray threshold as soft tissue regions to obtain the final basic upper row of teeth image. The process of generating the basic lower row of teeth image is to determine the scan direction according to the values in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in each signal group of the lower row of teeth data group, generate a transient lower row of teeth image according to the scan direction and the image signals in each signal group of the lower row of teeth data group, extract the edge information using the Canny edge detection algorithm, determine the tooth contour based on the edge information, calculate the average gray value of different regions, mark the regions with an average gray value less than the gray threshold as tooth regions, and mark the regions with an average gray value greater than the gray threshold as soft tissue regions to obtain the final basic lower row of teeth image.

[0034] S4. Anomaly marking is performed on the upper dental arch basic image according to the upper dental arch data set to obtain the upper dental arch detection image, and anomaly marking is performed on the lower dental arch basic image according to the lower dental arch data set to obtain the lower dental arch detection image. The generation process of the upper dental arch detection image is to determine the scanning direction based on the values in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction of each signal group in the upper dental arch data set, and each signal group in the upper dental arch data set is anomalously marked according to the scanning direction and its position in the upper dental arch data set. The specific process of anomalously marking the signal group according to the scanning direction and its position in the upper dental arch data set is to determine the corresponding area of the signal group in the upper dental arch basic image according to the scanning direction, the position of the signal group in the upper dental arch data set, and the image signal in the signal group. If the corresponding area is a tooth area, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the tooth, and possible tooth problems are marked in the corresponding area. If the corresponding area is soft tissue, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the soft tissue, and possible soft tissue problems are marked in the corresponding area. The generation process of the lower dental arch detection image is to determine the scanning direction based on the values in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction of each signal group in the lower dental arch data set, and each signal group in the lower dental arch data set is anomalously marked according to the scanning direction and its position in the lower dental arch data set. The specific process of anomalously marking the signal group according to the scanning direction and its position in the lower dental arch data set is to determine the corresponding area of the signal group in the lower dental arch basic image according to the scanning direction, the position of the signal group in the lower dental arch data set, and the image signal in the signal group. If the corresponding area is a tooth area, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the tooth, and possible tooth problems are marked in the corresponding area. If the corresponding area is soft tissue, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the soft tissue, and possible soft tissue problems are marked in the corresponding area.

[0035] The display device is used to display the detection image.

[0036] What is disclosed above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Of course, it cannot be used to limit the scope of the rights of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art of this technology, any equivalent changes made to the present invention without departing from the design structure and principle of the present invention shall be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dental caries diagnosis system, characterized in that ,The diagnostic system includes a handheld scanning device, a processing device and a display device, wherein the processing device communicates wirelessly with the handheld scanning device, and the processing device communicates wiredly with the display device; The handheld scanning device comprises a main body and an end portion, wherein the main body and the end portion are connected via a rotating shaft, and the end portion can rotate relative to the main body; The processing device generates a detection image based on the scanning data of the handheld scanning device; The display device is used to display the detection image; The handheld scanning device includes an ultrasonic probe, a camera, a lighting lamp, an acceleration sensor, a work switching switch, a transmitting module, a receiving module, a control module and a communication module, the ultrasonic probe is connected to the work switching switch, the work switching switch is respectively connected to the transmitting module and the receiving module, the camera and the acceleration sensor are both connected to the receiving module, and the control module is respectively connected to the camera, the lighting lamp, the acceleration sensor, the work switching switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module and the communication module; The ultrasonic probe, the camera, the lighting lamp and the acceleration sensor are arranged at the end, and the working switch, the transmitting module, the receiving module, the control module and the communication module are arranged inside the main body; The receiving module performs analog filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering on the reflected wave from the ultrasonic probe, performs digital filtering on the image signal from the camera and the acceleration signal from the acceleration sensor, associates the reception time of the acceleration signal, the acceleration signal, and the reflected wave and image signal received immediately after the acceleration signal, and stores them as a signal group. When the number of signal groups reaches a number threshold, information is sent to the control module, and the control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module; The control module controls the working process of the handheld scanning device. The specific working process includes determining the X-axis reference value, Y-axis reference value and Z-axis reference value of the acceleration sensor in a static state. After receiving the scanning start information, the control module obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors according to the detection period, calculates the average value of the corresponding output values ​​of the two acceleration sensors, and judges whether the deviation between the average value of the output value and the reference value is greater than the first change threshold in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions respectively. If the deviation between the average value of the output value and the reference value in any direction is greater than the set threshold, the average value of the output value of the acceleration sensor in each direction is transmitted to the receiving module, the ultrasonic probe and the camera are controlled to collect data once, and the collected data is transmitted to the receiving module. After receiving the scanning end information, the control module no longer obtains the data of the two acceleration sensors, and the control module transmits the signal group in the receiving module to the processing device through the communication module; The processing device is provided with a reflection waveform database, which stores typical waveforms corresponding to healthy teeth, typical waveforms corresponding to tooth porosity, typical waveforms corresponding to surface caries, typical waveforms corresponding to internal caries, typical waveforms corresponding to healthy soft tissues, and typical waveforms corresponding to soft tissue ulceration; The generation process of the detection image is as follows: S1, the doctor uses a handheld scanning device to scan the teeth and transmits the scanned data to the processing device. After the scan is completed, enter S2; S2, preprocessing the scanned data, dividing the scanned data into an upper row of teeth data group and a lower row of teeth data group; S3, the processing device generates a basic image of the upper teeth according to the upper teeth data group, and generates a basic image of the lower teeth according to the lower teeth data group; S4. Mark the upper teeth basic image for abnormalities according to the upper teeth data set to obtain an upper teeth detection image, and mark the lower teeth basic image for abnormalities according to the lower teeth data set to obtain a lower teeth detection image.

2. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that In the S2, the specific process of preprocessing is to sort the signal groups according to the receiving time of the acceleration signal. If the absolute value of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction in a specific signal group is greater than the second change threshold, the signal group is used as a turning signal group, and the subsequent scanning direction is determined according to the magnitude of the acceleration signal in the Z-axis direction relative to the Z-axis reference value. When the scanning direction is upward, the signal group before the turning signal group constitutes the lower row of teeth data group, and the signal group after the turning signal group constitutes the upper row of teeth data group. When the scanning direction is downward, the signal group before the turning signal group constitutes the upper row of teeth data group, and the signal group after the turning signal group constitutes the lower row of teeth data group.

3. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that In S3, the generation process of the basic image of the upper row of teeth is the same as the generation process of the basic image of the lower row of teeth. The generation process of the basic image of the upper row of teeth is to determine the scanning direction according to the numerical values ​​in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, generate the upper row of teeth transient image according to the scanning direction and the image signal in each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, extract edge information by using the Canny edge detection algorithm, determine the tooth contour based on the edge information, calculate the grayscale average value of different areas, mark the area where the grayscale average value is less than the grayscale threshold as the tooth area, and mark the area where the grayscale average value is greater than the grayscale threshold as the soft tissue area, so as to obtain the final basic image of the upper row of teeth.

4. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that In the S4, the generation process of the upper row of teeth detection image is the same as the generation process of the lower row of teeth detection image. The generation process of the upper row of teeth detection image is to determine the scanning direction according to the numerical values ​​in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group, and each signal group in the upper row of teeth data group is marked as abnormal according to the scanning direction and the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group. The specific process of marking the signal group as abnormal according to the scanning direction and the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group is to determine the corresponding area of ​​the signal group in the upper row of teeth basic image according to the scanning direction, the position of the signal group in the upper row of teeth data group and the image signal in the signal group. If the corresponding area is the tooth area, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the teeth, and the possible tooth problems are marked in the corresponding area. If the corresponding area is soft tissue, the reflected wave in the signal group is compared with the typical waveform related to the soft tissue, and the possible soft tissue problems are marked in the corresponding area.

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