Handle frequency conversion type multifunctional intermediate infrared laser medical instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses a handle frequency conversion type multifunctional intermediate infrared laser medical instrument, which comprises a fundamental frequency laser module, a water cooling circulator, a near infrared medical optical fiber, a multifunctional flexible optical cable and an integrated frequency conversion handle, and is characterized in that near infrared fundamental frequency laser generated by the fundamental frequency laser module is coupled and received by the multifunctional flexible optical cable and is transmitted to the integrated frequency conversion handle; the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is subjected to OPO frequency conversion in the integrated frequency conversion handle to generate target intermediate infrared medical laser, and then the target intermediate infrared medical laser acts on a target position. Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional intermediate infrared laser medical instrument with the variable-frequency handle does not use a complex light guide arm and an intermediate infrared optical fiber with large transmission loss, output of multiple key medical wavelength lasers can be achieved at the same time, the OPO frequency converter is integrated into the light and handy integrated variable-frequency handle, and the integrated variable-frequency handle is convenient to use. The distance of transmitting the target mid-infrared medical laser generated in the integrated frequency conversion handle to the target position is greatly shortened, the flexibility of medical laser space multi-dimensional operation is improved, and the transmission loss of the mid-infrared medical laser is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser medical treatment, and in particular to a handle variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument. Background Art

[0002] The mid-infrared spectral region (2.5μm ~25μm) covers the main spectral absorption peaks of various biological tissue components, making it highly interactive with biological tissues. Therefore, mid-infrared band lasers have important application value and broad application scenarios in the medical field. In terms of soft tissue laser ablation, the commonly used ablation lasers are mainly divided into ultraviolet lasers and infrared lasers. Ultraviolet lasers have high single-photon energy and basically no collateral damage after ablation, but there is a risk of inducing tissue cell mutations. The mechanism of action of infrared lasers is to utilize the absorption of specific laser wavelengths by water molecules. During the ablation process, water vaporization explodes, resulting in ablation or tissue inactivation, but there is a large amount of collateral damage, which can easily cause the degeneration of surrounding healthy tissues. Since mid-infrared lasers cover the strongest absorption peak of water molecules, the water absorption coefficient is much larger than that of ultraviolet lasers and infrared lasers, and they have the significant advantage of fast ablation rates. Specifically, water molecules in biological tissues and calcium hydroxyapatite in tooth and bone tissues strongly absorb mid-infrared light with a wavelength range of 2.7μm ~3.3μm, which makes lasers with an emission wavelength in the range of 2.7μm ~3.3μm have unique advantages in ablation of soft tissues such as skin and gums and cutting of hard tissues such as teeth and bones. Currently, erbium lasers with emission wavelengths of 2.94μm and 2.78μm have been successfully used in the treatment of dental diseases. In particular, mid-infrared lasers with wavelengths ranging from 5.7μm to 7.3μm simultaneously target the dual absorption peaks of protein and water. Based on the mechanism of the dual effects of protein structural denaturation and water absorption providing explosive force, lasers with wavelengths of 6.1μm and 6.45μm have much lower thermal damage energy thresholds than other ablation wavelength lasers, and have high ablation efficiency and minimal collateral damage. Relevant clinical studies have shown that 6.45μm lasers have the characteristics of clear incisions and small collateral damage (μm level) when used for tissue ablation, which is more advantageous in surgical application scenarios with extremely high precision requirements such as neurosurgery, and has important application prospects in the field of precision medicine.

[0003] Existing mid-infrared laser generation technologies mainly include direct stimulated radiation laser generation schemes and fundamental frequency light nonlinear frequency conversion schemes. The direct laser generation scheme can output high-power lasers in the 2.7μm ~3.3μm band, but due to the limitations of the laser gain medium, it is difficult to directly generate long-wave mid-infrared lasers with a wavelength in the range of 5.7μm ~7.3μm and it is difficult to output short-pulse lasers required for medical treatment. The fundamental frequency light nonlinear frequency conversion scheme utilizes the nonlinear optical effect in the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal, and it is easy to simultaneously generate target medical lasers with wavelengths that can be tuned in the range of 2.7μm ~3.3μm and 5.7μm ~7.3μm, and the pulse width of the output mid-infrared laser can be as short as nanoseconds, picoseconds, or even femtoseconds.

[0004] In the prior art, when the mid-infrared laser generated by the above technology is used for medical applications, after the mid-infrared laser is generated from the light source module, it needs to be coupled to the optical fiber or mechanical light guide arm used to transmit the laser. However, the optical fiber currently available for transmitting mid-infrared band lasers is a flexible optical fiber made of sulfide and fluoride glass, which has problems such as large absorption coefficient, obvious difference in absorption loss of lasers of different wavelengths, and low damage threshold. It cannot meet the actual requirements of clinical medicine, especially the clinical application requirements of long-wave mid-infrared lasers in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band. Secondly, when using a mechanical light guide arm for transmission, the mid-infrared medical laser in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band is easily absorbed and lost by water vapor in the long-distance light guide arm, and the structure of the mechanical light guide arm is complex and inflexible. The above problems have greatly limited the promotion of mid-infrared medical lasers in clinical applications, especially the promotion of clinical applications of mid-infrared medical lasers in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a handle-type variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument, which aims to overcome the problems of low transmission loss and inflexible operation faced by existing mid-infrared laser application technical means when transmitting mid-infrared medical lasers in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and 5.7μm~7.3μm band to a target position.

[0006] The present invention provides a handle variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument, comprising: a base frequency laser module, a water cooling circulator, a near-infrared medical optical fiber, a multifunctional flexible optical cable, and an integrated variable frequency handle; The fundamental frequency laser module comprises a fundamental frequency light source, a first laser regulating component, a first coupling component and a second coupling component, wherein the fundamental frequency light source is used to generate near-infrared fundamental frequency laser light, the first laser regulating component is used to regulate and split the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser light to form a first fundamental frequency laser light and a second fundamental frequency laser light, and the first coupling component and the second coupling component are used to couple the first fundamental frequency laser light and the second fundamental frequency laser light into the near-infrared medical optical fiber and the multifunctional flexible optical cable, respectively; The multifunctional flexible optical cable connects the baseband laser module and the integrated frequency conversion handle, and the multifunctional flexible optical cable includes a near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, a water inlet pipe, and a water return pipe which are coated in an outer sheath and arranged at intervals; the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber is used to receive the second baseband laser coupled by the coupling component, and transmit the second baseband laser to the integrated frequency conversion handle; the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are connected to the water cooling circulator, and are used to transport cooling water to water-cool the integrated frequency conversion handle; The integrated frequency conversion handle includes an integrated housing, an output window, and a collimating lens, an input cavity mirror, a mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal, an output cavity mirror, and a second laser control component which are arranged in the integrated housing and sequentially placed along the transmission optical path. The two ends of the integrated housing are respectively fixed to the multifunctional flexible optical cable and the output window. The second fundamental frequency laser emitted from the multifunctional flexible optical cable is collimated by the collimating lens and vertically enters an optical parametric oscillator composed of the input cavity mirror, the mid-infrared nonlinear crystal, and the output cavity mirror. The second fundamental frequency laser is converted into signal light, idler light, and remaining fundamental frequency laser after passing through the optical parametric oscillator. The output cavity mirror selects and outputs the signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and the idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band as a target mid-infrared medical laser. The target mid-infrared medical laser is focused, shaped, and attenuated by the second laser control component and then output from the output window.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the integrated frequency conversion handle further comprises a water channel, a crystal heat sink, a beam combiner, an indicator light source and a fundamental frequency light extinguisher arranged in the integrated housing; The water channel is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe; The crystal heat sink is placed around the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal and connected to the water channel for dissipating heat for the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal; The indicator light source is used to generate visible indicator light; The beam combining mirror is disposed at the light output side of the output cavity mirror, and is used to separate the remaining fundamental frequency laser from the target mid-infrared medical laser and combine the indicator light and the target mid-infrared medical laser into one beam; The fundamental frequency light extinguisher is connected to the water channel and is used to receive the remaining fundamental frequency laser.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second laser control component includes a first lens and a second lens arranged on the output light path of the optical parametric oscillator and a translation slide fixed on an integrated housing; One of the first lens and the second lens is fixed in the integrated housing, and the other is fixed on the translation slide. By controlling the movement of the translation slide, the distance between the first lens and the second lens can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position and size of the target mid-infrared medical laser focal spot.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multifunctional flexible optical cable also includes a first connector and a second connector placed at both ends, as well as a reinforcing core and a cable control line that are coated in an outer sheath and spaced apart from the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, the water inlet pipe, and the water return pipe. The inner sides of the first connector and the second connector are connected to the outer sheath and the reinforcing core, and the outer sides are respectively fixed to the output end of the baseband laser module and the input end of the integrated frequency conversion handle, so as to peel off and fix the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, the water inlet pipe, the water return pipe, and the cable control line one by one.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the input cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser and highly reflective to signal light and idler light; the output cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser, has a reflectivity of greater than 40% for signal light, and has a transmittance of greater than 40% for idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the output cavity mirror comprises a movable first region, a second region and a third region; The first region has high reflection for signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band, and a transmittance of more than 40% for idler light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band; The second region has a transmittance of greater than 40% for signal light in the 2.7μm-3.2μm band and high reflection for idler light in the 5.7μm-7.3μm band; The third region has a transmittance greater than 40% for signal light in the 2.7 μm-3.3 μm band, and a transmittance greater than 40% for idler light in the 2.7 μm-3.3 μm band and the 5.7 μm-7.3 μm band.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength range of the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is 0.8 μm~2.5 μm, the single pulse energy is greater than 0.1 mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 1 Hz~200 kHz, and the pulse width is 0.1~1000 ns.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first laser control component includes a polarization beam splitter, a rotating stage, and a half-wave plate arranged on the rotating stage. The near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is incident on the polarization beam splitter after polarization control by the half-wave plate to form the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser. The rotating stage is used to adjust the angle of the half-wave plate to control the energy ratio of the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a terminal light guide needle, which is connected to one end of the integrated frequency conversion handle close to the output window, and is internally provided with a reflective adjustment lens of the target mid-infrared medical laser for adjusting the light output direction of the target mid-infrared medical laser.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a laser power supply, a display control panel and an integrated cabinet, the baseband laser module, the laser power supply and the water-cooling circulator are integrated into the integrated cabinet, the control panel is installed on the outside of the shell of the integrated cabinet, the water-cooling circulator is also used for water-cooling the baseband laser module and the integrated frequency conversion handle, the display control panel is electrically connected to the baseband laser module, the laser power supply and the water-cooling circulator, and is used to provide selection of medical laser parameters such as output power, repetition frequency, cooling water temperature, etc.

[0016] The present invention provides a handle frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument, which separates the integrated frequency conversion handle for generating mid-infrared medical laser and the baseband laser module for generating near-infrared laser in space, and first transmits the baseband laser to the integrated frequency conversion handle near the target position by using a multifunctional flexible optical cable including near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, and then converts the frequency of the integrated frequency conversion handle near the target position to generate mid-infrared medical laser. Since the near-infrared laser adopts the near-infrared quartz optical fiber transmission with low transmission loss, very mature production and high anti-laser damage threshold, the overall energy transmission efficiency of the laser transmission to the vicinity of the target position is high. The integrated frequency conversion handle design is adopted to integrate the mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator into the light integrated frequency conversion handle, and the target mid-infrared medical laser generated in the 2.7μm ~ 3.3μm band and the 5.7μm ~ 7.3μm band in the integrated frequency conversion handle can directly act on the target position, avoiding the long-distance transmission of the target mid-infrared medical laser in the optical fiber or mechanical light guide arm. Compared with the prior art, the hand-held frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument of the present invention shortens the distance from the target mid-infrared medical laser to the target position, reduces the medical laser transmission loss and improves the multi-dimensional operation flexibility of the medical laser space.

[0017] At the same time, the handle frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument of the present invention can simultaneously provide multi-band medical laser outputs such as near-infrared fundamental frequency laser, 2.7μm ~ 3.3μm band and / or 5.7μm ~ 7.3μm band target mid-infrared medical laser, etc., which can be used for surgical treatment of various diseases in multiple departments, has the ability to integrate soft and hard tissue processing, meets the needs of interventional and non-interventional surgery, and broadens the scope of laser indications. It is a multifunctional handle frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hand-held frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a multifunctional flexible optical cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a fundamental frequency laser module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an integrated frequency conversion handle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the following detailed description, many specific details are provided in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] The high transmittance mentioned in the present invention refers to a transmittance greater than 90%, and the high reflectivity refers to a reflectivity greater than 95%.

[0024] The near infrared in the present invention refers to a laser wavelength in the range of 0.7 μm to 2.5 μm, and the mid-infrared refers to a laser wavelength in the range of 2.5 μm to 12 μm.

[0025] The present invention provides a hand-held variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hand-held frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a fundamental frequency laser module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A cross section of a multifunctional flexible optical cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an integrated frequency conversion handle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1 As shown, the handle frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument of an embodiment of the present invention includes a baseband laser module 1, a water-cooled circulator 2, a near-infrared medical optical fiber 3, a multifunctional flexible optical cable 4, and an integrated frequency-converting handle 5.

[0027] The fundamental frequency laser module 1 includes a fundamental frequency light source 11, a first laser regulation component 12, a first coupling component 13 and a second coupling component 14. The fundamental frequency light source 11 is used to generate and output near-infrared fundamental frequency laser. The first laser regulation component 12 is used to regulate and split the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser to form a first fundamental frequency laser and a second fundamental frequency laser. The first coupling component 13 and the second coupling component 14 are respectively used to couple the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser into the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 and the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4.

[0028] The first laser control component 12 is used to perform spot shaping on the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser output by the fundamental frequency light source 11, and provide a suitable spot size and beam divergence angle for the subsequent first coupling component 13 and the second coupling component 14. The first laser control component 12 performs polarization state control and light splitting on the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser to achieve adjustable energy ratio between the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser. The first fundamental frequency laser formed after light splitting is coupled and output for medical laser stone fragmentation, liver tumor resection and other near-infrared laser interventional ablation, and the second fundamental frequency laser formed is coupled and output as a pump laser for the target mid-infrared medical laser in the subsequent integrated frequency conversion handle.

[0029] The near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 is connected to the output end of the fundamental frequency laser module 1 and is used to transmit the first fundamental frequency laser. The near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 is made of quartz glass. Generally, quartz optical fiber absorbs near-infrared lasers of a specific wavelength due to the presence of hydroxyl (OH) in the quartz glass material. Therefore, in order to minimize the loss during the transmission of the near-infrared laser, the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 preferably uses quartz glass optical fiber without OH groups. The core size of the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 needs to be customized according to the needs of clinical applications.

[0030] The multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 connects the baseband laser module 1 and the integrated frequency conversion handle 5. Figure 2 As shown, the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 includes a near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41, a water inlet pipe 42, and a water return pipe 43, which are coated in an outer sheath 44 and arranged at intervals. The near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 is used to receive the second fundamental frequency laser coupled by the second coupling component 14, and transmit the second fundamental frequency laser to the integrated frequency conversion handle 5. To ensure flexibility, the cross-section of the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 is optimally circular, with a transverse cross-sectional diameter of less than 10 mm, and the bendable curvature diameter of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 is less than 10 cm. In order to improve the efficiency of coupling the second fundamental frequency laser into the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41, the end face of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 should be kept clean and placed near the focus of the second fundamental frequency laser beam focused and output by the second coupling component 14. The material of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 is quartz glass, preferably quartz glass optical fiber without OH group. In order to avoid the damage of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 due to the excessive power density of the second fundamental frequency laser, the near-infrared medical optical fiber preferably adopts a multimode quartz optical fiber with a large core of 100μm ~ 500μm. The water inlet pipe 42 and the water return pipe 43 are connected to the water cooling circulator 2, which are used to transport cooling water and perform water cooling on the integrated frequency conversion handle 5. The water inlet pipe 42, the water return pipe 43 and the outer sheath 44 are all flexible and high-strength materials. Therefore, the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 has flexible bendability and can withstand high-intensity stress. The size of the water inlet pipe 42 and the water return pipe 43 can be formulated according to the maximum cooling flux required by the integrated frequency conversion handle 5. In order to prevent the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 from being deformed due to long-term use, the free space inside the outer sheath of the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 can be filled with flexible plastic fillers.

[0031] like Figure 3As shown, the integrated frequency conversion handle 5 includes an integrated housing 501, an output window 502, and a collimating lens 503, an input cavity mirror 504, a mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505, an output cavity mirror 506, and a second laser control component 507, which are arranged in the integrated housing 501 and are sequentially placed along the transmission light path. The two ends of the integrated housing are respectively fixed to the multifunctional flexible optical cable and the output window. The second fundamental frequency laser emitted from the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 is collimated by the collimating lens 503 and then vertically enters the input cavity mirror 504, the mid-infrared nonlinear crystal 505, The output cavity mirror 506 together constitutes an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The second fundamental frequency laser is converted into signal light, idler light and remaining fundamental frequency laser after passing through the optical parametric oscillator (OPO). In order to ensure the frequency conversion efficiency of the optical parametric oscillator, the input cavity mirror 504 and the output cavity mirror 506 should be placed perpendicular to the second fundamental frequency laser after collimation by the collimating lens 503. When the end face of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 is placed perpendicular to the second fundamental frequency laser, the idler light output wavelength corresponding to the phase matching angle of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal is within the 5.7μm~7.3μm band. The output cavity mirror 506 selects and outputs the signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and the idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band as the target mid-infrared medical laser. The target mid-infrared medical laser is focused, shaped and attenuated by the second laser control component 507 and then output from the output window. In order to reduce the loss of the second fundamental frequency laser and lower the light output threshold of the optical parametric oscillator, the end face of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 is plated with a high-transmittance film for the second fundamental frequency laser, signal light, and idler light, and the input cavity mirror 504 and the output cavity mirror 506 should be set as close as possible to the end face of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505. In order to make the integrated frequency conversion handle as compact, stable and reliable as possible, an integrated fixed mirror frame is used to fix the collimating lens 503, the input cavity mirror 504, the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505, and the output cavity mirror 506, and the light transmission diameter of the integrated fixed mirror frame is as small as possible. 15mm.

[0032] In the present invention, the first base frequency laser is output via the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 and is used for near-infrared laser interventional ablation such as medical laser stone crushing and liver tumor resection. The second base frequency laser is transmitted to the integrated frequency conversion handle 5 via the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4, and then the target mid-infrared medical laser is efficiently generated through OPO frequency conversion in the integrated frequency conversion handle 5. The target mid-infrared medical laser can be directly applied to the target position after being output from the integrated frequency conversion handle 5.

[0033] The present invention provides a handle frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument, which separates the integrated frequency conversion handle for generating mid-infrared medical laser and the baseband laser module for generating near-infrared laser in space, and first transmits the baseband laser to the integrated frequency conversion handle near the target position by using a multifunctional flexible optical cable including near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, and then converts the frequency of the integrated frequency conversion handle near the target position to generate mid-infrared medical laser. Since the near-infrared laser adopts the near-infrared quartz optical fiber transmission with low transmission loss, very mature production and high anti-laser damage threshold, the overall energy transmission efficiency of the laser transmission to the vicinity of the target position is high. The integrated frequency conversion handle design is adopted to integrate the mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator into the light integrated frequency conversion handle, and the target mid-infrared medical laser generated in the 2.7μm ~ 3.3μm band and the 5.7μm ~ 7.3μm band in the integrated frequency conversion handle can directly act on the target position, avoiding the long-distance transmission of the target mid-infrared medical laser in the optical fiber or mechanical light guide arm. Compared with the prior art, the hand-held frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument of the present invention shortens the distance from the target mid-infrared medical laser to the target position, reduces the medical laser transmission loss and improves the multi-dimensional operation flexibility of the medical laser space.

[0034] At the same time, the handle frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument of the present invention can simultaneously provide multi-band medical laser outputs such as near-infrared fundamental frequency laser, 2.7μm ~ 3.3μm band and / or 5.7μm ~ 7.3μm band target mid-infrared medical laser, etc., which can be used for surgical treatment of various diseases in multiple departments, has the ability to integrate soft and hard tissue processing, meets the needs of interventional and non-interventional surgery, and broadens the scope of laser indications. It is a multifunctional handle frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument.

[0035] In some embodiments, Figure 3As shown, the integrated frequency conversion handle 5 also includes a water channel 508, a crystal heat sink 509, a beam combiner 510, an indicator light source 511 and a fundamental frequency light extinguisher 512 arranged in the integrated housing 501. The water channel 508 is connected to the water inlet pipe 42 and the water return pipe 43. The crystal heat sink 509 is placed around the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 and connected to the water channel 508, and is used to dissipate heat for the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505. Cooling and controlling the temperature of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 can improve the power and wavelength stability of the target mid-infrared medical laser generated by the optical parametric oscillator, and at the same time avoid damage to the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 due to heat accumulation. The beam combiner 510 is placed on the light output side of the output cavity mirror 506, and is used to separate the remaining fundamental frequency laser from the target mid-infrared medical laser and combine the visible indicator light generated by the indicator light source 511 and the target mid-infrared medical laser into one beam. The function of the beam combiner 510 can be realized by coating. Usually, after coating, the beam combiner 510 has high reflection to the remaining pump laser and high transmission to the signal light and the idler light. The reflected remaining pump laser is incident on the fundamental frequency light extinguisher 512. The fundamental frequency light extinguisher 512 is connected to the water channel 508 to receive the remaining fundamental frequency laser. The waste heat generated by the remaining fundamental frequency laser is taken away by the cooling water flowing in the water channel 508.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the second laser control component 507 in the integrated frequency conversion handle 5 includes a first lens 507-1 and a second lens 507-2 arranged on the optical path of the optical parametric oscillator output and a translation slide 507-3 fixed on the integrated housing 501. One of the first lens 507-1 and the second lens 507-2 is fixed in the integrated housing 501, and the other is fixed on the translation slide 507-3. By controlling the movement of the translation slide 507-3, the spacing between the first lens 507-1 and the second lens 507-2 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the focal spot position and size of the target mid-infrared medical laser. In order to save the space occupied by the second laser control component 507, the first lens and the second lens are both convex lenses, and the convex-convex lens combination has a smaller focal length and focal spot size; in order to make the focal spot position and size adjustment range of the target mid-infrared medical laser as large as possible, it is preferred that the first lens is a concave lens and the second lens is a convex lens. If the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens are selected to be -100 mm and 75 mm respectively, and the distance between the two is adjustable from 10 mm to 50 mm, the focal spot diameter changes by more than one order of magnitude.

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 also includes a first connector 47 and a second connector 48 placed at both ends, as well as a reinforcing core 45 and a cable control line 46, which are coated in the outer sheath and spaced apart from the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, the water inlet pipe, and the water return pipe. The inner sides of the first connector 47 and the second connector 48 are connected to the outer sheath 44 and the reinforcing core 45, and the outer sides are respectively fixed to the output end of the baseband laser module 1 and the input end of the integrated frequency conversion handle 5, and are used to peel and fix the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41, the water inlet pipe 42, the water return pipe 43, and the cable control line 46 one by one. The reinforcing core 45 is used to enhance the bending stress of the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4, and its material is usually a metal or alloy with good elasticity and toughness. When the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 is bent, an anti-bending stress is generated inside the reinforcing core 45, and the anti-bending stress makes the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 have a larger bending curvature when it is bent, so as to prevent the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4 from excessively bending and causing the transmission efficiency of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 to decrease. The cable control line 46 is used for connecting the electrical components in the integrated frequency conversion handle 5 and transmitting control signals.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the material of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 is OH-free quartz glass. The absorption of lasers with a wavelength of about 2 μm by quartz optical fibers made of this material is much lower than that of ordinary quartz optical fibers, thereby reducing the loss during laser transmission and improving the damage threshold.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 adopts polarization-maintaining optical fiber. The second fundamental frequency laser is required to be linearly polarized light during the nonlinear frequency conversion process. Therefore, the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 should try to ensure that the polarization direction remains unchanged when transmitting the second fundamental frequency laser.

[0040] In some embodiments, the input cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser and highly reflective to signal light and idler light; the output cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser, has a reflectivity of greater than 40% for signal light, and has a transmittance of greater than 40% for idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band.

[0041] In some embodiments, the output cavity mirror 506 includes a movable first region, a second region, and a third region. In this embodiment, there is no restriction on the arrangement and distribution of the first region, the second region, and the third region. The first region has high reflection for signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band, and a transmittance of idle light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band is greater than 40%. The second region has a transmittance of signal light in the 2.7μm~3.2μm band is greater than 40%, and highly reflects idle light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band. The third region has a transmittance of signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band is greater than 40%, and a transmittance of idle light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and the 5.7μm~7.3μm band is greater than 40%. In a specific embodiment, when the output cavity mirror 506 is rotated so that the first region, the end face of the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 804 and the input cavity mirror 803 form a single-resonance optical parametric oscillator of signal light (3μm laser), the first region selects the second fundamental frequency laser, signal light and idler light so that it only outputs idler light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band; similarly, the second region selects to output signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band; the third region selects to simultaneously output signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and idler light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band. By switching the three different regions of the output cavity mirror, the wavelength selection of the target mid-infrared medical laser can be achieved.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the first laser control component 12 includes a polarization beam splitter 125, a rotating stage (not shown in the figure), and a half-wave plate 124 disposed on the rotating stage. The near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is incident on the polarization beam splitter 125 after being polarized by the half-wave plate 124, forming a first fundamental frequency laser and a second fundamental frequency laser. The polarization directions of the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser are orthogonal. The rotating stage is used to adjust the angle of the half-wave plate 124 to control the energy ratio of the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser, thereby controlling the laser energy ratio output from the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 and the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4. The common incident angle of the polarization beam splitter 125 is 45° or 56°. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the optical path, 45° is preferably used.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first laser control component 12 further includes a first folding mirror 121, a first lens 122, and a second lens 123. The first folding mirror 121 is used to adjust and optimize the transmission direction of the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser emitted by the fundamental frequency light source 11, so that the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is vertically incident on the first lens 122. The telescope shaping system composed of the first lens 122 and the second lens 123 performs collimation, beam expansion or beam contraction operations on the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser. The specific focal length is determined according to the required spot size in the subsequent coupling, and the distance between the two is approximately the sum of the focal lengths of the two. When the first lens 122 and the second lens 123 are both convex lenses, there is a real focus between the two, and the shaping distance is longer; when one of the first lens 122 and the second lens 123 is a concave lens and the other is a convex lens, there is no real focus between the two, and the shaping distance is shorter.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the first coupling component 13 includes a second folding mirror 131, a third folding mirror 132, a first coupling lens 133 and a first coupling adjustment frame 134. The first fundamental frequency laser is vertically incident on the first coupling lens 133 after the transmission direction is adjusted by the second folding mirror 131 and the third folding mirror 132. The first coupling lens 133 converts the mode spot size of the incident first fundamental frequency laser to the mode spot size of the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 to facilitate optical fiber coupling. The first coupling adjustment frame 134 is used to fix and adjust the center position and pitch angle of the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3 to optimize the coupling efficiency of the near-infrared medical optical fiber 3. The second coupling component 14 includes a fourth folding mirror 141, a second coupling lens 142 and a second coupling adjustment frame 143. The second fundamental frequency laser is vertically incident on the second coupling lens 142 after the transmission direction is adjusted by the fourth folding mirror 141. The second coupling lens 142 converts the mode spot size of the incident second fundamental frequency laser to the mode spot size of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41. The fourth folding mirror 141 is used to adjust the transmission direction of the second fundamental frequency laser so that it is vertically incident on the second coupling lens 142. The second coupling adjustment frame 143 is placed near the focal position behind the second coupling lens 142, and is used to fix and adjust the center position and pitch angle of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41 to optimize the coupling efficiency of the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber 41.

[0045] In some embodiments, the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser output by the fundamental frequency light source 11 is a nanosecond pulse laser with a wavelength in the range of 1.9 μm to 2.2 μm. Specifically, the pulse energy is greater than 0.2 mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 1 Hz-20 kHz, and the pulse width is less than 200 ns.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, the fundamental frequency light source 11 is an actively Q-switched solid pulse laser with an output wavelength in the range of 1.9 μm to 2.2 μm. Specifically, it includes but is not limited to a Tm:YLF laser with an emission wavelength of 1.91 μm, a Tm:YAP laser with an emission wavelength of 1.94 μm to 2.1 μm, a Tm:YAG laser with an emission wavelength of 2.02 μm, a Ho:YAG laser with an emission wavelength of 2.09 μm, a Ho:YLF laser with an emission wavelength of 2.05 μm, and a Tm, Ho:YAG laser with an emission wavelength of 2.09 μm.

[0047] In some embodiments, the input cavity mirror 504 and the output cavity mirror 506 are both made of materials with a laser damage threshold higher than 500MW / cm^2 and a mid-infrared light absorption coefficient lower than 0.05cm^(-1) as substrates, including but not limited to ZnSe, Si, CaF2, ZnS, Ge, HRSi, etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal 505 is a nonlinear crystal with an effective nonlinear coefficient greater than 10 pm / V and a light transmission range covering 1.9 μm to 8 μm, including but not limited to ZnGeP2, BaGa4Se7, AgGaSe2, BaGa2GeSe6, AgGaSe2, etc.

[0049] In some embodiments, the handle-variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical device also includes a terminal light guide needle 6, which is connected to one end of the output window of the integrated frequency conversion handle 5, and is internally provided with a reflective adjustment lens for the target mid-infrared medical laser, which is used to further adjust the light output direction of the target mid-infrared medical laser guided to the affected area, thereby further enhancing the spatial operation flexibility and functional diversity.

[0050] In some embodiments, a handle-type frequency-converting multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument also includes a laser power supply 7, a display control panel 8 and an integrated cabinet 9. The baseband laser module 1, the water-cooled circulator 2, and the laser power supply 7 are integrated into the integrated cabinet 9. The control panel 8 is installed on the outside of the shell of the integrated cabinet 9. The water-cooled circulator 2 is connected to the water inlet pipe 42 and the return pipe 43 of the baseband light source 11 and the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4, and at the same time, the baseband light source 11 and the integrated frequency-converting handle 5 are water-cooled. The display control panel 4 is directly electrically connected to the baseband laser module 1, the water-cooled circulator 2, and the laser power supply 7, and is connected to the integrated frequency-converting handle 5 through the multifunctional flexible optical cable 4, so as to provide a selection of medical laser parameters such as output power, repetition frequency, and cooling water temperature.

[0051] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hand-held frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument, characterized in that: include: Baseband laser module, water-cooled circulator, near-infrared medical optical fiber, multifunctional flexible optical cable, integrated frequency conversion handle; The fundamental frequency laser module comprises a fundamental frequency light source, a first laser regulating component, a first coupling component and a second coupling component, wherein the fundamental frequency light source is used to generate near-infrared fundamental frequency laser light, the first laser regulating component is used to regulate and split the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser light to form a first fundamental frequency laser light and a second fundamental frequency laser light, and the first coupling component and the second coupling component are used to couple the first fundamental frequency laser light and the second fundamental frequency laser light into the near-infrared medical optical fiber and the multifunctional flexible optical cable, respectively; The multifunctional flexible optical cable connects the baseband laser module and the integrated frequency conversion handle, and the multifunctional flexible optical cable includes a near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, a water inlet pipe, and a water return pipe which are coated in an outer sheath and arranged at intervals; the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber is used to receive the second baseband laser coupled by the coupling component, and transmit the second baseband laser to the integrated frequency conversion handle; the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are connected to the water cooling circulator, and are used to transport cooling water to water-cool the integrated frequency conversion handle; The integrated frequency conversion handle includes an integrated housing, an output window, and a collimating lens, an input cavity mirror, a mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal, an output cavity mirror, and a second laser control component which are arranged in the integrated housing and sequentially placed along the transmission optical path. The two ends of the integrated housing are respectively fixed to the multifunctional flexible optical cable and the output window. The second fundamental frequency laser emitted from the multifunctional flexible optical cable is collimated by the collimating lens and vertically enters an optical parametric oscillator composed of the input cavity mirror, the mid-infrared nonlinear crystal, and the output cavity mirror. The second fundamental frequency laser is converted into signal light, idler light, and remaining fundamental frequency laser after passing through the optical parametric oscillator. The output cavity mirror selects and outputs the signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band and the idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band as a target mid-infrared medical laser. The target mid-infrared medical laser is focused, shaped, and attenuated by the second laser control component and then output from the output window.

2. The handle frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integrated frequency conversion handle also includes a water channel, a crystal heat sink, a beam combiner, an indicator light source and a fundamental frequency light extinguisher arranged in the integrated housing; The water channel is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe; The crystal heat sink is placed around the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal and connected to the water channel for dissipating heat for the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal; The indicator light source is used to generate visible indicator light; The beam combining mirror is disposed at the light output side of the output cavity mirror, and is used to separate the remaining fundamental frequency laser from the target mid-infrared medical laser and combine the indicator light and the target mid-infrared medical laser into one beam; The fundamental frequency light extinguisher is connected to the water channel and is used to receive the remaining fundamental frequency laser.

3. The handle frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second laser control component includes a first lens and a second lens arranged on the output light path of the optical parametric oscillator and a translation slide fixed on an integrated housing; One of the first lens and the second lens is fixed in the integrated housing, and the other is fixed on the translation slide. By controlling the movement of the translation slide, the distance between the first lens and the second lens can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position and size of the target mid-infrared medical laser focal spot.

4. The handle frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multifunctional flexible optical cable also includes a first connector and a second connector placed at both ends, as well as a reinforcing core and a cable control line that are coated in an outer sheath and spaced apart from the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, the water inlet pipe, and the water return pipe. The inner sides of the first connector and the second connector are connected to the outer sheath and the reinforcing core, and the outer sides are respectively fixed to the output end of the baseband laser module and the input end of the integrated frequency conversion handle, so as to peel off and fix the near-infrared energy transmission quartz optical fiber, the water inlet pipe, the water return pipe, and the cable control line one by one.

5. The hand-held variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The input cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser and highly reflective to signal light and idler light; the output cavity mirror is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the second fundamental frequency laser, has a reflectivity of greater than 40% for signal light, and has a transmittance of greater than 40% for idler light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band or the 5.7μm~7.3μm band.

6. The hand-held variable frequency multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The output cavity mirror comprises a movable first region, a second region and a third region; The first region has high reflection for signal light in the 2.7μm~3.3μm band, and a transmittance of more than 40% for idler light in the 5.7μm~7.3μm band; The second region has a transmittance of greater than 40% for signal light in the 2.7μm-3.2μm band and high reflection for idler light in the 5.7μm-7.3μm band; The third region has a transmittance greater than 40% for signal light in the 2.7 μm-3.3 μm band, and a transmittance greater than 40% for idler light in the 2.7 μm-3.3 μm band and the 5.7 μm-7.3 μm band.

7. The hand-held frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The wavelength range of the near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is 0.8 μm-2.5 μm, the single pulse energy is greater than 0.1 mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 1 Hz-200 kHz, and the pulse width is 0.1-1000 ns.

8. The hand-held frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first laser control component includes a polarization beam splitter, a rotating stage, and a half-wave plate arranged on the rotating stage. The near-infrared fundamental frequency laser is incident on the polarization beam splitter after being polarization-controlled by the half-wave plate to form the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser. The rotating stage is used to adjust the angle of the half-wave plate to control the energy ratio of the first fundamental frequency laser and the second fundamental frequency laser.

9. The hand-held frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a terminal light guide needle, which is connected to one end of the integrated frequency conversion handle close to the output window, and is internally provided with a reflective adjustment lens of the target mid-infrared medical laser for adjusting the light output direction of the target mid-infrared medical laser.

10. The hand-held frequency conversion multifunctional mid-infrared laser medical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a laser power supply, a display control panel and an integrated cabinet. The baseband laser module, the laser power supply and the water-cooling circulator are integrated into the integrated cabinet. The control panel is installed on the outside of the shell of the integrated cabinet. The water-cooling circulator is also used for water-cooling the baseband laser module and the integrated frequency conversion handle. The display control panel is electrically connected to the baseband laser module, the laser power supply and the water-cooling circulator, and is used to provide selection of medical laser parameters such as output power, repetition frequency, and cooling water temperature.

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