A reaction system for the dimerization of ethylene to produce 1-butene

Abstract

This invention provides a reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization, comprising: a reactor with a containment cavity, an inlet, an outlet, and a discharge port connected to the containment cavity; the outlet connected to a discharge pipe with a discharge valve installed on the discharge pipe; the discharge port connected to a discharge pipe with a discharge valve installed on the discharge pipe; a first feed mixer with a first inlet connected to a solvent feed pipe and a second inlet connected to an ethylene feed pipe; a second feed mixer with a first inlet connected to the outlet of the first feed mixer, a second inlet connected to an auxiliary agent feed pipe, and a third inlet connected to a co-catalyst feed pipe; a third feed mixer with a first inlet connected to the outlet of the second feed mixer and a second inlet connected to a main catalyst feed pipe; a mixing feed manifold with an inlet connected to the outlet of the third feed mixer and an outlet connected to the inlet, tangentially disposed to the inner wall of the reactor; a heating device disposed around the reactor; and a cooling device disposed around the reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ethylene-to-1-butene technology, and more specifically to a reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization. Background Technology

[0002] The application of 1-butene in high-performance polyolefins, high-end synthetic lubricants, and higher alcohols is constantly increasing, leading to a sustained rise in demand. Ethylene dimerization is one of the main methods for producing high-purity, high-grade 1-butene, and using suitable production equipment is crucial for improving the yield of 1-butene from ethylene dimerization. In existing technologies, a stirring device is installed in the reactor. During the reaction, continuous stirring ensures uniform mixing of the materials and promotes stable reaction. However, the polymers generated during the reaction adhere to the stirring device, and based on this, further agglomeration of byproducts occurs as the reaction progresses, affecting the overall mixing, mass transfer, and heat transfer of the materials within the reactor, ultimately negatively impacting the yield of 1-butene. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a reaction system for the production of 1-butene from ethylene dimerization to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene provided by this invention includes:

[0005] A reaction vessel, wherein a receiving cavity is provided inside the reaction vessel, and an inlet, an outlet and a discharge port are provided in connection with the receiving cavity. The outlet is connected to a discharge pipe and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe. The discharge port is connected to a discharge pipe and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe.

[0006] A first feed mixer, the first inlet of which is connected to a solvent feed pipe, and the second inlet of which is connected to an ethylene feed pipe;

[0007] The second feed mixer has a first inlet connected to the outlet of the first feed mixer via a first connecting pipe, a second inlet connected to the additive feed pipe, and a third inlet connected to the catalyst feed pipe.

[0008] The third feed mixer has a first inlet connected to the outlet of the second feed mixer via a second connecting pipe, and a second inlet connected to the main catalyst feed pipe.

[0009] A mixing feed manifold, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the third feed mixer, the outlet of which is connected to the feed inlet, and is tangential to the inner wall of the reactor;

[0010] Feed valves are respectively installed on the solvent feed pipe, the ethylene feed pipe, the auxiliary agent feed pipe, the co-catalyst feed pipe, the main catalyst feed pipe and the mixing feed main pipe;

[0011] A heating device is disposed around the periphery of the reactor.

[0012] A cooling device is provided around the reactor.

[0013] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene further includes:

[0014] An air inlet pipe passes through the reactor and connects to the receiving cavity; an air inlet valve is installed on the air inlet pipe.

[0015] An exhaust pipe is provided, which passes through the reactor and connects to the containment cavity. An exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene further includes:

[0017] An oxygen concentration meter, which is installed on the exhaust pipe;

[0018] The controller has its input terminal communicatively connected to the output terminal of the oxygen concentration meter, and its output terminal communicatively connected to the control terminals of the intake valve and the exhaust valve.

[0019] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization to 1-butene production reaction system further includes: a pressure relief pipe, which passes through the reactor and is connected to the containment cavity, and a pressure relief valve is installed on the pressure relief pipe.

[0020] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene further includes:

[0021] A field pressure gauge, which monitors and displays the pressure inside the reactor;

[0022] A remote pressure gauge that monitors the pressure inside the reactor.

[0023] The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the remote pressure gauge, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the pressure relief valve.

[0024] Optionally, the inner diameter of the outlet side of the mixing feed manifold is smaller than the inner diameter of its inlet side; the angle between the mixing feed manifold and the horizontal plane is 0-60°.

[0025] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene further includes a safety tube that passes through the reactor and connects to the containment cavity, and a safety valve and a rupture disc are installed inside the safety tube.

[0026] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene further includes:

[0027] A liquid phase thermometer, which monitors the liquid temperature inside the reactor;

[0028] The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the liquid phase thermometer, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminals of the heating device and the cooling device.

[0029] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene further includes:

[0030] Multiple ethylene feed lines are provided, each of which passes through the reactor and is tangential to the inner wall of the reactor. Each of the ethylene feed lines is equipped with a regulating valve and a flow meter.

[0031] The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of each of the flow meters, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of each of the regulating valves.

[0032] Optionally, check valves are installed on the solvent feed pipe, the ethylene feed pipe, the auxiliary agent feed pipe, the co-catalyst feed pipe, the main catalyst feed pipe, and the mixing feed main pipe, respectively.

[0033] The technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0034] The ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene using this invention eliminates the need for a stirring device within the reactor, reducing the number of equipment components, simplifying the manufacturing process, and lowering costs. The system allows the mixture to enter tangentially along the reactor wall, utilizing the impact force of the mixture itself to drive mass and heat transfer. This ensures uniform mixing and heating, and a stable reaction process. It saves energy consumed by the stirring device, prevents polymer buildup on the stirring device leading to byproduct aggregation, extends the equipment's operating cycle, and increases the yield and output of 1-butene. Furthermore, the use of three feed mixers to mix various materials in batches before entering the reactor promotes thorough and uniform mixing, saving mixing time within the reactor. The main catalyst is added last, ensuring that other materials are simply mixed before entering the reactor, only reacting after entering under suitable temperature conditions, thus avoiding catalyst waste. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene connected to the ethylene feed line.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 1: Reactor; 2: First feed mixer; 3: Second feed mixer; 4: Third feed mixer; 5: Mixing feed main pipe; 6: Heating device; 61: Heating inlet pipe; 62: Heating outlet pipe; 7: Cooling device; 71: Cooling inlet pipe; 72: Cooling outlet pipe; 8: Discharge pipe; 9: Discharge valve; 10: Discharge pipe; 11: Discharge valve; 12: Solvent feed pipe; 13: Ethylene feed pipe; 14: First connecting pipe; 15: Additive feed pipe; 16: Catalyst feed pipe ; 17: Second connecting pipe; 18: Main catalyst feed pipe; 19: Feed valve; 20: Air inlet pipe; 21: Exhaust pipe; 22: Air inlet valve; 23: Exhaust valve; 24: Pressure relief pipe; 25: Pressure relief valve; 26: On-site pressure gauge; 27: Remote pressure gauge; 28: Safety pipe; 29: Safety valve; 30: Rupture disc; 31: Liquid phase thermometer; 32: Gas phase thermometer; 33: Ethylene feed branch line; 34: Control valve; 35: Flow meter; 36: Ethylene feed main line; 37: Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description of the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1The diagram shows a top view of the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene includes a reactor 1, a first feed mixer 2, a second feed mixer 3, a third feed mixer 4, a mixing feed manifold 5, a heating device 6, and a cooling device 7.

[0042] The reactor 1 has a receiving cavity with an inlet, an outlet, and a discharge port connected to the receiving cavity. The outlet is connected to a discharge pipe 8, and a discharge valve 9 is installed on the discharge pipe 8. The discharge port is connected to a discharge pipe 10, and a discharge valve 11 is installed on the discharge pipe 10. The first inlet of the first feed mixer 2 is connected to the solvent feed pipe 12, and the second inlet of the first feed mixer 2 is connected to the ethylene feed pipe 13. The first inlet of the second feed mixer 3 is connected to the outlet of the first feed mixer 2 through a first connecting pipe 14, the second inlet of the second feed mixer 3 is connected to the auxiliary agent feed pipe 15, and the third inlet of the second feed mixer 3 is connected to the co-catalyst feed pipe. 16; The first inlet of the third feed mixer 4 is connected to the outlet of the second feed mixer 3 through the second connecting pipe 17, and the second inlet of the third feed mixer 4 is connected to the main catalyst feed pipe 18; The inlet of the mixing feed main pipe 5 is connected to the outlet of the third feed mixer 4, and the outlet of the mixing feed main pipe 5 is connected to the feed port and is tangentially arranged to the inner wall of the reactor 1; Feed valves 19 are respectively installed on the solvent feed pipe 12, ethylene feed pipe 13, auxiliary agent feed pipe 15, co-catalyst feed pipe 16, main catalyst feed pipe 18 and mixing feed main pipe 5; The heating device 6 is arranged around the reactor 1; The cooling device 7 is arranged around the reactor 1.

[0043] In use, the heating device 6 is started and the feed valves 19 on each feed pipe are opened. The solvent enters the first feed mixer 2 through the solvent feed pipe 12, and the ethylene enters the first feed mixer 2 through the ethylene feed pipe 13. After the two are mixed in the first feed mixer 2, they enter the second feed mixer 3 through the first connecting pipe 14. At the same time, the additives enter the second feed mixer 3 through the additive feed pipe 15, and the co-catalyst enters the second feed mixer 3 through the co-catalyst feed pipe 16. After the three are mixed in the second feed mixer 3, they enter the third feed mixer 4 through the second connecting pipe 17. At the same time, the main catalyst enters the third feed mixer 4 through the main catalyst feed pipe 18. After the two are mixed in the third feed mixer 4, they enter the reactor 1 through the mixing feed main pipe 5. The mixing feed main pipe 5 is tangentially positioned to the inner wall of the reactor 1. When the mixture enters the reactor 1, it generates an impact force along the tangential direction. The later-entering mixture causes the earlier-entering mixture in the reactor 1 to rotate, promoting mass and heat transfer. This ensures that the mixture is heated evenly and reacts thoroughly within the reactor 1. As the mixture is continuously added and the reaction continues, the discharge valve 9 on the discharge pipe 8 is opened. When the liquid level of the mixture rises to the discharge port, the reaction is complete, and the mixture is discharged through the discharge pipe 8 and collected. The reaction process is exothermic; therefore, the temperature inside the reactor 1 will increase. As the reaction progresses, the heating power of the heating device 6 can be appropriately reduced. When the temperature inside the reactor 1 rises to a certain level after a certain reaction time, the heating device 6 can be turned off, and the cooling device 7 can be turned on to cool the reactor 1, ensuring that the temperature inside the reactor 1 is maintained within a suitable range for stable reaction. When the production of 1-butene meets the demand, the feed valves 19 on all feed pipes are closed, and only the feed valve 19 on the solvent feed pipe 12 is opened. The continuously injected solvent allows the remaining mixed solution in reactor 1 to fully react and generate products. The liquid level continues to rise and is discharged through the discharge pipe 8. When it is judged from experience that all the mixed materials in reactor 1 have completed the reaction and been discharged, and only the solvent remains in reactor 1, the discharge valve 11 is opened, and the residual solvent in reactor 1 is discharged through the discharge pipe 10. When it is necessary to heat and clean reactor 1 after the system has been running for a period of time, the cooling device 7 can be turned off and the heating system can be started to heat and clean reactor 1, dissolving and removing the polymer in reactor 1. After a period of heat cleaning, the solution in reactor 1 is discharged through the discharge pipe 10, and reactor 1 is in standby mode.

[0044] The ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene according to this invention eliminates the need for a stirring device in reactor 1, reducing the number of equipment components, simplifying the manufacturing process, and lowering costs. The system allows the mixture to enter tangentially along the inner wall of reactor 1, utilizing the impact force of the mixture itself to drive mass and heat transfer. This ensures uniform mixing and heating, and a stable reaction process. It saves energy consumed by the stirring device, prevents polymer buildup on the stirring device leading to byproduct aggregation, improves equipment operating cycle, and increases the yield and output of 1-butene. Furthermore, the use of three feed mixers to mix various materials in batches before they enter reactor 1 facilitates thorough and uniform mixing, saving mixing time within reactor 1. The main catalyst is added last, ensuring that other materials are simply mixed before entering reactor 1, only reacting after entering reactor 1 under suitable temperature conditions, thus avoiding waste of the main catalyst.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the reactor 1 is formed by connecting the lower reactor body and the upper reactor cover via flanges. The two enclose a cavity for the reaction to take place. The interface between the reactor body and the reactor cover in contact with the material is treated to prevent sticking, including but not limited to surface treatments that can reduce polymer adhesion, such as PTFE lining, enamel lining, coating, and polishing. Figure 1The feed inlet of the reactor 1 is located at the lower left end, the discharge outlet at the middle right end, and the discharge port at the center of the bottom end. Reactor 1 can be made of metal, glass, enamel, alloy, etc., with stainless steel being preferred. The discharge pipe 8 can be located at 1 / 4 to 4 / 5 of the reactor's height and connects to a receiving tank to collect the reaction products. The discharge pipe 8 can also be equipped with external heating and insulation devices, including but not limited to heat tracing lines and jackets, to prevent polymer accumulation and blockage at the discharge pipe 8. The first feed mixer 2, the second feed mixer 3, and the third feed mixer 4 all employ static mixers, including but not limited to SV-type, SK-type, SX-type, SH-type, or SL-type static mixers. The raw materials enter the static mixer, causing two or more fluid streams to cut, shear, rotate, and remix, achieving good dispersion and thorough mixing. Static mixers are a mature existing technology, and their specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here. The solvent feed pipe 12 can be used to transport solvents such as straight-chain alkanes, branched alkanes, cycloalkanes, and mixed alkanes; the co-catalyst pipe can be used to transport alkyl metals such as alkylaluminum, alkylaluminoxanes, and modified alkylaluminoxanes as co-catalysts; the auxiliary agent pipe can be used to transport one or more auxiliary agents such as chain transfer agents and antifouling agents. The heating device 6 adopts a coil form welded circumferentially to the vessel body. The heating medium enters through the heating inlet pipe 61 at the top of the coil and exits through the heating outlet pipe 62 at the bottom. A valve is installed on the heating inlet pipe 61 to control the flow rate of the heating medium and thus control the temperature. The heating medium includes, but is not limited to, steam and hot oil. The cooling system adopts a jacket form, with the jacket circumferentially positioned around the vessel body. The cooling medium enters through the cooling inlet pipe 71 at the bottom of the jacket and exits through the cooling outlet pipe 72 at the top. A valve is installed on the cooling inlet pipe 71 to control the flow rate of the cooling medium and thus control the temperature. The cooling medium includes, but is not limited to, circulating water, chilled water, or cold oil. Depending on the actual application, the heating device 6 and the cooling device 7 can also be other types, as long as they can meet the heating and cooling requirements of the reaction vessel 1.

[0046] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene also includes an inlet pipe 20 and an exhaust pipe 21. The inlet pipe 20 passes through the reactor 1 and connects to the containment cavity, and an inlet valve 22 is installed on the inlet pipe 20; the exhaust pipe 21 passes through the reactor 1 and connects to the containment cavity, and an exhaust valve 23 is installed on the exhaust pipe 21.

[0047] When the reaction takes place in reactor 1, contact with oxygen should be avoided as much as possible. To achieve this, before the reaction begins, the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 are opened, and an inert gas, such as nitrogen, is injected into reactor 1 through the inlet pipe 20. The injected nitrogen replaces the existing air in reactor 1, which is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 21. Based on experience, after a certain period of nitrogen injection, the existing air in reactor 1 is completely replaced. At this point, the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 are closed, and the feed valves 19 are opened to begin the reaction process. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, both the air inlet pipe 20 and the exhaust pipe 21 are located at the top of the reactor 1.

[0048] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene also includes an oxygen concentration meter (not shown) and a controller (not shown). The oxygen concentration meter is mounted on the exhaust pipe 21; the input of the controller is communicatively connected to the output of the oxygen concentration meter, and the output of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminals of the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23. With this configuration, the controller can determine the timing of inert gas replacement completion based on the oxygen content in the gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 21, and then control the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 to automatically close.

[0049] During the gas replacement process, inert gas is continuously injected through the inlet pipe 20, and gas in the reactor 1 is continuously discharged through the exhaust pipe 21. An oxygen concentration meter monitors the oxygen concentration data in the gas discharged through the exhaust pipe 21 in real time and transmits the oxygen concentration data to the controller. The controller has a pre-stored set oxygen concentration indicating the completion of gas replacement and compares the detected oxygen concentration data with the set oxygen concentration. When the oxygen concentration data is less than or equal to the set oxygen concentration, it indicates that the inert gas replacement is complete. At this time, the controller closes both the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23. Then, the operator can open the feed valves 19 on each feed pipe and the heating device 6 to begin mixing the materials and the reaction process. The controller's control logic for opening and closing the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 based on changes in oxygen concentration data can be implemented using existing mature algorithms; its specific working principle will not be elaborated here. Furthermore, the control terminals of the feed valves 19 on each feed pipe can also be connected to the output terminal of the controller, so that when the oxygen concentration data meets the requirements, the controller closes the inlet valve 22 and the exhaust valve 23 while simultaneously opening each feed valve 19.

[0050] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene also includes a pressure relief pipe 24, which passes through the reactor 1 and connects to the containment cavity. A pressure relief valve 25 is installed on the pressure relief pipe 24. As the reaction continues in the reactor 1, the temperature and pressure inside the reactor 1 rise accordingly. When the pressure rises to a certain level, it is necessary to release some pressure to avoid potential dangers caused by excessive pressure. Based on experience, the pressure relief valve 25 can be opened to release pressure after the reaction has proceeded for a certain period of time, and then closed after a certain period of time, without affecting the continuous and stable progress of the reaction.

[0051] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization to 1-butene production reaction system also includes a local pressure gauge 26 and a remote pressure gauge 27. The local pressure gauge 26 monitors and displays the pressure inside the reactor 1; the remote pressure gauge 27 monitors the pressure inside the reactor 1; the input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the remote pressure gauge 27, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the pressure relief valve 25. With this configuration, the controller can obtain real-time pressure data inside the reactor 1 through the remote pressure gauge 27 and control the opening of the pressure relief valve 25 when the pressure exceeds the limit. Simultaneously, on-site personnel can also visually observe the pressure inside the reactor 1 through the local pressure gauge 26, monitor the pressure dynamics inside the reactor 1, and manually open the pressure relief valve 25 if the pressure exceeds the limit but the controller malfunctions and fails to open it in time, ensuring the safety of the reaction inside the reactor 1.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, both the local pressure gauge 26 and the remote pressure gauge 27 are installed on the top of the reactor 1. The local pressure gauge 26 monitors the pressure data inside the reactor 1 in real time and can display it in scale or digital form. The remote pressure gauge 27 also monitors the pressure data inside the reactor 1 in real time and transmits the pressure data to the controller. The controller has a preset high pressure value and compares the monitored pressure data with the preset high pressure value. When the pressure data is greater than or equal to the preset high pressure value, the controller controls the pressure relief valve 25 to open. The controller also has a preset low pressure value. When the monitored pressure data is less than the preset low pressure value, the controller controls the pressure relief valve 25 to close. The control logic of the controller controlling the opening and closing of the pressure relief valve 25 based on the pressure data changes can be implemented using existing mature algorithms, and its specific working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0053] Optionally, the inner diameter of the outlet side of the mixing feed manifold 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of its inlet side; the angle between the mixing feed manifold 5 and the horizontal plane is 0-60°. The larger inner diameter of the inlet side of the mixing feed manifold 5 is to facilitate the introduction of the front-end mixed material, while the smaller inner diameter of the outlet side helps to increase the impact force of the mixed material entering the reactor 1, preventing polymer blockage at the reactor 1's inlet. Simultaneously, tilting the mixing feed manifold 5 within the aforementioned angle range ensures that the material undergoes rotational mixing within the reactor 1.

[0054] The angle between the mixing feed manifold 5 and the horizontal plane can be set to 1°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55° or 60°, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within this range are also applicable, and 10-30° is preferred.

[0055] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene also includes a safety pipe 28, which penetrates the reactor 1 and connects to the containment cavity. A safety valve 29 and a rupture disc 30 are installed inside the safety pipe 28. The safety valve 29 and the rupture disc 30 constitute a pressure protection device. When the pressure inside the reactor 1 becomes too high, the high-pressure gas and liquid rupture the rupture disc 30 and the safety valve 29 to release pressure, preventing accidents such as an explosion of the reactor 1.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the rupture disc 30 is located closer to reactor 1, while the safety valve 29 is located further away. When the pressure inside reactor 1 is too high, the pressure is first released at the rupture disc 30, and then released through the safety valve 29, preventing the mixture from directly contacting the safety valve 29 and causing blockage of the safety valve 29's inlet pipeline. The rupture disc 30 and the safety valve 29 are mature existing technologies, and their specific structures will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Optionally, the ethylene dimerization to 1-butene production reaction system also includes a liquid phase thermometer 31, which monitors the liquid temperature in the reactor 1; the input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the liquid phase thermometer 31, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminals of the heating device 6 and the cooling device 7.

[0058] A liquid phase thermometer 31 monitors the temperature data of the liquid mixture in the reactor 1 in real time and transmits the temperature data to the controller. The controller has pre-stored a high set temperature and a low set temperature. After receiving the temperature data, the controller compares it with the high set temperature and the low set temperature. If the monitored temperature data is greater than or equal to the high set temperature, it indicates that the temperature in the reactor 1 is too high. In this case, the controller controls the heating device 6 to shut down and the cooling device 7 to turn on. If the monitored temperature data is less than or equal to the low set temperature, it indicates that the temperature in the reactor 1 is too low. In this case, the controller controls the cooling device 7 to shut down and the heating device 6 to turn on. If the monitored temperature data is greater than the low set temperature and less than the high set temperature, it indicates that the temperature in the reactor 1 is suitable, and the current state is maintained. The controller adjusts the start and stop control logic of the heating device 6 and the cooling device 7 according to the temperature data. This can be achieved using existing mature algorithms, and its specific working principle will not be elaborated here. In addition, a gas phase thermometer 32 can also be set to monitor the gas phase temperature in the reactor 1. The gas phase temperature can help understand the temperature situation in the reactor 1.

[0059] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene, connected to the ethylene feed line. Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the ethylene dimerization system for producing 1-butene also includes multiple ethylene feed lines 33. Each ethylene feed line 33 passes through the reactor 1 and is tangentially arranged to the inner wall of the reactor 1. Each ethylene feed line 33 is equipped with a regulating valve 34 and a flow meter 35. The input end of the controller is communicatively connected to the output end of each flow meter 35, and the output end of the controller is communicatively connected to the control end of each regulating valve 34. Using the ethylene feed lines 33, when a large amount of ethylene needs to be replenished, ethylene can be simultaneously injected into the reactor 1 through the ethylene feed pipe 13 and the ethylene feed lines 33. Since the ethylene feed lines 33 are tangentially arranged to the inner wall of the reactor 1, no stirring device is required. Furthermore, the ethylene feeds tangentially, colliding with the mixture entering tangentially along the inner wall of the reactor 1 through the mixing feed main pipe 5, increasing the mixing intensity and improving the heat transfer effect within the reactor 1.

[0060] During the reaction, a portion of the reaction product in reactor 1 can be extracted for analysis and testing to obtain the 1-butene content. Based on the 1-butene content, the feed rate of each material can be adjusted. When the analysis indicates a need to significantly increase the ethylene feed, one or more ethylene feed lines 33 can be selected, and the regulating valve 34 on the corresponding ethylene feed line 33 can be opened to simultaneously supply ethylene into reactor 1 along with the ethylene feed pipe 13. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, three ethylene feed sub-lines 33 are provided, which, along with the mixed feed main pipe 5, are equally spaced around the reactor 1. Each ethylene feed sub-line 33 is equipped with a flow meter 35. All three ethylene feed sub-lines 33 are connected to the ethylene feed main line 36, which provides ethylene to each ethylene feed sub-line 33. When the regulating valve 34 on one or more ethylene feed sub-lines 33 is opened, the corresponding flow meter 35 is simultaneously activated. Each flow meter 35 monitors the ethylene flow rate data flowing through its respective ethylene feed sub-line 33 and transmits the ethylene flow rate data to the controller. The controller is input with the desired total ethylene flow rate to be delivered through each ethylene feed sub-line 33. The controller adds the ethylene flow rate data monitored by each flow meter 35. When the result is greater than or equal to the total ethylene flow rate, the controller controls each regulating valve 34 to close. The controller controls the opening and closing of regulating valve 34 based on ethylene flow data. This can be achieved using existing mature algorithms, and its specific working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Optionally, check valves 37 are installed on the solvent feed pipe 12, ethylene feed pipe 13, auxiliary agent feed pipe 15, co-catalyst feed pipe 16, main catalyst feed pipe 18, and the mixing feed main pipe 5, respectively. The check valves 37 are installed to prevent cross-contamination of materials conveyed in each feed pipe, ensuring continuous conveying of materials and guaranteeing stable and continuous reaction.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization, characterized in that, include: A reaction vessel, wherein a receiving cavity is provided inside the reaction vessel, and an inlet, an outlet and a discharge port are provided in connection with the receiving cavity. The outlet is connected to a discharge pipe and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe. The discharge port is connected to a discharge pipe and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe. A first feed mixer, the first inlet of which is connected to a solvent feed pipe, and the second inlet of which is connected to an ethylene feed pipe; The second feed mixer has a first inlet connected to the outlet of the first feed mixer via a first connecting pipe, a second inlet connected to the additive feed pipe, and a third inlet connected to the catalyst feed pipe. The third feed mixer has a first inlet connected to the outlet of the second feed mixer via a second connecting pipe, and a second inlet connected to the main catalyst feed pipe. A mixing feed manifold is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the third feed mixer, and the outlet of which is connected to the feed inlet. The manifold is tangential to the inner wall of the reactor. When the mixed material enters the reactor, it generates an impact force along the tangential direction. The later-entering mixed material drives the earlier-entering mixed material in the reactor to rotate, thus promoting mass and heat transfer of the mixed material. Feed valves are respectively installed on the solvent feed pipe, the ethylene feed pipe, the auxiliary agent feed pipe, the co-catalyst feed pipe, the main catalyst feed pipe and the mixing feed main pipe; A heating device is disposed around the periphery of the reactor. A cooling device is provided around the reactor.

2. The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An air inlet pipe passes through the reactor and connects to the receiving cavity; an air inlet valve is installed on the air inlet pipe. An exhaust pipe is provided, which passes through the reactor and connects to the containment cavity. An exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

3. The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: An oxygen concentration meter, which is installed on the exhaust pipe; The controller has its input terminal communicatively connected to the output terminal of the oxygen concentration meter, and its output terminal communicatively connected to the control terminals of the intake valve and the exhaust valve.

4. The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure relief pipe is provided, which passes through the reactor and connects to the containment cavity. A pressure relief valve is installed on the pressure relief pipe.

5. The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A field pressure gauge, which monitors and displays the pressure inside the reactor; A remote pressure gauge that monitors the pressure inside the reactor. The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the remote pressure gauge, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of the pressure relief valve.

6. The reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the outlet side of the mixing feed manifold is smaller than the inner diameter of its inlet side. The angle between the mixing feed manifold and the horizontal plane is 0-60°.

7. The ethylene dimerization reaction system for producing 1-butene according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Also includes: A safety tube extends through the reactor and connects to the containment cavity. A safety valve and a rupture disc are installed inside the safety tube.

8. The reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, Also includes: A liquid phase thermometer, which monitors the liquid temperature inside the reactor; The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of the liquid phase thermometer, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminals of the heating device and the cooling device.

9. The reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple ethylene feed lines are provided, each of which passes through the reactor and is tangential to the inner wall of the reactor. Each of the ethylene feed lines is equipped with a regulating valve and a flow meter. The input terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the output terminal of each of the flow meters, and the output terminal of the controller is communicatively connected to the control terminal of each of the regulating valves.

10. The reaction system for producing 1-butene from ethylene dimerization according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Check valves are installed on the solvent feed pipe, the ethylene feed pipe, the auxiliary agent feed pipe, the co-catalyst feed pipe, the main catalyst feed pipe, and the mixing feed main pipe, respectively.

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