A universal automatic dismounting device for ship hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The application discloses a universal automatic dismounting device for a ship hydraulic cylinder, wherein a cylinder body anti-rotation mechanism is used for limiting the rotation of the cylinder body during threaded dismounting, a cylinder body rear support adjusting mechanism is used for positioning the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and the cylinder body is fixed by being pressed by an oil cylinder, and front and rear combination is used for automatically adjusting the cylinder body; a front end cover dismounting mechanism is used for dismounting and mounting the threaded front end cover, and is used for tightening or loosening; a laser probe detection mechanism is used for detecting the central axis of the cylinder body; a piston rod centering and positioning mechanism is used for centering and positioning the piston rod, and the piston rod axis is coincided with the working generatrix; and a piston rod positioning and pushing and pulling mechanism is used for accurately positioning the piston rod and pushing the piston rod into the cylinder body. The automatic dismounting device for the ship hydraulic cylinder can realize automatic centering of the hydraulic cylinder dismounting through automatic detection and automatic adjustment, and can be compatible with oil cylinders with different diameters and lengths and end covers with different diameters to realize automatic tightening and loosening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship repair technology, and more specifically to a universal automatic disassembly and assembly device for ship hydraulic cylinders. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion. It has a simple structure and reliable operation. When used to achieve reciprocating motion, it eliminates the need for a speed reduction device, eliminates transmission backlash, and provides smooth movement. Therefore, it is widely used in the hydraulic systems of various machines.

[0003] Marine machinery primarily employs single-piston hydraulic cylinders. These are further categorized into threaded and bolted types based on the method of gland removal. They are commonly used in various shipboard cranes, lifeboat racks, watertight doors, hatch covers, tensioners, and other applications. The range of cylinder diameters and sizes is broad, with hydraulic cylinders ranging from 120mm to 400mm in diameter and 600mm to 6000mm in length accounting for a significant proportion of maintenance work.

[0004] Currently, during dry-docking repairs, ship hydraulic cylinders are disassembled and inspected entirely manually. This method is labor-intensive, requires high technical skills, and necessitates experienced construction personnel. The cylinders come in various specifications, each requiring specialized tooling, resulting in high material consumption and prolonged occupation of the crane. Construction personnel must rely on experience to judge plunger alignment and the force required for disassembling and inspecting the threaded cap. The clearance between the anti-friction ring inside the plunger head and the cylinder body bore is 0.10–0.15 mm; insufficient experience or negligence in thread handling can easily damage the oil seal and threads. Furthermore, the frequent transfers are labor-intensive and resource-intensive, and the plungers are prone to impacts, damaging the chrome plating.

[0005] Existing technologies offer simple tooling that can solve some of the problems with reassembling hydraulic cylinders, but it cannot translate experience into standard operations. Workers still need to have a high level of skill and experience to achieve complete disassembly and assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art and provide a universal automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders, so as to achieve a compact structure and be compatible with cylinders of different diameters and lengths as well as end caps of different diameters to achieve automatic tightening and loosening, reduce tooling manufacturing, improve work efficiency, and improve operational safety.

[0007] This invention provides a universal automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders, including a base and mounted on the base a cylinder anti-rotation mechanism, a cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism, a front cover removal mechanism, a laser probe detection mechanism, a piston rod centering positioning mechanism, and a piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism. The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism is located at one end of the base and is used to limit the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder body during threaded disassembly and assembly. Two sets of cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms are installed adjacently on the base for mounting and fixing the hydraulic cylinder body. The front cover removal mechanism is located on the base and is used for adjusting the hydraulic cylinder body. The threaded front end cover of the hydraulic cylinder is disassembled and installed; the laser probe detection mechanism is located above the front end cover disassembly mechanism and is used to detect the central axis of the cylinder body, providing data for automatic cylinder body adjustment; the piston rod centering positioning mechanism is located on the machine base and on one side of the front end cover disassembly mechanism, and is used to center and clamp the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod axis coincides with the working generatrix; the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism is located at the other end of the machine base and is used to position the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and push or pull the piston rod into or out of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] The base of this invention supports components such as a cylinder anti-rotation mechanism, a cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism, an end cap removal mechanism, a laser probe detection mechanism, a piston rod centering and positioning mechanism, a piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism, and a drive system. The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism, cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism, end cap removal mechanism, piston rod centering and positioning mechanism, and piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism are all mounted on a base track and move horizontally on the base track through the cooperation of a motor and gears, adjusting their relative positions to match different specifications of hydraulic cylinders.

[0009] The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism limits cylinder rotation during threaded disassembly and assembly. The cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism is used to install and fix the hydraulic cylinder body. The adjustment mechanism has two support seats, front and rear, which position the cylinder body and clamp it in place using a hydraulic cylinder. The front and rear combinations enable automatic cylinder adjustment. The front cover removal mechanism is used to disassemble and install the threaded front cover. By fixing the front cover and rotating it forward or backward, it tightens or loosens the cover. The laser probe detection mechanism is used to detect the cylinder's central axis, providing data support for automatic cylinder adjustment and preventing damage to the hydraulic cylinder due to central axis deviation. The piston rod centering and positioning mechanism is used to center and clamp the piston rod, aligning its axis with the working generatrix. The piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism is used to precisely position the piston rod and push it into the cylinder body.

[0010] Furthermore, the front cover disassembly mechanism is located between the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism and the piston rod centering positioning mechanism, and includes a main support, a rotary gear assembly, a chuck assembly, a first guide rail assembly, and front and rear drive motors; the rotary gear assembly is mounted on the main support and is used to realize the rotation of the chuck assembly; the first guide rail assembly is mounted on the rotary gear assembly; the front and rear drive motors are used to drive the main support to move back and forth on the machine base; the chuck assembly is mounted on the first guide rail assembly and can slide along the first guide rail assembly, and the chuck assembly is used to clamp the front cover of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotary gear assembly includes a first hydraulic motor, a first drive gear, a rotary support plate, and a driven gear; the first hydraulic motor is located on one side of the main support, and the first drive gear is located on the other side of the main support, and the two are connected by a drive shaft; the rotary support plate is fixed to the main support, and the driven gear is located between the rotary support plate and the main support, and meshes with the first drive gear; the first guide rail assembly is mounted on the rotary support plate; the first hydraulic motor drives the first drive gear to drive the rotation of the driven gear, thereby realizing the screwing in and unscrewing of the end cap.

[0012] Furthermore, the chuck assembly comprises two sets, each mounted on the first guide rail assembly; including a first slide block, a first slide rail, left and right dovetail slides, front and rear dovetail slides, and a toothed chuck; the first guide rail assembly includes a guide rail group, a first slider mounted on the guide rail group, a first lead screw group, a first sliding spline shaft, a second hydraulic motor, and a clutch cylinder; the second hydraulic motor is fixed on the main support, and the first sliding spline shaft is mounted on the rotary support plate; the clutch cylinder is mounted on one side of the hydraulic motor; the first sliding spline shaft and the second hydraulic motor... The system features a point-contact connection; the first slide block is fixedly mounted on the first slider; the first slide rail is laterally fixed on the first slide block; the left and right dovetail slides are movably mounted on the first slide rail, with one side of the front and rear dovetail slides fitting and fixing the left and right dovetail slides, and the other side fixing the toothed chuck; the toothed chuck drives the first lead screw assembly to clamp up and down via the first sliding spline shaft, and the second hydraulic motor transmits power to the first sliding spline shaft, and the clutch cylinder controls the on / off connection of the power between the second hydraulic motor and the first sliding spline shaft.

[0013] The main support of the front cover removal mechanism is a key component. The toothed chuck connects to the front and rear dovetail slides, enabling the chuck to float back and forth. The front and rear dovetail slides are equipped with detectors to check the thread unscrewing status and transmit the signal to the front and rear drive motors for dynamic adjustment of the front and rear positions. The front and rear dovetail slides connect to the left and right dovetail slides, allowing the toothed chuck to float left and right. The vertical clamping of the two sets of toothed chucks is precisely guided by a guide rail assembly. The first sliding spline shaft drives the first lead screw assembly for vertical clamping. The first sliding spline shaft is connected to the second hydraulic motor, transmitting power to the spline shaft. A clutch cylinder controls the on / off connection of the power between the second hydraulic motor and the first sliding spline shaft. The rotation of the removal part is supported by a driven gear. The first hydraulic motor drives the first drive gear, which in turn drives the driven gear, thus enabling the end cover to be screwed in and out.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser probe detection mechanism is mounted above the front cover disassembly mechanism and includes a main detection support, a detection module, and a moving module; the main detection support is fixed above the front cover disassembly mechanism; the moving module is mounted on the main detection support and the detection module is fixed at the front end of the moving module; the moving module is used to realize the horizontal and vertical movement of the detection module.

[0015] Furthermore, the moving module includes a Z-axis module and an X-axis module; the Z-axis module is installed on both sides of the main detection support, and the X-axis module is orthogonally connected to the Z-axis module; the detection module includes a rotary cylinder, a probe support, a probe mechanism, and a detection head connected in sequence; the detection head is inserted into the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder through the X-axis module for detection, first detecting the vertical and horizontal front-back positions of the cylinder body, then driving the probe mechanism to rotate 90° through the rotary cylinder, and then detecting the horizontal and horizontal front-back positions of the cylinder body to simulate the central axis of the cylinder body.

[0016] After the cylinder body is fixed in position by the cylinder body rear support adjustment mechanism, the detection main bracket moves forward and approaches the cylinder body end face. The Z-axis module and X-axis module are automatically adjusted to the appropriate size according to the inner diameter of the product. The two modules are orthogonally connected and are controlled in a closed loop by a servo motor and a grating ruler to achieve precise positioning. The detection head is inserted into the cylinder body for detection on both sides through the X-axis module. First, the front and back positions of the cylinder body are detected. Then, the probe mechanism is driven to rotate 90° by a rotary cylinder to detect the front and back positions of the cylinder body on both sides, thus comprehensively simulating the central axis of the cylinder body.

[0017] Furthermore, the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism consists of two sets, which, from bottom to top, include a support base, a lifting drive assembly, a horizontal drive assembly, and a V-shaped positioning plate. The V-shaped positioning plate has cylinder mounting seats on both sides. A cylinder drive assembly is located on one side of each cylinder mounting seat, passing through the cylinder mounting seat and ending with a wedge. The support base is slidably mounted on the machine base. The lifting drive assembly is used to realize the lifting movement of the V-shaped positioning plate. The horizontal drive assembly is used to drive the horizontal movement of the V-shaped positioning plate. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the V-shaped positioning plate for centering and positioning. The cylinder drive assembly drives the wedge to press the cylinder body firmly onto the V-shaped positioning plate. The cylinder body's angle, left-right, and up-down adjustments are achieved through the front-to-back combination of the two sets of cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms, thereby aligning the cylinder body's central axis with the equipment's reference axis.

[0018] Furthermore, the lifting drive assembly includes a second lead screw assembly, a rotating shaft, a lead screw drive motor, a second guide rail assembly, a second slider, a lifting base, and a conveyor belt. The second lead screw assembly is connected to the lead screw drive motor via the conveyor belt. The second guide rail assembly is mounted on the support base. The second slider is fixed on both sides of the lifting base. The horizontal drive assembly is mounted above the rotating shaft. The lead screw drive motor drives the second lead screw assembly to rotate, thereby rotating the rotating shaft and causing the second slider to slide up and down along the second guide rail assembly, thus realizing the raising and lowering of the entire lifting base.

[0019] Furthermore, the horizontal drive assembly includes a first horizontal fixed seat, a bottom dovetail slide, and a second horizontal fixed seat. The first horizontal fixed seat is fixed to the rotating shaft. A horizontal drive motor is provided at one end of the bottom dovetail slide. The V-shaped positioning plate is disposed on the second horizontal fixed seat. The bottom dovetail slide is driven to move horizontally relative to the first horizontal fixed seat by the horizontal drive motor, thereby realizing the horizontal position adjustment of the V-shaped positioning plate.

[0020] The working principle of the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism is as follows: The cylinder body is placed on the V-shaped positioning plate for centering and positioning. The upper wedges driven by the two cylinders press the cylinder body tightly against the V-shaped blocks. The bottom dovetail slide is connected to the clamping mechanism, and the motor drives the drive screw to move the cylinder body left and right. The bottom of the slide is connected to a rotating shaft, which drives the slide seat to rotate and adjust. The bottom of the rotating seat drives the entire upper part to lift and adjust via a screw, with precise sliding guidance via guide rails. The angle, left and right, and up and down adjustment of the cylinder body are achieved by the front and rear combination of the two cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms. This adjusts the central axis of the cylinder body to the reference axis of the equipment. Furthermore, the cylinder anti-rotation mechanism includes an anti-rotation base, an anti-rotation drive assembly, a second drive gear, an anti-rotation gear disc, and a lifting chuck assembly; the anti-rotation base is slidably mounted on the machine base; the anti-rotation drive assembly is fixed to one side of the anti-rotation base, the second drive gear is connected to the anti-rotation drive assembly and can rotate under the drive of the anti-rotation drive assembly; the anti-rotation gear disc meshes with the second drive gear; the lifting chuck assembly is fixed on the anti-rotation gear disc, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped by adjusting the lifting chuck assembly;

[0021] The piston rod centering positioning mechanism includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod centering base, a centering detection mechanism, and a centering positioning clamp; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed by the centering positioning clamp, and the piston rod is precisely positioned by the centering detection mechanism.

[0022] The piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod positioning push-pull base, a horizontal adjustment component, and a push-pull fixing component. One end of the push-pull fixing component is provided with a positioning detection mechanism, and the other end is provided with a push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component. By inserting the piston rod into the push-pull fixing component and fixing it with the push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component, and by driving the piston rod positioning push-pull base to move on the machine base, the piston rod can be pushed into or pulled out of the cylinder.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention relates to an automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders. The device enables automatic detection and adjustment for centering of hydraulic cylinders, and is compatible with cylinders of different diameters and lengths. It also automatically tightens and loosens end caps of different diameters, reducing the need for tooling fabrication. Simultaneously, it collects information, establishes a database, guides disassembly and inspection, and establishes standardized operating procedures, reducing labor intensity and the number of personnel and skill requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the anti-rotation mechanism of the cylinder body of the automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front structural diagram of the front cover disassembly mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the front cover disassembly mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the front cover disassembly mechanism and the laser probe detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the laser probe detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the piston rod centering and positioning mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in more detail. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0037] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0038] Example

[0039] This invention provides a universal automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a base 1 and, sequentially mounted on the base 1, a cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2, two adjacent sets of cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms 3, a front cover removal mechanism 4, a laser probe detection mechanism 5 mounted on the front cover removal mechanism 4, a piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6 slidably connected to the base 1, and a piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7. The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2 is located at one end of the base 1 and is used to limit the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder body during thread disassembly and assembly. The two sets of cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms 3 are installed adjacently on the base 1 and are used to install and fix the hydraulic cylinder body. The front cover removal mechanism... Mechanism 4 is mounted on the base 1 and is used to disassemble and install the threaded front end cover of the hydraulic cylinder; the laser probe detection mechanism 5 is located above the front end cover disassembly mechanism 4 and is used to detect the central axis of the cylinder body, providing data for automatic cylinder body adjustment; the piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6 is mounted on the base 1 and located on one side of the front end cover disassembly mechanism 4, and is used to center and clamp the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod axis coincides with the working generatrix; the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 is located at the other end of the base 1 and is used to position the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and push or pull the piston rod into or out of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. The base 1 is equipped with a track, rack, and other structures, with the rack and track parallel to each other. The bottom of the cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2, the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3, the front cover disassembly mechanism 4, the piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6, and the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 are all equipped with a slide and a motor. A gear is mounted on the motor shaft, driving the motor shaft to rotate the gear horizontally. The gear meshes with the rack, and the slide is fitted onto the track, enabling horizontal movement. Each motor is linked to the control center in the background, adjusting the position of each mechanism on the track according to the model of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2 includes an anti-rotation base 21, an anti-rotation drive assembly 22, a second drive gear 23, an anti-rotation gear disk 24, and a lifting chuck assembly 25. The anti-rotation base 21 is slidably mounted on the machine base 1. The anti-rotation drive assembly 22 is fixed to one side of the anti-rotation base 21. The second drive gear 23 is connected to the anti-rotation drive assembly 22 and can rotate under the drive of the anti-rotation drive assembly 22. The anti-rotation gear disk 24 meshes with the second drive gear 23. The lifting chuck assembly 25 is fixed on the anti-rotation gear disk 24. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped by adjusting the lifting chuck assembly 25. When a torsional force occurs, the lifting chuck assembly 25 clamps the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is fixed and anti-rotated by the reverse torsional force of the anti-rotation gear disk 24.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3 consists of two sets, which, from bottom to top, include a support base 31, a lifting drive assembly 32, a horizontal drive assembly 33, and a V-shaped positioning plate 35. The V-shaped positioning plate 35 has cylinder mounting seats 36 on both sides. A cylinder drive assembly 37 is located on one side of the cylinder mounting seat 36, passing through the cylinder mounting seat 36 and ending with a wedge 38. The support base 31 is slidably mounted on the machine base 1. The lifting drive assembly 32 is used to realize the lifting movement of the V-shaped positioning plate 35. The horizontal drive assembly 33 is used to drive the horizontal movement of the V-shaped positioning plate 35. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the V-shaped positioning plate 35 for centering and positioning. The cylinder drive assembly 37 drives the wedge 38 to press the cylinder body tightly onto the V-shaped positioning plate 35. The cylinder body's angle, left-right, and up-down adjustments are achieved through the front-to-back combination of the two sets of cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms 3, thereby adjusting the cylinder body's central axis to the equipment's reference axis.

[0042] Combination Figures 3-4 As shown, the lifting drive assembly 32 includes a second lead screw assembly 321, a rotating shaft 322, a lead screw drive motor 323, a second guide rail assembly 324, a second slider 325, a lifting base 326, and a conveyor belt 327. The second lead screw assembly 321 is connected to the lead screw drive motor 323 via the conveyor belt 327. The second guide rail assembly 324 is mounted on the support base 31. The second slider 325 is fixed on both sides of the lifting base 326. The horizontal drive assembly 33 is mounted above the rotating shaft 322. The lead screw drive motor 323 drives the second lead screw assembly 321 to rotate, thereby rotating the rotating shaft 322. This causes the second slider 325 to slide up and down along the second guide rail assembly 324, thus realizing the raising and lowering of the entire lifting base 326.

[0043] Combination Figures 3-4As shown, the horizontal drive assembly 33 includes a first horizontal fixed seat 331, a bottom dovetail slide 332, and a second horizontal fixed seat 333. The first horizontal fixed seat 331 is fixed to the rotating shaft 322. A horizontal drive motor assembly 334 is provided at one end of the bottom dovetail slide 332. The V-shaped positioning plate 35 is disposed on the second horizontal fixed seat 333. The bottom dovetail slide 332 is driven to move horizontally relative to the first horizontal fixed seat 331 by the horizontal drive motor assembly 334, thereby realizing the horizontal position adjustment of the V-shaped positioning plate 35.

[0044] The working principle of the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3 is as follows: the cylinder body is placed on the V-shaped positioning plate 35 for centering and positioning; the two cylinders drive the upper wedges 38 to press the cylinder body tightly against the V-shaped blocks; the bottom dovetail slide 332 is connected to the clamping mechanism, and the cylinder body moves left and right through the drive screw driven by the motor; the bottom of the slide is connected to the rotating shaft 322, which drives the slide seat to rotate and adjust; the bottom of the rotating seat drives the entire upper part to lift and adjust through the screw, with precise sliding guidance through the guide rail. The angle, left and right, and up and down adjustment of the cylinder body are achieved by the front and rear combination of the two cylinder rear support adjustment mechanisms 3. Thus, the central axis of the cylinder body is adjusted to the reference axis of the equipment.

[0045] The front cover disassembly mechanism 4 is located between the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3 and the piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6, such as Figures 5-7As shown, the mechanism includes a main support 41, a first hydraulic motor 42, a first drive gear 43, a rotary support plate 44, and a driven gear 45; it also includes two sets of chuck assemblies 46, specifically including a first slide block 461, a first slide rail 462, left and right dovetail slides 463, front and rear dovetail slides 464, and a toothed chuck 465; the front end cover removal mechanism 4 also includes a first guide rail assembly 47, which includes a guide rail group 471, a first slider 472 mounted on the guide rail group 471, a first lead screw group 473, a first sliding spline shaft 474, a second hydraulic motor 475, and a clutch cylinder 476; the lower inner side of the main support 41 is also provided with a front and rear drive motor 477 for driving the entire front end cover removal mechanism to move horizontally on the base 1. The first hydraulic motor 42 is located on one side of the main support 41, and the first drive gear 43 is located on the other side of the main support 41. The two are connected by a drive shaft. The rotary support plate 44 is fixed to the main support 41, and the driven gear 45 is located between the rotary support plate 44 and the main support 41 and meshes with the first drive gear 43. The first guide rail assembly 47 is mounted on the rotary support plate 44. The first hydraulic motor 42 drives the first drive gear 43 to drive the rotation of the driven gear 45, thereby realizing the screwing in and unscrewing of the end cap. The second hydraulic motor 475 is fixed on the main support 41, and the first sliding spline shaft 474 is mounted on the rotary support plate 44. The clutch cylinder 476 is mounted on one side of the hydraulic motor. The first sliding spline shaft 474 and the second hydraulic motor 475 are connected in a point-contact manner. The first slide block 461 is fixedly mounted on the first slider 472. The first slide rail 462 is laterally fixed on the first slide block 461. The left and right dovetail slides 463 are movably mounted on the first slide rail 462. One side of the front and rear dovetail slides 464 is attached to and fixed to the left and right dovetail slides 463, and the other side is fixed to the toothed chuck 465. The toothed chuck 465 drives the first lead screw assembly 473 to clamp up and down through the first sliding spline shaft 474. The second hydraulic motor 475 transmits power to the first sliding spline shaft 474, and the clutch cylinder 476 realizes the on and off control of the power between the second hydraulic motor 475 and the first sliding spline shaft 474.

[0046] The main support 41 of the front cover removal mechanism 4 is the main component. The toothed chuck 465 is connected to the front and rear dovetail slides 464 to realize the floating of the chuck. The front and rear dovetail slides 464 are also equipped with detectors to detect the thread unscrewing status and transmit the signal processing to the front and rear drive motors 477 to realize the dynamic adjustment of the front and rear position. The front and rear dovetail slides 464 are connected to the left and right dovetail slides 463 to realize the left and right floating of the toothed chuck 465. The upper and lower clamping of the two sets of toothed chucks 465 is precisely guided by the guide rail assembly 471. The first sliding spline shaft 474 drives the first lead screw assembly 473 to clamp up and down. The first sliding spline shaft 474 is connected to the second hydraulic motor 475 to transmit power to the spline shaft. The clutch cylinder 476 realizes the on and off control of the power between the second hydraulic motor 475 and the first sliding spline shaft 474. The rotation of the disassembly part is supported by the driven gear 45. The first hydraulic motor 42 drives the first drive gear 43 to drive the rotation of the driven gear 45, thereby realizing the screwing in and unscrewing of the end cover.

[0047] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the laser probe detection mechanism 5 is mounted above the front cover disassembly mechanism 4, as... Figure 8 As shown, the system includes a main detection bracket 51, a detection module 52, a Z-axis module 53, and an X-axis module 54. The main detection bracket 51 is fixed above the front cover removal mechanism 4. The Z-axis module 53 is installed on both sides of the main detection bracket 51, and the X-axis module 54 is orthogonally connected to the Z-axis module 53. The detection module 52 includes a rotary cylinder 521, a probe bracket 522, a probe mechanism 523, and a detection head 524 connected in sequence. The detection head 524 is inserted into the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder through the X-axis module 54 for detection. First, the vertical and horizontal front-to-back positions of the cylinder body are detected. Then, the rotary cylinder 521 drives the probe mechanism 523 to rotate 90°, and then the horizontal and horizontal front-to-back positions of the cylinder body are detected to simulate the central axis of the cylinder body.

[0048] After the cylinder body is fixed in position by the cylinder body rear support adjustment mechanism 3, the detection main bracket 51 moves forward and approaches the cylinder body end face. The Z-axis module 53 and X-axis module 54 are automatically adjusted to a suitable size according to the inner diameter of the product. The two modules are orthogonally connected and are controlled in a closed loop by a servo motor and a grating ruler to achieve precise positioning. The detection head 524 is inserted into the cylinder body for detection on both the left and right sides through the X-axis module 54. First, the front and back positions of the cylinder body are detected. Then, the probe mechanism 523 is driven to rotate 90° by the rotary cylinder 521 to detect the front and back positions of the cylinder body on the left and right sides, thus comprehensively simulating the central axis of the cylinder body.

[0049] like Figure 9As shown, the piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6 includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod centering base 61, a centering detection mechanism 62, and a centering positioning clamp 63; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed by the centering positioning clamp 63, and the piston rod is precisely positioned by the centering detection mechanism 62.

[0050] like Figure 10 As shown, the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod positioning push-pull base 71, a horizontal adjustment component 72, and a push-pull fixing component 73. One end of the push-pull fixing component 73 is equipped with a positioning detection mechanism 74, and the other end is equipped with a push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component 75. By inserting the piston rod into the push-pull fixing component 73 and fixing it with the push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component 75, and by driving the piston rod positioning push-pull base 71 to move on the base 1, the piston rod can be pushed into or pulled out of the cylinder. The horizontal adjustment component 72 is driven by a cylinder to move the entire push-pull fixing component 73 horizontally. The push-pull fixing component 73 automatically clamps the positioned piston rod and achieves precise fixing through the push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component 75. Then, a motor located at the bottom of the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 71 moves the entire piston rod positioning push-pull base 71 back and forth, enabling the piston rod to be pushed into or pulled out of the cylinder.

[0051] The assembly process of the hydraulic cylinder is as follows:

[0052] Manually input or call the hydraulic cylinder model and size, and automatically adjust the cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2, cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3, piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6, piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7, etc. to the appropriate position.

[0053] The cylinder body is placed in the cylinder body rear support adjustment mechanism 3 and automatically clamped and fixed. The laser probe detection mechanism 5 moves forward to initially adjust the vertical and horizontal angles of the cylinder body end face, and then the detection head 524 uses the inner hole to adjust the vertical and horizontal height and angles. The piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6 then automatically centers and precisely positions the piston rod. The moving piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 inserts the push-pull mechanism positioning pin assembly 75, automatically pushing the piston rod into the cylinder body, which can be monitored in real time via pressure detection. The clamping arm is jogged to adjust the angle according to the cylinder body rear foot angle and clamps the cylinder body rear foot. The front end cover removal mechanism 4 is jogged to align the end cover position and automatically tightens the front end cover. The front end cover removal mechanism 4 has torque and position monitoring; this is a conventional method and is not shown in the figure.

[0054] Finally, the hydraulic cylinder connector is manually connected, and a pressure test is conducted. After the test is completed, all clamping mechanisms are automatically released, and the cylinder is lifted away.

[0055] The hydraulic cylinder disassembly process is as follows:

[0056] Similarly, by inputting parameters such as cylinder length and outer diameter, the cylinder anti-rotation mechanism 2, cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism 3, piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6, and piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 are automatically adjusted to the appropriate positions.

[0057] The disassembled cylinder is placed on the cylinder body rear support adjustment mechanism 3, which automatically adjusts to the center. Then, the clamping arm is rotated and clamped according to the cylinder body rear foot angle. After aligning the end cap position by jogging the front cover removal mechanism 4, the front cover is automatically unscrewed, also with torque and position monitoring. Finally, the piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism 7 is moved to insert the positioning pin assembly. The piston rod is automatically pulled out, and the piston rod centering positioning mechanism 6 rises to support the piston rod. The relevant clamping mechanisms are automatically released, and the cylinder body and piston rod can be manually lifted away.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments above, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention should not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention and use them in the design of the present invention, as long as they do not deviate from the technical effects of the present invention. These changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should all be included within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders, characterized in that, Includes a base (1) and a cylinder anti-rotation mechanism (2), a cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism (3), a front cover removal mechanism (4), a laser probe detection mechanism (5), a piston rod centering positioning mechanism (6), and a piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism (7) mounted on the base (1). The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism (2) is located at one end of the base (1) and is used to limit the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder body during thread disassembly and assembly. The cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism (3) consists of two sets, which are installed adjacently on the base (1) for installing and fixing the hydraulic cylinder body; The front cover disassembly mechanism (4) is located on the base (1) and is used to disassemble and install the threaded front cover of the hydraulic cylinder. The laser probe detection mechanism (5) is located above the front cover disassembly mechanism (4) and is used to detect the central axis of the cylinder body, providing data for automatic cylinder body adjustment; The piston rod centering positioning mechanism (6) is located on the machine base (1) and on one side of the front cover disassembly mechanism (4). It is used to center and clamp the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder so that the piston rod axis coincides with the working generatrix. The piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism (7) is located at the other end of the machine base (1) and is used to position the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and push the piston rod into or pull out of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder. The front cover disassembly mechanism (4) is located between the cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism (3) and the piston rod centering positioning mechanism (6), and includes a main support (41), a rotary gear assembly, a chuck assembly (46), a first guide rail assembly (47), and front and rear drive motors (477). The rotary gear assembly is mounted on the main support (41) to enable the chuck assembly (46) to rotate; The first guide rail assembly (47) is mounted on the rotary gear assembly; The front and rear drive motors (477) are used to drive the main support (41) to move back and forth on the base (1); The chuck assembly (46) is mounted on the first guide rail assembly (47) and can slide along the first guide rail assembly (47). The chuck assembly (46) is used to clamp the front end cover of the hydraulic cylinder. The rotary gear assembly includes a first hydraulic motor (42), a first drive gear (43), a rotary support plate (44), and a driven gear (45). The first hydraulic motor (42) is located on one side of the main support (41), and the first drive gear (43) is located on the other side of the main support (41). The two are connected by a drive shaft. The rotary support plate (44) is fixed to the main support (41), and the driven gear (45) is located between the rotary support plate (44) and the main support (41) and meshes with the first drive gear (43). The first guide rail assembly (47) is mounted on the rotary support plate (44). The first hydraulic motor (42) drives the first drive gear (43) to drive the driven gear (45) to rotate, thereby realizing the screwing in and unscrewing of the end cap.

2. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chuck assembly (46) consists of two sets, which are respectively disposed on the first guide rail assembly (47); including a first slide block (461), a first slide rail (462), left and right dovetail slides (463), front and rear dovetail slides (464), and a toothed chuck (465). The first guide rail assembly (47) includes a guide rail group (471), a first slider (472) mounted on the guide rail group (471), a first lead screw group (473), a first sliding spline shaft (474), a second hydraulic motor (475), and a clutch cylinder (476). The second hydraulic motor (475) is fixed on the main support (41), and the first sliding spline shaft (474) is mounted on the rotary support plate (44); the clutch cylinder (476) is mounted on one side of the hydraulic motor. The first sliding spline shaft (474) is connected to the second hydraulic motor (475) in a point-contact manner; The first slide block (461) is fixedly installed on the first slider (472); the first slide rail (462) is horizontally fixed on the first slide block (461); the left and right dovetail slides (463) are movably installed on the first slide rail (462); the front and rear dovetail slides (464) are attached to the left and right dovetail slides (463) on one side and the toothed chuck (465) is fixed on the other side. The toothed chuck (465) drives the first lead screw assembly (473) to clamp up and down via the first sliding spline shaft (474). The second hydraulic motor (475) transmits power to the first sliding spline shaft (474), and the clutch cylinder (476) controls the on / off power of the second hydraulic motor (475) and the first sliding spline shaft (474).

3. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser probe detection mechanism (5) is mounted above the front cover disassembly mechanism (4) and includes a detection main support (51), a detection module (52) and a moving module; The main detection bracket (51) is fixed above the front cover removal mechanism (4); The mobile module is mounted on the main detection support (51), and the detection module (52) is fixed at the front end of the mobile module; the mobile module is used to realize the horizontal and vertical movement of the detection module (52).

4. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 3, characterized in that, The moving module includes a Z-axis module (53) and an X-axis module (54); the Z-axis module (53) is installed on both sides of the main detection support (51), and the X-axis module (54) is orthogonally connected to the Z-axis module (53); the detection module (52) includes a rotary cylinder (521), a probe support (522), a probe mechanism (523), and a detection head (524) connected in sequence. The X-axis module (54) inserts the detection head (524) into the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder for detection. First, the front and back positions of the cylinder are detected. Then, the rotary cylinder (521) drives the probe mechanism (523) to rotate 90° and then detects the front and back positions of the cylinder to simulate the central axis of the cylinder.

5. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder rear support adjustment mechanism (3) consists of two sets, which from bottom to top include a support base (31), a lifting drive assembly (32), a horizontal drive assembly (33), and a V-shaped positioning plate (35). The V-shaped positioning plate (35) is provided with cylinder mounting seats (36) on both sides; a cylinder drive assembly (37) is provided on one side of the cylinder mounting seat (36), the cylinder drive assembly (37) passes through the cylinder mounting seat (36), and a wedge (38) is provided at the end. The support base (31) is slidably mounted on the base (1); the lifting drive assembly (32) is used to realize the lifting movement of the V-shaped positioning plate (35); the horizontal drive assembly (33) is used to drive the horizontal movement of the V-shaped positioning plate (35); The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the V-shaped positioning plate (35) for centering and positioning. The cylinder drive assembly (37) drives the wedge (38) to press the cylinder body onto the V-shaped positioning plate (35). The cylinder body angle, left and right, and up and down are adjusted by the front and rear combination of the two sets of cylinder body rear support adjustment mechanisms (3), so as to adjust the central axis of the cylinder body to the reference axis of the equipment.

6. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting drive assembly (32) includes a second lead screw assembly (321), a rotating shaft (322), a lead screw drive motor (323), a second guide rail assembly (324), a second slider (325), a lifting base (326), and a conveyor belt (327). The second lead screw assembly (321) is connected to the lead screw drive motor (323) via the conveyor belt (327). The second guide rail assembly (324) is mounted on the support base (31). The second slider (325) is fixed on both sides of the lifting base (326). The horizontal drive assembly (33) is mounted above the rotating shaft (322). The second lead screw assembly (321) is driven to rotate by the lead screw drive motor (323), which in turn drives the rotating shaft (322) to rotate; and drives the second slider (325) to slide up and down along the second guide rail assembly (324), thereby realizing the raising and lowering of the entire lifting base (326).

7. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 6, characterized in that, The horizontal drive assembly (33) includes a first horizontal fixed seat (331), a bottom dovetail slide (332) and a second horizontal fixed seat (333). The first horizontal fixed seat (331) is fixed to the rotating shaft (322). A horizontal drive motor assembly (334) is provided at one end of the bottom dovetail slide (332). The V-shaped positioning plate (35) is provided on the second horizontal fixed seat (333). The bottom dovetail slide (332) is driven to move horizontally relative to the first horizontal fixed seat (331) by the horizontal drive motor group (334); thereby realizing the horizontal position adjustment of the V-shaped positioning plate (35).

8. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for marine hydraulic cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder anti-rotation mechanism (2) includes an anti-rotation base (21), an anti-rotation drive assembly (22), a second drive gear (23), an anti-rotation gear disk (24), and a lifting chuck assembly (25). The anti-rotation base (21) is slidably disposed on the machine base (1); the anti-rotation drive assembly (22) is fixed on one side of the anti-rotation base (21), the second drive gear (23) is connected to the anti-rotation drive assembly (22) and can rotate under the drive of the anti-rotation drive assembly (22); the anti-rotation gear disk (24) meshes with the second drive gear (23); the lifting chuck assembly (25) is fixed on the anti-rotation gear disk (24), and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is clamped by adjusting the lifting chuck assembly (25); The piston rod centering positioning mechanism (6) includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod centering base (61), a centering detection mechanism (62), and a centering positioning clamp (63); the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed by the centering positioning clamp (63), and the piston rod is precisely positioned by the centering detection mechanism (62). The piston rod positioning push-pull mechanism (7) includes, from bottom to top, a piston rod positioning push-pull base (71), a horizontal adjustment component (72), and a push-pull fixing component (73). One end of the push-pull fixing component (73) is provided with a positioning detection mechanism (74), and the other end is provided with a push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component (75). By inserting the piston rod into the push-pull fixing component (73) and fixing it by the push-pull mechanism positioning pin insertion component (75), the piston rod can be pushed into or pulled out of the cylinder by driving the piston rod positioning push-pull base (71) to move on the base (1).

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