Current collection head without wire jamming
By setting the connection shaft and universal bushing on the front end of the sliding shoe of the collector head, the pitch hinged shaft is located below the front of the sliding shoe, and changing the position of the electrical connection terminal to a position with a small movement displacement, the problem of the clamping and electrical connection disconnection when the collector head is leaned back at a large angle is solved, and the safety and reliability of the collector head is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510043799.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
AI Technical Summary
When the existing collector head is leaning back at a large angle, a large gap occurs between the sliding shoe and the base, which has a risk of clamping lines. At the same time, the electrical connection terminal position is likely to cause wire disconnection.
A current collector head with no clamping wire is designed. By setting a connecting shaft at the front end of the sliding shoe and passing through it in the universal shaft sleeve, the pitch hinged shaft is located below the front of the sliding shoe, and the electrical connection terminal is changed to the lower end of the connecting shaft, and is located at a position with a small movement displacement.
It effectively avoids the possibility of wire snapping when moving forward in the tilt state, reduces the probability of electrical connection disconnection, and improves the safety and reliability of the collector head.
Smart Images
Figure CN119682545A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of trolleybuses, and in particular to a collector head that does not get stuck. Background Art
[0002] Trolleybuses rely on the collector head on the roof to draw electricity from the busbar to provide power for the vehicle. The collector head must maintain good electrical contact with the busbar under various complex working conditions such as vehicle bumps, turns, deviations, and ups and downs of the busbar. Therefore, the collector head relies on a series of measures such as collector rods and tension springs to ensure that the sliding shoe always presses against the busbar with a certain pressure. In order to adapt to various complex working conditions, the collector head itself is designed to enable the sliding shoe to swing left and right and pitch up and down.
[0003] Since the most common working condition is that the sliding shoe maintains a horizontal state and contacts the busbar, the known collector head sets the up and down pitching hinge axis at the middle and lower position in the length direction of the sliding shoe. Because this position is close to the center of the sliding shoe, the strokes of the front and rear ends are basically symmetrical and similar when pitching, which is conducive to the synchronous wear of the front and rear ends of the carbon brush and will not cause uneven wear.
[0004] However, this arrangement has a long-overlooked defect: because the pitch hinge axis is set in the middle of the sliding shoe, when the sliding shoe is tilted back at a large angle, a large gap will be generated between the sliding shoe and the base, which is like an open mouth, and the tram continues to move forward, and the busbar and its overhead facilities are a net, which not only has cables extending along the direction of vehicle travel, but also has cables, suspensions, arms and other components arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel. When the line is off, the horizontal components may get stuck in the gap between the sliding shoe and the base. If the vehicle continues to move forward, it will pull the busbar net, and in serious cases, it will cause the various poles that fix the busbar to fall down, causing a major accident. In the known technology, in order to avoid wire jamming, a shielding part is set in the pitch direction of the front end of the sliding shoe, but the shielding part is sometimes damaged, and there is still a risk of wire jamming if it is not discovered in time; and the shielding part designed to be solid and heavy affects the flexibility of the sliding shoe, thereby reducing the overall performance of the collector.
[0005] At the same time, when the collector head is in operation, it is affected by the operating state of the vehicle and pitches up and down and swings left and right all the time. The known collector head sets the electrical connection terminal at the rear and tail end of the sliding shoe, which is just at the position where the displacement amplitude is large when the sliding shoe moves. Therefore, during normal operation, the electrical connection terminal of the sliding shoe is more likely to break.
[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing collector head to eliminate this type of safety hazard. Summary of the invention
[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is mainly the problem of a large gap generated when the collector head is tilted backward at a large tilt angle toward the travel direction, which poses a risk of wire jamming.
[0008] The specific technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:
[0009] A collector head without wire jamming comprises a base, a sliding shoe and a universal shaft sleeve, a connecting shaft is fixedly provided at the front end of the sliding shoe, the connecting shaft is rotatably passed through the universal shaft sleeve, a pitch hinge shaft is provided on the universal shaft sleeve, the pitch hinge shaft is arranged at the front lower part of the sliding shoe, and the universal shaft sleeve can rotate around the pitch hinge shaft; the universal shaft sleeve is a component with a cross rotation axis; the lower end of the connecting shaft is an electrical connection end.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, this solution has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0011] The connecting shaft is arranged at the front end of the sliding shoe, and the connecting shaft is passed through the universal shaft sleeve. The pitching movement of the sliding shoe is realized by rotating around the pitching hinge shaft on the universal shaft sleeve. The pitching hinge shaft is located at the front and lower part of the sliding shoe. When the angle changes, the displacement of the sliding shoe mainly occurs behind the pitching hinge shaft, and there is no longer a large gap in the forward direction, thereby avoiding the possibility of forward line jamming in the backward state.
[0012] At the same time, when the collector head is in operation, it is affected by the operating state of the vehicle, and it pitches up and down and swings left and right all the time. The traditional collector head sets the cable connection end at the rear and tail end of the sliding shoe, which is just at the position where the displacement amplitude is large when the sliding shoe moves. Therefore, during normal operation, the sliding shoe electrical connection end is more likely to break the line. In this case, the electrical connection terminal is moved to the lower end of the connecting shaft, which is located at a position with smaller displacement of movement, thereby improving the working conditions of the connecting cable and the connecting terminal during operation and reducing the probability of breakage.
[0013] At the same time, in the research and development of trackless electric heavy trucks, the application scenario of the collector is likely to become the high-speed, relatively straight relative movement of the collector head and the busbar under the control of automatic driving, and there are fewer applications of splitting and merging lines; the carbon brushes have large wear; the known collector is similar to a railway pantograph, using a large-sized carbon slide plate to contact the busbar and then power the vehicle. The use of a carbon slide plate will make the entire structure bulky and not suitable for use on a single truck; this solution can more conveniently increase the length of the slipper to accommodate large-sized carbon brushes, and the longer slipper length can also suppress the horizontal jitter of the slipper during operation to reduce impact; it provides a possible direction for the research and development of current collectors for trackless electric heavy trucks.
[0014] Furthermore, the electrical connection end between the cable and the sliding shoe is independently arranged at the front end of the sliding shoe, which is located at a position with a smaller pitch motion displacement, thereby improving the working condition of the cable and reducing the probability of cable breakage.
[0015] Furthermore, the sliding shoe and the connecting shaft are manufactured in one piece.
[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the axis of the pitching hinge shaft and the bottom surface of the sliding shoe is less than 3 cm. Only when this distance is small enough, the gap at the front end of the collector head will be small enough when pitching.
[0017] Furthermore, a shielding and collision-avoiding part is provided at a position on the base adapted to the front end of the sliding shoe, so as to further ensure that the transverse busbar will not collide with the sliding shoe, or even if it does, the shielding and collision-avoiding part with a streamlined design can guide the transverse busbar to smoothly pass over the sliding shoe, thus avoiding accidents caused by being stuck in the sliding shoe.
[0018] Furthermore, a reset operating mechanism is included, and the reset operating mechanism is used to make the sliding shoe pitch as the angle with the busbar changes, so as to maintain good contact between the sliding shoe and the busbar. The sliding shoe must always maintain good contact with the busbar during operation, so it must have the ability to change as the busbar shape changes, and the reset operating mechanism is the structure that drives it to follow.
[0019] Furthermore, the reset operating mechanism includes a leaf spring and an extension arm, the extension arm extends from the universal shaft sleeve, one end of the leaf spring is fixed to the base or an external component fixedly connected to the base, the other end of the leaf spring is hinged to the extension arm, and the two end points of the leaf spring and the pitch hinge point of the universal shaft sleeve are not on the same line. The leaf spring has a certain elastic deformation in its length direction and in the up-down direction, so its connection with the base or the external component fixedly connected to the base can be a fixed connection. The setting of the extension arm can reduce the requirements for the elastic force of the leaf spring, and a leaf spring of smaller specifications can meet the needs of the site.
[0020] Furthermore, the reset operating mechanism includes a gas spring and an operating hinge shaft arranged on the universal shaft sleeve, one end of the gas spring is hinged to the base or an external component fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the gas spring is hinged to the operating hinge shaft on the universal shaft sleeve, and the two end points of the gas spring and the pitch hinge point of the universal shaft sleeve are not on the same line.
[0021] Furthermore, the reset operating mechanism is a torsion spring respectively arranged at two ends of the pitch hinge shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the universal shaft sleeve, and the other end is fixed on the base.
[0022] Furthermore, the pitch hinge axis includes a pitch axis hole and a rotating shaft, a key is provided in the pitch axis hole, a key slot is provided on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft and the pitch axis hole are connected together via the key, radial slots are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the radial slots are used to fix the ends of the torsion spring.
[0023] Furthermore, circumferential grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the rotating shaft and on both sides of the torsion spring, and the grooves are used to install the retaining springs to fix the positions of the rotating shaft and the torsion spring in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
[0024] This arrangement facilitates overall installation.
[0025] Furthermore, a pitch limiter is provided on the base, and the pitch limiter is used to limit the pitch range of the sliding shoe to avoid the pitch angle of the collector head exceeding the required range and increasing the fault frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the existing collector structure;
[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a universal shaft sleeve in Example 1 of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a universal shaft sleeve in Example 2 of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0034] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0035] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention with some components hidden;
[0036] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a universal shaft sleeve in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0037] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the pitch limiting portion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0038] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of a pitch limiting portion in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0039] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0040] Fig.15 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0041] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of a universal joint sleeve in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0042] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the sliding shoe of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
[0043] In the accompanying drawings, the component names represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:
[0044] 1. Base; 2. Slipper; 3. Carbon brush; 4. Pitch articulated axis; 5. Connecting axis; 6. Electrical connection end; 7. Universal joint sleeve; 8. Shielding and collision avoidance part; 9. Leaf spring; 10. Extension arm; 11. Gas spring; 12. Operating articulated axis; 13. Torsion spring; 14. Pitch axis hole; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Key; 17. Retaining spring; 18. Pitch limit part; 19. Cable; 20. Vertical articulated axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a collector head of the prior art, including a base 1, a sliding shoe 2, a carbon brush 3 arranged in the sliding shoe 2, a shielding and collision avoidance portion 8 is provided on the base 1, a pitch hinge shaft 4 is provided at the middle and lower position of the sliding shoe 2, and an electrical connection terminal 6 is provided at the tail end of the sliding shoe 2, and the tail end is the position with the largest swing amplitude during operation, which is one of the main reasons for the breakage of the cable 19. At the same time, since the pitch hinge shaft 4 is provided at the middle position of the sliding shoe 2, a large angle is formed between the collector head and the base 1 when leaning back, and a large opening gap is formed at the front end. Although a shielding plate is provided in the figure, when the shielding plate is broken, an opening for jamming the wire may be formed at the front end, which may cause a major accident.
[0047] Although currently advanced collectors are equipped with an offline emergency drop function, the power control part is located at the root of the collector pole. Due to the influence of system response time lag, vehicle speed, external conditions, etc., there is still the possibility of line jamming and net pulling.
[0048] Embodiment 1:
[0049] like Figures 2 to 4 and Fig.12As shown, a collector head without wire jamming includes a base 1, a sliding shoe 2, and a universal shaft sleeve 7. A connecting shaft 5 is fixedly provided at the front end of the sliding shoe 2. The connecting shaft 5 is rotatably inserted into the universal shaft sleeve 7. A pitch articulated shaft 4 is provided on the universal shaft sleeve 7. The universal shaft sleeve 7 can rotate around the pitch articulated shaft 4; the lower end of the connecting shaft 5 is an electrical connection end 6.
[0050] Furthermore, the distance between the axis of the pitch articulated shaft 4 and the bottom surface of the sliding shoe 2 is less than 3 cm.
[0051] Furthermore, a shielding and collision-avoiding portion is provided at a position on the base 1 that matches the front end of the sliding shoe 2 .
[0052] Furthermore, a reset operating mechanism is included, and the reset operating mechanism is used to make the sliding shoe 2 pitch as the angle of the busbar changes, so as to maintain good contact between the sliding shoe 2 and the busbar.
[0053] Furthermore, the reset operating mechanism includes a leaf spring 9 and an extension arm 10, the extension arm 10 extends from the universal joint sleeve 7, one end of the leaf spring 9 is fixed to the base 1 or an external component fixedly connected to the base 1, and the other end of the leaf spring 9 is hinged to the extension arm 10, and the two end points of the leaf spring 9 and the pitch hinge point of the universal joint sleeve 7 are not on the same line.
[0054] The base 1 is provided with a pitch limiting portion 18, which is used to limit the pitch range of the sliding shoe 2; the pitch limiting portion 18 cooperates with the sliding shoe 2 and the connecting shaft 5 to limit the pitch range of the sliding shoe 2.
[0055] Embodiment 2:
[0056] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, different from Example 1, in this example, the reset operating mechanism includes a gas spring 11 and an operating hinge shaft 12 arranged on the universal joint sleeve 7, one end of the gas spring 11 is hinged to the base or an external component fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the gas spring 11 is hinged to the operating hinge shaft 12 on the universal joint sleeve 7, and the two end points of the gas spring 11 and the pitch hinge point of the universal joint sleeve 7 are not on the same line.
[0057] The gas spring 11 may also be replaced by a helical compression spring with a guide mechanism.
[0058] Embodiment 3:
[0059] like Figures 8 to 11As shown, different from Examples 1 and 2, in this example, the reset operating mechanism is a torsion spring 13 respectively arranged at the two ends of the pitch hinge shaft 4, the pitch hinge shaft 4 includes a pitch shaft hole 14 and a rotating shaft 15, a key 16 is provided in the pitch shaft hole 14, a key slot is provided on the rotating shaft 15, the rotating shaft 15 and the pitch shaft hole 14 are connected together via the key 16, and radial slots are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 15, and the radial slots are used to fix the ends of the torsion spring 13.
[0060] Circumferential grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 15 and on both sides of the torsion spring 13 , and the grooves are used to install a retaining spring 17 to fix the rotating shaft 15 and the torsion spring 13 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 15 .
[0061] One end of the torsion spring 13 is fixed on the universal sleeve 7 , and the other end is fixed on the base 1 .
[0062] Embodiment 4:
[0063] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, a collector head without wire jamming comprises a base 1, a sliding shoe 2, a carbon brush 3 arranged in the sliding shoe 2, a shielding and collision avoiding part 8 and a universal shaft sleeve 7 are provided on the base 1, and an electrical connection end 6 is fixedly provided at the lower middle part of the sliding shoe 2; a pitch hinge shaft 4 is provided on the universal shaft sleeve 7, and a pitch shaft hole 14 is provided on the lower side of the front end of the sliding shoe 2, and the pitch hinge shaft 4 is arranged in the pitch shaft hole 14, so as to connect the two together by rotation; a vertical hinge shaft 20 is also provided on the universal shaft sleeve 7, and the vertical hinge shaft 20 is rotatably installed in the mounting hole of the base 1; one end of the leaf spring 9 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the vertical hinge shaft 20, and rotates synchronously with the vertical hinge shaft 20, and the other end of the leaf spring 9 is a movable end, which elastically lifts and supports the bottom surface of the sliding shoe 2, so that the sliding shoe 2 is located in the standby position and maintained to touch the wire with a set pressure. Obviously, the leaf spring 9 can also be replaced by an elastic element with equivalent function, such as a torsion spring.
[0064] The above embodiments all comply with the following principles: the pitch axis is arranged below the front part of the sliding shoe, and the electrical connection point is located at the front of the sliding shoe; this makes the sliding shoe move more lightly and flexibly, and the front opening of the sliding shoe within the range of motion is zero or small; this reduces the possibility of line derailment and line hanging, which is also the inventive point of the present invention.
[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A collector head without wire jamming, comprising a base, a sliding shoe, and a universal shaft sleeve, characterized in that: A connecting shaft is fixedly provided at the front end of the sliding shoe, and the connecting shaft is rotatably inserted into the universal joint sleeve. A pitch hinge shaft is provided on the universal joint sleeve, and the pitch hinge shaft is arranged at the front and lower part of the sliding shoe. The universal joint sleeve can rotate around the pitch hinge shaft; the universal joint sleeve is a component with a cross rotation axis.
2. The non-stuck current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the axis of the pitch hinge axis and the bottom surface of the sliding shoe is less than 3 cm.
3. The non-stuck current collector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the connecting shaft is an electrical connecting terminal, or the electrical connecting terminal is independently arranged at the front end of the sliding shoe.
4. The non-stuck current collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a reset operating mechanism, which is used to make the sliding shoe pitch as the angle of the busbar changes, so as to maintain good contact between the sliding shoe and the busbar.
5. The non-stuck current collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset operating mechanism includes a leaf spring and an extension arm, wherein the extension arm extends from the universal shaft sleeve, one end of the leaf spring is fixed to the base or an external component fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the leaf spring is hinged to the extension arm, and the two end points of the leaf spring and the pitch hinge point of the universal shaft sleeve are not on the same line.
6. The non-jamming collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset operating mechanism includes a gas spring and an operating hinge shaft arranged on the universal shaft sleeve. One end of the gas spring is hinged to the base or an external component fixedly connected to the base, and the other end of the gas spring is hinged to the operating hinge shaft on the universal shaft sleeve. The two end points of the gas spring and the pitch hinge point of the universal shaft sleeve are not on the same line.
7. The non-jamming collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset operating mechanism is a torsion spring respectively arranged at the two ends of the pitch hinge shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the universal shaft sleeve, and the other end is fixed on the base.
8. The non-jamming collector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pitch hinge shaft comprises a pitch shaft hole and a rotating shaft, a key is arranged in the pitch shaft hole, a key slot is arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft and the pitch shaft hole are connected together via the key, radial slots are arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the radial slots are used to fix the ends of the torsion spring.
9. The non-stuck current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding shoe and the connecting shaft are integrally formed.
10. The non-stuck current collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The base is provided with a pitch limiting portion, and the pitch limiting portion is used to limit the pitch range of the sliding shoe.