Self-drilling rooting type large-tonnage marine anchor construction device and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a self-drilling rooting type large-tonnage maritime work anchor construction device and method. The device comprises an anchor cylinder; the conveying pipe is connected with the high-pressure water pump or the high-pressure grouting pump through a high-pressure hose; an annular pipeline is arranged in the jet base, and a plurality of nozzles are formed in the annular pipeline; one end of the jet pipe is connected with the conveying pipe; the porous anchor fin is vertically connected to the outer wall of the anchor cylinder; the polarizer structure comprises a polarizer; the polarization body is fixed on the inner wall of the anchor cylinder through the electromagnetic buckle; one end of the anchor cable is provided with a reinforcing rib, and the other end is connected with the buoy; the anti-pulling damper is connected to the anchor cable; the water pressure gauge is arranged on the anchor cable or the conveying pipe; a main hoisting cable of the crane is connected with the anchor cable, and a tension meter is arranged on the main hoisting cable; and the three-dimensional tilt angle sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor cylinder. Complete equipment and key technology which are safe, reliable, convenient to construct and low in cost are provided for anchorage of ships and maritime work equipment in ocean engineering construction and ocean resource development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] The development of marine resources requires large ships and offshore equipment. Under the action of wind, waves and tides, these equipment require large marine anchors. High-performance anchors such as piles / buckets / caissons, large gravity anchors, dynamic anchors and plate anchors provide anchoring equipment for large offshore equipment. However, due to the harsh sea conditions, anchors such as piles / buckets / caissons that penetrate the seabed at a shallow depth will be affected by seabed mud and strong currents and strong wave movements. Once the anchor body is exposed, a scour pit will quickly form around it, directly reducing the original anchor force of the anchor body. For the gravity anchor series, since it is impossible to obtain sufficient kinetic energy when the water depth is shallow, it is often not suitable for shallow waters within 200m. Hall anchors, plate anchors, etc. require large ships to tow to penetrate the seabed. They are not suitable for mudflats and near-shore shallow waters, and the operation time is long. The manufacturing and construction costs of existing large dynamic anchors are high, and the economy is poor for scenes with high anchor force requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high-performance marine anchors that are easy to construct, low in cost, stable in performance, and have an anchor force exceeding 100 tons. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine engineering anchor construction device and construction method, so as to provide a safe, reliable, easy-to-construct, and low-cost set of equipment and key technologies for the anchoring of ships and marine engineering equipment in marine engineering construction and marine resource development.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device, comprising:

[0006] Anchor barrel, used to form anchor force in close contact with seabed soil;

[0007] A delivery pipe is located on the central axis of the anchor barrel, one end of the delivery pipe is located inside the anchor barrel, and the other end is connected to a high-pressure water pump or a high-pressure grouting pump through a high-pressure hose;

[0008] A jet base is located at the bottom of the anchor tube, and an annular pipe is provided inside the jet base, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the annular pipe;

[0009] A jet pipe is located in the radial direction of the anchor cylinder, one end of the jet pipe is connected to the delivery pipe, and the other end is connected to the annular pipe;

[0010] A porous anchor fin is vertically connected to the outer wall of the anchor barrel, and the porous anchor fin is in close contact with the seabed soil to form an anchor force;

[0011] A polarizer structure, comprising a polarizer located inside the anchor barrel, the polarizer being used to provide an oscillating shear force; the polarizer being fixed to the inner wall of the anchor barrel by an electromagnetic buckle;

[0012] An anchor cable, wherein one end of the anchor cable close to the anchor barrel is provided with a reinforcing rib, one end of the anchor cable is connected to the anchor barrel, and the other end is used to connect to the buoy;

[0013] an anti-pullout damper connected to the anchor cable;

[0014] a water pressure gauge connected to the anchor cable or the delivery pipe;

[0015] A crane, wherein a main hoisting cable of the crane is connected to the anchor cable, and a dynamometer is provided on the main hoisting cable of the crane;

[0016] A three-dimensional tilt sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor barrel, with its z-axis being in the same direction as the axial direction of the anchor barrel. The three-dimensional tilt sensor is used to measure the posture of the anchor body in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, the porous anchor fin is a rectangular plate, the lower edge of the rectangular plate is a sharp end with a sharp angle of drag reduction type, and the sharp end faces the bottom end of the anchor barrel.

[0018] Furthermore, the device also includes a power controller, the high-pressure water pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are respectively connected to the power controller, and the power controller is also connected to the polarizer and the three-dimensional tilt sensor through a cable.

[0019] Furthermore, the polarizer and the three-dimensional tilt sensor are connected to the cable via a quick connector.

[0020] Furthermore, the polarizer structure also includes a variable frequency power supply, and the variable frequency power supply is connected to the power supply controller.

[0021] Furthermore, a supporting member for providing support is provided below the polarizer.

[0022] Furthermore, a sheath is provided on the anchor cable, the sheath is close to the reinforcing ribs, and the sheath is used to improve the friction resistance between the anchor cable and the bottom bed.

[0023] Furthermore, a high-pressure one-way valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe close to the high-pressure hose, and the high-pressure hose is connected to the delivery pipe through a high-pressure pipe joint.

[0024] Furthermore, the device also includes a collar, which is sleeved on the outside of the conveying pipe and the anchor cable at the same time, and is used to control the horizontal movement range of the conveying pipe.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention provides a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction method, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device, and the method comprises:

[0026] Determine the anchor point location on site based on the anchor point coordinates;

[0027] Use a crane to lift the anchor body vertically, observe the dynamometer reading W, and lower the anchor body to the anchor point on the bottom bed;

[0028] Start the high-pressure water pump, and high-speed fluid will be ejected from the nozzle;

[0029] Read the water pressure counter value to determine the corresponding water depth, and after confirming that the anchor body is placed on the bottom bed, start the polarizer;

[0030] Observe the reading of the tension gauge, and control the crane to lower the anchor vertically when the tension gauge reading is less than (0-50%) W, and observe the values ​​of the water pressure gauge and three-dimensional inclination sensor to determine the penetration depth and inclination of the anchor;

[0031] When the anchor barrel reaches the designed burial depth, the high-pressure water pump and polarizer are turned off, the electromagnetic buckle is opened, and the polarizer is lifted out of the seabed for recovery;

[0032] Connect the high-pressure hose to the high-pressure grouting pump, pour the stirred anti-dispersion marine cement into the high-pressure hose, and spray it out from the nozzle;

[0033] The sprayed slurry is continuously lifted, wrapping the reinforcement and anchor cables, and the grouting is stopped after the designated design height is reached;

[0034] Retrieve the high pressure hose and the cable connecting the polarizer;

[0035] The anti-pullout damper is placed in the seabed near the anchor point and tied to the anchor cable near the mud outlet; the other end of the anchor cable is tied to the buoy to facilitate the mooring of ships and marine structures.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention can form a high-strength block integrated with marine concrete on the seabed of shallow or deep water oceans of different water depths through anchor barrels, porous anchor fins, conveying pipes, reinforcing ribs, anchor cables, etc., and can effectively improve the shear strength of the original seabed around the block, thereby forming a large-tonnage marine anchor with a super-large grip-to-weight ratio for mooring large ships and marine structures during typhoons.

[0038] 2. The present invention uses a polarizer to vibrate the seabed to reduce drag. The polarizer can generate high-frequency vibration force, which will perform high-frequency reciprocating shear on the seabed around the anchor body, causing the seabed soil to fluidize and significantly reduce its strength, thereby reducing the resistance to the penetration of the anchor body. The anchor body can automatically penetrate under the seabed under its own weight, and the anchor body's posture and penetration depth are controllable, which can ensure that the anchor body penetrates vertically downward to the ideal penetration depth, effectively reducing the failure rate of the anchor.

[0039] 3. The present invention can make the anchor body have strong penetration ability, reaching very deep inside the seabed; and the block is located at a certain depth below the seabed surface, avoiding the occurrence of local scouring caused by sand wave movement and general scouring of the seabed when the pile or barrel is partially located on the mud surface of the seabed. Therefore, the wave and current movement during typhoons generally does not reduce the magnitude of its anchoring force.

[0040] 4. The present invention can provide high-performance anchors with an anchor force of over 100 tons for tidal flats and near-shore shallow waters, which is convenient to construct and has a wider range of engineering applications.

[0041] 5. The present invention realizes the rapid separation and recovery of high-pressure hoses, cables and polarizers, which can significantly reduce the equipment manufacturing cost; moreover, the prior art mainly relies on the increase in the surface area of ​​corrosion-resistant high-strength metal materials in contact with the seabed to increase the anchor force, and the present invention also relies on the increase in the surface area of ​​marine concrete in contact with the seabed to increase the anchor force. Since the price of marine concrete is much lower than that of corrosion-resistant high-strength metal materials, the construction cost of the present invention is lower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] In the figure, the reference numerals correspond to: 1-anchor barrel, 2-delivery pipe, 3-jet pipe, 4-jet base, 5-nozzle, 6-porous anchor fin, 7-polarizer, 8-frequency conversion power supply, 9-electromagnetic buckle, 10-support, 11-reinforcement rib, 12-protective cover, 13-anchor cable, 14-quick connector, 15-cable, 16-high-pressure pipe connector, 17-high-pressure hose, 18-high-pressure one-way valve, 19-ring, 20-anti-pull-out damping, 21-buoy, 22-high-pressure water pump, 23-high-pressure grouting pump, 24-power controller, 25-tensile gauge, 26-water pressure gauge, 27-three-dimensional inclination sensor, 28-crane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only a relational word determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present application, and does not specifically refer to any component or element in the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described here.

[0048] In this application, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Relevant technicians in this field can determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific circumstances, and they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is obtained based on mechanical calculations, numerical simulations and mud pool experiments in marine geotechnical mechanics, sediment movement mechanics and fluid mechanics. The device is a large-tonnage marine anchor construction device, including an anchor barrel 1, a delivery pipe 2, a jet base 4, a jet pipe 3, a porous anchor fin 6, a polarizer structure, an anchor cable 13, a crane 28, an anti-pullout damper 20, a water pressure gauge 26, a three-dimensional inclination sensor 27, etc. The anchor barrel 1 is used to closely contact with the seabed soil to form an anchor force and provide installation support for other components; the delivery pipe 2 is located on the central axis of the anchor barrel 1, and the delivery pipe 2 One end is located inside the anchor barrel 1, and the other end is connected to a high-pressure water pump 22 or a high-pressure grouting pump 23 through a high-pressure hose 17. The high-pressure water pump 22 is used to provide high-pressure water, and the high-pressure grouting pump 23 transports the slurry at high pressure. The high-pressure hose 17 provides a pipeline for the movement of high-pressure fluid (high-pressure water or marine concrete slurry), and transports water and marine anti-dispersion cement slurry through the delivery pipe 2; the jet base 4 is located at the bottom of the anchor barrel 1, and the jet base 4 has an annular pipeline inside. The annular pipeline is a pressure-resistant pipeline for transporting water and marine anti-dispersion cement slurry at high speed. A plurality of nozzles 5 are provided on the annular pipeline to spray water and marine anti-dispersion cement slurry at high speed. Cement slurry; the jet pipe 3 is located in the radial direction of the anchor barrel 1, one end of the jet pipe 3 is connected to the delivery pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the annular pipe, and water and marine anti-dispersion cement are transported at high speed through the jet pipe 3; the delivery pipe 2 guides the water or slurry pumped from the high-pressure water pump 22 or the high-pressure grouting pump 23 to the jet pipe 3, and then flows to the jet base 4, and finally sprays out from the nozzle 5; the porous anchor fin 6 is vertically connected to the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, and the porous anchor fin 6 is in close contact with the seabed soil to form an anchor force; the polarizer structure includes a polarizer 7 located inside the anchor barrel 1, and the polarizer 7 is used to provide high-frequency and low-amplitude oscillating shear force; the polarizer 7 is connected to the anchor barrel 1 by an electromagnetic buckle 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the anchor barrel 1; a reinforcing rib 11 is provided at one end of the anchor cable 13 close to the anchor barrel 1, and the reinforcing rib 11 is used to increase the bonding strength between the anchor cable 13 and the anti-dispersion marine cement. One end of the anchor cable 13 is connected to the anchor barrel 1, and the other end is used to connect to the buoy 21; the anti-pull damper 20 is connected to the anchor cable 13, and the water pressure gauge 26 is arranged on the anchor cable 13 or the conveying pipe 2; the main hoisting cable of the crane 28 is connected to the anchor cable 13, and a tension gauge 25 is provided on the main hoisting cable of the crane 28; the three-dimensional inclination sensor 27 is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, and its z-axis is in the same direction as the axial direction of the anchor barrel 1. The three-dimensional inclination sensor 27 is used to measure the posture of the anchor body in real time.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration force generated by the polarizer 7 is used to perform high-frequency reciprocating shearing on the seabed around the anchor body, so that the seabed soil is fluidized, which significantly reduces its strength, thereby reducing the resistance to the penetration of the anchor body. The anchor body can automatically penetrate under the seabed under its own weight; the anti-dispersion slurry sprayed out by the jet tube 3 can consolidate the anchor body with the surrounding seabed, like a tree root, to form a high-strength block integrated with marine concrete on the seabed of shallow or deep oceans at different water depths, thereby greatly improving the pull-out resistance of the anchor body. Thus, a self-drilling, rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device is provided, which has the advantages of huge anchoring force, simple operation, easy construction, low cost, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, the anchor barrel 1 is a hollow cylinder made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel, and the surface is sprayed with anti-corrosion materials. Preferably, the diameter of the anchor barrel 1 is D, and the height H is (0.5-3) D. The pull-out resistance of anchor bodies of different heights is different, but the height should not exceed 3 times the diameter to ensure the anchoring effect.

[0052] To improve the anchoring effect, in some embodiments, the delivery pipe 2 is a high-pressure steel pipe, which is a pressure-resistant pipe made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel, and is welded on the central axis of the anchor barrel 1. The jet pipe 3 is a pressure-resistant pipe made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel, and is welded on the central axis of the anchor barrel 1. For example, the lower end of the delivery pipe 2 is connected to four jet pipes 3 arranged along the radial direction of the anchor barrel 1. The jet base 4 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel, and is welded to the bottom edge of the anchor barrel 1. The nozzle 5 is a hole made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel, and the nozzle 5 is welded to the bottom edge of the anchor barrel 1.

[0053] To further enhance the anchor force, in some embodiments, the porous anchor fin 6 is a rectangular plate, the lower edge of which is a sharp end with a drag-reducing sharp angle, and the sharp end faces the bottom end of the anchor barrel 1. Exemplarily, the porous anchor fin 6 is a rectangular plate with a porosity of less than 0.3, and the lower edge is less than 30° sharp angle to reduce penetration resistance. It is vertically welded to the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, with the sharp end facing the bottom end of the anchor barrel 1, the bottom side length is 0-0.2D, the top side length is (0.2-0.5)D, the inner side length is the anchor barrel height H, and the outer side length is (0.5-1)H.

[0054] In some embodiments, the above device further includes a power controller 24, which is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as stainless steel and ultra-high molecular materials with high tensile and shear strength. The high-pressure water pump 22 and the high-pressure grouting pump 23 are respectively connected to the power controller 24, and the incoming line of the power controller 24 is connected to the external power supply. The power controller 24 is also connected to the polarizer 7, the three-dimensional tilt sensor 27, the high-pressure water pump 22, the electromagnetic buckle 9 and other components through the cable 15 to control the power supply of each component. The cable 15 is a waterproof conductive cable with good conductivity, which can be made of pure copper and ultra-high molecular materials with high tensile and shear strength and corrosion resistance, thereby providing stable power and signal transmission for each device.

[0055] In order to provide power and signal transmission to the polarizer 7 and the three-dimensional tilt sensor 27, in some embodiments, the polarizer 7 and the three-dimensional tilt sensor 27 are connected to the cable 15 through a quick connector 14. The quick connector 14 is a waterproof conductive plug-in head with multiple cores that can be docked and quickly separated. The quick connector 14 is made of pure copper, annular iron core, enameled wire, sealing rubber ring, sealant, iron column, solder and other materials. It is a waterproof conductive plug-in head with multiple cores that can be docked and quickly separated. The total number of cores is the total number of cores of the polarizer 7 and the three-dimensional tilt sensor 27. The enameled wire is tightly wound around the annular iron core. When the power is turned on, an electromagnet is formed to tightly attract the male head and the female head to prevent separation. When the power is turned off, the electromagnetic attraction between the male head and the female head disappears, and the male head and the female head can be quickly separated with a force of less than 10 kg.

[0056] The polarizer 7 is a high-frequency vibrator made of high-strength materials such as carbon steel, copper insulated wire, and magnets, which generates a high-frequency (100-200) Hz and a low-amplitude oscillating shear force of less than 5 mm. The electromagnetic buckle 9 is a component made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as carbon steel and an electromagnet, which is welded on the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1 to buckle or release the polarizer 7.

[0057] In some embodiments, the polarizer structure further includes a variable frequency power supply 8, which is connected to the power controller 24. The variable frequency power supply 8 uses frequency conversion technology and microelectronics technology, and is mainly composed of rectification, filtering, inversion, braking unit, drive unit, microprocessing unit, etc., and adjusts the voltage (220-380V) and frequency (100-200Hz) of the output power supply by turning on and off the internal IGBT, and supplies power to it through a 220V50 / 60Hz or 380V50 / 60Hz power supply, and outputs it to the power controller 24 through a cable, thereby providing power for the polarizer 7.

[0058] In some embodiments, a support member 10 for providing support is provided below the polarizer 7. The support member 10 is a block made of a high-strength corrosion-resistant metal material such as carbon steel, and its surface is sprayed with an anti-corrosion material. The support member 10 is welded to the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, thereby providing support for the polarizer 7 to prevent it from falling off.

[0059] In order to effectively transmit the pulling force, in some embodiments, the anchor cable 13 is a cable made of ultra-high molecular fiber with high tensile and shear strength such as nylon, which is corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant. The reinforcing ribs 11 on the anchor cable 13 are ribs with fine fibers made of ultra-high molecular material such as nylon, which is corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant, so as to effectively improve the bonding strength between the anchor cable 13 and the anti-dispersion marine cement.

[0060] In order to improve the friction resistance between the anchor cable 13 and the bottom bed, in some embodiments, a sheath 12 is provided on the anchor cable 13, and the sheath 12 is close to the reinforcing rib 11. Exemplarily, the sheath 12 is a protective sheath made of a corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant ultra-high polymer material such as nylon material, which effectively prevents the anchor cable 13 from being worn out of the mud.

[0061] In some embodiments, the high-pressure hose 17 is a hose made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal wire such as stainless steel and ultra-high polymer materials with high tensile and shear strengths and corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant. A high-pressure one-way valve 18 is provided at one end of the delivery pipe 2 close to the high-pressure hose 17. The high-pressure one-way valve 18 is arranged in the middle of the delivery pipe 2 to control the flow direction of the high-pressure fluid and prevent seawater from flowing back into the pipeline. The high-pressure one-way valve 18 is a component made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials such as stainless steel; the high-pressure hose 17 is connected to the delivery pipe 2 through a high-pressure pipe joint 16.

[0062] In some embodiments, the high-pressure pipe connector 16 is a component made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material such as carbon steel and an electromagnet, and is connected to the high-pressure hose 17 when in use, and is disconnected from the high-pressure hose 17 when not in use. Specifically, when the power is turned on, the male head and the female head are tightly attracted to each other, and when the power is turned off, the male head and the female head can be quickly separated with a force of less than 10 kilograms, so that the high-pressure hose 17 is connected when in use, and is disconnected from the high-pressure hose 17 when not in use.

[0063] In the above embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure water pump 22 is a component made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant metal materials such as stainless steel. The water inlet pipe of the high-pressure water pump 22 is placed in the sea, and the water outlet is connected to the high-pressure hose 17, thereby providing high-pressure fluid delivery, and the pressure is greater than 1Mpa. The high-pressure grouting pump 23 is a component made of ultra-high molecular materials with high tensile and shear strength. The slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure grouting pump 23 is placed in the slurry pool, and the slurry outlet is connected to the high-pressure hose 17, thereby high-pressure slurry delivery, and the pressure is greater than 5Mpa.

[0064] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned device also includes a ring 19, which is simultaneously sleeved on the outside of the conveying pipe 2 and the anchor cable 13. The ring 19 is a component made of an ultra-high molecular material with high tensile and shear strength. The ring 19 is used to control the horizontal movement range of the conveying pipe 2 to prevent the sprayed marine concrete slurry from deviating from the anchor cable 13.

[0065] In the above embodiment of the present invention, the tension meter 25 is a sensor for measuring tension, which is arranged on the main hoisting cable of the crane 28, and measures the tension on the main hoisting cable in real time, thereby controlling the lowering speed of the main hoisting cable. The water pressure gauge 26 is a sensor for measuring the depth above different positions of the water body, which is arranged on the anchor cable 13 or the conveying pipe 2. According to the water depth measurement reading, the real-time position of the anchor body is calculated to determine whether the anchor body has reached the designed penetration depth. The three-dimensional inclination sensor 27 is a sensor for measuring the three-dimensional posture of an object, which is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, and its z-axis is the same as the axial direction of the anchor barrel 1. The posture of the anchor body is measured in real time, and the vertical situation of the anchor body is calculated based on the reading.

[0066] In the above embodiment of the present invention, the crane 28 is composed of a boom, a pulley, a cable, a motor, a reducer, a controller, etc. made of high-strength corrosion-resistant metal materials. The crane 28 is set on a ship or on the shore, and lifts or lowers heavy objects such as anchor bodies through cables under the action of electricity. The pull-out damper 20 is a turtle-back-shaped component with inclined piles at the bottom, which is made of a marine concrete cast steel frame. The pull-out damper 20 is tied to the anchor cable 13 near the bottom bed to reduce the angle between the anchor cable 13 and the horizontal direction and increase the pull-out resistance of the anchor body. The pull-out damper 20 can be set in multiple according to the scale of the project, with a bottom diameter of 2 to 4m and a maximum height of 1m to 2m; there are 4 to 12 inclined piles at the bottom, with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.2m and a height of 0.2m to 0.5m, and the angle with the vertical line is less than or equal to 30°. The buoy 21 is made of ultra-high molecular material and stainless steel with high tensile and shear strength. The buoy 21 is connected to the anchor cable 13 and is provided with a shackle or a hanging ring, thereby providing a mooring point for the marine engineering structure.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, the self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device provided can achieve an anchor force of 500 tons on a silty seabed. The diameter of the anchor barrel 1 is 1.2m, the wall thickness is 3mm, and the height is 1.4m; the inner diameter of the delivery pipe 2 is Φ38, the wall thickness is 3mm; the inner diameter of the jet pipe 3 is Φ32, the wall thickness is 3mm; the inner diameter of the jet base 4 is Φ28, the wall thickness is 3mm; the caliber of the nozzle 5 is Φ8, the wall thickness is 3mm; 4 porous anchor fins 6, 0.4m wide, 1.4m long inside, 1.0m long outside, and 12mm thick; 8 polarizers 7, 150Hz frequency, 380V voltage; 8 variable frequency power supplies 8, 150Hz frequency, 380V voltage; the bite force of the electromagnetic buckle 9 is 100 kg; the support 10 Welded on the outer wall of the anchor barrel 1, with a protruding height of 50mm; the length of the reinforcing rib 11 is 0.8m, the main line diameter is Φ8; the length of the sheath 12 is 2m; the line diameter of the anchor cable 13 is Φ128, and the length is 35m; the bite force of the quick connector 14 is 100 kg, two, each with 18 cores; the cable 15, the core is 2.5 square; the bite force of the high-pressure pipe connector 16 is 100 kg; the inner diameter of the high-pressure hose 17 is Φ38, and the pressure resistance is 15Mpa; the inner diameter of the high-pressure one-way valve 18 is Φ38, and the pressure resistance is 15Mpa; the line diameter of the ring 19 is Φ6; the total weight of the pull-out damper 20 is 5 tons, and there are three in total; the buoyancy of the buoy 21 is 2m 3 ; The voltage of the high-pressure water pump 22 is 380V, the inner diameter of the pipeline is Φ38, 8Mpa; the voltage of the high-pressure grouting pump 23 is 380V, the inner diameter of the pipeline is Φ38, 10Mpa; the voltage of the power controller 24 is 220V and 380V; the voltage of the dynamometer 25 is 12V, and the range is 5T; the voltage of the water pressure gauge 26 is 12V, and the range is 50m; the voltage of the three-dimensional inclination sensor 27 is 12V, and the range is 60°; the maximum lifting capacity of the crane 28 is 5T, and the effective arm length is 10m.

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction method, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Before laying anchors, first connect the quick connector 14 and the cable, the high-pressure pipe connector 16 and the high-pressure hose 17, the high-pressure one-way valve 18, the high-pressure water pump 22, the collar 19, etc., install the polarizer 7, the tension meter 25, the water pressure meter 26, the three-dimensional inclination sensor 27 and other auxiliary equipment and components, connect the cables, etc., check the power supply and connect the power controller 24. The method includes:

[0069] S1. Determine the anchor point position on site according to the anchor point coordinates;

[0070] S2, lift the anchor body vertically with the crane 28, observe the reading W of the dynamometer 25, and slowly lower the anchor body to the anchor point position on the bottom bed;

[0071] S3, the high-pressure water pump 22 is started by the power controller 24, and the high-speed fluid is ejected from the nozzle 5;

[0072] S4, read the value N of the water pressure gauge 26, determine the corresponding water depth H, and after determining that the anchor body is placed on the bottom bed, start the polarizer 7 through the power controller 24; specifically, according to P=ρgH, ρ is the water body density, P is the water pressure, corresponding to the value N of the water pressure gauge 26, the water depth H is calculated according to the water pressure;

[0073] S5, observe the reading of the tension meter 25, control the crane 28 to continue to lower the anchor body vertically when the reading of the tension meter 25 is less than (0-50%) W, observe the values ​​of the water pressure gauge 26 and the three-dimensional inclination sensor 27, and determine the penetration depth and inclination of the anchor body;

[0074] S6. When the anchor barrel 1 reaches the designed burial depth, the high-pressure water pump 22 and the polarizer 7 are stopped by the power controller 24, and the electromagnetic buckle 9 is opened by the power controller 24 to lift the polarizer 7 out of the seabed for recovery;

[0075] S7, connect the high-pressure hose 17 to the high-pressure grouting pump 23, pour the stirred non-dispersible marine cement into the high-pressure hose 17, and spray it out from the nozzle 5;

[0076] S8, the sprayed slurry is continuously lifted up, wrapping the reinforcing ribs 11 and the anchor cable 13, and the grouting is stopped after the designated design height;

[0077] S9, separate the high-pressure pipe joint 16 connected to the high-pressure hose 17, separate the quick connector 14 connected to the cable 15, and retrieve the high-pressure hose 17 and the cable connected to the polarizer 7;

[0078] S10, placing the anti-pullout damper 20 on the seabed near the anchor point and tying it to the anchor cable 13 near the mud outlet; the other end of the anchor cable 13 is tied to the buoy 21 to facilitate the mooring of ships and marine structures.

[0079] In the above step S5, by setting the pulling force, the crane tension is always greater than zero but less than the buoyancy of the anchor body (0-50%) W during the lifting process, so as to ensure that the anchor body is vertical during the invasion process. When the crane tension is zero, it means that the anchor body has no pulling force on the crane, that is, the soil resistance is greater than the deadweight of the anchor body, and it is necessary to stop lowering. After the seabed around the anchor body is fluidized and the resistance is reduced, the crane tension will gradually increase. When it increases to 50% W, the anchor body will be lowered again. This cycle is repeated until the anchor body reaches the designed burial depth. By observing the reading of the water pressure gauge, the penetration depth of the anchor body is measured in real time, and the inclination is measured by the three-dimensional inclination sensor. The penetration posture of the anchor body is observed at any time. If the anchor body tilts, it is necessary to suspend the lowering of the crane and continue to lower it after it recovers to verticality.

[0080] In a further embodiment, a plurality of polarizers 7 are provided inside the anchor barrel 1. During the process of lowering the anchor, the power supply of each polarizer 7 is timely adjusted by the power controller 24 to ensure that the anchor is vertical.

[0081] The above embodiment of the present invention can form a high-strength block integrated with marine concrete on the seabed of shallow or deep water oceans of different water depths through anchor barrels, porous anchor fins, conveying pipes, reinforcing ribs, anchor cables, etc., and can effectively improve the shear strength of the original seabed around the block, thereby forming a large-tonnage marine anchor with a super-large grab-to-weight ratio for mooring large ships and marine structures during typhoons. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the anchor body can automatically penetrate under the seabed, and the anchor body posture and penetration depth are controllable, which can ensure that the anchor body penetrates vertically downward until the ideal penetration depth, effectively reducing the failure rate of anchoring. The above embodiment of the present invention can make the anchor body have a strong penetration ability to reach the inside of a very deep seabed; and the block is located at a certain depth below the seabed surface, avoiding the occurrence of local scouring caused by sand wave movement and general scouring of the seabed due to the presence of part of the pile or barrel located on the mud surface of the seabed. Therefore, the wave and current movement during the typhoon generally does not reduce the magnitude of its anchor force.

[0082] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention realize the rapid separation and recovery of high-pressure hoses, cables and polarizers, which can significantly reduce the equipment manufacturing cost; moreover, the prior art mainly relies on the increase in the surface area of ​​corrosion-resistant high-strength metal materials in contact with the seabed to increase the anchor force, and the embodiments of the present invention also rely on the increase in the surface area of ​​marine concrete in contact with the seabed to increase the anchor force. Since the price of marine concrete is much lower than that of corrosion-resistant high-strength metal materials, the construction cost of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention is lower.

[0083] The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention can provide high-performance anchors with an anchor force of over 100 tons for tidal flats and near-shore shallow waters, and provide high-performance marine engineering anchors that can effectively resist typhoons for large offshore structures and ships, and has the advantages of convenient construction, wider engineering adaptability, and low cost.

[0084] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. The above preferred features can be used in any combination without conflicting with each other.

Claims

1. A self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device, characterized in that: include: Anchor barrel, used to form anchor force in close contact with seabed soil; A delivery pipe is located on the central axis of the anchor barrel, one end of the delivery pipe is located inside the anchor barrel, and the other end is connected to a high-pressure water pump or a high-pressure grouting pump through a high-pressure hose; A jet base is located at the bottom of the anchor tube, and an annular pipe is provided inside the jet base, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the annular pipe; A jet pipe is located in the radial direction of the anchor cylinder, one end of the jet pipe is connected to the delivery pipe, and the other end is connected to the annular pipe; A porous anchor fin is vertically connected to the outer wall of the anchor barrel, and the porous anchor fin is in close contact with the seabed soil to form an anchor force; A polarizer structure, comprising a polarizer located inside the anchor barrel, the polarizer being used to provide an oscillating shear force; the polarizer being fixed to the inner wall of the anchor barrel by an electromagnetic buckle; An anchor cable, wherein one end of the anchor cable close to the anchor barrel is provided with a reinforcing rib, one end of the anchor cable is connected to the anchor barrel, and the other end is used to connect to the buoy; an anti-pullout damper connected to the anchor cable; a water pressure gauge connected to the anchor cable or the delivery pipe; A crane, wherein a main hoisting cable of the crane is connected to the anchor cable, and a dynamometer is provided on the main hoisting cable of the crane; A three-dimensional tilt sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the anchor barrel, with its z-axis being in the same direction as the axial direction of the anchor barrel. The three-dimensional tilt sensor is used to measure the posture of the anchor body in real time.

2. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The porous anchor fin is a rectangular plate, the lower edge of the rectangular plate is a sharp end with a sharp angle of drag reduction type, and the sharp end faces the bottom end of the anchor barrel.

3. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a power controller, the high-pressure water pump and the high-pressure grouting pump are respectively connected to the power controller, and the power controller is also connected to the polarizer and the three-dimensional tilt sensor through a cable.

4. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The polarizer and the three-dimensional tilt sensor are connected to the cable via a quick connector.

5. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The polarizer structure also includes a variable frequency power supply, and the variable frequency power supply is connected to the power supply controller.

6. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A supporting member for providing support is arranged below the polarizer.

7. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sheath is provided on the anchor cable, the sheath is close to the reinforcing ribs, and the sheath is used to improve the friction resistance between the anchor cable and the bottom bed.

8. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A high-pressure one-way valve is provided at one end of the delivery pipe close to the high-pressure hose, and the high-pressure hose is connected to the delivery pipe through a high-pressure pipe joint.

9. The self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a collar, which is sleeved on the outside of the conveying pipe and the anchor cable at the same time, and is used to control the horizontal movement range of the conveying pipe.

10. A self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction method, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using a self-drilling and rooting large-tonnage marine anchor construction device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises: Determine the anchor point location on site based on the anchor point coordinates; Use a crane to lift the anchor body vertically, observe the dynamometer reading W, and lower the anchor body to the anchor point on the bottom bed; Start the high-pressure water pump, and high-speed fluid will be ejected from the nozzle; Read the water pressure counter value to determine the corresponding water depth, and after confirming that the anchor body is placed on the bottom bed, start the polarizer; Observe the reading of the tension gauge, and control the crane to lower the anchor vertically when the tension gauge reading is less than (0-50%) W, and observe the values ​​of the water pressure gauge and three-dimensional inclination sensor to determine the penetration depth and inclination of the anchor; When the anchor barrel reaches the designed burial depth, the high-pressure water pump and polarizer are turned off, the electromagnetic buckle is opened, and the polarizer is lifted out of the seabed for recovery; Connect the high-pressure hose to the high-pressure grouting pump, pour the stirred anti-dispersion marine cement into the high-pressure hose, and spray it out from the nozzle; The sprayed slurry is continuously lifted, wrapping the reinforcement and anchor cables, and the grouting is stopped after the designated design height is reached; Retrieve the high pressure hose and the cable connecting the polarizer; The anti-pullout damper is placed in the seabed near the anchor point and tied to the anchor cable near the mud outlet; the other end of the anchor cable is tied to the buoy to facilitate the mooring of ships and marine structures.

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