Subsea tunnel escape rescue bin

Abstract

A subsea tunnel escape rescue bin comprises a bin body assembly, a floating assembly, an exhaust assembly and an air bag, a pressure containing cavity for storing oxygen is formed in the bin wall of the bin body assembly, a piston rod of the floating assembly is installed in the pressure containing cavity in a matched mode, and the piston rod is driven by the difference between the subsea pressure and the oxygen pressure in the pressure containing cavity to move so as to drive the floating assembly. The exhaust assembly is communicated with the pressure containing cavity through an annular communicating pipe at the bottom of the bin wall, oxygen is released into the bin body through the exhaust assembly, an air bag is fixed to the top of the bin body assembly, and a piston rod is pushed to move in the pressure containing cavity through the pressure difference between seabed water pressure and the interior of the bin, so that power is provided for movement of the floating assembly. The escape and rescue cabin is pushed to realize maneuvering on the seabed, escapers can make maneuvering decisions conveniently according to the actual environment through staged oxygen releasing and pushing, useless loads are gradually thrown away in the maneuvering process through the flat clamping assembly and blade combined design of the swimming assembly, and the success rate of escape and rescue is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of submarine emergency escape equipment, in particular to a submarine tunnel escape and rescue cabin. Background Art

[0002] A mother-and-child escape-type manned submersible provided by publication number CN110217362B includes a mother submersible including a submersible body, fins and a mother propeller, an outlet valve is provided at the bow of the submersible body, fins are provided at the upper part of the submersible body, at least four water jets are provided on the fins, the mother propeller is provided at the stern of the submersible body, and a chamber and at least four passages are provided on the submersible body; the cabin sections include a front cabin section, a middle cabin section and a rear cabin section, a first valve is provided at the upper part of the middle cabin section, a main engine is provided in the rear cabin section, a daughter submersible is provided in the front cabin section, the daughter submersible includes a daughter submersible body and a daughter propeller, and a top folding fin and two side folding fins are fixed on the daughter submersible body.

[0003] The above-mentioned prior art achieves the goal of improving the success rate of personnel's underwater escape through the mother-and-child design of the submersible. However, due to its complex structure, large size, and excessive equipment used, the stability of the submersible itself is reduced, which is not conducive to its use in complex scenes such as underwater tunnels, and indirectly affects the success rate of escape and rescue in tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber, comprising a chamber body assembly, a swimming assembly, an exhaust assembly and an air bag. A pressure chamber for storing oxygen is provided on the chamber wall of the chamber body assembly, a piston rod of the swimming assembly is cooperatively installed in the pressure chamber, and the piston rod is driven to move by the pressure difference between the seabed pressure and the oxygen in the pressure chamber to drive the swimming assembly, the exhaust assembly is connected to the pressure chamber through an annular connecting pipe at the bottom of the chamber wall, oxygen is released into the chamber body through the exhaust assembly, and an air bag is fixed on the top of the chamber body assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the warehouse body assembly includes a warehouse wall, a pressure chamber, a connecting pipe, a one-way valve, a blocking block, a pull rod, a ramming rod, a press buckle and a closed warehouse door. There are at least two pressure chambers and they are vertically arranged on the warehouse wall. Each pressure chamber has an opening at the upper end and is connected to the annular connecting pipe at the bottom of the warehouse wall at the lower end. A one-way valve is fixedly installed at the connecting point. A single-use blocking block is provided above the one-way valve. The lower end of the pull rod passes through the warehouse wall at the blocking block position and the upper end passes through the warehouse wall on the upper side of the warehouse wall. The upper and lower ends of the pull rod pass through and are slidably connected to the warehouse wall. The bottom end of the warehouse wall is sealed and the upper end is hinged to the closed warehouse door. A ramming rod is fixed to the lower side of the outer wall of the warehouse wall and a press buckle is fixed to the upper side.

[0008] Preferably, the swimming assembly includes a piston rod, a blade assembly and a flat card II, and the blade assembly includes a sliding hoop, a flat card assembly and a blade. The sliding hoop is an arc-shaped frame slidably mounted on the outer side of the warehouse wall and has the same arc as the outer side of the warehouse wall. One flat card assembly is connected to each end of the sliding hoop, and two flat card assemblies are also connected to the other two ends of the other sliding hoop. There are at least two sliding hoops and at least two flat card assemblies. The sliding hoop and the flat card assembly form a complete ring and are slidably mounted on the outer side of the warehouse wall. Each sliding hoop is hinged with a blade at an angle downward, and the outer side of each blade hinge point is There is a flange for angle limiting, the lower side of the blade has an inward inclined surface, the blade assembly has at least two layers and is arranged parallel to the axis of the warehouse wall, and the thickness of the sliding hoop on the upper layer in the two adjacent layers of blade assemblies is greater than that of the sliding hoop on the lower layer to ensure that the blades on the upper layer can cover the blade assembly on the lower layer, and the sliding hoop on the lower layer has a hole for the piston rod connected to the sliding hoop on the upper layer to pass through, the upper end of the piston rod has a raised flat card I, and the lower side of the sliding hoop of each layer is fixed with a flat card II, and the connection between the flat card I and the flat card II provides downward pulling force for the blade assembly, and each piston rod is connected to one layer of blade assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the flat card assembly includes a front card, a rear card and a rotating buckle, the front card has a rectangular protrusion I on the upper side, the rotating buckle is hinged to the side of the rectangular protrusion I, the rear card has a rectangular protrusion II on the lower side and a rectangular protrusion III on the upper side, the rectangular protrusion I and the rectangular protrusion I fit together, the rectangular protrusion III has a groove at the bottom and the front end is placed on the hinge point of the rotating buckle, the end of the rotating buckle extending toward the rear card has a rectangular protrusion IV and the end close to the front card is the top, the rectangular protrusion IV and the groove at the bottom of the rectangular protrusion III fit together, and the sliding hoop is connected to the front card and the rear card.

[0010] Preferably, the number of flat card components in each layer of the blade assembly is equal to the number of tamping rods, and the position of each flat card component on the blade assembly is such that the top of the rotating buckle is always aligned with the tamping rod to ensure that the top of the rotating buckle hits the tamping rod when the blade assembly slides on the outer wall, and the upper end of the pull rod passes through the warehouse wall and is stuck in the lower edge of the sliding hoop, the number of pressure chambers, pull rods, piston rods and blade assemblies is equal and each pressure chamber, pull rod, piston rod and blade assembly corresponds to a group one by one, and the press buckle presses the blades of the uppermost blade assembly in the radial direction.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes a spiral tube and a rotating port assembly, the bottom of the spiral tube is connected to the connecting pipe and extends upward in a spiral close to the warehouse wall, and at least two rotating port assemblies are fixed on the spiral tube to rotate the oxygen in the spiral tube and discharge it into the warehouse.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating port assembly includes fan blades, a rotating rod and an exhaust port, the fan blades are fixed at the bottom of the rotating rod, the rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the spiral tube, the fan blades are located inside the spiral tube, the rotating rod is hollow inside and has an exhaust port opened on the upper side, and the exhaust port is connected to the inside of the spiral tube through the hollow inside the rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, the airbag is fixed on the upper surface of the buckle, and the airbag switch is connected to the sliding hoop of the uppermost layer of the blade assembly.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention drives the piston rod to move in the pressure chamber through the pressure difference in the chamber caused by the seabed water pressure, which not only pushes the oxygen sealed in the pressure chamber to the escapees in the chamber, but also provides power for the movement of the swimming component, thereby driving the escape and rescue chamber to maneuver on the seabed. Through the staged oxygen release and propulsion, it is convenient for the escapees to make maneuvering decisions according to their actual environment. The flat card component and blade combination design of the swimming component enables the escape and rescue chamber to gradually throw away useless weight during the maneuvering process, and the rotating port realizes uniform oxygen release, thereby ensuring the comfort of the personnel, stabilizing their emotions, and improving the success rate of escape and rescue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a bin assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial view of part A;

[0020] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the swimming assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial view of part B;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of disassembling the flat card assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rotary port assembly of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1 warehouse body assembly, 11 warehouse wall, 12 pressure chamber, 13 connecting pipe, 14 one-way valve, 15 blocking block, 16 pull rod, 17 tamping rod, 18 buckle, 19 closed warehouse door, 2 swimming assembly, 21 piston rod, 22 blade assembly, 221 sliding hoop, 222 flat card assembly, 2221 front card, 2222 rear card, 2223 rotating buckle, 223 blade, 23 flat card II, 24 flat card I, 3 exhaust assembly, 31 spiral tube, 32 rotating port assembly, 321 fan blade, 322 rotating rod, 323 exhaust port, 4 airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example:

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0028] A submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber comprises a chamber body component 1, a swimming component 2, an exhaust component 3 and an air bag 4. Figure 1 As shown, there is a pressure chamber 12 for storing oxygen on the wall 11 of the silo assembly 1. The oxygen in the pressure chamber 12 is high-pressure oxygen. The oxygen pressure in each pressure chamber 12 gradually decreases. The pressure in the largest pressure chamber 12 is less than the maximum water pressure in the working area, and the pressure in the smallest pressure chamber 12 is greater than one atmosphere. The piston rod 21 of the swimming assembly 2 is installed in the pressure chamber 12. The piston rod 21 acts as a piston at the end of the pressure chamber 12. The piston rod 21 is driven to move by the pressure difference between the seabed pressure and the oxygen pressure in the pressure chamber 12, thereby driving the swimming assembly 2. The piston rod 21 drives the swimming assembly 2 to move to the rear of the silo, so that the silo can move forward. The exhaust assembly 3 is connected to the pressure chamber 12 through the annular connecting pipe 13 at the bottom of the silo wall 11. Figure 2As shown, oxygen is released into the interior of the warehouse through the exhaust assembly 3. An air bag 4 is fixed on the top of the warehouse body assembly 1. When the last swimming assembly 2 is released, the air bag 4 is driven to inflate to ensure that the head of the warehouse can continue to float on the sea.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the bin assembly 1 includes a bin wall 11, a pressure chamber 12, a connecting pipe 13, a one-way valve 14, a blocking block 15, a pull rod 16, a ramming rod 17, a pressing buckle 18 and a closed bin door 19. Figure 3 As shown, there are at least two pressure chambers 12 arranged vertically on the warehouse wall 11. The upper end of each pressure chamber 12 is open, so that the seawater pressure can enter the pressure chamber 12 to push the piston rod 21. The lower end is connected to the annular connecting pipe 13 at the bottom of the warehouse wall 11. The connecting pipe 13 connects all the pressure chambers 12 and transports the oxygen in all the pressure chambers 12 to the exhaust assembly 3. A one-way valve 14 is fixedly installed at the connection point, so that oxygen can only enter the connecting pipe 13 from the pressure chamber 12 but cannot enter the pressure chamber 12 from the connecting pipe 13. A single-use blocking block 15 is provided above the one-way valve 14, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the block 15 at the valve mouth prevents oxygen from leaking from the pressure chamber 12 to the connecting pipe 13 when the escape and rescue chamber is not working. The block 15 is disposable and cannot be reset after being pulled by the pull rod 16, ensuring that the oxygen release process proceeds smoothly. The lower end of the pull rod 16 passes through the chamber wall 11 at the position of the block 15, and the upper end passes through the chamber wall 11 on the upper side of the chamber wall 11. The upper and lower ends of the pull rod 16 are slidably connected with the chamber wall 11. The pull rod 16 has a protrusion at the end of the block 15, which drives the block 15 to move when it is pulled inward. The pull rod 16 still has sealing ability at the position where it passes through the chamber wall 11, ensuring the stability of the inside and outside of the chamber wall 11. The bottom end of the chamber wall 11 is sealed and the upper end is hinged to a closed chamber door 19, which is connected as the entrance and exit for escapees. A tamping rod 17 is fixed on the lower side of the outer wall of the chamber wall 11, and a buckle 18 is fixed on the upper side.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the pressure chamber 12 is not limited to being embedded in the warehouse wall 11, but may also be an external cylinder or tank body or other component or device with similar functions.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the swimming assembly 2 includes a piston rod 21, a blade assembly 22, a flat card II 23 and a flat card I 24, and the blade assembly 22 includes a sliding hoop 221, a flat card assembly 222 and a blade 223. Figure 5As shown, the sliding hoop 221 is an arc-shaped frame slidably installed on the outer side of the warehouse wall 11 and has the same curvature as the outer side of the warehouse wall 11, ensuring that the sliding hoop 221 fits tightly with the outer side of the warehouse wall 11 and that the sliding is stable. A flat card component 222 is connected to each of the two ends of the sliding hoop 221, and two flat card components 222 are also connected to the other two ends of the sliding hoop 221. There are at least two sliding hoops 221 and at least two flat card components 222. The sliding hoop 221 and the flat card components 222 form a complete ring and are slidably installed on the outer side of the warehouse wall 11. After the two sliding hoops 221 and the two flat card components 222 form a complete arc, the sliding hoop 221 and the flat card components 222 are tightly fitted due to the same curvature. The blade 223 is fitted to the outer side of the warehouse wall 11 without being loose, which provides a guarantee for its sliding on the outer side. Each sliding hoop 221 is hinged with a blade 223 at an angle downward, and the outer side of each hinge point of the blade 223 is provided with a flange for angle limitation. The lower side of the blade 223 has an inward inclined surface. When the blade assembly 22 is not working, the blade 223 shrinks inward and fits on the outer side of the warehouse wall 11 or the blade 223 of the next layer. When the blade assembly 22 is pulled downward by the piston rod 21, the seawater is squeezed to the inner side of the blade 223 due to the inward inclined surface on the lower side of the blade 223, and the blade 223 begins to open. Due to the angle limitation of the outer flange of the hinge point of the blade 223 The blades 223 are fixed when they are opened at a certain angle. As the blade assembly 22 continues to move downward, the blades 223 push the warehouse body to move upward. The blade assembly 22 has at least two layers and is arranged in parallel in the axial direction of the warehouse wall 11. Each layer serves as a stage of power to provide power for the escape and rescue warehouse in a staged manner. The thickness of the sliding hoop 221 on the upper layer of the two adjacent layers of blade assemblies 22 is greater than that of the sliding hoop 221 on the lower layer to ensure that the blades 223 on the upper layer can cover the blade assemblies 22 on the lower layer. When the blade assemblies 22 have not yet worked or have not been released, the unreleased part of the blade assemblies 22 stays in the original position in the manner of the upper layer covering the lower layer, and the blades 223 remain in a contracted state. In order to save space and reduce resistance for storage and mobility of the escape rescue warehouse, the lower sliding hoop 221 has a hole for the piston rod 21 connected to the upper sliding hoop 221 to pass through, and the topmost blade assembly 22 is also connected to the piston rod 21, so the piston rod 21 connected to the topmost blade assembly 22 will pass through all the blade assemblies 22 below it. Therefore, the bottommost sliding hoop 221 has holes for the piston rods 21 connected to all the blade assemblies 22 above it to pass through, and the upper end of the piston rod 21 has a raised flat card I 24, and the lower side of each layer of the sliding hoop 221 is fixed with a flat card II 23, and the flat card I 24 is connected to the flat card II 23 to provide downward pulling force for the blade assembly 22, such as Figure 6As shown, the connection between the flat card I 24 and the flat card II 23 is simple and can only provide pulling force for the blade assembly 22. When the blade assembly 22 is pulled to the tamping rod 17, it is easy to fall off the blade assembly 22. Each piston rod 21 is connected to a layer of blade assembly 22, and each corresponding pressure chamber 12 is connected to a layer of blade assembly 22.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the flat card assembly 222 includes a front card 2221, a rear card 2222 and a rotating buckle 2223. Figure 7 As shown, there is a rectangular protrusion I2224 at the upper side of the front card, and the rotating buckle 2223 is hinged on the side of the rectangular protrusion I2224. There is a rectangular protrusion II2225 at the lower side of the rear card 2222 and a rectangular protrusion III2226 at the upper side. The rectangular protrusion I2224 fits with the rectangular protrusion I2224. When the rectangular protrusion I2224 fits with the rectangular protrusion I2224, there will be no gap between them, and when the two cooperate with each other under the pulling force, the rectangular protrusion I2224 will only press the rectangular protrusion II2225 to move downward without moving in other directions or detaching. The bottom of the rectangular protrusion III2226 has a groove and the front end is placed on the hinge point of the rotating buckle 2223. The front end of the rectangular protrusion III2226 is placed on the hinge point of the rotating buckle 2223, so that the rotating buckle 2223 can keep the balance when the rectangular protrusion III2226 presses down the rotating buckle 2223 without flipping over. The end of the rear card 2222 extending toward the rear card 2222 has a rectangular protrusion IV2227 and the end close to the front card 2221 is a receiving top. The rectangular protrusion IV2227 fits with the groove at the bottom of the rectangular protrusion III2226, so that the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222 fit together through lateral pulling force, so that the front card 2221, the rear card 2222 and the rotating buckle 2223 become a solid whole. When the receiving top of the rotating buckle 2223 is pushed upward by the tamping rod 17, the tamping rod 17 is pressed against the rotating buckle 2223. After applying force, one end of the rectangular protrusion IV2227 of the rotating buckle 2223 flips downward, and the rectangular protrusion IV2227 disengages from the groove of the rectangular protrusion III2226. The lateral pulling force between the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222 disappears, and the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222 naturally separate from each other and disintegrate. The sliding hoop 221 is connected to the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222, and both the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222 can serve as a follower and an active part.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the number of flat card components 222 of each layer of blade components 22 is equal to the number of tamping rods 17, and the position of each flat card component 222 on the blade component 22 is such that the top of the rotating buckle 2223 is always aligned with the tamping rod 17 to ensure that when the blade component 22 slides on the outer wall, the top of the rotating buckle 2223 hits the tamping rod 17, the upper end of the pull rod 16 passes through the warehouse wall 11 and is stuck on the lower edge of the sliding hoop 221, the pressure chamber 12, the pull rod 16, the piston rod 21 and the blade component 22 are equal in number and each pressure chamber 12, the pull rod 16, the piston rod 21 and the blade component 22 are equal in number. The blade assemblies 22 correspond to each other as a group. When a certain group is needed, the upper end of the pull rod 16 is clamped on the corresponding layer of blade assemblies 22. When the escape action is started, the pull rod 16 is pulled in stages according to the pressure in the pressure chamber 12 from high to low, thereby releasing the oxygen and the layer of blade assemblies 22 in the corresponding pressure chamber 12. The buckle 18 presses the blades 223 of the uppermost blade assembly 22 in the radial direction. The buckle 18 ensures that the uppermost blades 223 are in a contracted state when not in use, and provides an installation position for the airbag 4.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the exhaust assembly 3 includes a spiral tube 31 and a rotating mouth assembly 32. The bottom of the spiral tube 31 is connected to the connecting pipe 13 and spirally extends upward close to the warehouse wall 11 to transport oxygen to the entire escape and rescue warehouse. At least two rotating mouth assemblies 32 are fixed on the spiral tube 31 to rotate the oxygen in the spiral tube 31 and discharge it into the warehouse. The rotating mouth assemblies 32 at different positions release the oxygen evenly to avoid the influence of excessive local concentration.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating port assembly 32 includes a fan blade 321, a rotating rod 322 and an exhaust port 323. Figure 8 As shown, a fan blade 321 is fixed at the bottom of the rotating rod 322, and the rotating rod 322 is rotatably installed on the spiral tube 31. The fan blade 321 is located inside the spiral tube 31. When high-pressure oxygen passes through the spiral tube 31, a part of it flows upward, thereby pushing the fan blade 321 to rotate, and a part of it flows to the rotating rod 322. The interior of the rotating rod 322 is hollow and an exhaust port 323 is opened on the side of the upper end. The exhaust port 323 is connected to the interior of the spiral tube 31 through the hollow interior of the rotating rod 322. Since the rotating rod 322 rotates under the action of the high-pressure oxygen flow, the exhaust port 323 also rotates, thereby releasing the oxygen evenly inside the warehouse body.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the airbag 4 is fixed on the upper surface of the buckle 18, and the switch of the airbag 4 is connected to the sliding hoop 221 of the top layer of blade assembly 22. When the top layer of blade assembly 22 moves downward, the switch of the airbag 4 is triggered, and the airbag 4 expands rapidly to ensure that the escape and rescue chamber has continuous upward buoyancy.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the airbag 4 is a common inflation airbag, which is a mature and common equipment in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the direction in which the escape and rescue chamber is pushed by the blade assembly 22 is not only upward, but can be any direction that the closed chamber door 19 is pointing to at that time.

[0039] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when not in use, the sealed door 19 is open, and oxygen of different pressures is stored in the pressure chamber 12. The blade assemblies 22 of each layer are stuck at the upper part by the pull rod 16, and the blades 223 are in a retracted state. When an emergency occurs, personnel enter the chamber, close the sealed door 19, and after being submerged in seawater, pull the pull rod 16 corresponding to the pressure chamber 12 with the highest pressure as required, and the block 15 on the one-way valve 14 moves. Oxygen can pass through the one-way valve 14, and the limit of the bottom layer of blade assembly 22 is cancelled. The piston rod 21 pushes the oxygen in the pressure chamber 12 into the chamber under the action of seawater pressure, and at the same time drives the bottom layer of blade assembly 22 to move downward, while other layers remain stationary. After the bottom layer of blades 223 are separated from the covering of the upper layer of blades 223, they open under the action of seawater, and the blade assembly 22 continues to move downward. Under the reaction force of the blade 223, the escape and rescue chamber moves upward, and at the same time, the oxygen in the pressure chamber 12 with the highest pressure enters the spiral tube 31, and the oxygen enters the rescue escape chamber through the rotating mouth assembly 32. When the blade assembly 22 moves to the position of the ramming rod 17, the top of the rotating buckle 2223 hits the ramming rod 17, and the front card 2221 and the rear card 2222 lose the lateral pulling force and disintegrate, so that the entire layer of blade assembly 22 disintegrates, and the sliding hoop 221 falls off the flat card Ⅰ24. The escape and rescue chamber realizes the discarding of the first layer of the swimming assembly 2, and then according to the actual situation, the pull rod 16 is pulled in sequence according to the pressure in the pressure chamber 12 from large to small, so as to realize the maneuverability and weight reduction of the rescue escape chamber in stages, until the pull rod 16 of the last pressure chamber 12 is pulled, the top layer of blade assembly 22 moves, and the airbag 4 starts to inflate, so that the rescue pressure chamber continues to float.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber, comprising a chamber body component (1), a swimming component (2), an exhaust component (3) and an air bag (4), characterized in that: A pressure chamber (12) for storing oxygen is provided on the chamber wall (11) of the chamber body component (1), and a piston rod (21) of the swimming component (2) is installed in the pressure chamber (12). The piston rod (21) is driven to move by the pressure difference between the seabed pressure and the oxygen pressure in the pressure chamber (12), thereby driving the swimming component (2). The exhaust component (3) is connected to the pressure chamber (12) through an annular connecting pipe (13) at the bottom of the chamber wall (11), and oxygen is released into the chamber through the exhaust component (3). An air bag (4) is fixed on the top of the chamber body component (1).

2. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo assembly (1) comprises a silo wall (11), a pressure chamber (12), a connecting pipe (13), a one-way valve (14), a blocking block (15), a pull rod (16), a ramming rod (17), a pressing buckle (18) and a sealed silo door (19). The number of the pressure chambers (12) is at least two and they are arranged vertically on the silo wall (11). The upper end of each pressure chamber (12) is open and the lower end is connected to the annular connecting pipe (13) at the bottom of the silo wall (11). A connecting pipe (13) is fixedly installed at the connecting point. A one-way valve (14) is provided with a single-use blocking block (15) above the one-way valve (14); the lower end of the pull rod (16) passes through the warehouse wall (11) at the position of the blocking block (15), and the upper end passes through the warehouse wall (11) at the upper side of the warehouse wall (11); the upper and lower ends of the pull rod (16) are slidably connected with the warehouse wall (11); the bottom end of the warehouse wall (11) is sealed, and the upper end is hinged to close the warehouse door; a tamping rod (17) is fixed on the lower side of the outer wall of the warehouse wall (11), and a pressing buckle (18) is fixed on the upper side.

3. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable assembly (2) comprises a piston rod (21), a blade assembly (22), a flat card II (23) and a flat card I (24); the blade assembly (22) comprises a sliding hoop (221), a flat card assembly (222) and a blade (223); the sliding hoop (221) is an arc-shaped frame and is slidably mounted on the outer side surface of the warehouse wall (11) and has the same arc as the outer side surface of the warehouse wall (11); one flat card assembly (222) is connected to each of the two ends of the sliding hoop (221); two flat card assemblies (222) are also connected to the other two ends of the other sliding hoop (221); there are at least two sliding hoops (221) and at least two flat card assemblies (222); the sliding hoop (221) and the flat card assembly (222) form a complete ring and are slidably mounted on the outer side surface of the warehouse wall (11); each sliding hoop (221) is hinged with a blade (223) at an angle downward, and each blade The outer sides of the hinge points (223) are all provided with flanges for angle limiting, the lower sides of the blades (223) are provided with inwardly facing inclined surfaces, the blade assemblies (22) are at least two layers and are arranged parallel to the axis direction of the warehouse wall (11), the thickness of the upper sliding hoop (221) in the two adjacent layers of blade assemblies (22) is greater than that of the lower sliding hoop (221) to ensure that the upper blades (223) can wrap around the lower blade assemblies (22), and the lower sliding hoop (221) is provided with a hole through which the piston rod (21) connected to the upper sliding hoop (221) passes, the upper end of the piston rod (21) is provided with a raised flat card I (24), and the lower side surface of each layer of the sliding hoop (221) is fixedly connected with a flat card II (23), the flat card I (24) is connected to the flat card II (23) to provide downward pulling force for the blade assemblies (22), and each piston rod (21) is connected to one layer of blade assemblies (22).

4. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flat card assembly (222) comprises a front card (2221), a rear card (2222) and a rotating buckle (2223); the front card has a rectangular protrusion I (2224) at the upper side; the rotating buckle (2223) is hinged on the side of the rectangular protrusion I (2224); the rear card (2222) has a rectangular protrusion II (2225) at the lower side and a rectangular protrusion III (2226) at the upper side; the rectangular protrusion I (2224) and the rectangular protrusion I (2224) are mutually engaged. The bottom of the rectangular protrusion III (2226) has a groove and the front end is placed on the hinge point of the rotating buckle (2223). The end of the rotating buckle (2223) extending to the rear card (2222) has a rectangular protrusion IV (2227) and the end close to the front card (2221) is the top. The rectangular protrusion IV (2227) and the groove at the bottom of the rectangular protrusion III (2226) fit each other, and the sliding hoop (221) is connected to the front card (2221) and the rear card (2222).

5. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of flat card components (222) of each layer of the blade assembly (22) is equal to the number of tamping rods (17), and the position of each flat card component (222) on the blade assembly (22) is such that the top of the rotating buckle (2223) is always aligned with the tamping rod (17) to ensure that when the blade assembly (22) slides on the outer wall, the top of the rotating buckle (2223) will hit the tamping rod (17), the upper end of the pull rod (16) passes through the warehouse wall (11) and is clamped on the lower edge of the sliding hoop (221), the number of the pressure chamber (12), the pull rod (16), the piston rod (21) and the blade assembly (22) is equal, and each pressure chamber (12), the pull rod (16), the piston rod (21) and the blade assembly (22) correspond to each other and form a group, and the pressing buckle (18) presses the blades (223) of the uppermost blade assembly (22) in the radial direction.

6. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (3) comprises a spiral tube (31) and a rotating port assembly (32). The bottom of the spiral tube (31) is connected to the connecting pipe (13) and extends upward in a spiral manner close to the warehouse wall (11). At least two rotating port assemblies (32) are fixed on the spiral tube (31) to rotate and discharge the oxygen in the spiral tube (31) into the warehouse.

7. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating port assembly (32) comprises a fan blade (321), a rotating rod (322) and an exhaust port (323); the fan blade (321) is fixed at the bottom of the rotating rod (322); the rotating rod (322) is rotatably mounted on the spiral tube (31); the fan blade (321) is located inside the spiral tube (31); the rotating rod (322) is hollow inside and has an exhaust port (323) opened on the side surface of the upper end; the exhaust port (323) is connected to the inside of the spiral tube (31) through the hollow inside the rotating rod (322).

8. The submarine tunnel escape and rescue chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The airbag (4) is fixed on the upper surface of the buckle (18), and the switch of the airbag (4) is connected to the sliding hoop (221) of the uppermost layer of the blade assembly (22).

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