Water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bacterial fertilizers, and particularly discloses a water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10 to 30 parts of liquid urea, 1.1 to 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.1 to 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 to 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 1.01 to 2.1 parts of polyglutamic acid, 0.1 to 1 part of xanthan gum, 0.1 to 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 to 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine and 0.1 to 1 part of compound enzyme. The feed additive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of oxidized starch, 0.1-0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-1 part of compound zymophyte, 1-2 parts of gelatin, 1-2 parts of an emulsifier and 0.01-0.1 part of sodium trimetaphosphate. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer. The organic fertilizer can effectively increase the content of organic matters in soil, improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, promote the growth and development of crop roots, and achieve the purpose of increasing the yield and income of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bacterial fertilizers, and in particular to a water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is a populous country, and agriculture plays an important role. However, agriculture is increasingly dependent on fertilizers, and the uncontrolled use of fertilizers has caused environmental and health problems. Continuing to use chemical synthetics to improve soil fertility and fruit yields will often cause further harm to the environment, not only leading to a decline in agricultural productivity and soil loss, but also causing soil salinization.

[0003] Soil is the basis of agricultural production. The long-term use of chemical fertilizers during the planting process has led to soil compaction and nutrient loss, which has become a major problem facing the country's agricultural planting. Although organic fertilizers, mainly farmyard manure, can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the organic matter therein is of varying quality, and the pathogens and insect eggs they contain can easily aggravate soil pollution.

[0004] Microbial fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer in the development of modern agriculture that uses the life activities of active microorganisms to provide crops with sufficient nutrients. It contains a variety of nutrients and a large number of active microorganisms, which can improve the soil environment, increase soil fertilizer supply and disease resistance, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the quality of agricultural products. It is very beneficial to the development of agriculture in the direction of environmental protection and economy.

[0005] Existing compound microbial fertilizers generally have problems such as unstable effects, poor water retention and yield increase effects, and low survival rate of microorganisms in the soil, which need to be urgently addressed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by mass: 10-30 parts of liquid urea, 1.1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.1-0.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.01-2.1 parts of polyglutamic acid, 0.1-1 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-1 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5-15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.1-1 parts of complex enzyme, 1-2 parts of oxidized starch, 0.1-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-1 parts of complex fermentation bacteria, 1-2 parts of gelatin, 1-2 parts of emulsifier and 0.01-0.1 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0008] Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine comprises: licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, iris, cinnamon twig, and the mass ratio of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, iris, cinnamon twig is 25-35:10-20:15-20:8-12:10-20:8-12.

[0009] Preferably, the complex enzyme comprises: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase.

[0010] Preferably, the molecular weight of polyglutamic acid is 800-1200 kDa.

[0011] Preferably, the composite fermentation bacteria include: Trichoderma viride, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Streptomyces tenuifolius.

[0012] Preferably, the viable count of Trichoderma viride is 8-9×10 8 / g, and the number of live phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is 4-6×10 7 / g, and the number of viable potassium-dissolving bacteria is 1-3×10 7 The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is 4-6×10 8 / g, and the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis is 2-5×10 8 / g, and the number of viable bacteria of Streptomyces leucophylla is 1-3×10 7 Pieces / g.

[0013] Preferably, the emulsifier is Tween 80.

[0014] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Crush and sieve the Chinese herbal medicine, add water, sterilize at high temperature and then cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme for enzymolysis for 1-2 hours, the enzymolysis temperature is 40-50°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis for 1-2 hours, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the enzymolysis solution;

[0016] S2, adding oxidized starch, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at 30-40° C. for 2-6 hours, adding polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0017] S3. Add the emulsifier to the liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto and stir for 1-5 minutes under stirring. Add sodium trimetaphosphate and stir at 40-50°C for 1-2 hours. Cool the system to -5 to -15°C and keep warm for 10-20 hours. Warm to room temperature and centrifuge. Add liquid urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.01-0.1 parts of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0018] Preferably, in S1, the ultrasonic power is 250-400W.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate used in S2 to potassium dihydrogen phosphate used in S3 is 1-2:0.1-1.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of polyglutamic acid used in S2 to polyglutamic acid used in S3 is 1-2:0.01-0.1.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention adopts Chinese herbal medicines which are hydrolyzed by composite enzymes, which can not only quickly degrade and metabolize macromolecular substances such as cellulose into small molecular substances, but also cooperate with the action of fermentation bacteria to obtain easily absorbed nutrient elements. At the same time, after being applied to the soil, the number of miscellaneous bacteria can be effectively reduced, especially the inhibition effect on Aspergillus flavus in the soil is significant, the microenvironment of the crop rhizosphere soil is improved, the occurrence of crop diseases is reduced, and a good co-metabolic relationship with the soil can be formed to improve the ecological environment.

[0023] Among them, polyglutamic acid and gelatin are compounded to form emulsified particles through emulsification, and sodium trimetaphosphate promotes the chemical cross-linking of polyglutamic acid. Gelatin forms an interpenetrating double network with polyglutamic acid-sodium trimetaphosphate through physical action. It not only has a strong association effect on microorganisms, good microsphere stability, and long-term strain activity, but also has a strong preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases after being applied to the soil. It can fix more water molecules and has excellent water retention effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of organic matter in fertilizers and soils, promoting the growth and development of crop roots, and effectively improving the quality and yield of crops.

[0024] The present invention can effectively increase the content of organic matter in the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, promote the growth and development of crop roots, reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizers, reduce production costs, achieve the purpose of increasing crop yields and incomes, and play a positive role in the sustainable development of modern agriculture. At the same time, it has the advantages of being non-toxic and harmless, and will not cause any damage to crops even if excessively applied, and has the advantage of safe application operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of the number of Aspergillus flavus colonies in the soil of the negative control group, the positive control group, Example 5, the comparative example 1 group and the comparative example 2 group at different lettuce growth stages.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a comparison chart of the total amount of bacteria in the soil of the negative control group, the positive control group, the Example 5 group, the comparative example 1 group and the comparative example 2 group at different stages of the lettuce.

[0027] Figure 3It is a comparison chart of organic matter content in soil of negative control group, positive control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group and Comparative Example 2 group at different lettuce growth stages.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a comparison chart of plant height and leaf fresh weight of lettuce harvested from negative control group, positive control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group and Comparative Example 2 group.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a comparison chart of the chlorophyll content of the lettuces harvested from the negative control group, the positive control group, Example 5 group, the comparative example 1 group and the comparative example 2 group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 10kg of liquid urea, 1.1kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.1kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1kg of zinc sulfate, 1.01kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 800kDa, 0.1kg of xanthan gum, 0.1kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.1kg of complex enzyme, 1kg of oxidized starch, 0.1kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.1kg of complex fermentation bacteria, 1kg of gelatin, 1kg of Tween 80, and 0.01kg of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0033] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 25:10:15:8:10:8. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, the number of viable bacteria is 4×10 7 The number of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria per gram is 1×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 4×10 8 Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 1×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0034] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine through a 100-mesh sieve, add 50 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir at a speed of 50 r / min for enzymolysis for 1 hour, the enzymolysis temperature is 40°C, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically assist enzymolysis for 1 hour, the ultrasonic power is 250 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the enzymolysis solution;

[0036] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at a temperature of 30°C for 2h, adding 1kg polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0037] S3. Add Tween 80 to 200 kg of liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto under stirring, stir at a speed of 1000 r / min for 1 min, add sodium trimetaphosphate, stir at 40°C for 1 h, cool the system to -5°C, keep warm for 10 h, warm to room temperature, centrifuge, add liquid urea, 0.1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.01 kg of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 30kg of liquid urea, 3kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.5kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.5kg of zinc sulfate, 2.1kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 1200kDa, 1kg of xanthan gum, 1kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 15kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 1kg of composite enzyme, 2kg of oxidized starch, 0.5kg of magnesium sulfate, 1kg of composite fermentation bacteria, 2kg of gelatin, 2kg of Tween 80, and 0.1kg of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0040] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 35:20:20:12:20:12. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 9×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, the number of viable bacteria is 6×10 7 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria / g, and the number of viable bacteria is 3×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 6×10 8 Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 3×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0041] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine through a 100-mesh sieve, add 150 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 150 r / min for 2 h, the hydrolysis temperature is 50°C, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically hydrolyze for 2 h, the ultrasonic power is 400 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0043] S2, adding oxidized starch, 2kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at a temperature of 40°C for 6h, adding 2kg polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0044] S3. Add Tween 80 to 400 kg of liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto under stirring, stir at a speed of 2000 r / min for 5 min, add sodium trimetaphosphate, stir at 50°C for 2 h, cool the system to -15°C, keep warm for 20 h, warm to room temperature, centrifuge, add liquid urea, 1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.1 kg of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 15kg of liquid urea, 2.4kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.8kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.2kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.4kg of zinc sulfate, 1.32kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 900kDa, 0.7kg of xanthan gum, 0.2kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 12kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.3kg of complex enzyme, 1.7kg of oxidized starch, 0.2kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.7kg of complex fermentation bacteria, 1.3kg of gelatin, 1.8kg of Tween 80, and 0.02kg of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0047] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 32:13:18:9:17:9. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8.8×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, and the number of viable bacteria was 4.5×10 7 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria / g, and the number of viable bacteria is 2.5×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 4.5×10 8 Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 4×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 1.5×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0048] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine and pass it through a 100-mesh sieve, add 120 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 70 r / min for 100 min, the hydrolysis temperature is 42°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis for 100 min, the ultrasound power is 300 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0050] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1.7 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at 33° C. for 5 h, adding 1.3 kg polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0051] S3. Add Tween 80 to 250 kg of liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto under stirring, stir at a speed of 1800 r / min for 2 min, add sodium trimetaphosphate, stir at a temperature of 47°C for 80 min, cool the system to -12°C, keep warm for 13 h, warm to room temperature, centrifuge, add liquid urea, 0.7 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.02 kg of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 25kg of liquid urea, 1.6kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.4kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.2kg of zinc sulfate, 1.78kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 1100kDa, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 0.8kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 8kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.7kg of complex enzyme, 1.3kg of oxidized starch, 0.4kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.3kg of complex fermentation bacteria, 1.7kg of gelatin, 1.2kg of Tween 80, and 0.08kg of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0054] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 28:17:16:11:13:11. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8.2×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, and the number of viable bacteria was 5.5×10 7 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 1.5×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria were 5.5×10 8Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 3×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2.5×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0055] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine through a 100-mesh sieve, add 80 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 130 r / min for 80 min, the hydrolysis temperature is 48°C, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically assist hydrolysis for 80 min, the ultrasonic power is 350 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0057] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1.3 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at 37° C. for 3 h, adding 1.7 kg polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0058] S3. Add Tween 80 to 350 kg of liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto under stirring, stir at a speed of 1200 r / min for 4 min, add sodium trimetaphosphate, stir at 43°C for 100 min, cool the system to -8°C, keep warm for 17 h, warm to room temperature, centrifuge, add liquid urea, 0.3 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.08 kg of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 20kg of liquid urea, 2kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.3kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.3kg of zinc sulfate, 1.55kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 1000kDa, 0.5kg of xanthan gum, 0.5kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.5kg of complex enzyme, 1.5kg of oxidized starch, 0.3kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.5kg of complex fermentation bacteria, 1.5kg of gelatin, 1.5kg of Tween 80, and 0.05kg of sodium trimetaphosphate.

[0061] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 30:15:17:10:15:10. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8.5×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 7Phosphate solubilizing bacteria per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 8 Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 3.5×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0062] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine and pass it through a 100-mesh sieve, add 100 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 100 r / min for 90 min, the hydrolysis temperature is 45°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis for 90 min, the ultrasound power is 330 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0064] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at 35°C for 4 hours, adding 1.5 kg polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0065] S3. Add Tween 80 to 300 kg of liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto under stirring, stir at a speed of 1500 r / min for 3 min, add sodium trimetaphosphate, stir at a temperature of 45°C for 90 min, cool the system to -10°C, keep warm for 15 h, warm to room temperature, centrifuge, add liquid urea, 0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.05 kg of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 20kg of liquid urea, 2kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.3kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.3kg of zinc sulfate, 0.05kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 1000kDa, 0.5kg of xanthan gum, 0.5kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.5kg of complex enzyme, 1.5kg of oxidized starch, 0.3kg of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5kg of complex fermentation bacteria.

[0068] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 30:15:17:10:15:10. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8.5×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 7 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 8 Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 3.5×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0069] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine and pass it through a 100-mesh sieve, add 100 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 100 r / min for 90 min, the hydrolysis temperature is 45°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis for 90 min, the ultrasound power is 330 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0071] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate, stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, and aerobically fermenting at a temperature of 35° C. for 4 h to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0072] S3. Add liquid urea, 0.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.05 kg polyglutamic acid into the fermentation liquid and mix well.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] A water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer, whose raw materials include: 20kg of liquid urea, 2kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.3kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.3kg of zinc sulfate, 0.05kg of polyglutamic acid with a molecular weight of 1000kDa, 0.5kg of xanthan gum, 0.5kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10kg of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.5kg of complex enzyme, 1.5kg of oxidized starch, 0.3kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.5kg of complex fermentation bacteria, and 1.5kg of gelatin.

[0075] The Chinese herbal medicine is composed of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, mulberry leaf, and cassia twig in a mass ratio of 30:15:17:10:15:10. The compound enzyme includes: α-amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase. The compound fermentation bacteria include: the number of viable bacteria is 8.5×10 8 / g of Trichoderma viride, the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 7 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 The potassium-dissolving bacteria per gram and the number of viable bacteria is 5×10 8Bacillus subtilis / g, the number of viable bacteria is 3.5×10 8 Bacillus licheniformis per gram, and the number of viable bacteria is 2×10 7 / g of Streptomyces flavonoids.

[0076] The preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase comprises the following steps:

[0077] S1. Crush the Chinese herbal medicine and pass it through a 100-mesh sieve, add 100 kg of water, sterilize at high temperature and cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme, stir and hydrolyze at a speed of 100 r / min for 90 min, the hydrolysis temperature is 45°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis for 90 min, the ultrasound power is 330 W, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the hydrolyzate;

[0078] S2, adding oxidized starch, 1.5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at a temperature of 35° C. for 4 h, adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0079] S3. Stir the fermentation liquid at 45°C for 90 minutes, cool the system to -10°C, keep warm for 15 hours, warm to room temperature, add liquid urea, 0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.05 kg of polyglutamic acid and mix well.

[0080] Potted lettuce was used for a comparative experiment on the effect of bacterial fertilizer. The flowerpot was 40 cm high and 38 cm in diameter. The lettuce variety was American large fast-growing. The physical and chemical properties of the soil used were as follows: pH = 7.26, organic matter 4.63%, alkaline nitrogen 359.13 mg / kg, available phosphorus 57.33 mg / kg, and fast-acting potassium 142.93 mg / kg.

[0081] Then they were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group and Comparative Example 2 group. The negative control group neither added toxic aflatoxin nor applied bacterial fertilizer; the positive control group added toxic aflatoxin but did not apply bacterial fertilizer; Example 5 group added toxic aflatoxin and applied the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Example 5; Comparative Example 1 group added toxic aflatoxin and applied the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Comparative Example 1; Comparative Example 2 group added toxic aflatoxin and applied the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Comparative Example 2. The above-mentioned addition of toxic aflatoxin is to apply aflatoxin to the soil by using rice as a carrier, and the content of aflatoxin is 8×10 6 cfu / g; and the application of corresponding liquid microbial fertilizers was to irrigate the roots of each lettuce plant at 10-20 mL per plant on the 1st, 5th, 10th and 20th day after planting. The other field management measures remained the same.

[0082] During the lettuce seedling, rosette and heading stages, samples were taken from 5-10 cm below the soil surface in the flowerpots to detect the number of Aspergillus flavus colonies and the number of soil bacteria.

[0083] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the number of Aspergillus flavus colonies and the number of soil bacteria in each group first increased and then decreased. This is because during the lettuce seedling and rosette stages, the rice carrier provided Aspergillus flavus and soil bacteria with relatively abundant nutrients, allowing Aspergillus flavus and bacteria to reproduce rapidly. However, when the lettuce heading stage came, the rice carrier consumed all the nutrients, resulting in a decrease in the number of Aspergillus flavus and bacteria beginning to decline.

[0084] Compared with the two control groups, the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 can significantly reduce the colony count of Aspergillus flavus and effectively increase the total bacterial count, and the effect of Example 5 is the best.

[0085] The applicant believes that this is because the Chinese herbal medicine used in the present invention is hydrolyzed and fermented by a composite enzyme, and after being applied to the soil, the number of miscellaneous bacteria can be effectively reduced, especially the inhibitory effect on Aspergillus flavus in the soil is remarkable, and the microenvironment of the rhizosphere soil of crops is improved; and polyglutamic acid and gelatin are compounded to form emulsified particles through emulsification, and sodium trimetaphosphate promotes the chemical cross-linking of polyglutamic acid, and gelatin forms an interpenetrating double network with polyglutamic acid-sodium trimetaphosphate through physical action, which not only has a strong association effect on microorganisms, good stability of the microspheres, and a long time of maintaining the activity of the strain, but also has a strong preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases after being applied to the soil.

[0086] The organic matter in the soil was tested during the lettuce seedling and rosette stages, such as Figure 3 As shown, compared with the two control groups, the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 can effectively increase the organic matter content in the soil. The applicant believes that this is because the three groups use Chinese herbal medicines that are hydrolyzed by complex enzymes, which can not only quickly degrade and metabolize macromolecules such as cellulose into small molecules, but also cooperate with the fermentation bacteria to obtain easily absorbed nutrients. After being applied to the soil, it can effectively reduce the number of miscellaneous bacteria, improve the microenvironment of the crop rhizosphere soil, reduce the occurrence of crop diseases, and form a good co-metabolic relationship with the soil; and through the formation of an interpenetrating double network with gelatin and polyglutamic acid-sodium trimetaphosphate, the microspheres have good stability and a controlled release effect, which can improve the utilization rate of organic matter in fertilizers and soil and promote the growth and development of crop roots.

[0087] 45 days after the lettuce was planted, 3 lettuces were taken from each pot, washed with sterile water, dried, and the plant height, leaf fresh weight (i.e., fresh weight of the aboveground part) and chlorophyll content were measured.

[0088] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the liquid microbial fertilizer obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 can effectively increase the plant height and yield of lettuce, and increase the chlorophyll content, and the enhancement effect of Example 5 is the best. The applicant believes that this is because, on the one hand, after the Chinese herbal medicine is hydrolyzed by the composite enzyme, it can not only quickly degrade and metabolize macromolecules such as cellulose into small molecules, but also cooperate with the fermentation bacteria to obtain easily absorbed nutrients, which can effectively reduce the number of bacteria after being applied to the soil, improve the microenvironment of the crop rhizosphere soil, and reduce the occurrence of crop diseases. On the other hand, gelatin and polyglutamic acid-sodium trimetaphosphate form an interpenetrating double network, which can fix more water molecules, has excellent water retention effect, improves the utilization rate of organic matter in fertilizers and soil, promotes the growth and development of crop roots, and effectively improves the quality and yield of lettuce.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid microbial fertilizer for water conservation and yield increase, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by mass, 10-30 parts of liquid urea, 1.1-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.1-0.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.01-2.1 parts of polyglutamic acid, 0.1-1 parts of xanthan gum, 0.1-1 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5-15 parts of Chinese herbal medicine, 0.1-1 parts of complex enzyme, 1-2 parts of oxidized starch, 0.1-0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-1 parts of complex fermentation bacteria, 1-2 parts of gelatin, 1-2 parts of emulsifier and 0.01-0.1 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate.

2. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chinese herbal medicines include: The mass ratio of licorice, atractylodes, bupleurum, kudzu root, iris leaf and cinnamon twig is 25-35:10-20:15-20:8-12:10-20:8-12.

3. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme complex includes: α-Amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, xylanase and β-glucanase.

4. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of polyglutamic acid is 800-1200 kDa.

5. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite fermentation bacteria include: Trichoderma viride, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Streptomyces tenuifolius.

6. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The viable count of Trichoderma viride is 8-9×10 8 / g, and the number of live phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is 4-6×10 7 / g, and the number of viable potassium-dissolving bacteria is 1-3×10 7 The number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis is 4-6×10 8 / g, and the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis is 2-5×10 8 / g, and the number of viable bacteria of Streptomyces leucophylla is 1-3×10 7 Pieces / g.

7. The water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsifier is Tween 80.

8. A method for preparing the water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Crush and sieve the Chinese herbal medicine, add water, sterilize at high temperature and then cool to room temperature, add complex enzyme for enzymolysis for 1-2 hours, the enzymolysis temperature is 40-50°C, cool to room temperature, perform ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis for 1-2 hours, inactivate the enzyme, centrifuge, and separate the solid and liquid to obtain the enzymolysis solution; S2, adding oxidized starch, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to the enzymatic hydrolyzate and stirring evenly, inoculating composite fermentation bacteria, aerobically fermenting at 30-40° C. for 2-6 hours, adding polyglutamic acid and adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-6, and then adding gelatin and stirring evenly to obtain a fermentation liquid; S3. Add the emulsifier to the liquid paraffin and stir evenly. Add the fermentation liquid dropwise thereinto and stir for 1-5 minutes under stirring. Add sodium trimetaphosphate and stir at 40-50°C for 1-2 hours. Cool the system to -5 to -15°C and keep warm for 10-20 hours. Warm to room temperature and centrifuge. Add liquid urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, xanthan gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.01-0.1 parts of polyglutamic acid to the lower liquid and mix evenly.

9. The method for preparing the water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S1, the ultrasonic power is 250-400W.

10. The method for preparing the water-retaining and yield-increasing liquid microbial fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate used in S2 to potassium dihydrogen phosphate used in S3 is 1-2:0.1-1; the mass ratio of polyglutamic acid used in S2 to polyglutamic acid used in S3 is 1-2:0.01-0.1.

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