Reactor equipment flange bolt looseness detection method and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor equipment flange bolt looseness detection method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: responding to a looseness detection signal of a to-be-detected bolt installed on a target flange, and transmitting a detection electric signal to a signal conversion device in real time, acquiring a reference guided wave signal of the reference bolt in a tightening state and loosening guided wave signals of the reference bolt in different loosening states; converting the detection electric signal into a detection guided wave signal, exciting the detection guided wave signal to a first position of the target flange, and receiving a return guided wave signal reflected by a second position of the target flange; based on the return guided wave signal, the reference guided wave signal and the loosening guided wave signal, whether the to-be-detected bolt installed on the target flange is loosened or not is judged; and if the to-be-detected bolt is loosened, determining loosening position information of the to-be-detected bolt in the target flange based on the return guided wave signal, the reference guided wave signal and a preset bolt loosening position information reference function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor safety detection, and in particular to a detection method, a device and a storage medium for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment. Background Art

[0002] Flanges are widely used in the field of nuclear power due to their advantages of high connection strength, good sealing, high temperature and high pressure resistance, and they play an irreplaceable role in the key structures of many reactors. In the field of nuclear power, most flange structures are detachable joints that use bolts to tighten two flanges to make them tightly combined. However, in many large equipment in reactors, there are often a large number of bolts on a flange. When the bolts in the flange are detected to be loose during the operation of the equipment, if the loose bolts cannot be located in time, it will cause huge safety hazards.

[0003] At present, bolt loosening is usually checked manually and regularly. However, this method is greatly affected by human subjective factors, and may result in missed inspections or wrong inspections, resulting in low accuracy in detecting loose bolts. At the same time, manual inspections also require staff to go to the site and make a lot of preparations in advance, resulting in low efficiency in detecting loose bolts. Regular inspections may also result in untimely detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, a device and a storage medium for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, which are mainly capable of improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of loose flange bolts of reactor equipment and ensuring the timeliness of detection.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment, comprising:

[0006] In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states are obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees;

[0007] The signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, and excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and the signal conversion device is used to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange;

[0008] Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose;

[0009] If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0010] Optionally, the signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, and the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt;

[0011] The method of using the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and using the signal conversion device to receive a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange includes:

[0012] Using the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and using the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal;

[0013] The first piezoelectric sensor is used to excite the detection waveguide signal to the target flange, and the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the target flange.

[0014] Optionally, judging whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes:

[0015] Determining reference loosening characteristic values ​​of the reference bolt in different loosening states based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal;

[0016] Determining a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal;

[0017] The looseness characteristic value to be detected is matched with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0018] Optionally, determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function includes:

[0019] Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected;

[0020] The signal energy of the reference waveguide signal is respectively subtracted from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each looseness degree and the absolute value is taken to obtain the loose waveguide signal energy difference, and the energy difference of each loose waveguide signal is divided by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy;

[0021] Matching the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determining the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result;

[0022] Based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0023] Optionally, before determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function, the method further includes:

[0024] Acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes a plurality of sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals includes a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loose positions and different loose degrees of sample bolts on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolts are not loosened;

[0025] Based on each of the sample loosening waveguide signals and the sample reference waveguide signal, determining a relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy of the sample bolt at each of the loosening positions and each of the loosening degrees;

[0026] Based on the respective loose positions, the respective loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the respective loose positions and the respective loose degrees, the preset bolt loose position information reference function is constructed.

[0027] Optionally, before judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal, the method further includes:

[0028] Determining signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal;

[0029] Based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, determine a filter, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal;

[0030] Determine the signal amplification factor of the filtered return waveguide signal based on the signal amplitude of the filtered return waveguide signal and the output signal requirement information, and amplify the filtered return waveguide signal by using the low-noise amplification device based on the signal amplification factor to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal;

[0031] Determine phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during isolation filtering and amplification processing, and perform phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal based on the phase change information to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal;

[0032] Amplifying the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal by using a program-controlled amplifier, and performing differential conversion on the return waveguide signal after the amplitude amplification to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal;

[0033] The step of judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes:

[0034] Based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0035] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0036] If the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, a detection waveguide signal is transmitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and a return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal is received;

[0037] Based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, determining a loosening detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals;

[0038] Based on each of the looseness detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loosened is determined. If the number of looseness is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is located, otherwise the bolt to be detected is prohibited from being located.

[0039] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment, comprising:

[0040] An acquisition unit is used to respond to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time using an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, and acquire a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees;

[0041] a receiving unit, configured to receive the detection electrical signal by using the signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange by using the signal conversion device;

[0042] A judging unit, configured to judge whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal;

[0043] A determination unit is used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

[0044] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of a reactor device.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment when executing the program.

[0046] According to a method, device and storage medium for detecting loose bolts of reactor equipment flange provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of checking bolt looseness by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be detected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange is received, and at the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in a tightened state by a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in different loose states by the reference bolt are obtained. Then, a reference waveguide signal is generated by the reference flange, and ... Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If it is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, so as to realize real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improve the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and provide guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for detecting loose flange bolts of a reactor device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a flange bolt positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing working conditions of a bolt in a normal state and in different loose states provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a flange bolt positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0052] Figure 5 A flow chart of another method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting loose flange bolts of a reactor device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0056] At present, the method of checking for loose bolts through manual regular inspections is greatly affected by human subjective factors, which may lead to missed inspections or inspection errors. At the same time, the manual inspection method also requires staff to go to the site and make a lot of preparations in advance, resulting in low efficiency in detecting loose bolts. In addition, the regular inspection method may result in untimely detection.

[0057] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0058] 101. In response to the loosening detection signal of the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange in the reactor equipment, the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send the detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time, and the reference guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and the loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states is obtained.

[0059] Among them, the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange (that is, the flange geometry, material and other information of the reference flange are the same as the geometry, material and other information of the target flange), the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected (that is, the geometry, material, quantity information of the reference bolt is the same as the geometry, material, quantity and other information of the bolt to be detected), the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, different loose states include different loose positions and different loose degrees, and different loose degrees are achieved by different preload forces.

[0060] For the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention realizes the loosening detection of bolts and the positioning of loose bolts through the flange bolt positioning system, such as Figure 2As shown, the flange bolt positioning system includes an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device (ultrasonic guided wave positioning system), a signal conversion device, and a computing device (computer), and the signal conversion device also includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor. The ultrasonic guided wave positioning device and the signal conversion device are connected by a BNC (Bayonet Nut Connector) shielded cable, and the BNC and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device are connected by an aviation plug interface, which is used to send a detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time, and receive the return waveguide signal returned by the signal conversion device, and determine the loosening information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange based on the return waveguide signal; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal sent by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, and excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; the computing device and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device are connected by wifi or a network cable, and the network cable connection is realized through a network interface, and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning system is continuously powered by a power supply interface. It is used to control the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device to emit a detection electrical signal and display the loosening information of the bolt to be detected. Specifically, during installation, a plurality of bolts are installed between the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor. Figure 2 Taking the installation of 4 bolts as an example, the remaining number of bolts is similar. The first piezoelectric sensor array is responsible for converting the electrical signal output by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning system into an ultrasonic guided wave signal for excitation. After the excited guided wave signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, it reflects the return guided wave signal through the target flange. The second piezoelectric sensor receives the return guided wave signal and sends the return guided wave signal to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. The ultrasonic guided wave positioning device mainly realizes the excitation control and acquisition processing of the return guided wave signal, locates and analyzes the collected signal and outputs it to the computing device for display; the computing device is used for human-computer interaction, data management and remote upgrade of the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. Among them, the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are connected to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device with an anti-interference BNC shielded cable; the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device and the computing device are connected with a network cable or WI-FI.

[0061] Further, for example, Figure 3 As shown, different loose positions of the reference bolt, different looseness degrees, as well as the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal are shown. Figure 3A(F) in the figure represents the waveguide signal excited by the first piezoelectric sensor to the reference flange, T1, T2, T3, and T4 represent bolt positions, respectively, A(F0) represents the return waveguide signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolts at various positions on the reference flange are not loosened, A(F1) represents the return waveguide signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolts at position T1 on the reference flange are loosened, A(F2) represents the return waveguide signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolts at position T2 on the reference flange are loosened, A(F3) represents the return waveguide signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolts at position T3 on the reference flange are loosened, and A(F4) represents the return waveguide signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolts at position T4 on the reference flange are loosened. When all reference bolts on the reference flange are not loosened, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange, and after the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, a reference waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolts at the first position on the reference flange are loosened to the first degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolts at the second position on the reference flange are loosened to the first degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. By analogy, loosening waveguide signals when bolts at different positions are loosened can be obtained. In addition, it is set that the bolts at the first position on the reference flange are loosened to the second degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolts at the second position on the reference flange are loosened to the second degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. By analogy, the loosening waveguide signals corresponding to bolts with different degrees of looseness at the same position can be obtained.Afterwards, the amplitude change of the return waveguide signal of the bolt to be detected is compared with the amplitude change of the loose waveguide signal, so as to obtain the looseness and loose position of the bolt to be detected, thereby obtaining the waveguide signal in real time through the piezoelectric sensor and the ultrasonic waveguide positioning, and the waveguide signal received in the flange structure is pre-processed and compared with the reference signal and the loose signal to achieve the determination of the looseness and loose position of the bolt, thereby improving the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the looseness of the bolt. Through real-time detection, the timeliness of the detection of the looseness of the bolt can be guaranteed, and the safe operation of the key equipment of the reactor can be guaranteed. It should be noted that the above examples are only illustrative and do not specifically limit the embodiments of the present invention, and the waveguide signal emitted each time should be the same.

[0062] 102. Receive the detection electrical signal using a signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device.

[0063] The first position and the second position are set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the selection of the first position and the second position. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the hardware system adopts the system architecture of FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) + MCU (Microcontroller Unit), in which FPGA is the main control for data processing and MCU is the main control for module interaction and communication. MCU directly controls FPGA and function configuration module, which decodes and distributes the received waveguide signal, and then outputs the configuration information to the channel selection module, waveguide receiving module and waveguide receiving module respectively. MCU stores the default configuration information internally, and can also receive the configuration information transmitted by the computing device through Ethernet or WI-FI. DDR3 (Double-Data-Rate Three Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) is responsible for storing the data of FPGA. The excitation and collection of waveguide signals are all controlled by FPGA, and FPGA has built-in positioning processing algorithm, which can store the processing results offline or interact with MCU and upload them to the computing device through MCU. Specifically, the FPGA controls the excitation of the waveguide signal and the collection of the return waveguide signal from the flange. After receiving the return waveguide signal, the FPGA detects the looseness of the bolt based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, and uploads the detection result to the computing device through the MCU for display.

[0064] Most flange bolt positioning systems are deployed in harsh environments. In such environments, system disassembly is difficult and there are certain safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to realize online software upgrades during version iteration. Software upgrades mainly include two parts: MCU and FPGA, and online software remote upgrade technology upgrades them separately. Among them, the MCU upgrade program is downloaded to the built-in Flash (a kind of memory), and the FPGA upgrade program is downloaded to the external Flash through the MCU. The upgrade program only requires developers to develop remotely, and then package and encrypt them separately, and then download them to the specified location through the network port. In the positioning monitoring of the loose flange bolts of key reactor equipment, the embodiment of the present invention takes the proposed bolt loosening positioning method as the theoretical basis and develops a key equipment flange bolt loosening positioning system based on guided waves. A piezoelectric sensor array is used to realize the positioning measurement of bolt loosening. The system adopts the MCU+FPGA architecture, which not only realizes the separation of system control and data processing, but also can remotely update and upgrade the system. The system also designs a high-performance guided wave extraction hardware structure to achieve high-precision acquisition of guided waves.

[0065] 103. Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determine whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose.

[0066] According to the embodiment of the present invention, based on the reference waveguide signal, the return waveguide signal is analyzed, and the characteristic value to be detected in the return waveguide signal is extracted according to the analysis result, and based on the reference waveguide signal, the loosening waveguide signal is analyzed, and the loosening characteristic value in the loosening waveguide signal is extracted according to the analysis result, and finally, according to the characteristic value to be detected and the loosening characteristic value, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, and if loose, the loose position is located. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier, performs corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, and realizes online real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment without manual intervention, thereby improving the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of bolt loosening, and providing guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0067] 104. If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0068] For the embodiment of the present invention, when a bolt to be detected on the target flange is loose, in order to pre-tighten the bolt to be detected, it is necessary to accurately determine the position information of the loose bolt. Specifically, the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal can be substituted into the pre-constructed preset bolt loose position information reference function and the preset bolt loose position information reference function can be solved to obtain the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange. The embodiment of the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier, performs corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, realizes real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improves the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and provides guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0069] According to a method for detecting loose bolts of reactor equipment flange provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of checking bolt looseness by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to a first position of a target flange where the bolt to be detected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected by a second position of the target flange is received. At the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected by a reference flange in a tightened state of a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in different loose states of the reference bolt are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, a reference waveguide signal reflected by a reference flange in a tightened state of the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is obtained. The invention uses the waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If it is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, so as to realize real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improve the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and provide guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0070] Further, in order to better illustrate the above process of positioning the reactor equipment flange bolts, as a refinement and extension of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention provides another method for detecting loosening of the reactor equipment flange bolts, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method includes:

[0071] 201. In response to the loosening detection signal of the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange in the reactor equipment, the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send the detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time, and the reference guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and the loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states is obtained.

[0072] Specifically, the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device integrates ultrasonic guided wave modulation, excitation, collection, and processing into a high-performance system device. The device is connected to the sensor in the form of an aviation plug, and uses a BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman, coaxial cable) line to transmit signals to the sensor array. The positioning system outputs a modulated waveform in the form of voltage and converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration through the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheet to achieve the excitation of the guided wave. Other sensors can convert electrical signals into guided wave signals through the inverse piezoelectric effect and transmit them to the positioning system to achieve the collection of guided wave signals. The collected guided wave signals are passed through the system's built-in positioning algorithm to achieve positioning monitoring of loose bolts on the flange of key reactor equipment.

[0073] 202. Receive the detection electrical signal using a signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device.

[0074] Wherein, the signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt, the first piezoelectric sensor can be arranged near the first position, and the second piezoelectric sensor can be arranged near the second position.

[0075] For the embodiment of the present invention, in order to transmit and receive the waveguide signal, step 202 specifically includes: using the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and using the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal; using the first piezoelectric sensor to excite the detection waveguide signal to the target flange, and using the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the target flange.

[0076] Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to two piezoelectric sensors, but can also be more than two piezoelectric sensors, and a preset number of bolts to be detected are distributed between each piezoelectric sensor. The first piezoelectric sensor near the first position is used to receive the detection electrical signal emitted by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, and convert the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal, and then the first piezoelectric sensor excites the detection guided wave signal to the target flange, so that the detection guided wave signal is transmitted on the target flange. When the detection guided wave signal is transmitted to the second piezoelectric sensor, the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange, and finally the return guided wave signal is analyzed to detect the looseness of the bolts to be detected on the target flange.

[0077] Furthermore, after determining the return waveguide signal, it is also necessary to preprocess the return waveguide signal. Based on this, the method includes: determining the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; determining a filter based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, and using the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; determining the signal amplification factor of the return waveguide signal after filtering based on the signal amplitude and output signal requirement information of the return waveguide signal after filtering, and based on the signal amplification factor, using the low-noise amplifier to amplify the filtered return waveguide signal to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal; determining the phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation filtering and amplification processing, and based on the phase change information, performing phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; using the programmable amplifier to amplify the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal, and performing differential conversion on the return waveguide signal after the amplitude amplification to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal.

[0078] Among them, the signal attribute information includes the frequency range, bandwidth, main frequency, noise level, signal amplitude, phase, etc. of the return waveguide signal; the filtering requirement information includes: filtering purpose, expected filtering effect, real-time filtering requirements, etc.; the output signal requirement information includes: expected signal amplitude range, such as the dynamic range of the return waveguide signal, the expected signal-to-noise ratio, the expected distortion, etc.

[0079] Specifically, the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal are used to select a suitable filter. For example, if the high-frequency noise in the return waveguide signal needs to be removed, or the signal needs to be smoothed, a low-pass filter can be selected; if the low-frequency noise in the return waveguide signal needs to be removed, or the high-frequency signal needs to be emphasized, a high-pass filter can be selected; if it is necessary to extract a useful signal within a specific frequency range from the return waveguide signal, a bandpass filter can be selected; if it is necessary to remove the noise within a specific frequency range in the return waveguide signal, a band-stop filter can be selected. If the filtering requirement information of the embodiment of the present invention includes filtering out the DC component in the signal, a high-pass filter can be selected according to the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information. Since the high-pass filter allows signals above a certain cutoff frequency to pass, while signals below the frequency (including the DC component) are attenuated, the cutoff frequency (Cutoff Frequency) of the high-pass filter is the frequency point at which the filter begins to significantly attenuate the low-frequency signal (including the DC component). For applications that remove DC components, the cutoff frequency should be set as low as possible, but the low-frequency useful components in the signal must also be taken into account to avoid unnecessary signal loss. Finally, based on the cutoff frequency, a high-pass filter is used to isolate and filter the return waveguide signal to obtain a filtered return waveguide signal. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention selects a suitable filter to filter the signal according to the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal, which can improve the filtering effect of the signal. At the same time, the embodiment of the present invention can remove the interference components in the signal by isolating and filtering the return waveguide signal, so that the processed signal is purer, which helps to reduce noise, stray signals and other unnecessary frequency components in the signal, thereby improving the clarity and accuracy of the signal, and then can improve the detection accuracy and efficiency of bolt loosening.

[0080] Further, first, use a suitable measuring device (such as an oscilloscope or a voltmeter) to measure the amplitude of the returned waveguide signal after filtering. The amplitude value will be used as a reference for determining the amplification factor, and the required signal amplitude range is determined. According to the amplitude of the filtered signal and the required signal amplitude in the output signal requirement, the signal amplification factor is calculated. Specifically, the ratio of the required signal amplitude to the amplitude of the filtered signal can be determined as the signal amplification factor. After that, the returned waveguide signal is amplified using a low-noise amplifier. In another embodiment of the present invention, the signal can also be directly amplified by a low-noise amplifier. The embodiment of the present invention can ensure that the signal is not attenuated or lost during the transmission process by amplifying the returned waveguide signal, so that the signal maintains sufficient strength during the transmission process to be correctly received by the receiving end.

[0081] Furthermore, since the return waveguide signal will have phase distortion during the isolation filtering and amplification process, it is necessary to use a phase compensator to compensate the phase of the return waveguide signal, and then use a programmable amplifier to amplify the return waveguide signal to an appropriate amplitude and convert it into a differential signal to reduce high-frequency signal crosstalk and improve the common mode rejection ratio. Finally, a multi-stage filter is used to retain the signal in a specific frequency band to obtain the preprocessed return waveguide signal. Finally, based on the preprocessed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose. For the embodiments of the present invention, during the transmission of the return waveguide signal, the phase of the signal may change or shift due to the influence of various factors (such as transmission medium, transmission distance, equipment characteristics, etc.). Phase compensation can correct this phase shift to ensure accurate transmission of the signal. At the same time, since the programmable amplifier adopts digital control technology, high-precision control of the amplification factor and output power can be achieved. Therefore, the signal can be program-controlledly amplified by the programmable amplifier, and the amplification of the waveguide signal can be very precise, avoiding the gain drift and error that may exist in the traditional amplifier, thereby improving the accuracy of signal processing. At the same time, the embodiments of the present invention can improve the signal's anti-interference ability and enhance the signal transmission quality by performing differential conversion on the signal. The differential signal can achieve a higher data transmission rate, thereby improving the detection efficiency of bolt loosening.

[0082] 203. Based on the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal, determine the reference loosening characteristic value of the reference bolt under different loosening states.

[0083] Among them, different loosening states include: different loosening positions and different loosening degrees.

[0084] Specifically, the reference looseness characteristic value ΔE under different looseness states i is calculated according to the following formula: ci :

[0085] ΔE ci =A j (F)-A c (F i )A j (F)

[0086] Among them, A j (F) is the reference waveguide signal, A c (F i ) is the loose waveguide signal corresponding to the i-th loose state. Thus, the reference loose characteristic values ​​under different loose states can be calculated according to the above method.

[0087] 204. Determine a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the returned waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal.

[0088] Specifically, the looseness characteristic value ΔE of the bolt to be detected is calculated according to the following formula: Di :

[0089] ΔE Di =A j (F)-A D (F)A j (F)

[0090] Among them, A D (F) is the return waveguide signal, A j (F) is the reference waveguide signal.

[0091] 205. Match the loose characteristic value to be detected with each reference loose characteristic value, and based on the matching result, determine whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0092] Specifically, the loose characteristic value to be detected is matched with each reference loose characteristic value. If a target reference loose characteristic value similar to the loose characteristic value to be detected is matched in each reference loose characteristic value, it can be determined that the bolt to be detected on the target flange is loose. If a target reference loose characteristic value similar to the loose characteristic value to be detected is not matched in each reference loose characteristic value, it is determined whether the signal energy difference between the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal is less than a preset threshold (a value set according to data requirements). If it is less than the preset threshold, it is determined that the bolt to be detected on the target flange is not loose. The embodiment of the present invention extracts features from the measured return waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal, and analyzes the feature extraction results of the two waveguide signals to determine the bolt loosening information, which can avoid the time wasted by manual periodic detection and the detection errors, so that the embodiment of the present invention can improve the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the bolt loosening situation.

[0093] Furthermore, when the waveguide signal is excited for the first time to determine whether the bolt to be detected is loose, in order to enhance the accuracy of judging whether the bolt is loose, it is also necessary to excite the waveguide signal multiple times in a short period of time, and finally judge whether the bolt to be detected is loose based on the results of multiple signal excitations. Based on this, the method includes: if the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, the detection waveguide signal is emitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and the return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal is received; based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, the loosening detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals is determined; based on each of the loosening detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is determined, and if the number of loosening is greater than a preset threshold, the loosening bolt to be detected is located, otherwise the positioning of the bolt to be detected is prohibited.

[0094] Among them, the preset threshold is a value set according to actual needs. Specifically, after the first excitation of the guided wave signal to determine that the bolt to be detected is loose, within a preset time (a time range set according to actual needs), the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is controlled to transmit an electrical signal to the first piezoelectric sensor multiple times. The first piezoelectric sensor converts each transmitted electrical signal into a guided wave signal, and excites the guided wave signal obtained by each conversion to the target flange, and uses the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange each time, and transmits the return guided wave signal reflected each time to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. For each return guided wave signal received, the number of times the bolt to be detected is calculated. Whether the bolt is loose, if the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is greater than the preset threshold, it is finally determined that the bolt to be detected is loose. For example, if 10 waveguide signals are excited within the preset time, and 9 of them determine that the bolt to be detected is loose, when the preset threshold is 8, it can be determined that the bolt to be detected is loose. If 5 of them determine that the bolt to be detected is loose, then it cannot be determined that the bolt to be detected is loose. At this time, it is necessary to continue to excite the waveguide signal on the target flange, and judge whether the bolt to be detected is loose based on the subsequent excited waveguide signal. Furthermore, in the case that the bolt to be detected is loose, in order to repair the loose bolt, it is also necessary to locate the loose bolt, so as to achieve fast and accurate bolt pre-tightening and ensure the stable operation of the nuclear reactor equipment.

[0095] 206. If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0096] For the embodiment of the present invention, in order to determine the loose position of the bolt to be detected, it is necessary to pre-construct a preset bolt loose position information reference function, based on which, the method includes: obtaining a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes multiple sample loosening waveguide signals, each of the sample loosening waveguide signals includes a sample loosening waveguide signal reflected by the sample flange at different loose positions and different loose degrees of the sample bolt on the sample flange, and a sample reference waveguide signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolt is not loose; based on each of the sample loosening waveguide signals and the sample reference waveguide signal, determining the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy of the sample bolt at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees; based on each of the loose positions, each of the loose degrees, and the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees, constructing the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0097] Among them, different degrees of looseness are achieved through pre-tightening force; the sample loosening waveguide signal covers the loosening waveguide signals under various numbers of loose bolts, various loose positions, and various degrees of looseness.

[0098] Specifically, first, under the same looseness degree, the sample bolts at different positions are loosened respectively, and the energy of the reference waveguide signal reflected by the sample flange at each position without looseness is subtracted from the energy of the return waveguide signal of the loose sample bolts at different positions and the absolute value is taken, and the absolute value is divided by the energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy of the loose sample bolts at different positions. After that, different pre-tightening forces are applied to the loose sample bolts as different looseness degrees. At this time, the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy at different looseness degrees is calculated in the above manner, and the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy of the loose sample bolts at different positions and the relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy at different looseness degrees are combined into a reference matrix, and according to the reference matrix, the functional relationship between the looseness degree, the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy, and the loose position is determined, that is, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is determined as follows:

[0099] ΔE=f t (F,T r )

[0100] Among them, ΔE is the relative amplitude change of waveguide energy, F is the degree of looseness, T r is the loose position, f t It is a preset reference function for bolt loosening position information.

[0101] Furthermore, after constructing the preset bolt loosening position information reference function, it is necessary to determine the loose position of the loose bolt to be detected according to the preset bolt loosening position information reference function. Based on this, step 206 specifically includes: subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected; respectively dividing the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal with the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each of the looseness degrees The energies are subtracted and the absolute values ​​are taken to obtain the energy difference of the loose waveguide signal, and each of the loose waveguide signal energy differences is divided by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy; the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected is matched with each of the relative amplitude changes of the loose waveguide energy, and based on the matching result, the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected is determined; based on the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0102] Specifically, in order to determine the loose position of the loose bolt to be detected, it is first necessary to determine the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected. Based on this, the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected of the bolt to be detected is first determined. At the same time, different looseness degrees are set for the reference bolt on the reference flange through preload, and the waveguide signal is excited to the reference flange and the reference return waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange is received. According to the reference return waveguide signal under different looseness degrees and the reference waveguide signal reflected by the flange when the bolt is loose, the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy under different looseness degrees is determined. Then, in each relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy, a target loose waveguide energy relative amplitude change similar to the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected is matched, and the bolt looseness degree corresponding to the target loose waveguide energy relative amplitude change is determined as the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected. Then, the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected and the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected are input into the above-mentioned preset bolt loosening position information reference function for solution, so as to obtain the loose position of the bolt to be detected in the target flange. Then, based on the loose position, an early warning notification is generated and sent to the maintenance terminal through a preset communication tool interface, so that the operation and maintenance personnel of the maintenance terminal can pre-tighten the loose bolts according to the loose position in the early warning notification, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the nuclear reaction equipment.

[0103] According to another method for detecting loose bolts of reactor equipment flange provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of checking bolt looseness by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be detected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange is received, and at the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in a tightened state by a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in different loose states by the reference bolt are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, a reference waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in a tightened state by a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected from the reference flange in different loose states are obtained. The waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal are used to determine whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose. If loose, the loose position information of the bolts to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of loose bolts of key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0104] Further, as Figure 1 In a specific implementation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a detection device for loosening flange bolts of a reactor device, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: an acquisition unit 31, a receiving unit 32, a judgment unit 33, and a determination unit 34.

[0105] The acquisition unit 31 can be used to respond to the loosening detection signal of the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange in the reactor equipment, use the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device to send the detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time, and obtain the reference guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and the loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loose states include different loose positions and different loose degrees.

[0106] The receiving unit 32 can be used to receive the detection electrical signal using the signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange.

[0107] The judgment unit 33 may be configured to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal.

[0108] The determination unit 34 can be used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

[0109] In a specific application scenario, the signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, and the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt. In order to receive the return waveguide signal, the receiving unit 32 includes a conversion module 321 and a receiving module 322.

[0110] The conversion module 321 may be configured to receive the detection electrical signal using the first piezoelectric sensor, and convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal using the first piezoelectric sensor.

[0111] The receiving module 322 may be configured to use the first piezoelectric sensor to excite the detection waveguide signal to the target flange, and use the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the target flange.

[0112] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose, the determination unit 33 includes a determination module 331 and a first matching module 332 .

[0113] The determination module 331 may be configured to determine a reference loosening characteristic value of the reference bolt under different loosening states based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal.

[0114] The determination module 331 may also be used to determine the looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal.

[0115] The first matching module 332 may be used to match the looseness characteristic value to be detected with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, determine whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0116] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange, the determination unit 34 includes a subtraction module 341 , a second matching module 342 , and a solution module 343 .

[0117] The subtraction module 341 can be used to subtract the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and take the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and divide the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected.

[0118] The subtraction module 341 can also be used to subtract the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal at each looseness degree and take the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the loose waveguide signal, and divide the energy difference of each loose waveguide signal by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy.

[0119] The second matching module 342 can be used to match the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determine the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result.

[0120] The solution module 343 can be used to solve the preset bolt loosening position information reference function based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, so as to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0121] In a specific application scenario, in order to construct a preset bolt loosening position information reference function, the device further includes a construction unit 35 .

[0122] The acquisition unit 31 can also be used to acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes multiple sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals includes a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loose positions and different loose degrees of sample bolts on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolts are not loose.

[0123] The determination unit 34 may also be configured to determine a relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy of the sample bolt at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees based on each of the sample loosening guided wave signals and the sample reference guided wave signal.

[0124] The construction unit 35 can be used to construct the preset bolt loose position information reference function based on the loose positions, the loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the loose positions and the loose degrees.

[0125] In a specific application scenario, in order to preprocess the return waveguide signal, the device also includes a preprocessing unit 36, which can be specifically used to determine the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; determine a filter based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; determine the signal amplification factor of the return waveguide signal after filtering based on the signal amplitude of the return waveguide signal after filtering and the output signal requirement information, and Based on the signal amplification coefficient, the filtered return waveguide signal is amplified by the low-noise amplifier to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal; the phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation filtering and amplification processing is determined, and based on the phase change information, the amplified return waveguide signal is phase compensated to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; the compensated return waveguide signal is amplified by the programmable amplifier, and the return waveguide signal with the amplified amplitude is differentially converted to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal.

[0126] The judgment unit 33 may also be used to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal.

[0127] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine whether the bolt to be detected needs to be loosened and positioned, the receiving unit 32 can also be used to transmit a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange multiple times if the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal.

[0128] The determination unit 34 may also be configured to determine a looseness detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals based on the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal.

[0129] The determination unit 34 may also be used to determine the number of times the bolt to be detected is loosened based on each of the looseness detection results. If the number of loosening is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is located; otherwise, the bolt to be detected is prohibited from being located.

[0130] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional modules involved in the detection device for loosening flange bolts of reactor equipment provided in the embodiment of the present invention, reference can be made to Figure 1 The corresponding description of the method shown will not be repeated here.

[0131] Based on the above Figure 1 The method shown, accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented: in response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states are obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, and the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange. The distribution information of the detected bolts on the target flange is the same, and the different loose states include different loose positions and different loose degrees; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose; if the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0132] Based on the above Figure 1 The method shown and Figure 6 The embodiment of the device shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a physical structure diagram of a computer device, such as Figure 7As shown, the computer device includes: a processor 41, a memory 42, and a computer program stored in the memory 42 and executable on the processor, wherein the memory 42 and the processor 41 are both arranged on a bus 43, and the processor 41 implements the following steps when executing the program: in response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is tightened and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states is obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, and the reference bolt is in a state of being tightened. The distribution information on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolts to be detected on the target flange, and the different loose states include different loose positions and different loose degrees; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose; if the bolts to be detected are loose, the loose position information of the bolts to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0133] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be detected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange is received, and at the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier, performs corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, realizes real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improves the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and provides a guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0134] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0135] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, characterized in that: include: In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states are obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees; Using the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and using the signal conversion device to receive a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange; Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose; If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, wherein the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt; The method of using the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and using the signal conversion device to receive a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange includes: Using the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and using the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal; The first piezoelectric sensor is used to excite the detection waveguide signal to the target flange, and the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the target flange.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes: Determining reference loosening characteristic values ​​of the reference bolt in different loosening states based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal; Determining a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal; The looseness characteristic value to be detected is matched with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function includes: Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected; The signal energy of the reference waveguide signal is respectively subtracted from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each looseness degree and the absolute value is taken to obtain the loose waveguide signal energy difference, and the energy difference of each loose waveguide signal is divided by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy; Matching the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determining the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result; Based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function, the method further includes: Acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes a plurality of sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals includes a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loose positions and different loose degrees of sample bolts on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolts are not loosened; Based on each of the sample loosening waveguide signals and the sample reference waveguide signal, determining a relative amplitude change of the sample waveguide energy of the sample bolt at each of the loosening positions and each of the loosening degrees; Based on the respective loose positions, the respective loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the respective loose positions and the respective loose degrees, the preset bolt loose position information reference function is constructed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, the method further includes: Determining signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; Based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, determine a filter, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; Determine the signal amplification factor of the filtered return waveguide signal based on the signal amplitude of the filtered return waveguide signal and the output signal requirement information, and amplify the filtered return waveguide signal by using the low-noise amplification device based on the signal amplification factor to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal; Determine phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during isolation filtering and amplification processing, and perform phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal based on the phase change information to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; Amplifying the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal by using a program-controlled amplifier, and performing differential conversion on the return waveguide signal after the amplitude amplification to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal; The step of judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes: Based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, a detection waveguide signal is transmitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and a return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal is received; Based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, determining a loosening detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals; Based on each of the looseness detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loosened is determined. If the number of looseness is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is located, otherwise the bolt to be detected is prohibited from being located.

8. A detection device for loosening flange bolts of reactor equipment, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit is used to respond to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time using an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, and acquire a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees; a receiving unit, configured to receive the detection electrical signal by using the signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange by using the signal conversion device; A judging unit, configured to judge whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal; A determination unit is used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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