Impact cutting coupling rock breaking experiment device

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact cutting coupling rock breaking experiment device which comprises a fixedly-arranged pedestal and a supporting platen located above the pedestal, and a clamping mechanism used for clamping a rock sample is arranged above the pedestal. A tangential displacement mechanism used for driving the clamping mechanism to move horizontally and a bit pressure mechanism used for providing vertical bit pressure simulation are arranged between the pedestal and the clamping mechanism, and an ultrahigh frequency vibration exciter, a transmission mechanism and a rotating mechanism are sequentially connected to the upper portion of the supporting platen from top to bottom. A transmission rod, a measuring module and a drill bit are sequentially connected to the lower portion of the supporting platen from top to bottom, the upper end of the vertical transmission rod is connected with a rotating mechanism, and the drilling machine further comprises a data collecting system, a bit pressure supply module and a whole machine power control system. Meanwhile, impact motion, circumferential rotation and axial and tangential reciprocating motion are provided, the requirement of an ultrahigh-frequency impact drilling indoor experiment can be well met, the stress of the cutting teeth and the rock damage condition are quantitatively measured, and the experiment accuracy and applicability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration, in particular to an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Under the premise that oil exploration and development gradually shift to deep and ultra-deep layers, the drilling speed-up process using ultra-high frequency impact technology can significantly increase the formation drilling speed and reduce drill wear, which is the key to achieving the efficient development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources. However, this technology is still in the stage of theoretical research and pilot tests worldwide. Therefore, indoor experimental research on ultra-high frequency impact drilling technology is carried out to analyze the rock crushing characteristics and cutting tooth stress under ultra-high frequency impact conditions, which is of key significance to the development and application of this technology.

[0003] In the prior art, the rock is driven by the base to rotate and reciprocate up and down to simulate the rock breaking process of the drill bit, and its vibration impact exciter can achieve high-frequency vibration frequency output below 2000Hz. However, in the indoor experiment of ultra-high frequency impact drilling technology, in addition to the need for the experimental equipment to output stable high-frequency shock waves, the experimental equipment's motion system is also required to achieve axial and tangential reciprocating motion, and have various measurement sensors to quantitatively measure the force on the cutting teeth and the rock damage. Currently, there is no experimental equipment that can have the above functions.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device with multiple types of motion functions is a technical problem that technicians in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, which simultaneously provides impact motion, circumferential rotation, axial and tangential reciprocating motion, so as to better meet the needs of ultra-high frequency impact drilling indoor experiments and quantitatively measure the cutting tooth force and rock damage.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, comprising a fixed pedestal and a supporting table located above the pedestal, a clamping mechanism for clamping rock samples is arranged above the pedestal, a tangential displacement mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move horizontally and a drilling pressure mechanism for providing vertical drilling pressure simulation are arranged between the pedestal and the clamping mechanism, an ultra-high frequency exciter, a transmission mechanism and a rotating mechanism are connected in sequence from top to bottom above the supporting table, a transmission rod, a measuring module and a drill bit are connected in sequence from top to bottom below the supporting table, the upper end of the vertical transmission rod is connected to the rotating mechanism, and also includes a data acquisition system, a drilling pressure supply module and a whole machine power control system.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a servo motor and a reduction mechanism, the servo motor is connected to the transmission mechanism, and an impact gap is provided between the servo motor and the transmission mechanism, and the reduction mechanism is connected to the transmission to the upper end.

[0008] Preferably, the measurement module includes a torque sensor, an accelerometer and a rotation speed sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the drill bit is a micro roller test drill bit or a micro PDC test drill bit.

[0010] Preferably, the tangential displacement mechanism comprises a cross slide and a transverse lead screw and a longitudinal lead screw driving the cross slide.

[0011] Preferably, the drilling pressure mechanism comprises a vertically arranged cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism is specifically a four-jaw chuck, the cylinder is installed above the base, the cross slide is installed on the upper end of the cylinder, and the four-jaw chuck is installed above the cross slide.

[0013] Preferably, the drilling pressure mechanism further includes a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor is arranged in the cross slide, and the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor, the measurement module and the ultra-high frequency exciter are connected to the data acquisition system via an optical fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the drilling pressure supply module includes a nitrogen source and a pressure reducing valve group, which are connected to the cylinder, and the whole machine power control system is connected to the ultra-high frequency exciter, the rotating mechanism, the cross slide and the drilling pressure supply module.

[0015] Preferably, a sunken base is fixed under the pedestal, and supporting legs are fixed under the supporting platform.

[0016] The present invention provides an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, comprising a fixed pedestal and a supporting table plate located above the pedestal, a clamping mechanism for clamping a rock sample is arranged above the pedestal, a tangential displacement mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move horizontally and a drilling pressure mechanism for providing vertical drilling pressure simulation are arranged between the pedestal and the clamping mechanism, an ultra-high frequency exciter, a transmission mechanism and a rotating mechanism are connected in sequence from top to bottom above the supporting table plate, a transmission rod, a measuring module and a drill bit are connected in sequence from top to bottom below the supporting table plate, the upper end of the vertical transmission rod is connected to the rotating mechanism, and the device also comprises a data acquisition system, a drilling pressure supply module and a whole machine power control system.

[0017] During the working process, the ultra-high frequency exciter provides impact motion, the rotating mechanism provides circumferential rotation, which is transmitted to the drill bit through the transmission shaft, the tangential displacement mechanism provides tangential horizontal motion, and the drilling pressure mechanism provides vertical motion to simulate drilling pressure. The components installed on the pedestal and the components supporting the table plate work together to provide impact motion, circumferential rotation, axial and tangential reciprocating motion, which can better meet the needs of indoor experiments in ultra-high frequency impact drilling, quantitatively measure the stress on the cutting teeth and rock damage, and improve the accuracy and applicability of the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Support table; 2. Data acquisition system; 3. Drilling pressure supply module; 4. Power control system of the whole machine; 5. Ultra-high frequency exciter; 6. Transmission mechanism; 7. Rotation mechanism; 8. Support leg; 9. Transmission rod; 10. Measurement module; 11. Drill bit; 12. Four-jaw chuck; 13. Cross slide; 14. Horizontal screw; 15. Rock sample; 16. Cylinder; 17. Longitudinal screw; 18. Platform; 19. Sunken base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The core of the present invention is to provide an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, which simultaneously provides impact motion, circumferential rotation, axial and tangential reciprocating motion, so as to better meet the needs of indoor experiments in ultra-high frequency impact drilling and quantitatively measure the stress of the cutting teeth and the rock damage.

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device provided by the present invention.

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention provides an impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, including a fixed pedestal 18 and a support plate 1, the support plate 1 is located above the pedestal 18, and there is a gap between the two. Further, a clamping mechanism is arranged above the pedestal 18, the clamping mechanism clamps the rock sample 15, and a tangential displacement mechanism and a drilling pressure mechanism are arranged between the pedestal 18 and the clamping mechanism, the tangential displacement mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to move horizontally, and the drilling pressure mechanism is used to provide vertical drilling pressure simulation. An ultra-high frequency exciter 5, a transmission mechanism 6 and a rotating mechanism 7 are sequentially connected from top to bottom above the support plate 1, and a transmission rod 9, a measuring module 10 and a drill bit 11 are sequentially connected from top to bottom below the support plate 1, and the upper end of the vertical transmission rod 9 is connected to the rotating mechanism 7. It also includes a data acquisition system 2, a drilling pressure supply module 3 and a whole machine power control system 4. The measuring module 10 is connected to the data acquisition system 2 and sends the detection data to the data acquisition system 2. The drilling pressure supply module 3 is connected to the drilling pressure mechanism and provides power for the drilling pressure mechanism. The whole machine power control system 4 is connected to the ultra-high frequency exciter 5, the rotating mechanism 7, the tangential displacement mechanism and the drilling pressure supply module 3, and provides energy and control to each component.

[0024] During operation, the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 provides impact motion, the rotating mechanism 7 provides circumferential rotation, which are all transmitted to the drill bit through the transmission shaft 9, the tangential displacement mechanism provides tangential horizontal motion, the drilling pressure mechanism provides vertical motion to simulate drilling pressure, and the measurement module 10 transmits the detection data to the data acquisition system 2 for data acquisition. The components installed on the pedestal 18 and the components supporting the table 1 work together to provide impact motion, circumferential rotation, axial and tangential reciprocating motion, which can better meet the needs of indoor ultra-high frequency impact drilling experiments, quantitatively measure the force on the cutting teeth and the rock damage, and improve the accuracy and applicability of the experiment.

[0025] Specifically, the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 is powered and controlled by the whole machine power control system 4, and the voltage of the internal electromagnetic device is changed to adjust the output of different vibration frequencies, and the ultra-high frequency output of 0-6000Hz is achieved through the electromagnetic device. The internal electromagnetic device of the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 will generate a lot of heat energy during operation. The temperature control element and air cooling device are integrated inside the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 to alleviate the problem of equipment overheating during the ultra-high frequency output process. During the experiment, after the temperature control element detects that the temperature of the equipment is greater than 70°C, the data signal is transmitted to the data acquisition system 2. After receiving the high temperature instruction, the data acquisition system 2 will start the air cooling device to dissipate the heat of the equipment. The rotating mechanism 7 includes a servo motor and a reduction mechanism. The servo motor is connected to the transmission mechanism 6, and an impact gap is set between the servo motor and the transmission mechanism 6. The reduction mechanism is connected and transmitted to the upper end. The generation of ultra-high frequency impact force is achieved by the bottom vibrator of the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 hitting the transmission rod 9. The impact force range depends on the gap between the high frequency exciter 5 and the rotating mechanism. The larger the gap, the higher the achievable impact force. The size of the impact gap between the two can be adjusted by adjusting the connecting mechanism 6, and the maximum impact force output of 1000N can be achieved.

[0026] Furthermore, the measuring module 10 includes a torque sensor, an accelerometer and a rotation speed sensor, which can measure the torque, ultra-high frequency vibration and rotation speed at the drill bit 11, and transmit them to the data acquisition system 2. The drill bit 11 is specifically a micro-roller test drill bit or a micro PDC test drill bit, and other types of drill bits can also be used, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the tangential displacement mechanism includes a cross slide 13 and a transverse screw 14 and a longitudinal screw 17 driving the cross slide 13. The cross slide 13 is placed above the pedestal 18, and a guide rail is embedded at the bottom. The transverse and longitudinal horizontal movements can be achieved through the transverse screw 14 and the longitudinal screw 17. Other tangential displacement mechanisms may also be used, such as two electric cylinders arranged perpendicularly to each other, or two hydraulic cylinders arranged perpendicularly to each other.

[0028] Furthermore, the drilling pressure mechanism includes a vertically arranged cylinder 16. Specifically, a plurality of evenly arranged cylinders 16 can be provided. The cylinder 16 is placed between the cross slide 13 and the pedestal 18. The pressure in the cylinder 16 is controlled by a pressure reducing valve and a pressure sensor to drive the cross slide 13 to move up and down, thereby realizing drilling pressure simulation. Of course, other driving components such as vertically arranged electric cylinders can also be used.

[0029] The clamping mechanism is specifically a four-jaw chuck 12, which is used to clamp the rock sample 15. To ensure the stability of the rock sample, the four-jaw chuck 12 fixes the rock sample 15 and keeps it stationary relative to the cross slide 13 during the entire experiment. The cylinder 16 is installed above the base 18, the cross slide 13 is installed on the upper end of the cylinder 16, and the four-jaw chuck 12 is installed above the cross slide 13.

[0030] In order to improve the detection accuracy, the drilling pressure mechanism also includes a pressure sensor, which works with the pressure reducing valve to control the pressure in the cylinder 16. A displacement sensor is provided in the cross slide 13 to measure the movement of the rock sample 15 during the experiment. The pressure sensor, displacement sensor, measurement module 10 and ultra-high frequency exciter 5 are connected to the data acquisition system 2 via optical fiber.

[0031] Furthermore, the drilling pressure supply module 3 includes a nitrogen source and a pressure reducing valve group, which provides a stable pressure output for the cylinder 16 and measures the pressure value at the cylinder 16. The cylinder 16 is connected to the drilling pressure supply module 3 through the internal high-pressure pipeline of the pedestal 18, and the drilling pressure supply module 3 provides it with a stable nitrogen output. After the cylinder 16 is inflated, the cross slide 13 can be pushed to the position of the drill bit 11. After the drill bit 11 contacts the rock sample 15, as the cylinder 16 is continuously inflated, the internal pressure gradually increases. In this way, the drilling pressure loading is simulated. At the same time, after the drilling pressure is fed back to the pressure sensor in the pedestal 18, the real-time pressure data is transmitted to the data acquisition system 2 through the high-speed optical fiber. The whole machine power control system 4 can control the drilling pressure at the cylinder 16 by controlling the output pressure of the drilling pressure supply module 3.

[0032] The whole machine power control system 4 integrates power supply and control module, supplies power to each module, and controls the movement of each module. It connects the ultra-high frequency exciter 5, the rotating mechanism 7, the cross slide 13 and the drilling pressure supply module 3 through cables to achieve the regulation of ultra-high frequency vibration, ultra-high frequency impact force, rotation speed and drilling pressure. At the same time, the data acquisition system 2 is a computer and a signal amplifier, which is used to display and record the data of each sensor during the experiment. It is connected to the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 through high-speed optical fiber to display and record the temperature of the jar during the experiment; it is connected to the measurement module 10 through high-speed optical fiber to display and record the torque, rotation speed and ultra-high frequency vibration of the drill bit 11 during the experiment. It is connected to the cross slide 13 through high-speed optical fiber to display and record the displacement of the rock sample 15 during the experiment; it is connected to the pedestal 18 through high-speed optical fiber to display and record the drilling pressure at the rock sample 15 during the experiment.

[0033] On the basis of the impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device provided in the above specific embodiments, a sunken base 19 is fixed under the pedestal 18. The sunken base 19 and the pedestal 18 are processed into a whole through an integrated forging process and pre-buried underground to ensure the stability of the device as a whole, so that the overall equipment can withstand the impact of the extreme drilling pressure and the extreme torque without shaking during the experiment. Support legs 8 are fixed under the support plate 1. Specifically, four steel support legs 8 are set at the four corners of the support plate 1, and the pedestal 18 is located in the middle of the four support legs 8.

[0034] The specific experimental method is:

[0035] The target stratum is cored to produce a rock sample 15 used in the experiment, and the parallelism tolerance of the two end surfaces of the rock sample is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

[0036] The rock sample 15 is placed on the cross slide 13 and fixed firmly by the four-jaw chuck 12 .

[0037] The drill bit 11 is installed below the transmission rod 9.

[0038] Turn on the data acquisition system 2, the drilling pressure supply module 3 and the whole machine power control system 4, and check whether each sensor is working normally.

[0039] The connecting mechanism 6 is adjusted to ensure that the gap between the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 and the rotating mechanism is large enough to ensure that the impact force required for the experiment can be stimulated.

[0040] The preload frequency and impact force of the ultra-high frequency exciter 5 are controlled by the whole machine power control system 4, and monitored at the data acquisition system 2 to check whether the output frequency and impact force reach the experimental set value.

[0041] The output pressure of the drilling pressure supply module 3 is adjusted, and the pressure at the cylinder 16 is calibrated using a dynamometer.

[0042] Open the data acquisition system 2, enter the parameter acquisition interface, and collect the experimental data.

[0043] After setting the drilling pressure, frequency, impact force, drill bit speed, rock sample moving direction and speed required for the experiment through the whole machine power control system 4, the experiment started.

[0044] During the experiment, the data acquisition system 2 automatically records and saves all experimental data.

[0045] After the experiment is completed, the power supply is turned off, the pressure at the cylinder 16 is unloaded, the drill bit 11 and the rock sample 15 are taken out, and the wear of the drill bit and the rock breakage are recorded and stored.

[0046] The drilling pressure, torque, frequency, impact force, rotation speed, drilling depth and drilling time measured in the experiment are processed.

[0047] The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed pedestal (18) and a support plate (1) located above the pedestal (18); a clamping mechanism for clamping a rock sample (15) is arranged above the pedestal (18); a tangential displacement mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move horizontally and a drilling pressure mechanism for providing vertical drilling pressure simulation are arranged between the pedestal (18) and the clamping mechanism; an ultra-high frequency exciter (5), a transmission mechanism (6) and a rotating mechanism (7) are sequentially connected above the support plate (1) from top to bottom; a transmission rod (9), a measuring module (10) and a drill bit (11) are sequentially connected below the support plate (1) from top to bottom; the upper end of the vertical transmission rod (9) is connected to the rotating mechanism (7); the invention also comprises a data acquisition system (2), a drilling pressure supply module (3) and a whole machine power control system (4).

2. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (7) comprises a servo motor and a reduction mechanism, the servo motor is connected to the transmission mechanism (6), an impact gap is provided between the servo motor and the transmission mechanism (6), and the reduction mechanism is connected to the transmission to the upper end.

3. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The measuring module (10) comprises a torque sensor, an accelerometer and a rotation speed sensor.

4. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The drill bit (11) is specifically a micro-roll test drill bit or a micro-PDC test drill bit.

5. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tangential displacement mechanism comprises a cross slide (13) and a transverse lead screw (14) and a longitudinal lead screw (17) for driving the cross slide (13).

6. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The drilling pressure mechanism comprises a vertically arranged cylinder (16).

7. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism is specifically a four-jaw chuck (12), the cylinder (16) is installed above the base (18), the cross slide (13) is installed on the upper end of the cylinder (16), and the four-jaw chuck (12) is installed above the cross slide (13).

8. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The drilling pressure mechanism also includes a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor is arranged in the cross slide (13), and the pressure sensor, the displacement sensor, the measurement module (10) and the ultra-high frequency exciter (5) are connected to the data acquisition system (2) via optical fibers.

9. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drilling pressure supply module (3) comprises a nitrogen source and a pressure reducing valve group, which are connected to the cylinder (16); the whole machine power control system (4) is connected to the ultra-high frequency exciter (5), the rotating mechanism (7), the cross slide (13) and the drilling pressure supply module (3).

10. The impact cutting coupled rock breaking experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A sunken base (19) is fixed below the pedestal (18), and a supporting leg (8) is fixed below the supporting platform (1).

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