Vacuum circuit breaker contact abrasion real-time monitoring and early warning method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a vacuum circuit breaker contact abrasion real-time monitoring and early warning method and system, and relates to the technical field of electric power system breakers, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring a pressure change signal between vacuum contact assemblies through a pressure monitoring sensor installed in a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber of a vacuum circuit breaking device; performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; when the contact wear monitoring data meets a preset early warning trigger condition, starting a contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker; constructing a contact residual life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a contact residual life prediction value of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact residual life prediction model; and when the predicted value of the residual life of the contact meets the preset replacement triggering condition, a contact abrasion replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started, so that real-time monitoring and early warning of the contact abrasion condition can be realized, and the stability and reliability of a power system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers for power systems, and in particular to a real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker and a system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, vacuum circuit breakers are key equipment, and the stability and reliability of their performance are directly related to the safe operation of the power system. The wear degree of contacts, as the core components of vacuum circuit breakers, directly affects the overall life and performance of the circuit breaker.

[0003] Traditional contact wear monitoring methods often rely on regular manual inspections, which is not only inefficient but also difficult to detect potential wear problems in a timely manner, which may lead to equipment failure and affect the stable operation of the power system.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker and a system thereof to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a real-time monitoring and early warning method for vacuum circuit breaker contact wear and a system thereof, which is used to solve the problem that traditional contact wear monitoring methods often rely on regular manual inspections and are inefficient, making it difficult to detect potential wear problems in a timely manner, easily leading to equipment failures and affecting the stable operation of the power system.

[0006] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker, the monitoring and early warning method comprising: The pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies is monitored by a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; Performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; When the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started; Constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; When the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets a preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started.

[0007] Preferably, the signal conversion processing of the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data specifically includes: The pressure change signal is amplified by a signal amplifier to generate a corresponding pressure amplification signal. The calculation formula of the pressure amplification signal is as follows: In the formula, Indicates pressure amplification signal; Indicates the gain of the signal amplifier, that is, the signal amplification factor of the pressure amplified signal relative to the pressure change signal; Indicates pressure change signal; The pressure amplified signal is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain a corresponding pressure filtered signal. The transfer function of the low-pass filter is expressed as follows: In the formula, represents the transfer function of the low-pass filter; represents the order of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; Represents the order of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents a discrete time signal; ∑ represents a summation symbol; The pressure filter signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain the corresponding contact wear monitoring data. The calculation formula of the contact wear monitoring data is as follows: In the formula, Indicates contact wear monitoring data; represents the analog-to-digital conversion function; Indicates the pressure filter signal; Indicates the minimum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the maximum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the resolution of analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the number of bits of resolution for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0008] Preferably, when the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started, which specifically includes: Obtaining a preset contact wear threshold and a maximum wear range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the contact wear monitoring data with the preset contact wear threshold; When the contact wear monitoring data is greater than or equal to the sum of the preset contact wear threshold and the maximum wear range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning trigger condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started.

[0009] Preferably, the step of constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly and determining a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model specifically includes: The contact wear monitoring feature corresponding to the contact wear monitoring data is extracted, and the contact wear monitoring feature is input into the contact remaining life prediction model to obtain the contact remaining life prediction value. The calculation formula of the contact remaining life prediction value is as follows: In the formula, represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the weight vector; represents a mapping function, which is used to map the contact wear monitoring features from the original space to the high-dimensional feature space; represents the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; Represents the bias term.

[0010] Preferably, based on the support vector machine, the expression of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is as follows: In the formula, represents the weight vector; represents the bias term; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in Slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables below the insensitive band; Represents the weight vector of norm; represents the regularization parameter; represents the number of contact wear monitoring features; ∑ represents the summation sign.

[0011] Preferably, the constraint condition of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is expressed as follows: In the formula, represents the actual value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; express The error range corresponding to the insensitive loss function; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in Slack variables below the insensitive band.

[0012] Preferably, after obtaining the contact remaining life prediction model, based on the contact remaining life actual value and the contact remaining life prediction value, the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model is evaluated, and the contact remaining life prediction model is adjusted accordingly according to the prediction effect, specifically including: Obtaining a preset life similarity threshold, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is greater than or equal to the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a positive sample; otherwise, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is less than the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a negative sample; Determine a confusion matrix corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model, wherein the elements of the confusion matrix include true positive examples, false positive examples, true negative examples and false negative examples, wherein the true positive examples are correctly predicted as positive samples; the false positive examples are incorrectly predicted as positive samples; the true negative examples are correctly predicted as negative samples; and the false negative examples are incorrectly predicted as negative samples; Based on the confusion matrix, the prediction index corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is calculated, wherein the prediction index includes accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and false positive rate; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; The calculation formula of the recall rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the F1 score is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the F1 score corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; The calculation formula of the false positive rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the false positive rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; The prediction index is analyzed, and the precision and recall are weighed to evaluate the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model, and the contact remaining life prediction model is adjusted accordingly according to the prediction effect.

[0013] Preferably, when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets a preset replacement trigger condition, starting the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device specifically includes: Obtaining a preset contact life threshold and a maximum life range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact with the preset contact life threshold; When the predicted value of the remaining contact life is less than or equal to the difference between the preset contact life threshold and the maximum life range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started.

[0014] A real-time monitoring and early warning system for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker, the monitoring and early warning system comprising: A monitoring module, used for monitoring the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; A conversion module, used for performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; An early warning module, used to start a contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker when the contact wear monitoring data meets a preset early warning trigger condition; A prediction module, used to construct a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determine a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; The replacement module is used to start the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets the preset replacement trigger condition.

[0015] Compared with the related art, the real-time monitoring and early warning method and system for contact wear of vacuum circuit breaker provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The present invention monitors the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through the pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber of the vacuum circuit breaker; performs signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; when the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset early warning trigger condition, starts the contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker; constructs a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determines the contact remaining life prediction value of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; when the contact remaining life prediction value meets the preset replacement trigger condition, starts the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker, so that the contact wear condition can be monitored and warned in real time, wear problems can be discovered and handled in time, equipment failures can be avoided, and the stability and reliability of the power system can be improved.

[0016] The present invention can realize real-time monitoring of contact wear and improve monitoring efficiency by integrating pressure sensors and intelligent prediction algorithms; when it is monitored that the contact wear exceeds a preset threshold, the system of the present invention can timely trigger an early warning mechanism to avoid equipment failure; the present invention can establish a prediction model based on real-time monitoring data to predict the remaining life of the contact and provide decision support for operation and maintenance personnel; the present invention can timely discover and deal with contact wear problems through real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A system block diagram of a real-time monitoring and early warning system for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , is a flow chart of a real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 The execution subject of the method shown may be a software and / or hardware device. The execution subject of the present application may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: user equipment, network equipment, etc. Among them, user equipment may include but is not limited to computers, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA) and the electronic devices mentioned above. Network equipment may include but is not limited to a single network server, a server group consisting of multiple network servers, or a cloud based on cloud computing consisting of a large number of computers or network servers, wherein cloud computing is a type of distributed computing, a super virtual computer composed of a group of loosely coupled computers. This embodiment does not limit this. It includes steps S1 to S5, as follows: S1, monitors the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through the pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; It can be understood that the pressure monitoring sensor is installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker, and is used to monitor the pressure change between the vacuum contact assemblies and generate a corresponding pressure change signal.

[0020] In the power system, the vacuum interrupter inside the vacuum circuit breaker can ensure the stability and safety of the device performance. In order to accurately monitor the pressure state of the vacuum contact assembly, a high-precision pressure monitoring sensor can be installed in the vacuum interrupter to capture the pressure change signals between the vacuum contact assemblies. These signals can indirectly reflect the degree of contact wear and the change in vacuum degree.

[0021] S2, performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; Among them, contact wear monitoring data refers to the data obtained by monitoring the wear degree of vacuum contact components. In order to convert the captured pressure change signal into contact wear monitoring data with practical analysis value, signal conversion processing technology can be used, including signal amplification, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and other steps to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the extracted contact wear monitoring data. In addition, the converted data can be deeply analyzed to generate relevant quantitative indicators of contact wear.

[0022] S3, when the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, starting the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device; It should be noted that the preset warning triggering condition refers to the condition preset in advance for triggering the warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device; the contact wear warning mechanism refers to the mechanism for triggering the alarm signal when the contacts of the vacuum circuit breaker device are excessively worn.

[0023] It is understandable that when the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning trigger conditions, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker will be activated immediately. This mechanism can notify the operation and maintenance personnel to conduct inspections and maintenance in a timely manner by issuing an alarm signal, effectively preventing equipment failures caused by excessive contact wear.

[0024] S4, constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; The contact remaining life prediction model refers to a model used to predict the remaining life of the contact after contact wear; the contact remaining life prediction value refers to the remaining life of the contact predicted based on contact wear data using the contact remaining life prediction model.

[0025] In practical applications, a prediction model for the remaining life of a vacuum contact assembly can be constructed to accurately predict the remaining life of the contact assembly. The model can dynamically predict the remaining service life of the contact based on the support vector machine algorithm and the current contact wear monitoring data.

[0026] Furthermore, a personalized maintenance plan for the vacuum circuit breaker device can be formulated based on the predicted remaining life of the contacts, thereby greatly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and safety of the vacuum circuit breaker device.

[0027] S5, when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets a preset replacement trigger condition, starting a contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device.

[0028] It should be noted that the preset replacement trigger condition refers to the condition that is preset in advance to trigger the contact replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker; the contact wear replacement mechanism refers to a mechanism that reminds the operation and maintenance personnel that the vacuum contact assembly needs to be replaced.

[0029] In actual applications, when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact assembly meets the preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker will be automatically activated. This contact wear replacement mechanism can guide the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate and replace the severely worn contact assembly, thereby ensuring that the vacuum circuit breaker is always in the best working condition and ensuring the stable and safe operation of the power system.

[0030] In a specific implementation process, the signal conversion processing is performed on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data, specifically including: The pressure change signal is amplified by a signal amplifier to generate a corresponding pressure amplification signal. The calculation formula of the pressure amplification signal is as follows: In the formula, Indicates pressure amplification signal; Indicates the gain of the signal amplifier, that is, the signal amplification factor of the pressure amplified signal relative to the pressure change signal; Indicates pressure change signal; The pressure amplified signal is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain a corresponding pressure filtered signal. The transfer function of the low-pass filter is expressed as follows: In the formula, represents the transfer function of the low-pass filter; represents the order of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; Represents the order of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents a discrete time signal; ∑ represents a summation symbol; The pressure filter signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain the corresponding contact wear monitoring data. The calculation formula of the contact wear monitoring data is as follows: In the formula, Indicates contact wear monitoring data; represents the analog-to-digital conversion function; Indicates the pressure filter signal; Indicates the minimum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the maximum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the resolution of analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the number of bits of resolution for analog-to-digital conversion.

[0031] Among them, firstly, a high-performance signal amplifier can be used to amplify the original pressure change signal, thereby improving the signal strength and ensuring that the amplified signal is neither too weak nor too saturated, providing a high-quality signal source for subsequent processing.

[0032] Next, a low-pass filter may be used to filter the amplified pressure signal to remove high-frequency noise and interference in the signal and obtain a smoother pressure filter signal.

[0033] It should be noted that by adjusting the coefficient and order of the low-pass filter, different frequency components in the signal can be accurately filtered.

[0034] When the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started, specifically including: Obtaining a preset contact wear threshold and a maximum wear range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the contact wear monitoring data with the preset contact wear threshold; When the contact wear monitoring data is greater than or equal to the sum of the preset contact wear threshold and the maximum wear range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning trigger condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started.

[0035] The preset contact wear threshold refers to a contact wear degree threshold preset in advance; the maximum wear range threshold refers to a contact wear maximum tolerance range threshold preset in advance.

[0036] Specifically, the preset contact wear threshold and the maximum wear range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly can be accurately extracted from the equipment maintenance database. These two parameters are determined based on long-term operating experience and material properties, so they can provide a scientific and reasonable wear assessment benchmark.

[0037] Next, the real-time collected contact wear monitoring data can be compared and analyzed with the preset contact wear threshold. If the wear degree displayed by the contact wear monitoring data is greater than or equal to the sum of the preset contact wear threshold and the maximum wear range threshold, it means that the contact wear has reached the allowable safety limit, and at this time, it is determined that the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning trigger condition.

[0038] Once the triggering conditions are met, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker will be activated immediately. This mechanism includes sending alarm signals to the central monitoring platform, recording the contact wear status in the equipment maintenance log, and automatically adjusting or limiting the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker according to the preset strategy to prevent potential failures caused by excessive contact wear, thereby effectively ensuring the stable operation and power supply quality of the power system.

[0039] The step of constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a contact remaining life prediction value of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model, specifically includes: The contact wear monitoring feature corresponding to the contact wear monitoring data is extracted, and the contact wear monitoring feature is input into the contact remaining life prediction model to obtain the contact remaining life prediction value. The calculation formula of the contact remaining life prediction value is as follows: In the formula, represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the weight vector; represents a mapping function, which is used to map the contact wear monitoring features from the original space to the high-dimensional feature space; represents the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; Represents the bias term.

[0040] Based on the support vector machine, the expression of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is as follows: In the formula, represents the weight vector; represents the bias term; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables below the insensitive band; Represents the weight vector of norm; represents the regularization parameter; represents the number of contact wear monitoring features; ∑ represents the summation sign.

[0041] The expression of the constraint condition of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is as follows: In the formula, represents the actual value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; express The error range corresponding to the insensitive loss function; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in Slack variables below the insensitive band.

[0042] It is understandable that, firstly, the key features of the contact wear monitoring data can be extracted to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring features, which can reflect the state and trend of contact wear. Subsequently, these contact wear monitoring features can be input into the established contact remaining life prediction model. The model can output the predicted value of the contact remaining life based on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm according to the contact wear monitoring features.

[0043] The calculation formula for the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact includes multiple factors, including weight vector, mapping function, contact wear monitoring features and bias term. Specifically, the weight vector is used to measure the importance of each feature to the prediction result; the mapping function is a nonlinear transformation, which is used to map the contact wear monitoring features from the original low-dimensional space to the high-dimensional feature space, so as to better capture the complex relationship between the features; the bias term is the basis for adjusting the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact.

[0044] It should be noted that the contact remaining life prediction model can be based on the support vector machine algorithm to optimize the prediction performance of the model by minimizing the objective function. The expression of the objective function includes multiple parameters such as weight vector, bias term, slack variable and regularization parameter. Among them, the slack variable is used to process the prediction error of the contact remaining life prediction model, making the model more flexible during the training process; the regularization parameter is used to control the complexity of the contact remaining life prediction model to prevent the model from overfitting.

[0045] In addition, the objective function of the contact remaining life prediction model is subject to a series of constraints. These constraints ensure that the error between the model's predicted value and the actual value is within an acceptable range, that is, the error range corresponding to the insensitive loss function. By adjusting these constraints, the prediction performance of the model can be further optimized to more accurately reflect the remaining service life of the contact.

[0046] After obtaining the contact remaining life prediction model, based on the contact remaining life actual value and the contact remaining life prediction value, evaluating the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model, and adjusting the contact remaining life prediction model accordingly according to the prediction effect, specifically including: Obtaining a preset life similarity threshold, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is greater than or equal to the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a positive sample; otherwise, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is less than the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a negative sample; Determine a confusion matrix corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model, wherein the elements of the confusion matrix include true positive examples, false positive examples, true negative examples and false negative examples, wherein the true positive examples are correctly predicted as positive samples; the false positive examples are incorrectly predicted as positive samples; the true negative examples are correctly predicted as negative samples; and the false negative examples are incorrectly predicted as negative samples; Based on the confusion matrix, the prediction index corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is calculated, wherein the prediction index includes accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and false positive rate; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; The calculation formula of the recall rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the F1 score is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the F1 score corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; The calculation formula of the false positive rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the false positive rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; The prediction index is analyzed, and the precision and recall are weighed to evaluate the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model, and the contact remaining life prediction model is adjusted accordingly according to the prediction effect.

[0047] After obtaining the contact remaining life prediction model, the prediction effect of the model can be systematically evaluated based on the actual value of the contact remaining life and the model prediction value, and the model can be optimized and adjusted accordingly.

[0048] Specifically, a preset life similarity threshold can be set as a judgment basis. By comparing the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the model prediction value, if the similarity is not lower than the life similarity threshold, the prediction value is used as a positive sample; otherwise, if the similarity is lower than the life similarity threshold, the prediction value is used as a negative sample.

[0049] Next, the confusion matrix corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model can be determined, and the confusion matrix contains four basic elements: true positive examples, which represent the number of instances correctly predicted as positive samples; false positive examples, which represent the number of instances incorrectly predicted as positive samples; true negative examples, which represent the number of instances correctly predicted as negative samples; and false negative examples, which represent the number of instances incorrectly predicted as negative samples.

[0050] Based on the confusion matrix, several key prediction indicators of the contact remaining life prediction model can be further calculated, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and false positive rate. Finally, these prediction indicators can be comprehensively analyzed, and the best balance between precision and recall can be sought to comprehensively evaluate the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model. According to the evaluation results, the model can be adjusted and optimized accordingly to improve the prediction accuracy and reliability of the model.

[0051] When the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets the preset replacement trigger condition, starting the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device specifically includes: Obtaining a preset contact life threshold and a maximum life range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact with the preset contact life threshold; When the predicted value of the remaining contact life is less than or equal to the difference between the preset contact life threshold and the maximum life range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started.

[0052] It can be understood that the preset contact life threshold refers to a preset threshold of the remaining contact life; and the maximum life range threshold refers to a preset threshold of the remaining maximum life after contact wear.

[0053] Subsequently, the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact can be accurately compared and analyzed with the preset contact life threshold to ensure the accuracy of the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact and avoid unnecessary replacement operations or potential safety hazards.

[0054] During the comparison and analysis process, if the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is less than or equal to the difference between the preset contact life threshold and the maximum life range threshold, it means that the wear degree of the contact has reached the critical point where it needs to be replaced. At this time, it can be determined that the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset replacement trigger conditions, and the contact replacement operation needs to be performed immediately.

[0055] Based on the judgment results of the trigger conditions, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker can be started, including disconnecting the power supply, removing the old contacts, installing new contacts, performance testing and calibration, etc., to ensure that the replaced vacuum circuit breaker can be quickly restored and operate stably. At the same time, through continuous monitoring and analysis, the contact replacement mechanism can be continuously optimized to achieve accurate and efficient contact management, providing guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0056] See also Figure 2 , is a system block diagram of a real-time monitoring and early warning system for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the monitoring and early warning system comprises: A monitoring module, used for monitoring the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; A conversion module, used for performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; An early warning module, used to start a contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker when the contact wear monitoring data meets a preset early warning trigger condition; A prediction module, used to construct a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determine a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; The replacement module is used to start the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets the preset replacement trigger condition.

[0057] Figure 2 The apparatus of the embodiment shown can be used to perform Figure 1 The implementation principles and technical effects of the steps in the method embodiment shown are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0058] See also Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device 30 includes: a processor 31, a memory 32 and a computer program; wherein The memory 32 is used to store the computer program, which may also be a flash memory. The computer program is, for example, an application program, a functional module, etc. for implementing the above method.

[0059] The processor 31 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement each step performed by the device in the above method. For details, please refer to the relevant description in the above method embodiment.

[0060] Optionally, the memory 32 may be independent or integrated with the processor 31 .

[0061] When the memory 32 is a device independent of the processor 31, the device may further include: The bus 33 is used to connect the memory 32 and the processor 31 .

[0062] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement the methods provided by the various embodiments described above.

[0063] Among them, the readable storage medium can be a computer storage medium or a communication medium. The communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transmission of a computer program from one place to another. The computer storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. For example, a readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, referred to as: ASIC). In addition, the ASIC can be located in a user device. Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist in a communication device as discrete components. The readable storage medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storage device, etc.

[0064] The present invention also provides a program product, which includes an execution instruction, which is stored in a readable storage medium. At least one processor of a device can read the execution instruction from the readable storage medium, and at least one processor executes the execution instruction so that the device implements the methods provided in the above various embodiments.

[0065] In the embodiments of the above-mentioned devices, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the present invention may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0066] Through the introduction of the above embodiments, the present invention adopts a real-time monitoring and early warning method and system for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker, and monitors the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber of the vacuum circuit breaker; performs signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; when the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset early warning trigger condition, starts the contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker; constructs a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determines the predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly based on the contact remaining life prediction model according to the contact wear monitoring data; when the predicted value of the contact remaining life meets the preset replacement trigger condition, starts the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and early warning of contact wear, timely discovery and handling of wear problems, avoiding equipment failures, and improving the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0067] The present invention can realize real-time monitoring of contact wear and improve monitoring efficiency by integrating pressure sensors and intelligent prediction algorithms; when it is monitored that the contact wear exceeds a preset threshold, the system of the present invention can timely trigger an early warning mechanism to avoid equipment failure; the present invention can establish a prediction model based on real-time monitoring data to predict the remaining life of the contact and provide decision support for operation and maintenance personnel; the present invention can timely discover and deal with contact wear problems through real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: The monitoring and early warning method comprises: The pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies is monitored by a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; Performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; When the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started; Constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; When the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets a preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started.

2. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conversion processing of the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data specifically includes: The pressure change signal is amplified by a signal amplifier to generate a corresponding pressure amplification signal. The calculation formula of the pressure amplification signal is as follows: In the formula, Indicates pressure amplification signal; Indicates the gain of the signal amplifier, that is, the signal amplification factor of the pressure amplified signal relative to the pressure change signal; Indicates pressure change signal; The pressure amplified signal is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain a corresponding pressure filtered signal. The transfer function of the low-pass filter is expressed as follows: In the formula, represents the transfer function of the low-pass filter; represents the order of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the numerator polynomial of the low-pass filter; Represents the order of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents the kth coefficient of the denominator polynomial of the low-pass filter; represents a discrete time signal; ∑ represents a summation symbol; The pressure filter signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing to obtain the corresponding contact wear monitoring data. The calculation formula of the contact wear monitoring data is as follows: In the formula, Indicates contact wear monitoring data; represents the analog-to-digital conversion function; Indicates the pressure filter signal; Indicates the minimum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the maximum input voltage for analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the resolution of analog-to-digital conversion; Indicates the number of bits of resolution for analog-to-digital conversion.

3. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning triggering condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started, specifically including: Obtaining a preset contact wear threshold and a maximum wear range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the contact wear monitoring data with the preset contact wear threshold; When the contact wear monitoring data is greater than or equal to the sum of the preset contact wear threshold and the maximum wear range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset warning trigger condition, the contact wear warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker is started.

4. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determining a contact remaining life prediction value of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model, specifically includes: The contact wear monitoring features corresponding to the contact wear monitoring data are extracted, and the contact wear monitoring features are input into the contact remaining life prediction model to obtain the contact remaining life prediction value. The calculation formula of the contact remaining life prediction value is as follows: In the formula, represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the weight vector; represents a mapping function, which is used to map the contact wear monitoring features from the original space to the high-dimensional feature space; represents the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; Represents the bias term.

5. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the support vector machine, the expression of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is as follows: In the formula, represents the weight vector; represents the bias term; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables below the insensitive band; Represents the weight vector of norm; represents the regularization parameter; represents the number of contact wear monitoring features; ∑ represents the summation sign.

6. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expression of the constraint condition of the objective function corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is as follows: In the formula, represents the actual value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; represents the predicted value of the remaining contact life corresponding to the i-th contact wear monitoring feature; express The error range corresponding to the insensitive loss function; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in slack variables above the insensitive band; Indicates the i-th contact wear monitoring feature in Slack variables below the insensitive band.

7. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: After obtaining the contact remaining life prediction model, based on the contact remaining life actual value and the contact remaining life prediction value, evaluating the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model, and adjusting the contact remaining life prediction model accordingly according to the prediction effect, specifically including: Obtaining a preset life similarity threshold, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is greater than or equal to the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a positive sample; otherwise, if the similarity between the actual value of the remaining life of the contact and the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact is less than the preset life similarity threshold, taking the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact as a negative sample; Determine a confusion matrix corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model, wherein the elements of the confusion matrix include true positive examples, false positive examples, true negative examples and false negative examples, wherein the true positive examples are correctly predicted as positive samples; the false positive examples are incorrectly predicted as positive samples; the true negative examples are correctly predicted as negative samples; and the false negative examples are incorrectly predicted as negative samples; Based on the confusion matrix, the prediction index corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model is calculated, wherein the prediction index includes accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and false positive rate; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the accuracy is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; The calculation formula of the recall rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a true positive example, that is, a positive sample that is correctly predicted; Represents a false negative example, that is, a negative sample that is incorrectly predicted; The calculation formula of the F1 score is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the F1 score corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Indicates the accuracy of the contact remaining life prediction model; It represents the recall rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; The calculation formula of the false positive rate is as follows: In the formula, It represents the false positive rate corresponding to the contact remaining life prediction model; Represents a false positive example, that is, a sample that is incorrectly predicted to be positive; Represents a true negative example, that is, a negative sample that is correctly predicted; The prediction index is analyzed, and the precision and recall are weighed to evaluate the prediction effect of the contact remaining life prediction model, and the contact remaining life prediction model is adjusted accordingly according to the prediction effect.

8. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets the preset replacement trigger condition, starting the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device specifically includes: Obtaining a preset contact life threshold and a maximum life range threshold corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly; Comparing the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact with the preset contact life threshold; When the predicted value of the remaining contact life is less than or equal to the difference between the preset contact life threshold and the maximum life range threshold, that is, the contact wear monitoring data meets the preset replacement trigger condition, the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device is started.

9. A real-time monitoring and early warning system for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker, applied to a real-time monitoring and early warning method for contact wear of a vacuum circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the monitoring and early warning system comprising: A monitoring module, used for monitoring the pressure change signal between the vacuum contact assemblies through a pressure monitoring sensor installed in the vacuum interrupter of the vacuum circuit breaker; A conversion module, used for performing signal conversion processing on the pressure change signal to generate corresponding contact wear monitoring data; An early warning module, used to start a contact wear early warning mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker when the contact wear monitoring data meets a preset early warning trigger condition; A prediction module, used to construct a contact remaining life prediction model corresponding to the vacuum contact assembly, and determine a predicted value of the contact remaining life of the vacuum contact assembly according to the contact wear monitoring data based on the contact remaining life prediction model; The replacement module is used to start the contact wear replacement mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker device when the predicted value of the remaining life of the contact meets the preset replacement trigger condition.

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