Heat exchange tube excitation wear test device capable of adjusting gap in hot water environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a gap-adjustable heat exchange tube excitation wear test device in a hot water environment, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchange tube wear tests. The device comprises an experiment support and an electric vibration table. A heat exchange tube, a heatable water tank and a water tank are arranged on the experiment bracket; the water tank is located above the water tank and communicates with the water tank. The lower ends of the heat exchange pipes penetrate through the water tank and extend into the water tank. A three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly is arranged in the water tank and comprises a three-dimensional force sensor and an anti-vibration strip, wherein the three-dimensional force sensor and the anti-vibration strip correspond to the heat exchange pipes. The electric vibration table is connected with the heat exchange pipe and can transmit generated excitation vibration to the heat exchange pipe. According to the invention, the transient contact force and amplitude in the three-dimensional direction can be recorded in real time, and the influence of different gaps on the wear behavior of the heat exchange tube can be analyzed; a series of problems such as difficulty in researching the wear behavior of the heat exchange tube of the steam generator can be effectively solved, and the service time of the heat exchange tube and the safe and stable operation of the steam generator are effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange tube wear test, and in particular relates to a heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in a hot water environment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy and the significant improvement of social productivity, people's demand and consumption of energy continue to increase. Compared with traditional fossil fuels such as oil and coal, new energy sources with higher efficiency, cleaner energy and huge development potential urgently need to be developed and utilized faster. Nuclear power, as a low-carbon and stable energy option, has gradually gained attention. Nuclear power uses nuclear energy to generate electricity, and its carbon emissions are almost zero. It can significantly reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy while meeting a large amount of electricity demand. Therefore, nuclear power can not only ensure the security and stability of energy supply, but also promote the optimization and upgrading of energy structure and help the global efforts to combat climate change.

[0003] As a key equipment of the primary circuit in the nuclear power system, the heat exchange tube of the steam generator is crucial to the safe operation of the entire device. In fact, in the accidents of this equipment, more than half of the cases are attributed to the damage of the heat exchange tube, which seriously threatens the overall safety and reliability of the equipment. Especially inside the steam generator, when the flow velocity of the two-phase flow is abnormal or unstable, the heat exchange tube bundle may experience the so-called "flow elastic instability" phenomenon. At this time, the heat exchange tube bundle will violently collide and rub with the supporting structure such as the anti-vibration bar, resulting in wear and fatigue damage between the heat exchange tube and the supporting structure. This is one of the major safety hazards that cannot be ignored in the field of energy engineering. The different fluids flowing inside and outside the heat exchange tube are affected by the internal and external pressure difference, and their flow state is constantly changing, thereby generating complex exciting forces. These exciting forces trigger violent contact vibrations between the heat exchange tube and the anti-vibration bar, and after the wear threshold of the heat exchange tube is exceeded, the wear phenomenon gradually appears. Existing test devices and methods include uniaxial or multiaxial wear tests, fatigue tests, and tensile tests. These tests are difficult to obtain the three-dimensional transient contact force between the heat exchange tube and the anti-vibration strip and the actual amplitude of the heat exchange tube, and are unable to analyze which variables are most significant for wear, thereby providing a more accurate wear prediction model. In addition, the existing experimental equipment on the market is relatively cumbersome in adjusting the gap between the heat exchange tube and the anti-vibration strip, and cannot provide the actual service conditions of the heat exchange tube. Considering the actual working conditions of the steam generator heat exchange tube, it is necessary to design a wear test device that can heat the water environment and can easily adjust the gap between the heat exchange tube and the anti-vibration strip, analyze the wear behavior of the heat exchange tube under hot water environment, and increase the service life of the heat exchange tube and even the entire steam generator. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear test mechanism between a steam generator heat exchange tube and its supporting structure that can provide a hot water environment, and can record the transient contact force and amplitude in three-dimensional directions in real time, and can analyze the influence of different gaps on the wear behavior of the heat exchange tube. The present invention effectively solves a series of problems such as the difficulty in studying the wear behavior of steam generator heat exchange tubes, and effectively ensures the service life of the heat exchange tubes and the safe and stable operation of the steam generator.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a heat exchange tube excitation wear test device with adjustable gap in a hot water environment, comprising an experimental bracket and an electric vibration table; the experimental bracket is provided with a heat exchange tube, a heatable water tank and a water tank; the water tank is located above the water tank and is connected to the water tank, and the lower end of the heat exchange tube extends through the water tank into the water tank; a three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly is provided in the water tank, and the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly includes a three-dimensional force sensor and an anti-vibration strip arranged corresponding to the heat exchange tube; the electric vibration table is connected to the heat exchange tube, and the electric vibration table can transmit the generated excitation to the heat exchange tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube, the heated water tank and the water tank are all fixedly arranged on the experimental bracket in an adjustable manner.

[0007] Furthermore, a heat exchange tube support is provided on the experimental bracket, and a reserved through hole is provided on the heat exchange tube support. A through groove is opened at the reserved hole, and the heat exchange tube passes through the reserved hole and is connected to the heat exchange tube support through a fastener.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly also includes a sensor support block, the three-dimensional force sensor and the anti-vibration strip are fixedly connected to the sensor support block by fasteners, the sensor support block can be movably arranged in the water tank, and the gap between the anti-vibration strip and the heat exchange tube can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the sensor support block.

[0009] Furthermore, the electric vibration table and the heat exchange tube are connected through a connecting rod assembly, and the connecting rod assembly includes a clamp, an excitation connecting rod and a control sensor; the clamp is detachably arranged on the heat exchange tube, and the control sensor is fixedly arranged on the clamp, one end of the excitation connecting rod is connected to the control sensor, and the other end is connected to the excitation output end of the electric vibration table.

[0010] Furthermore, the electric vibration table includes a main body, on which a hydraulic device is movably arranged, the hydraulic device is arranged vertically, an impact device is arranged at an output end thereof, and the output end of the impact device is connected to the exciting connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a sensor support is provided on the experimental bracket, a baffle is provided on the sensor support, and a water tank is formed between the baffle and the sensor support.

[0012] Furthermore, a water tank support is provided on the experimental bracket, and the water tank support is located below the sensor support. A cylindrical structure is embedded between the water tank support and the sensor support. The cylindrical structure, the lower end surface of the sensor support and the upper end surface of the water tank support are combined to form a water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is provided on the heat exchange tube.

[0014] By adopting the above technology, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The present invention is based on the structural design between the intermediate parts of the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly, which can quickly adjust the distance between the anti-vibration strip and the heat exchange tube, thereby realizing the analysis of the influence of different gaps on the wear behavior of the heat exchange tube; based on the structural design of the water tank and the water tank, the anti-vibration strip and the heat exchange tube can be placed in water, and the water temperature can be controlled, thereby realizing the wear experimental analysis under water environments with different temperatures; based on the setting of the three-dimensional force sensor and the three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the transient contact force and amplitude in the three-dimensional direction can be recorded in real time, and combined with different simulation conditions, a more accurate wear prediction model can be provided, thereby effectively ensuring the service life of the heat exchange tube and the safe and stable operation of the steam generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the experimental device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly and the electric vibration table of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electric vibration table of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] On the contrary, the present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the present invention below. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details.

[0023] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the heat exchange tube excitation wear test device with adjustable gap in hot water environment includes a computer 1, a power amplifier 2, an electric vibration table 3, a connecting rod assembly 4, a heat exchange tube 5, a three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly 6, a three-axis vibration acceleration sensor 7, a signal acquisition card 8, a test bracket 9, a test base 10, a heat exchange tube support 11, a sensor support 12, a water tank support 13, a water tank 14, a water tank 15, a track slide 16 and a heating rod 17.

[0024] The electric vibration table 3 includes a lifting ring 301, a hydraulic device 302, a forward and backward moving slide 303 and an impact device 304;

[0025] The connecting rod assembly includes a clamp 401 , an exciting connecting rod 402 , and a control sensor 403 .

[0026] The three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly includes a three-dimensional force sensor 601 , a sensor support block 602 , a set screw 603 , a slider 604 , a pre-tightening bolt 605 , and an anti-vibration strip 606 .

[0027] Figure 1 The wear test flow chart of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the computer 1 is used to set the excitation related parameters, such as the magnitude of the excitation force, the excitation time and the excitation frequency, etc. The excitation force setting range is 0-1000N, the excitation time duration is generally not more than 24h, and the excitation frequency setting range is 0-500Hz; the power amplifier 2 amplifies the amplitude of the set output signal, and the amplification ratio is generally set to 30%; the electric vibration table 3 implements the excitation after receiving the relevant amplified signal, and the excitation effect is transmitted to the heat exchange tube 5 through the connecting rod assembly 4; the heat exchange tube 5 shakes under the action of the excitation push rod and generates contact force with the anti-vibration bar 606, thereby causing wear; the three-dimensional contact force sensor 601 transmits the collected real-time contact electrical signal to the signal acquisition card 8; the signal acquisition card 8 is connected to the computer 1, converts the real-time read electrical signal into a contact force signal, and records the relevant data. The three-axis vibration acceleration sensor 7 is directly connected to the computer through a data line, and the collected acceleration signal is recorded on the computer.

[0028] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the test bench of the present invention is shown. Figure 2As shown, the test bracket 9 is fixed to the shear wall, and both sides thereof are fixed with multiple bolts, and the bottom thereof is also fixed to the test base 10 with multiple bolts to ensure the safety and stability of the entire test process; two parallel track grooves 16 are provided on the surface of the test bracket 9; the heat exchange tube support 11, the sensor support 12 and the water tank support 13 are fixed to the track groove 16 with hexagonal bolts, and the installation position can be adjusted up and down according to the specific test plan; there is a reserved hole on the heat exchange tube support 11, and an opening structure is provided on one side of the reserved hole, and the heat exchange tube 5 can be fixed by tightening the bolts on the side of the opening. A bolt hole will be pre-drilled on the heat exchange tube 5 to facilitate the matching of the bolts at the front end of the triaxial vibration acceleration sensor 7 with the bolt hole, so as to realize the fixation of the three vibration acceleration sensors 7.

[0029] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly structure of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, the connecting rod assembly 4 includes a clamp 401, an excitation connecting rod 402, and a control sensor 403; the clamp 401 is installed on the heat exchange tube 5, and a pre-tightening bolt hole is provided on its side for fixing and removing the clamp 401; the control sensor 403 is installed on the clamp, one end of the excitation connecting rod 402 is connected to the control sensor 403, and the other end is connected to the impact device 304, and both ends are fixed with nuts.

[0030] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly 6 includes a three-dimensional force sensor 601, a sensor support block 602, a set screw 603, a slider 604, a pre-tightening bolt 605 and an anti-vibration bar 606; the three-dimensional force sensor 601 is fixed to the sensor support block 602 by bolts, the anti-vibration bar 606 is fixed to the three-dimensional force sensor 601 by bolts, and the sensor support block 602 is fixed to the slider 604 by the pre-tightening bolt 605. A pressing sheet is installed on each side of the slider 604, and then the distance between the anti-vibration bar 606 and the heat exchange tube 5 can be adjusted by moving the slider 604. After the distance is determined, the set screw 603 can be tightened to fix the position of the slider 604. The water tank baffle is embedded in the sensor support 12 to form a water tank 15. A reserved hole for the heat exchange tube is provided in the center of the sensor holder 12, so as to facilitate the installation of the heat exchange tube 5 deep into the water tank 14 below. Secondly, the water in the water tank 14 can also rise to the water tank 15 on the sensor holder through the reserved hole, thereby covering the anti-vibration strip 606 to realize the wear analysis of the heat exchange tube 5 and the anti-vibration strip 606 in the water environment.

[0031] Figure 4The schematic diagram of the electric vibration table structure of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, the electric vibration table 3 is placed on the test base 10. The electric vibration table 3 includes a platform ring 301, a hydraulic device 302, a front and rear moving slide 303, and an impact device 304; the number of platform rings is 4, and the platform ring 301 ensures that the electric vibration table 3 is conveniently and safely transported and installed; the front and rear moving slide 303 can be set to meet the front and rear movement of the impact device 304; the hydraulic device 302 can adjust the upper and lower positions of the impact device 306, and is applicable to a wide range of tests.

[0032] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the sealed water tank structure of the present invention is shown. An annular groove 1301 is respectively provided on the sensor support 12 and the water tank support 13. The cylindrical structure adopts sealing glass. The sealing glass is placed in the annular groove 1301 and a sealant is applied around it to complete the installation of the water tank 14. A cylindrical groove is also reserved in the center of the water tank support 13, and the heating rod 17 can be inserted into it. The heating rod 17 is set to the water temperature, and the water temperature can be heated to 100°C, so that the heat exchange tube 5 and the anti-vibration strip 606 can be worn in a hot water environment.

[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises an experimental support (9) and an electric vibration table (3); the experimental support (9) is provided with a heat exchange tube (5), a heatable water tank (14) and a water tank (15); the water tank (15) is located above the water tank (14) and is connected to the water tank (14); the lower end of the heat exchange tube (5) passes through the water tank (15) and extends into the water tank (14); a three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly (6) is arranged in the water tank (15); the three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly (6) comprises a three-dimensional force sensor (601) and an anti-vibration strip (606) arranged corresponding to the heat exchange tube (5); the electric vibration table (3) is connected to the heat exchange tube (5), and the electric vibration table (3) can transmit the generated excitation to the heat exchange tube (5).

2. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (5), the heatable water tank (14) and the water tank (15) are all fixedly arranged on the experimental support (9) in an adjustable manner.

3. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental support (9) is provided with a heat exchange tube support (11), and a reserved through hole is provided on the heat exchange tube support (11). A through groove is opened at the reserved hole, and the heat exchange tube (5) passes through the reserved hole and is connected to the heat exchange tube support (11) through a fastener.

4. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional contact force sensor assembly (6) also includes a sensor support block (602). The three-dimensional force sensor (601) and the anti-vibration strip (606) are fixedly connected to the sensor support block (602) via fasteners. The sensor support block (602) is movably arranged in the water tank (15). The gap between the anti-vibration strip (606) and the heat exchange tube (5) can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the sensor support block (602).

5. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric vibration table (3) and the heat exchange tube (5) are connected via a connecting rod assembly (4), and the connecting rod assembly (4) comprises a clamp (401), an excitation connecting rod (402) and a control sensor (403); the clamp (401) is detachably arranged on the heat exchange tube (5), the control sensor (403) is fixedly arranged on the clamp (401), one end of the excitation connecting rod (402) is connected to the control sensor (403), and the other end is connected to the excitation output end of the electric vibration table (3).

6. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electric vibration table (3) comprises a main body, on which a hydraulic device (302) is movably arranged, the hydraulic device (302) is arranged vertically, an impact device (304) is arranged at its output end, and the output end of the impact device (304) is connected to a vibration excitation connecting rod (402).

7. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The experimental support (9) is provided with a sensor support (12), the sensor support (12) is provided with a baffle, and a water tank (15) is formed between the baffle and the sensor support (12).

8. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The experimental support (9) is provided with a water tank support (13), the water tank support (13) is located below the sensor support (12), a cylindrical structure is embedded between the water tank support (13) and the sensor support (12), and the cylindrical structure, the lower end surface of the sensor support (12) and the upper end surface of the water tank support (13) are combined to form a water tank (14).

9. The heat exchange tube vibration wear test device with adjustable clearance in hot water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-axis vibration acceleration sensor (7) is arranged on the heat exchange tube (5).

Images