Cable path optimization and work well arrangement method and system based on BIM and geophysical prospecting

Abstract

The application discloses a cable path optimization and work well arrangement method and system based on BIM and geophysical prospecting, aiming to improve the accuracy and rationality of cable path planning in power construction. The method first detects the underground environment of the construction area through geophysical prospecting technology, obtains the position space where the work well can be placed, and generates the corresponding coordinates. Then, based on these coordinates, different layout schemes of the work well are automatically generated in the model. The cable path in each scheme is calculated and simulated using the secondary development of BIM technology, and the optimal scheme is selected through an optimization algorithm. The method can effectively avoid obstacles in construction, optimize the cable path, reduce material waste and construction cost, and improve the accuracy and feasibility of power design and construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power pipeline design and planning, and in particular to a method and system for cable path optimization and work well layout based on BIM and geophysical exploration. Background Art

[0002] With urban development, the variety of municipal pipelines is increasing, including power lines, water supply and drainage networks, and gas networks. Each of these pipelines performs distinct functions, such as power supply, water supply and drainage, and gas supply. These pipelines reside in a complex underground environment and may be affected by various factors, including soil pressure, water pressure, and chemical substances. Therefore, it is crucial to rationally utilize limited underground space and maximize the social and economic benefits of these various pipelines.

[0003] Among the many municipal pipelines, power lines play a crucial role in cities. They are critical infrastructure for the proper functioning and development of cities and are known as their "lifelines." Electrical manholes provide a safe, orderly management and protection environment for the power system, ensuring the proper functioning of buildings and the safety of their occupants. Electrical manholes not only guarantee the continuity of power supply but also effectively reduce the risk of power failures through centralized management. They also facilitate regular inspections and maintenance by maintenance personnel, ensuring that electrical equipment is always in optimal working condition.

[0004] Therefore, in areas with complex municipal pipelines, the location of electrical manholes is particularly critical. Existing geophysical exploration techniques can only partially detect the underground environment and avoid unusable areas, but cannot provide an optimal location that can both ensure the smooth passage of power cables and optimize the use of limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a cable path optimization and work well layout method and system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, aiming to solve the technical problems of difficult electrical work well positioning, inaccurate cable path planning, high construction cost and low efficiency in complex municipal pipeline areas.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration, comprising the following method steps:

[0007] S1. Based on the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipes, cables, and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well that need to be optimized. Build a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells, and the pipes. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting and ending points of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes, and cables.

[0008] S2. Based on the established BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells, a three-dimensional spatial range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work well. The possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and the position coordinate information of the rectangular space is established. A point in the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin;

[0009] S3. Use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data;

[0010] S4. Based on the comprehensive model, with the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple sets of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target wells and the corresponding pipe and cable routing within the three-dimensional space, and generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing schemes;

[0011] S5. Preliminary screening of the generated multiple solutions is performed based on preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include: whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range; whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe is within a preset depth range; and excluding any working well locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology;

[0012] S6. From the initially screened options, select the optimal manhole layout and cable routing solution based on the priorities of minimizing cable length, minimizing construction complexity, and optimizing cable bending radius and distance, in descending order;

[0013] S7. The optimal solution is visualized in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipe and cable laying, as well as the path information.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the BIM three-dimensional model created includes the geometric dimensions (such as size and shape) and physical properties (such as material and bearing capacity) of the target work shaft, as well as the position, shape and connection characteristics of the two fixed-position work shafts.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, extending outward from the two fixed working well positions to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries includes the following steps:

[0016] Based on the two fixed positions of the work well, it extends vertically upward to a preset distance below the ground, and expands vertically downward and horizontally to the preset boundaries, thereby forming a three-dimensional space containing the possible locations of the target work well, and setting the coordinate system based on this three-dimensional space.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the obstacles include but are not limited to other municipal pipelines, abnormal underground structures and groundwater levels.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0019] If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, searching for the optimal solution within the determined three-dimensional space;

[0020] If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout to find the global optimal solution.

[0021] In the above content, simple spatial information refers to: the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively clear, the obstacle distribution is relatively simple or regular, and there are no large number of complex underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required computational effort and complexity are relatively low.

[0022] In the above content, complex spatial information refers to the following: the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively complex, the obstacles are irregularly distributed, and there may be a large number of unknown underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required computational effort and complexity are relatively high.

[0023] In a more preferred embodiment, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] A1, constructing an objective function, which is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, with each factor being assigned a different weight coefficient;

[0025] A2: Randomly generate the position and velocity information of the particle population within the determined three-dimensional space as the initial solution. The position information of each particle represents a possible well location and the corresponding cable routing solution.

[0026] A3, calculate the objective function value according to the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population. The individual optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current iteration number, and the global optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process.

[0027] A4, based on the current speed and position information of each particle in the particle swarm, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjusts the speed and position of each particle according to the update formula of the particle swarm optimization algorithm;

[0028] Ensure that the updated position of each particle is still within the determined three-dimensional space range and does not overlap with known underground obstacles;

[0029] A5, repeating steps A3 and A4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold;

[0030] During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal work well location and cable routing solution;

[0031] A6, extracts the optimal work well location and cable routing solution from the global optimal value, and uses this solution as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, a simulated annealing algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0033] B1, construct the objective function;

[0034] B2, randomly initializing the solution state S0, wherein the solution state S0 is calculated according to the objective function to obtain an initial objective function value T0, wherein the initial solution state S0 represents an initial solution for the cable path and work well layout;

[0035] B3, based on the current solution state Sk, a neighborhood solution S' is generated by random perturbation. The neighborhood solution S' represents a possible alternative solution near the current solution, where Sk represents the solution state at the kth iteration;

[0036] B4. Calculate the objective function difference ΔC = C(S') - C(S) between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S. The objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bend radius. Each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient. The lower the value of the objective function C(S), the higher the quality of the solution.

[0037] B5, if ΔC < 0, that is, the neighboring solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighboring solution S' as the current solution; if ΔC ≥ 0, that is, the neighboring solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighboring solution S' as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T);

[0038] B6, repeat steps B3-B5 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold, and use the solution as the solution searched by the simulated annealing algorithm within the determined three-dimensional space range.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the preset screening criteria also include: compliance with local construction laws and regulations, the distance from roads and sidewalks meets preset requirements, the distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines meets the preset safety distance, and the maintenance distance around the work well meets the preset value range.

[0040] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a cable path optimization and well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, comprising:

[0041] The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target manhole, pipes, cables, and two fixed-position manholes adjacent to the target manhole that need to be optimized based on the design plan of the power line. The BIM model is constructed for the target manhole, the two fixed-position manholes, and the pipes between them using the Building Information Model (BIM). The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the manhole, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position manholes serve as the starting and end points of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target manhole, pipes, and cables.

[0042] A spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as a possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the established BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells. The possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, establish position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin;

[0043] The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within a determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data;

[0044] A simulation module is used to, based on the comprehensive model and taking the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as a positioning reference, select one of an exhaustive search method, an A* algorithm, a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and a simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple sets of target work well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target work wells within the three-dimensional space, and the corresponding pipe and cable routing, to generate multiple different work well layouts and cable routing schemes;

[0045] The solution screening and optimization module is used to perform preliminary screening of multiple generated solutions based on preset screening criteria, such as whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets a preset depth range, and whether any work pit locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology are excluded. From the solutions after preliminary screening, the optimal work pit layout and cable routing solution is selected based on the priorities from highest to lowest: minimizing cable length, minimizing construction complexity, and optimizing cable bending radius and distance.

[0046] The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

[0047] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1) Improved accuracy and rationality of cable routing: By combining BIM (Building Information Modeling) and geophysical exploration technology, this invention can more accurately survey the underground environment of the construction area, thereby determining the optimal location for the work pit. Based on this precise data, the work pit can automatically generate multiple layout plans within the model, and through secondary development of BIM technology, the cable routing for each plan is calculated and simulated. Compared with traditional methods, this approach significantly reduces human error and improves the accuracy and rationality of planning.

[0050] 2) Optimizing cable routing to reduce material waste and construction costs: This method utilizes optimization algorithms (such as particle swarm optimization and simulated annealing) to screen multiple routing options to identify the optimal solution. This solution not only meets cable bending radius requirements but also minimizes cable length, reducing material waste. Furthermore, by optimizing work pit layout and cable routing, construction complexity, excavation, and restoration work can be reduced, further lowering construction costs.

[0051] 3) Improving the feasibility and efficiency of electrical design and construction: In areas with complex municipal pipelines, locating electrical manholes and planning cable routes often present numerous challenges. This invention integrates BIM and geophysical exploration technology to provide an efficient and rapid method for determining optimal manhole locations and cable routes. This method effectively avoids obstacles during construction, optimizes the use of limited underground space, and improves the feasibility and efficiency of electrical design and construction.

[0052] 4) Support for 3D Visualization: The ultimate result of this invention is a 3D visualization of the target manhole, its pipes, and the detailed location of the cable routing, all within the BIM platform. This intuitive display helps the design team and construction personnel better understand the cable routing plan, ensuring it meets both design requirements and actual construction needs. Furthermore, the 3D visualization model serves as an important reference during the construction process, reducing communication costs and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 In step S2 of the method of the present invention, based on the established BIM models of the two fixed-position work wells, a three-dimensional spatial range is determined as a schematic diagram of the possible location area of ​​the target work well.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the cable path optimization and work well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the above and other features and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for the purpose of explaining to those skilled in the art and are only exemplary and not restrictive.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration. In response to the problems encountered in actual construction, under the condition of existing objective conditions, a three-dimensional model is constructed through BIM technology, and the underground environment is detected with geophysical exploration technology to divide reasonable location information; according to different algorithms, a large number of models are obtained, from which models that meet the construction requirements are screened; then, according to the preset selection strategy, the optimal solution is generated, and the model is visualized in three dimensions.

[0060] See Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration specifically includes the following method steps:

[0061] S1. Build BIM model

[0062] According to the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipe (jacking pipe), cable and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well that need to be optimized.

[0063] Use Building Information Modeling (BIM) to create a three-dimensional model of the target work pit, which includes the geometric characteristics (size, shape) and physical characteristics (material, load-bearing capacity, etc.) of the work pit.

[0064] Determine the fixed locations of the target manhole at both ends. Use these fixed manholes as the starting and ending points of the cable routing path. Create BIM models for each location to clearly define their position, shape, and connection characteristics. These fixed manholes will serve as immutable reference points during the optimization process, limiting the scope of the target manhole, pipe routing, and cable routing.

[0065] Between the target work shaft and the fixed work shafts at either end, a conduit model was created using BIM technology to describe the cable routing and simulate the actual conduit structure during construction. Based on these conduit locations, a cable laying model was further created to simulate how the cables would be routed through these work shafts and conduits, forming a preliminary wiring plan.

[0066] S2. Determine the possible location area of ​​the target well

[0067] Based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work pits, a three-dimensional spatial range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work pit. This possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work pits to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries, forming a rectangular space.

[0068] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown in the figure, based on the two fixed work pit locations, a three-dimensional space is formed that extends vertically upward to 0.5m below the ground (or another distance determined by construction regulations) and vertically downward and horizontally to the specified boundaries, thus containing the possible locations of the target work pit. The position coordinate information of this rectangular space is then established, and a point within the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin.

[0069] In addition, when determining possible location areas, it is also necessary to exclude known unconstructable locations based on relevant construction specifications and site conditions to ensure the actual feasibility and safety of the selected location.

[0070] S3. Screening constructible space information

[0071] Geophysical exploration technology is used to detect the underground environment within a defined three-dimensional space, identifying and recording obstacle information. These obstacles include but are not limited to other municipal pipelines, underground structural anomalies, and groundwater levels.

[0072] Detected obstacle information is integrated into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environmental data. Using the BIM platform, these underground obstacles are marked on the target work well and pipeline models, ensuring that the spatial location of all obstacles is clearly displayed in the model. Integrating with a geographic information system (GIS) allows for a unified display of the relative position of the underground environment and the target work well and pipeline.

[0073] S4. Simulate target well location and cable routing

[0074] Based on the comprehensive model, taking the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm is selected to perform batch simulation of the target well location and cable routing.

[0075] Specifically, multiple sets of target manhole coordinates are input through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform. Within this three-dimensional space, every possible location of the target manholes, along with the corresponding pipe and cable routing, is simulated in batches, generating multiple different manhole layouts and cable routing solutions.

[0076] When choosing an algorithm, you can make a decision based on the complexity of the spatial information. For example:

[0077] (1) If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm can be selected to find the optimal solution in the multidimensional space.

[0078] The simple spatial information mentioned here refers to the following: the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively clear, the obstacle distribution is relatively simple or regular, and there are no large number of complex underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required computational effort and complexity are relatively low.

[0079] (2) If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected for global search.

[0080] The complex spatial information mentioned here refers to the fact that the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively complex, the obstacles are irregularly distributed, and there may be a large number of unknown underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required computational effort and complexity are relatively high.

[0081] S4.1. Implementation of the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

[0082] S4.1.1, construct an objective function, which is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient.

[0083] S4.1.2. Randomly generate position information and velocity information of a particle population within a determined three-dimensional space as an initial solution. The position information of each particle represents a possible working well location and a corresponding cable routing solution.

[0084] S4.1.3, calculate the objective function value based on the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population. The individual optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current number of iterations, and the global optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process.

[0085] S4.1.4. Based on the current velocity and position information of each particle in the particle swarm, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjust the velocity and position of each particle according to the particle swarm optimization algorithm update formula. Ensure that the updated position of each particle remains within the determined three-dimensional space and does not overlap with known underground obstacles.

[0086] S4.1.5, repeat steps S4.1.3 and S4.1.4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold.

[0087] During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal work well location and cable routing solution.

[0088] S4.1.6, extract the optimal work well location and cable routing plan from the global optimal value, and use the plan as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

[0089] S4.2. Specific implementation of the simulated annealing algorithm

[0090] The solution state S0 and the maximum number of iterations L are randomly initialized. The initial solution state S0 represents the initial plan of the cable path and work well layout.

[0091] For each iteration, a neighborhood solution S' is generated through random perturbations based on the current solution state Sk. The objective function difference ΔC between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S is calculated. The objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bend radius.

[0092] If ΔC < 0, the neighboring solution S' is accepted as the current solution. If ΔC ≥ 0, the neighboring solution S' is accepted as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T). If no new solution is accepted in several consecutive iterations, the termination condition is considered to be met and the current solution is output as the optimal solution.

[0093] If the termination condition is not met, the current temperature Tk is reduced and the next iteration process is continued.

[0094] S5. Preliminary screening plan

[0095] According to the preset screening criteria, the multiple generated solutions are preliminarily screened.

[0096] The preset screening criteria include but are not limited to:

[0097] a) Cable bending radius: Ensure that the cable bending radius is within the specifications allowed by the equipment to avoid excessive bending that may cause cable damage or construction difficulties.

[0098] b) Reasonable arrangement of drainage pipes: Check the buried depth and layout of drainage pipes to ensure their feasibility and safety during construction.

[0099] c) Avoid obstacles: Any working well location that overlaps with geophysical obstacles should be eliminated immediately to avoid risks in underground construction.

[0100] d) Other screening criteria, such as compliance with local construction laws and regulations, appropriate distance from roads and sidewalks, safe distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines, and maintenance distance around work wells.

[0101] S6. Select the best solution

[0102] After the initial screening, the optimal solution is selected based on further optimization strategies. Strategies for selecting the optimal solution may include minimizing cable length, minimizing construction complexity (such as minimizing excavation and restoration work), and optimizing the balance between bend radius and distance.

[0103] For example, the optimal work well layout and cable routing plan is selected according to the priorities from high to low, namely minimizing the cable usage length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance.

[0104] S7, 3D visualization display

[0105] The optimal solution is visualized in 3D on the BIM platform. This displays the detailed locations of the target manholes, their pipes, and cable routing, along with their routing information. This model helps the design team intuitively understand the cable routing plan, ensuring it meets both design requirements and actual construction needs.

[0106] Through the above steps, this embodiment can efficiently generate multiple feasible work well layout and cable routing solutions, and select the optimal solution through screening and optimization, providing strong technical support for the construction of power lines.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] Based on the same design concept, this embodiment also provides a cable path optimization and work well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration (see Figure 3 ), specifically including the following modules: BIM modeling module, spatial scope determination module, geophysical exploration and data integration module, simulation module, scheme screening and optimization module and visualization display module.

[0109] The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well that need to be optimized based on the design plan of the power line. The Building Information Model (BIM) is used to construct a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes between them. The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the work well, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting and end points of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables.

[0110] The spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as the possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established. The possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and establish the position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin.

[0111] The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within a determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data.

[0112] The simulation module is used to locate several points based on the comprehensive model, with the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as the positioning point, select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple sets of target work well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target work well within the three-dimensional space, and the corresponding pipe and cable routing, to generate multiple different work well layouts and cable routing schemes.

[0113] The scheme screening and optimization module is used to perform preliminary screening of multiple generated schemes based on preset screening criteria, including whether the cable bending radius is within the preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets the preset depth range, and excluding any working well locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; among the schemes after preliminary screening, the optimal working well layout and cable routing scheme is selected according to the priority from high to low, namely minimizing the cable usage length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance.

[0114] The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

[0115] As for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, please refer to the partial description of the method embodiment for the relevant parts, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Based on the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipes, cables, and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well that need to be optimized. Build a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells, and the pipes. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting and ending points of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes, and cables. S2. Based on the established BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells, a three-dimensional spatial range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work well. The possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and the position coordinate information of the rectangular space is established. A point in the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin; S3. Use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data; S4. Based on the comprehensive model, with the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple sets of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target wells and the corresponding pipe and cable routing within the three-dimensional space, and generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing schemes; S5. Preliminary screening of the generated multiple solutions is performed based on preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include: whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range; whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe is within a preset depth range; and excluding any working well locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; S6. From the initially screened options, select the optimal manhole layout and cable routing solution based on the priorities of minimizing cable length, minimizing construction complexity, and achieving the optimal balance between cable bending radius and distance. S7. The optimal solution is visualized in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipe and cable laying, as well as the path information.

2. The cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the process of extending the work well from the two fixed positions to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries includes the following steps: Based on the two fixed positions of the work well, it extends vertically upward to a preset distance below the ground, and expands vertically downward and horizontally to the preset boundaries, thereby forming a three-dimensional space containing the possible locations of the target work well, and setting the coordinate system based on this three-dimensional space.

3. The cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, searching for the optimal solution within the determined three-dimensional space; If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout to find the global optimal solution.

4. The cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, which includes the following steps: A1, constructing an objective function, which is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, with each factor being assigned a different weight coefficient; A2: Randomly generate the position and velocity information of the particle population within the determined three-dimensional space as the initial solution. The position information of each particle represents a possible well location and the corresponding cable routing solution. A3, calculate the objective function value according to the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population. The individual optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current iteration number, and the global optimal value is the optimal objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process. A4, based on the current speed and position information of each particle in the particle swarm, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjusts the speed and position of each particle according to the update formula of the particle swarm optimization algorithm; Ensure that the updated position of each particle is still within the determined three-dimensional space range and does not overlap with known underground obstacles; A5, repeating steps A3 and A4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold; During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal work well location and cable routing solution; A6, extracts the optimal work well location and cable routing solution from the global optimal value, and uses this solution as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

5. The cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The simulated annealing algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, which includes the following steps: B1, construct the objective function; B2, randomly initializing the solution state S0, wherein the solution state S0 is calculated according to the objective function to obtain an initial objective function value T0, wherein the initial solution state S0 represents an initial solution for the cable path and work well layout; B3, based on the current solution state Sk, a neighborhood solution S' is generated by random perturbation. The neighborhood solution S' represents a possible alternative solution near the current solution, where Sk represents the solution state at the kth iteration; B4. Calculate the objective function difference ΔC = C(S') - C(S) between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S. The objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bend radius. Each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient. The lower the value of the objective function C(S), the higher the quality of the solution. B5, if ΔC < 0, that is, the neighboring solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighboring solution S' as the current solution; if ΔC ≥ 0, that is, the neighboring solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighboring solution S' as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T); B6, repeat steps B3-B5 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold, and use the solution as the solution searched by the simulated annealing algorithm within the determined three-dimensional space range.

6. The cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, the preset screening criteria also include: compliance with local construction laws and regulations, the distance from the road and sidewalk meets the preset requirements, the distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines meets the preset safety distance, and the maintenance distance around the work well meets the preset value range.

7. Cable path optimization and work well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, characterized by: include: The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target manhole, pipes, cables, and two fixed-position manholes adjacent to the target manhole that need to be optimized based on the design plan of the power line. The BIM model is constructed for the target manhole, the two fixed-position manholes, and the pipes between them using the Building Information Model (BIM). The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the manhole, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position manholes serve as the starting and end points of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target manhole, pipes, and cables. A spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as a possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the established BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells. The possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, establish position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin; The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within a determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data; A simulation module is used to, based on the comprehensive model and taking the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as a positioning reference, select one of an exhaustive search method, an A* algorithm, a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and a simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple sets of target work well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target work wells within the three-dimensional space, and the corresponding pipe and cable routing, to generate multiple different work well layouts and cable routing schemes; The solution screening and optimization module is used to perform preliminary screening of multiple generated solutions based on preset screening criteria, such as whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets a preset depth range, and whether any work pit locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology are excluded. From the solutions after preliminary screening, the optimal work pit layout and cable routing solution is selected based on the priorities from high to low, namely minimizing cable length, minimizing construction complexity, and achieving the optimal balance between cable bending radius and distance. The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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