Drought-enduring plant community construction method for ecological restoration in extreme drought region

Abstract

The invention provides a drought-enduring plant community construction method for ecological restoration in an extreme drought region, and relates to the technical field of plant community construction. The drought-enduring plant community construction method for ecological restoration in the extreme arid region comprises the following steps: performing environmental assessment on a target region, and determining basic conditions of soil type, pH value and salt content; drought-enduring plants suitable for growing in the extreme drought region are screened out according to the early-stage investigation result; determining the structure and composition of a plant community, and constructing a multi-layer and multi-species plant community; selecting a proper planting mode; reasonably configuring the plant proportion; implementing soil improvement measures; breeding according to a specified plan; the growth condition of the plant community is monitored regularly, the growth condition and the ecological effect of the plant are known, and the construction method of the plant community is evaluated and adjusted according to the monitoring result. According to the method, the stability and the ecological function of an ecological system are improved by constructing a multi-layer and multi-species plant community.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant community construction, in particular to a method for constructing a drought-resistant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas. Background Art

[0002] As the urbanization process continues to accelerate, the ecological environment has been damaged to varying degrees, causing a series of resource shortage problems. As an important part of urban ecological environment construction, the area of ​​gardens and green spaces continues to increase. As the basic material of gardens and green spaces, garden plant communities play an important role in maintaining urban water and soil and improving urban hydrology. At the same time, accelerating the construction of water-saving urban green spaces in greening construction and scientifically and rationally utilizing the limited water resources in cities are also top priorities.

[0003] In extremely arid areas, water resources are scarce, soil is poor, and the ecological environment is extremely fragile. Traditional ecological restoration methods often have poor results and it is difficult to build a stable ecosystem. Therefore, there is a need for an ecological restoration method for extremely arid areas, which uses drought-tolerant plant communities to build a stable ecosystem and improve the effect of ecological restoration. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas, which solves the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: A method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Preliminary investigation:

[0009] Conduct environmental assessment of the target area, determine the basic conditions of soil type, pH value, and salt content, and investigate the existing plant species, distribution, and growth conditions in the target area;

[0010] Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening:

[0011] Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas were screened out, and the selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into drought tolerance levels;

[0012] Step 3: Plant community construction:

[0013] Determine the structure and composition of plant communities, build multi-level, multi-species plant communities; select appropriate planting methods; reasonably configure plant proportions;

[0014] Step 4: Soil Improvement:

[0015] Implement soil improvement measures to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility;

[0016] Step 5: Breeding and maintenance:

[0017] Breeding is carried out according to the specified planting method and plant ratio, and coordinated with watering, fertilization, pest control, and pruning;

[0018] Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation:

[0019] Regularly monitor the growth conditions of plant communities to understand their growth conditions and ecological effects, and evaluate and adjust the methods of constructing plant communities based on the monitoring results.

[0020] Preferably, in step 2, the drought-tolerant plants have the characteristics of strong drought tolerance, strong adaptability and strong ecological functions.

[0021] Preferably, in step 2, the priority of the grade classification is: drought tolerance > adaptability > ecological functionality.

[0022] Preferably, in step 2, the priority of the grade classification is: adaptability > drought tolerance > ecological functionality.

[0023] Preferably, in step three, the plant community includes but is not limited to trees, shrubs and herbs, and the plant community forms a three-dimensional structure.

[0024] Preferably, in step three, the planting method is selected according to the characteristics and growth requirements of different plants, and the planting method includes but is not limited to direct seeding, transplanting and cuttings.

[0025] Preferably, in step three, the plant proportion is reasonably configured according to the structure and composition of the plant community, the quantity ratio of the trees, shrubs and herbs is 1-3:1-2:1-3, and the trees, shrubs and herbs are planted at intervals.

[0026] Preferably, the planting spacing between the trees, shrubs and grasses is 3 to 5 meters.

[0027] Preferably, in step 4, the soil improvement measures include but are not limited to adding organic matter and microbial fertilizers.

[0028] (III) Beneficial effects

[0029] The present invention provides a method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Screen out drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas, improve the survival rate and growth quality of plants, and build multi-level, multi-species plant communities to improve the stability and ecological function of the ecosystem.

[0031] 2. Reasonable planting methods and maintenance management measures are adopted to ensure the growth needs of plants and improve the effect of ecological restoration. Plant communities are monitored and evaluated regularly, construction methods are adjusted in a timely manner, the structure and composition of plant communities are continuously optimized, and the sustainability of ecological restoration is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Preliminary investigation:

[0037] Conduct environmental assessment of the target area, determine the basic conditions of soil type, pH value, and salt content, and investigate the existing plant species, distribution, and growth conditions in the target area;

[0038] Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening:

[0039] Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas were screened out, and the selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into drought tolerance levels;

[0040] Step 3: Plant community construction:

[0041] Determine the structure and composition of plant communities, build multi-level, multi-species plant communities; select appropriate planting methods; reasonably configure plant proportions;

[0042] Step 4: Soil Improvement:

[0043] Implement soil improvement measures to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility;

[0044] Step 5: Breeding and maintenance:

[0045] Breeding is carried out according to the specified planting method and plant ratio, and coordinated with watering, fertilization, pest control, and pruning;

[0046] Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation:

[0047] Regularly monitor the growth conditions of plant communities to understand their growth conditions and ecological effects, and evaluate and adjust the methods of constructing plant communities based on the monitoring results.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Preliminary investigation:

[0051] Conduct environmental assessment of the target area, determine the basic conditions of soil type, pH value, and salt content, and investigate the existing plant species, distribution, and growth conditions in the target area;

[0052] Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening:

[0053] Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas were selected. Drought-tolerant plants have the characteristics of strong drought tolerance, strong adaptability, and strong ecological functions. The selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into drought tolerance levels, that is, the priority of the classification level is: drought tolerance > adaptability > ecological functionality;

[0054] Step 3: Plant community construction:

[0055] Determine the structure and composition of the plant community, and build a multi-level, multi-species plant community. The plant community includes trees, shrubs and herbs, and the plant community forms a three-dimensional structure. Select the appropriate planting method. The planting method is selected according to the characteristics and growth needs of different plants, that is, the planting methods include direct seeding, transplanting and cuttings. Reasonably configure the plant ratio. The plant ratio is reasonably configured according to the structure and composition of the plant community, that is, the number ratio of trees, shrubs and herbs is 1:1:1, and trees, shrubs and herbs are planted at intervals. Secondly, the planting spacing of trees, shrubs and herbs is 3 meters;

[0056] Step 4: Soil Improvement:

[0057] Implement soil improvement measures, including but not limited to adding organic matter and microbial fertilizers to improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility;

[0058] Step 5: Breeding and maintenance:

[0059] Breeding is carried out according to the specified planting method and plant ratio, and coordinated with watering, fertilization, pest control, and pruning;

[0060] Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation:

[0061] Regularly monitor the growth conditions of plant communities to understand their growth conditions and ecological effects, and evaluate and adjust the methods of constructing plant communities based on the monitoring results.

[0062] Embodiment three:

[0063] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that in step 2, the priority of the grade classification is: adaptability>drought tolerance>ecological functionality.

[0064] Secondly, in step three, the number ratio of trees, shrubs and herbs is 2:1:2, and the trees, shrubs and herbs are planted at intervals. Secondly, the planting spacing of trees, shrubs and herbs is 4 meters.

[0065] Embodiment 4:

[0066] The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that in step three, the number ratio of trees, shrubs and herbs is 3:2:3, and the trees, shrubs and herbs are planted at intervals. Secondly, the planting spacing of trees, shrubs and herbs is 5 meters.

[0067] Application example 1:

[0068] In a certain extremely arid region, the method of the present invention is used to construct a drought-tolerant plant community.

[0069] Step 1: Preliminary investigation:

[0070] Through field investigation and data collection, we learned about the region's climate, soil, hydrology and other natural conditions. The region has very little annual precipitation, poor soil and an extremely fragile ecological environment. At the same time, we investigated the existing plant species, distribution and growth conditions in the region to determine the types and quantities of drought-resistant plants.

[0071] Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening:

[0072] Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in the area were selected, such as Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendron, Calligonum sylvestris, and Camel thorn. These plants have the characteristics of strong drought tolerance, strong adaptability, and strong ecological functions. The selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into different types such as trees, shrubs, and herbs.

[0073] Step 3: Plant community construction:

[0074] Determine the structure and composition of the plant community. Construct a multi-layered plant community in the area with Populus euphratica as the tree layer, Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum mongolica as the shrub layer, and Camel thorn as the herb layer. Choose appropriate planting methods, such as transplanting Populus euphratica, direct seeding of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum mongolica, and cuttings of Camel thorn. Rationally configure the proportion of plants, with the proportion of Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendron, Calligonum mongolica, Camel thorn, etc. being 1:3:5:10.

[0075] Step 4: Soil Improvement:

[0076] Implement soil improvement measures, including but not limited to adding organic matter and microbial fertilizers to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility.

[0077] Step 5: Breeding and maintenance:

[0078] In the early stage of plant growth, water and fertilize appropriately to ensure the growth needs of plants. Regularly carry out pest control on plants to detect and deal with pest problems in a timely manner. Regularly prune and shape plants to maintain the beautiful shape of plants and promote their growth and development.

[0079] Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation:

[0080] Regularly monitor the growth of plant communities to understand their growth and ecological effects. Based on the monitoring results, evaluate and adjust the construction methods of plant communities, continuously optimize the structure and composition of plant communities, and improve the effect of ecological restoration.

[0081] Application Example 2:

[0082] In another extremely drought region, the method of the present invention is used to construct a drought-tolerant plant community.

[0083] Step 1: Preliminary investigation:

[0084] Through field investigation and data collection, we learned about the natural conditions of the region, such as climate, soil, and hydrology. The region has a hot and dry climate, high soil salt content, and a poor ecological environment. At the same time, we investigated the existing plant species, distribution, and growth conditions in the region to determine the types and quantities of drought-resistant plants.

[0085] Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening:

[0086] Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in the area were selected, such as red willow, angustifolia, and white thorn. These plants have the characteristics of strong drought tolerance, strong salt tolerance, and strong ecological functions. The selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into different types such as trees, shrubs, and herbs.

[0087] Step 3: Plant community construction:

[0088] Determine the structure and composition of the plant community. Construct a multi-layered plant community in the area with Elaeagnus angustifolia as the tree layer, Tamarisk as the shrub layer, and Nitraria sibiricum as the herb layer. Choose appropriate planting methods, such as transplanting Elaeagnus angustifolia, direct seeding of Tamarisk, and cuttings of Nitraria sibiricum. Rationally configure the proportion of plants, with the proportion of Elaeagnus angustifolia, Tamarisk, and Nitraria sibiricum being 1:2:4:8.

[0089] Step 4: Soil Improvement:

[0090] Implement soil improvement measures, including but not limited to adding organic matter and microbial fertilizers to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility.

[0091] Step 5: Breeding and maintenance:

[0092] In the early stage of plant growth, water and fertilize appropriately to ensure the growth needs of plants. Regularly carry out pest control on plants to detect and deal with pest problems in a timely manner. Regularly prune and shape plants to maintain the beautiful shape of plants and promote their growth and development.

[0093] Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation:

[0094] Regularly monitor the growth of plant communities to understand their growth and ecological effects. Based on the monitoring results, evaluate and adjust the construction methods of plant communities, continuously optimize the structure and composition of plant communities, and improve the effect of ecological restoration.

[0095] In summary, the method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community of the present invention can screen out drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas, improve the survival rate and growth quality of plants, and construct a multi-level, multi-species plant community, thereby improving the stability and ecological function of the ecosystem. Secondly, by adopting reasonable planting methods and maintenance management measures, the growth needs of plants are guaranteed, the effect of ecological restoration is improved, and the plant community is regularly monitored and evaluated, the construction method is adjusted in a timely manner, the structure and composition of the plant community are continuously optimized, and the sustainability of ecological restoration is improved.

[0096] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preliminary investigation: Conduct environmental assessment of the target area, determine the basic conditions of soil type, pH value, and salt content, and investigate the existing plant species, distribution, and growth conditions in the target area; Step 2: Drought-tolerant plant screening: Based on the results of the previous survey, drought-tolerant plants suitable for growing in extremely arid areas were screened out, and the selected drought-tolerant plants were classified into drought tolerance levels; Step 3: Plant community construction: Determine the structure and composition of plant communities, build multi-level, multi-species plant communities; select appropriate planting methods; reasonably configure plant proportions; Step 4: Soil Improvement: Implement soil improvement measures to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility; Step 5: Breeding and maintenance: Breeding is carried out according to the specified planting method and plant ratio, and coordinated with watering, fertilization, pest control, and pruning; Step 6: Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor the growth conditions of plant communities to understand their growth conditions and ecological effects, and evaluate and adjust the methods of constructing plant communities based on the monitoring results.

2. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the drought-tolerant plants have the characteristics of strong drought tolerance, strong adaptability and strong ecological functions.

3. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the priority of the classification is: drought tolerance > adaptability > ecological functionality.

4. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the priority of the classification is: adaptability > drought tolerance > ecological functionality.

5. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the plant community includes but is not limited to trees, shrubs and herbs, and the plant community forms a three-dimensional structure.

6. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step three, the planting method is selected according to the characteristics and growth requirements of different plants, and the planting method includes but is not limited to direct seeding, transplanting and cuttings.

7. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, the plant proportion is reasonably configured according to the structure and composition of the plant community, the quantity ratio of the trees, shrubs and herbs is 1-3:1-2:1-3, and the trees, shrubs and herbs are planted at intervals.

8. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The planting distance between the trees, shrubs and grasses is 3 to 5 meters.

9. The method for constructing a drought-tolerant plant community for ecological restoration in extremely arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the soil improvement measures include but are not limited to adding organic matter and microbial fertilizers.

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