Device and method for realizing S, Q and V multi-band dual-polarization feed source of ground station antenna

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-orbit satellite communication. A ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed source implementation device comprises an S-band dual-polarization feed source network, the S-band dual-polarization feed source network comprises a polarization switch, first duplexers, first sum-difference networks, a polarizer assembly and an S feed source horn, the polarization switch is connected with the two first duplexers, each first duplexer is connected with the first sum-difference network, and the S feed source horn is connected with the second duplexers. The output of one first sum-difference network is connected to a left-hand polarization port of each polarizer assembly, the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to a right-hand polarization port of each polarizer assembly, and each polarizer assembly is connected with an S feed source horn; the Q / V frequency band feed source network comprises two second duplexers which are respectively connected with a quadrature device, a polarizer is respectively connected with the quadrature device and a tracker, and the tracker is respectively connected with a difference signal synthesis network and a Q / V corrugated horn; and the S feed source horns are arranged around the Q / V corrugated horns. And the optimal utilization effect of space and signal receiving and transmitting efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of high-orbit satellite communication technology, and in particular, relates to a device and method for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed sources for ground station antennas. Background Art

[0002] In the field of high-orbit satellite communications, with the increasing scarcity of Ka and Ku band resources, the Q / V band has gradually become the main choice for high-speed data transmission due to its advantages such as low interference, wide bandwidth, and help in miniaturization of equipment.

[0003] However, the Q / V band is more sensitive to rain attenuation, which may cause communication interruption in bad weather. Therefore, it is necessary to use the S band, which is not sensitive to weather changes, as a communication guarantee. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of frequency use, there is also a demand for multi-band and dual-polarization technology to meet the complex requirements of satellite-to-ground communications.

[0004] The Q / V band is widely adopted due to its advantages, but the S band is also needed as a backup, and multi-band and dual-polarization technologies are pursued to optimize communication efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed implementation device and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna, the device comprising:

[0007] An S-band dual-polarization feed network comprises a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer component, and an S feed horn, wherein the polarization switch is respectively connected to two of the first duplexers, each of the first duplexers is connected to the first sum-difference network, an output of one of the first sum-difference networks is connected to a left-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and an output of another of the first sum-difference networks is connected to a right-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and each of the polarizer components is connected to an S feed horn;

[0008] A Q / V band feed network includes a second duplexer, an orthogonalizer, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, and a Q / V corrugated horn, wherein two of the second duplexers are respectively connected to the orthogonalizer, the polarizer is respectively connected to the orthogonalizer and the tracker, and the tracker is respectively connected to the difference signal synthesis network and the Q / V corrugated horn; wherein,

[0009] The S feed horns are arranged around the Q / V corrugated horn.

[0010] In some practicable manners, the polarization switch is used to select a polarization state of a signal, wherein the polarization state includes a left-hand polarized signal and a right-hand polarized signal;

[0011] The two first duplexers are respectively a first duplexer I and a first duplexer II, wherein the first duplexer I is used to receive a left-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the left-handed polarized signal to a first sum-difference network I, and the first duplexer II is used to receive a right-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the right-handed polarized signal to the first sum-difference network II; in addition, the first duplexer I is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network I, and the first duplexer II is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network II.

[0012] In some practicable embodiments, the first sum and difference network includes:

[0013] The first sum-difference network I is used to send the left-handed polarized signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the plurality of polarizer components, and is also used to receive the left-handed polarized signals output by the plurality of polarizer components;

[0014] The first sum-and-difference network II and the first sum-and-difference network I are used to send the right-hand polarized signal emitted by the first duplexer II to the multiple polarizer components, and are also used to receive the right-hand polarized signals output by the multiple polarizer components.

[0015] In some embodied manners, the plurality of polarizer assemblies include a plurality of polarizer compensation segments, and a number of partition polarizers corresponding to the number of the polarizer compensation segments; wherein,

[0016] The partition polarizer is connected to the polarizer compensation section;

[0017] The left-handed polarization port of the partition polarizer is connected to the first sum-difference network I, and is used to send the left-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the polarizer compensation section;

[0018] The right-handed polarization port of the partition polarizer is connected to the first sum-difference network II, and is used to send the right-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer II to the polarizer compensation section; wherein,

[0019] The partition polarizer is also used to send the polarization signal sent by the polarizer compensation section to the first sum and difference network I or the first sum and difference network II.

[0020] In some operative methods, the S feed horn is formed by cutting corners, and is an octagonal feed horn when viewed from top to bottom; wherein, there are four S feed horns, and the four S feed horns surround the Q / V corrugated horn.

[0021] In some practicable embodiments, the second duplexer includes a second duplexer I and a second duplexer II, wherein:

[0022] The second duplexer I is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send left-hand polarized signals;

[0023] The second duplexer II is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send right-hand polarized signals;

[0024] The orthogonal device is connected to the second duplexer I and the second duplexer II respectively, and is used to merge or separate two orthogonally polarized signals, and has a receiving mode and a transmitting mode; wherein, in the receiving mode, two independent polarized signals can be converted into two orthogonal polarized signals; in the transmitting mode, two signals are converted into orthogonal polarized signals;

[0025] The polarizer is used to convert the orthogonal linear polarization components into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals, or to separate the TE11 mode signal into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals.

[0026] In some embodiments, the tracker is a light-wall circular waveguide mode selective coupler, wherein:

[0027] When the antenna beam is aimed at the satellite, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite, and excite the fundamental mode signal, and send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer;

[0028] When the satellite deviates from the antenna beam axis, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite and excite the fundamental mode signal and the higher-order mode signal, send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer, and send the higher-order mode signal to the difference signal synthesis network.

[0029] In some operative methods, the differential signal synthesis network is connected to the tracker via a plurality of rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays so that the differential signal synthesis network receives the high-order mode signal, couples out two orthogonal components, forms a circularly polarized differential mode signal, and outputs it.

[0030] In some embodiments, the Q / V corrugated horn is a conical multi-mode corrugated horn.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for realizing a multi-band dual-polarization feed source for a ground station antenna S, Q, and V, which is applied to the aforementioned ground station antenna S, Q, and V multi-band dual-polarization feed source realization device, and the method includes:

[0032] When transmitting in S-band:

[0033] Using the polarization switch, select a left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal and send it to the corresponding first duplexer;

[0034] Using the corresponding first duplexer, sending the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network;

[0035] Using the corresponding first sum-difference network, the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal is sent to the corresponding polarizer component;

[0036] Using the corresponding polarizer assembly to control and isolate the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and using a square waveguide to perform polarization phase difference compensation processing to obtain the processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and output it to the S feed horn;

[0037] Using the S feed horn to send the processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal to a target;

[0038] When receiving signals in the S band:

[0039] Using the S feed horn, receiving the signal sent by the target and sending it to the polarizer assembly;

[0040] Using the polarizer component, compensating the signal sent by the target, and outputting a left-hand polarized signal or a right-hand polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network;

[0041] Using the first sum-difference network, processing the left-hand polarized signal or the right-hand polarized signal to obtain an elevation difference signal, an azimuth difference signal and a sum signal, and sending the sum signal to the corresponding first duplexer;

[0042] When transmitting in V-band:

[0043] utilizing a second duplexer to direct the transmit signal to an orthogonal device;

[0044] Using the orthogonalizer, the transmission signal is orthogonalized into two orthogonal linear polarization components, and sent to a polarizer;

[0045] The orthogonal linear polarization components are converted into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals by using the polarizer;

[0046] Using a tracker, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal generated by the polarizer are sent to the Q / V corrugated speaker;

[0047] Using the Q / V corrugated horn, transmitting the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal to the satellite;

[0048] When receiving signals in the Q band:

[0049] Using the Q / V corrugated horn, receiving the signal of the target satellite and exciting the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode;

[0050] Using the tracker, the corresponding TE11 mode signal is extracted from the received fundamental mode as the main receiving mode, and the TE11 mode signal is transmitted to the polarizer;

[0051] Using the polarizer, separating the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal;

[0052] Using the orthogonal device, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal are separated into two orthogonal linear polarization signals;

[0053] Using the first duplexer, the separated orthogonal linear polarization signals are directed to the receiving port to complete signal transmission;

[0054] The differential signal synthesis network is used to process the signals generated by the higher-order modes to form differential mode information in the elevation and azimuth directions;

[0055] The antenna beam direction is dynamically adjusted using the differential mode information.

[0056] Beneficial effect: The present application provides a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed implementation device, including an S-band dual-polarization feed network and a Q / V-band feed network, the S-band dual-polarization feed network including a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer component, and an S feed horn, wherein the polarization switch is respectively connected to two of the first duplexers, each of the first duplexers is connected to the first sum-difference network, an output of one of the first sum-difference networks is connected to the left-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to the left-handed polarization port of the polarizer component. The output is connected to the right-hand polarization port of the polarizer assembly, and each polarizer assembly is connected to an S feed horn; the Q / V band feed network includes a second duplexer, an orthogonalizer, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, and a Q / V corrugated horn, wherein two of the second duplexers are respectively connected to the orthogonalizer, the polarizer is respectively connected to the orthogonalizer and the tracker, and the tracker is respectively connected to the difference signal synthesis network and the Q / V corrugated horn; wherein the S feed horns are arranged around the Q / V corrugated horn. Through the above structure, not only the S-band left-hand and right-hand signal selective transmission, and the left-hand and right-hand signal frequency division multiplexing reception are realized, but also the V-band dual-polarization transmission and Q-band dual-polarization reception are realized, with the optimal utilization effect of space and signal transmission and reception efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of an S-band dual-polarization feed network of a device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed for a ground station antenna in one embodiment;

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the Q / V band feed network structure principle of a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed implementation device in one embodiment;

[0060] Figure 3 The present invention is a method for spatially arranging S, Q, and V multi-band feeds of a ground station antenna S, Q, and V multi-band dual-polarization feed implementation device in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all couplings of one or more related listed items.

[0063] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present application can be used in this article to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element.

[0064] Some terms involved in this application are explained below to facilitate understanding of this application:

[0065] Left-handed and right-handed are terms that describe the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves. They refer to the direction in which the electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave rotates during propagation. For right-handed polarization, when the electromagnetic wave propagates toward the observer, if the electric field vector rotates clockwise from the observer's perspective, then this polarization is called right-handed polarization. For left-handed polarization, on the contrary, if the electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave rotates counterclockwise from the observer's perspective, then this polarization is called left-handed polarization.

[0066] Feed Network refers to a set of components and circuits that connect the antenna and the signal source (or receiver) in the antenna system.

[0067] A separator polarizer is a device used to control the polarization state of a signal. It can convert a linear polarization signal into a circular polarization signal, or convert a circular polarization signal into a linear polarization signal.

[0068] The polarizer compensation section is used to compensate for any phase difference or amplitude imbalance introduced by the polarizer. This compensation ensures that the left-handed and right-handed polarized signals remain consistent in amplitude and phase.

[0069] RHCP, right-hand circular polarization.

[0070] LHCP, left-hand circular polarization, left-hand circular polarization.

[0071] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the first aspect, the present application provides a device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna, the device comprising an S-band dual-polarization feed network and a Q / V-band feed network.

[0072] The S-band dual-polarization feed network includes a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-and-difference network, a polarizer assembly, and an S-feed horn.

[0073] Specifically, the polarization switch is connected to two of the first duplexers respectively, each of the first duplexers is connected to the first sum-difference network, the output of one of the first sum-difference networks is connected to the left-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to the right-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and each of the polarizer components is connected to an S feed horn.

[0074] It should be noted that the polarization switch is used to select the polarization state of the signal, wherein the polarization state includes a left-hand polarization signal and a right-hand polarization signal;

[0075] The two first duplexers are respectively a first duplexer I and a first duplexer II, wherein the first duplexer I is used to receive a left-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the left-handed polarized signal to a first sum-difference network I, and the first duplexer II is used to receive a right-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the right-handed polarized signal to the first sum-difference network II; in addition, the first duplexer I is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network I, and the first duplexer II is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network II.

[0076] The first sum-difference network includes: the first sum-difference network I and the first sum-difference network II. The first sum-difference network I is used to send the left-handed polarized signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the multiple polarizer components, and the first sum-difference network I is also used to receive the left-handed polarized signals output by the multiple polarizer components; the first sum-difference network II, the first sum-difference network I is used to send the right-handed polarized signal emitted by the first duplexer II to the multiple polarizer components, and the first duplexer II is also used to receive the right-handed polarized signal output by the multiple polarizer components.

[0077] The multiple polarizer assemblies include multiple polarizer compensation segments and baffle polarizers whose number corresponds to the polarizer compensation segments; wherein the baffle polarizer is connected to the polarizer compensation segment; the left-handed polarization port of the baffle polarizer is connected to the first sum-and-difference network I, and is used to send the left-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the polarizer compensation segment; the right-handed polarization port of the baffle polarizer is connected to the first sum-and-difference network II, and is used to send the right-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer II to the polarizer compensation segment; wherein the baffle polarizer is also used to send the polarization signal received from the polarizer compensation segment to the first sum-and-difference network I or the first sum-and-difference network II.

[0078] The S feed horn is formed by cutting corners, and is an octagonal feed horn when viewed from top to bottom; wherein, there are four S feed horns, and the four S feed horns surround the Q / V corrugated horn.

[0079] The Q / V band feed network includes a second duplexer, an orthogonalizer, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, and a Q / V corrugated horn.

[0080] Specifically, the two second duplexers are connected to the orthogonal device respectively, the polarizers are connected to the orthogonal device and the tracker respectively, and the tracker is connected to the difference signal synthesis network and the Q / V corrugated horn respectively.

[0081] It should be noted that the second duplexer includes a second duplexer I and a second duplexer II, wherein the second duplexer I is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send left-hand polarized signals; the second duplexer II is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send right-hand polarized signals; the orthogonal device is respectively connected to the second duplexer I and the second duplexer II, and is used to merge or separate two orthogonally polarized signals, and has a receiving mode and a transmitting mode; wherein, in the receiving mode, two independent polarization signals can be converted into two orthogonal polarization signals; in the transmitting mode, two signals are converted into orthogonal polarization signals; the polarizer is used to convert orthogonal linear polarization components into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals, or to separate the TE11 mode signal into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals.

[0082] The tracker is a light-wall circular waveguide mode selective coupler, wherein when the antenna beam is aimed at the satellite, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite, and excite the fundamental mode signal, and send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer; when the satellite deviates from the antenna beam axis, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite, and excite the fundamental mode signal and the high-order mode signal, send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer, and send the high-order mode signal to the difference signal synthesis network.

[0083] The differential signal synthesis network is connected to the tracker through a plurality of rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays, so that the differential signal synthesis network receives the high-order mode signal, couples out two orthogonal components, forms a circularly polarized differential mode signal, and outputs it.

[0084] In one embodiment, the Q / V corrugated horn is a conical multi-mode corrugated horn.

[0085] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for realizing a multi-band dual-polarization feed source for a ground station antenna S, Q, and V, which is applied to the aforementioned ground station antenna S, Q, and V multi-band dual-polarization feed source realization device, and the method includes:

[0086] When transmitting in S-band:

[0087] Using the polarization switch, select a left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal and send it to the corresponding first duplexer;

[0088] Using the corresponding first duplexer, sending the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network;

[0089] Using the corresponding first sum-difference network, the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal is sent to the corresponding polarizer component;

[0090] Using the corresponding polarizer assembly to control and isolate the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and using a square waveguide to perform polarization phase difference compensation processing to obtain the processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and output it to the S feed horn;

[0091] The processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal is sent to the target using the S feed horn.

[0092] When receiving signals in the S band:

[0093] Using the S feed horn, receiving the signal sent by the target and sending it to the polarizer assembly;

[0094] Using the polarizer component, compensating the signal sent by the target, and outputting a left-hand polarized signal or a right-hand polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network;

[0095] The first sum-difference network is used to process the left-hand polarized signal or the right-hand polarized signal to obtain an elevation difference signal, an azimuth difference signal and a sum signal, and the sum signal is sent to the corresponding first duplexer.

[0096] When transmitting in V-band:

[0097] utilizing a second duplexer to direct the transmit signal to an orthogonal device;

[0098] Using the orthogonalizer, the transmission signal is orthogonalized into two orthogonal linear polarization components, and sent to a polarizer;

[0099] The orthogonal linear polarization components are converted into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals by using the polarizer;

[0100] Using a tracker, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal generated by the polarizer are sent to the Q / V corrugated speaker;

[0101] The Q / V corrugated horn is used to transmit left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals to a satellite.

[0102] When receiving signals in the Q band:

[0103] Using the Q / V corrugated horn, receiving the signal of the target satellite and exciting the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode;

[0104] Using the tracker, the corresponding TE11 mode signal is extracted from the received fundamental mode as the main receiving mode, and the TE11 mode signal is transmitted to the polarizer;

[0105] Using the polarizer, separating the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal;

[0106] Using the orthogonal device, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal are separated into two orthogonal linear polarization signals;

[0107] Using the first duplexer, the separated orthogonal linear polarization signals are directed to the receiving port to complete signal transmission;

[0108] The differential signal synthesis network is used to process the signals generated by the higher-order modes to form differential mode information in the elevation and azimuth directions;

[0109] The antenna beam direction is dynamically adjusted using the differential mode information.

[0110] Example

[0111] The present application provides a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed realization device, the ground station antenna is a 13-meter Cassegrain dual-reflector antenna. The feed network is mainly composed of S-band and Q / V-band feed networks, where the S feed is composed of four cut-angle pyramid horns, and its composition block diagram is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0112] During the S-band signal transmission process, the signal transmission polarization direction is first selected through the polarization switch, and left-handed polarization (LHCP) or right-handed polarization (RHCP) signals can be selected as the transmission mode. Then, the transmit and receive signals are combined or divided through the duplexer and connected to the sum-difference network to ensure that the transmit signal can be effectively guided to the corresponding transmission path, thereby sending right-handed or left-handed polarized signals respectively.

[0113] After the signal enters the partition polarizer, the polarizer performs precise polarization control on the left-handed or right-handed polarized signal and isolates the signal path to avoid mutual interference between the transmit signal and the receive signal. In addition, in order to optimize the polarization characteristics of the signal, the compensation section of the polarizer compensates the phase difference of the polarized signal by designing a precisely designed special square waveguide. This processing step can effectively reduce the polarization error and improve the polarization performance of the signal, thereby ensuring that the transmit signal output to the cut-angle pyramid horn has an excellent polarization axial ratio.

[0114] Finally, the left-handed or right-handed polarized signal optimized through the above process is efficiently transmitted toward the target direction through the S-band feed horn, ensuring that the energy concentration and directionality of the signal can meet the requirements of satellite communications, while improving the stability and reliability of the signal in complex propagation environments.

[0115] During the S-band signal reception process, left-handed polarized signals (LHCP) and right-handed polarized signals (RHCP) are first received through the cut-angle cone horn. The received signal then enters the polarization compensation stage, during which the system compensates for the polarization performance of the signal to improve the quality and polarization characteristics of the received signal.

[0116] The compensated signal is guided to the partition polarizer, which separates and processes the left-hand and right-hand polarized signals respectively, and transmits the separated signals to the corresponding sum-difference network. In the sum-difference network, the left-hand and right-hand polarized signals are further resolved to generate the following three signals:

[0117] Pitch difference signal, R △EL (Elevation Difference Signal): reflects the deviation information of the received signal in the vertical direction, which is used to adjust the antenna pitch angle;

[0118] Azimuth difference signal, R△AZ (Azimuth Difference Signal): It represents the deviation information of the signal in the horizontal direction and is used to correct the antenna azimuth.

[0119] and signal, R ∑ (Sum Signal): Indicates the strength and main direction of the received signal, which is used to accurately locate the source of the target signal.

[0120] Finally, the generated sum signal is transmitted to the duplexer, which divides the signal into left-hand or right-hand receiving ports (S left-hand or S right-hand receiving) according to the polarization state of the signal, completing the reception and distribution of the signal.

[0121] Through this processing flow, the system can effectively separate, compensate and analyze left-hand and right-hand polarized signals, which not only improves the signal reception accuracy, but also provides key support for subsequent antenna adjustment and target locking, ensuring reliability and stability in complex communication environments.

[0122] In summary, through the above method, the S-band left-handed and right-handed signal selective transmission and the left-handed and right-handed signal frequency division multiplexing reception are realized.

[0123] The Q / V band feed network consists of a corrugated cone horn, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, a polarizer, an orthogonalizer, a duplexer, and a connecting waveguide. The Q / V band feed network block diagram is shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0124] The Q and V band feed network adopts the working system of multi-mode circular polarization feed, and the core design is based on the working principle of conical multi-mode corrugated horn. By utilizing the field distribution and radiation characteristics of the fundamental mode and higher-order mode in the circular waveguide, efficient transmission and reception of signals can be achieved. In this design, the fundamental mode (HE11 mode) is mainly used to form the main beam pattern, which is responsible for the energy concentration of the signal in the main direction; while the higher-order mode (HE21 mode) forms a difference pattern, which is used to provide difference information that deviates from the main beam direction.

[0125] When the antenna beam axis is precisely aligned with the target (satellite), the incoming signal excites only the fundamental mode (HE11 mode) in the conical corrugated horn, thereby concentrating the transmission of the main direction signal. When the target deviates from the antenna beam axis, the incoming signal will excite both the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode (HE21 mode). At this time, the fundamental mode continues to maintain the concentration of signal energy in the main direction, while the higher-order mode provides deviation information for subsequent beam correction and target tracking, ensuring the dynamic response capability of the system.

[0126] In order to further optimize mode selection and signal separation, a light-wall circular waveguide mode-selective coupler (also called a tracker) is designed for the Q / V band feed network. The straight-through arm of the tracker only allows the TE11 mode signal to pass through, which enables the main mode signal to be used as the main mode of transmission and reception in an efficient manner. Through its side arm, two orthogonal TE21 mode signals are coupled out using an array of eight rectangular waveguide coupling holes. These signals are then fed into a differential signal synthesis network to generate circularly polarized differential mode signals in the elevation and azimuth directions for real-time correction of the antenna beam direction.

[0127] In the main mode signal processing part, the TE11 mode signal output by the through arm passes through the polarizer and the orthogonalizer in turn. The polarizer converts the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circularly polarized signal (LHCP) and a right-hand circularly polarized signal (RHCP) to ensure that the polarization characteristics of the signal meet the requirements of the dual-polarization system. The orthogonalizer further orthogonalizes the signal to form orthogonal components and optimize the signal processing efficiency. In order to achieve high isolation of the transmit and receive signals, the system is designed with a duplexer, which significantly reduces the interference between the transmit and receive signals through precise path isolation, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0128] Through the above design, the Q / V band feed network successfully realized the working system of multi-mode circular polarization feed. Among them, the V band supports the efficient transmission of dual-polarization signals, and ensures the accuracy and coverage of the transmitted signal through the energy concentration characteristics of the fundamental mode and the direction correction capability of the higher-order mode. In the Q band, the system can accurately separate and process the received signals, combine the directional deviation information generated by the differential mode signal, and dynamically adjust the antenna beam direction to ensure the stability and accuracy of signal reception. This design fully reflects the advantages of multi-mode feed in complex communication scenarios, which not only improves the reliability of the system, but also meets the needs of multi-band and multi-polarization communications.

[0129] Example

[0130] In the design of multi-band feed sources, since the center of each feed source must be located at the center of the antenna axis, the layout of the feed horns needs to balance the needs of different frequency bands and reasonably select which frequency bands' feed horns are arranged at the center of the antenna axis and which frequency bands' feed horns can be split and symmetrically arranged at the periphery. This layout scheme is not only related to the physical structure of the antenna system, but also has an important impact on the signal receiving and transmitting efficiency of each frequency band.

[0131] First of all, the S-band is mainly used for satellite measurement and control, and its communication requirements have relatively low requirements for EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) and G / T (antenna gain to noise temperature ratio). In addition, the S-band feed horn is large in size and takes up more space. If it is placed in the center of the antenna axis, it will not only limit the feed layout of other frequency bands, but may also lead to a decrease in the space utilization of the entire system. Therefore, the design splits the S-band feed horn into four small horns and arranges them symmetrically in the outer area of ​​the antenna axis.

[0132] In contrast, the Q / V band is mainly used for high-speed data transmission, and has higher performance requirements for EIRP and G / T. At the same time, the Q / V band feed horn is smaller in size, which can make more efficient use of limited space. In order to meet performance requirements and maximize signal transmission efficiency, the Q / V band feed horn is placed directly at the center of the antenna axis in the design. This layout not only ensures the high performance requirements of the Q / V band, but also provides spatial flexibility for realizing multi-band shared antennas.

[0133] It should be noted that the hollow space surrounded by four symmetrically arranged S-band feed horns can be used to install the Q / V conical multimode corrugated horn. This design makes full use of the feed space, making the antenna compact while achieving the functional integration of the S-band and Q / V-band, achieving the optimal balance between space utilization and signal transmission and reception efficiency.

[0134] Through this feed arrangement method, the system not only meets the functional requirements of the S band and Q / V band, but also optimizes the spatial layout to the maximum extent, improves the overall performance of the multi-band antenna, and provides reliable protection for complex satellite communication applications.

[0135] In summary, in the design of a certain high-orbit broadband communication satellite, the Q / V band is used as the main band for the measurement, control and data transmission requirements of satellite-to-ground communication to achieve high-speed data transmission and high-bandwidth communication. This choice fully utilizes the advantages of the Q / V band, which has rich resources, wide bandwidth and few interference sources, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and capacity of communications. However, due to the high sensitivity of the Q / V band to the atmospheric environment and its susceptibility to weather factors such as rain attenuation, which may cause communication interruption under extreme weather conditions, the system also introduces the S band as a backup band for measurement and control. The S band has strong atmospheric penetration capabilities and can maintain stable satellite-to-ground communications in severe weather, providing reliable protection for satellite measurement and control, thus making up for the shortcomings of the Q / V band.

[0136] In order to meet the needs of S, Q, and V multi-band dual-polarization frequency reuse in satellite communications, this application has comprehensively designed and optimized the ground station antenna feed network. Specifically, the feed network realizes the communication function of supporting the three frequency bands of S, Q, and V at the same time, and has dual-polarization capabilities of left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) for each frequency band. This design not only improves the efficiency of spectrum utilization, but also makes the signal transmission of satellite-to-ground communication more stable and efficient.

[0137] Through the implementation of this multi-band dual-polarization feed network, the system can flexibly cope with complex communication environments: under normal circumstances, the main Q / V band provides high-performance support for satellite-to-ground high-speed data transmission; under extreme conditions, the S band is used as an emergency measure for measurement and control to ensure the reliability and continuity of the communication link. At the same time, the dual-polarization design of the feed network also provides important technical guarantees for the separation of multi-band signals, isolation of transmission and reception, and improvement of anti-interference capabilities.

[0138] This solution, which targets the S, Q, and V multi-band dual-polarization frequency reuse requirements, has successfully achieved functional integration and performance optimization of multi-band communications between satellites and the ground, fully meeting the comprehensive needs of high-orbit broadband communication satellites in measurement, control, and data transmission, and providing strong support for the stable operation and efficient communication of satellites.

[0139] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0140] The various embodiments in the present disclosure are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0141] The protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. If these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the intention of the present disclosure also includes these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed realization device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An S-band dual-polarization feed network comprises a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer component, and an S feed horn, wherein the polarization switch is respectively connected to two of the first duplexers, each of the first duplexers is connected to the first sum-difference network, an output of one of the first sum-difference networks is connected to a left-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and an output of another of the first sum-difference networks is connected to a right-handed polarization port of the polarizer component, and each of the polarizer components is connected to an S feed horn; A Q / V band feed network includes a second duplexer, an orthogonalizer, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, and a Q / V corrugated horn, wherein two of the second duplexers are respectively connected to the orthogonalizer, the polarizer is respectively connected to the orthogonalizer and the tracker, and the tracker is respectively connected to the difference signal synthesis network and the Q / V corrugated horn; wherein, The S feed horns are arranged around the Q / V corrugated horn.

2. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization switch is used to select the polarization state of the signal, wherein the polarization state includes a left-hand polarized signal and a right-hand polarized signal; The two first duplexers are respectively a first duplexer I and a first duplexer II, wherein the first duplexer I is used to receive a left-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the left-handed polarized signal to a first sum-difference network I, and the first duplexer II is used to receive a right-handed polarized signal selected by the polarization switch and send the right-handed polarized signal to the first sum-difference network II; in addition, the first duplexer I is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network I, and the second duplexer II is also used to receive a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network II.

3. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sum and difference network comprises: The first sum-difference network I is used to send the left-handed polarized signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the plurality of polarizer components, and is also used to receive the left-handed polarized signals output by the plurality of polarizer components; The first sum-and-difference network II, the first sum-and-difference network I is used to send the right-hand polarized signal emitted by the second duplexer II to the multiple polarizer components, and is also used to receive the right-hand polarized signals output by the multiple polarizer components.

4. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of polarizer assemblies include a plurality of polarizer compensation segments, and a number of partition polarizers corresponding to the number of the polarizer compensation segments; wherein, The partition polarizer is connected to the polarizer compensation section; The left-handed polarization port of the partition polarizer is connected to the first sum-difference network I, and is used to send the left-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer I to the polarizer compensation section; The right-handed polarization port of the partition polarizer is connected to the first sum-difference network II, and is used to send the right-handed polarization signal emitted by the first duplexer II to the polarizer compensation section; wherein, The partition polarizer is also used to send the polarization signal sent by the polarizer compensation section to the first sum and difference network I or the first sum and difference network II.

5. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of ground station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S feed horn is formed by cutting corners, and is an octagonal feed horn when viewed from top to bottom; wherein, there are four S feed horns, and the four S feed horns surround the Q / V corrugated horn.

6. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second duplexer includes a second duplexer I and a second duplexer II, wherein: The second duplexer I is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send left-hand polarized signals; The second duplexer II is used to separate the transmit signal and the receive signal, and receive and send right-hand polarized signals; The orthogonal device is connected to the second duplexer I and the second duplexer II respectively, and is used to merge or separate two orthogonally polarized signals, and has a receiving mode and a transmitting mode; wherein, in the receiving mode, two independent polarized signals can be converted into two orthogonal polarized signals; in the transmitting mode, two signals are converted into orthogonal polarized signals; The polarizer is used to convert the orthogonal linear polarization components into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals, or to separate the TE11 mode signal into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals.

7. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracker is a light-wall circular waveguide mode-selective coupler, wherein: When the antenna beam is aimed at the satellite, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite, and excite the fundamental mode signal, and send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer; When the satellite deviates from the antenna beam axis, the tracker is used to receive the signal from the satellite and excite the fundamental mode signal and the higher-order mode signal, send the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer, and send the higher-order mode signal to the difference signal synthesis network.

8. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The differential signal synthesis network is connected to the tracker through a plurality of rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays, so that the differential signal synthesis network receives the high-order mode signal, couples out two orthogonal components, forms a circularly polarized differential mode signal, and outputs it.

9. The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Q / V corrugated horn is a conical multi-mode corrugated horn.

10. A method for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna, characterized in that: The device for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed of a ground station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: When transmitting in S-band: Using the polarization switch, select a left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal and send it to the corresponding first duplexer; Using the corresponding first duplexer, sending the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network; Using the corresponding first sum-difference network, the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal is sent to the corresponding polarizer component; Using the corresponding polarizer assembly to control and isolate the left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and using a square waveguide to perform polarization phase difference compensation processing to obtain the processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarized signal, and output it to the S feed horn; Using the S feed horn to send the processed left-handed or right-handed transmit polarization signal to a target; When receiving signals in the S band: Using the S feed horn, receiving the signal sent by the target and sending it to the polarizer assembly; Using the polarizer component, compensating the signal sent by the target, and outputting a left-hand polarized signal or a right-hand polarized signal to the corresponding first sum-and-difference network; Using the first sum-difference network, processing the left-hand polarized signal or the right-hand polarized signal to obtain an elevation difference signal, an azimuth difference signal and a sum signal, and sending the sum signal to the corresponding first duplexer; When transmitting in V-band: utilizing a second duplexer to direct the transmit signal to an orthogonal device; Using the orthogonalizer, the transmission signal is orthogonalized into two orthogonal linear polarization components, and sent to a polarizer; The orthogonal linear polarization components are converted into left-hand circular polarization signals and right-hand circular polarization signals by using the polarizer; Using a tracker, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal generated by the polarizer are sent to the Q / V corrugated speaker; Using the Q / V corrugated horn, transmitting the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal to the satellite; When receiving signals in the Q band: Using the Q / V corrugated horn, receiving the signal of the target satellite and exciting the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode; Using the tracker, the corresponding TE11 mode signal is extracted from the received fundamental mode as the main receiving mode, and the TE11 mode signal is transmitted to the polarizer; Using the polarizer, separating the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal; Using the orthogonal device, the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal are separated into two orthogonal linear polarization signals; Using the first duplexer, the separated orthogonal linear polarization signals are directed to the receiving port to complete signal transmission; The differential signal synthesis network is used to process the signals generated by the higher-order modes to form differential mode information in the elevation and azimuth directions; The antenna beam direction is dynamically adjusted using the differential mode information.

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