Preparation method of peep-proof display screen, peep-proof display screen, equipment and peep-proof method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a peep-proof display screen, the peep-proof display screen, equipment and a peep-proof method. In the embodiment of the invention, a light-transmitting material layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module; the display module comprises a substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged on the substrate in an array mode. Patterning the light-transmitting material layer so as to form a plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array on the light-emitting side of the display module; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel units; the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure on the substrate coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate. Filling gaps among the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in the array with an electrochromic material to form an electrochromic layer; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures are located in the electrochromic layer; the electrochromic layer varies light transmittance in response to a voltage applied thereon. According to the technical scheme, good peep-proof performance can be achieved, the thickness of the peep-proof structure is small, and the influence on display brightness is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a method for preparing an anti-peeping display screen, an anti-peeping display screen, a device, and an anti-peeping method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, electronic products with display screens, such as mobile phones and computers, have been increasingly widely used. Usually, electronic products have a large viewing angle, and users at different viewing angles can all know the information displayed. However, users' awareness of privacy protection is getting stronger and stronger. In order to meet the anti-peeping needs of users when using display electronic products, in the prior art, an anti-peep film can be attached to the display screen of display electronic products. The anti-peep film can eliminate large-angle light and only retain small-angle light that is almost vertically emitted from the display screen, so that users at a large viewing angle cannot receive the picture displayed on the display screen.

[0003] However, the thickness of the privacy film is usually large, which not only increases the thickness of the terminal device, but also reduces the display brightness of the vertical viewing angle of the display screen, resulting in increased power consumption of the electronic product. Summary of the invention

[0004] Multiple aspects of the present application provide a method for preparing an anti-peeping display screen, an anti-peeping display screen, a device and an anti-peeping method, which can achieve good anti-peeping performance, and the anti-peeping structure has a small thickness and has little effect on display brightness.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an anti-peeping display screen, comprising:

[0006] A light-transmitting material layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module; the display module comprises a substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate;

[0007] The light-transmitting material layer is patterned to form a plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array on the light-emitting side of the display module; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; and the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure on the substrate coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate;

[0008] Electrochromic materials are filled in gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array to form an electrochromic layer; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures are located in the electrochromic layer; and the electrochromic layer changes light transmittance in response to a voltage applied thereto.

[0009] In the anti-peeping display screen prepared by the preparation method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting island structure located above the pixel unit can transmit the small-angle light emitted by the pixel unit; by controlling the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer to change the transmittance of the electrochromic layer, the electrochromic layer can transmit the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit or absorb and reflect the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit, thereby realizing the switching of the anti-peeping display screen between the shared display state and the anti-peeping display state; and the thickness of the entire anti-peeping structure is small, which can reduce the impact on the display brightness of the display screen. In addition, in this scheme, a plurality of light-transmitting guide structures arranged in an array are first formed by a patterning process, and then the electrochromic material is filled in the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array to form an electrochromic layer. In other words, in this scheme, there is no need to perform a patterning process on the electrochromic layer, which can avoid the influence of the patterning process on the electrochromic performance of the electrochromic layer, thereby ensuring better anti-peeping performance.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0011] Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, a first light-transmitting conductive layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module; the light-transmitting material layer is formed on the first light-transmitting conductive layer;

[0012] forming a second light-transmitting conductive layer on the electrochromic layer;

[0013] The electrochromic layer changes light transmittance in response to a voltage between the first light-transmitting conductive layer and the second light-transmitting conductive layer.

[0014] In a possible implementation, when the first light-transmitting conductive layer serves as an anode, the electrochromic material is an anode electrochromic material;

[0015] When the first light-transmitting conductive layer serves as a cathode, the electrochromic material is a cathode electrochromic material.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0017] Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, a light-transmitting cushioning layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the numerical relationship between the thickness of the light-transmitting cushion layer and the pixel width of the pixel unit is determined by a preset anti-peeping angle.

[0019] In a possible implementation, before forming the light-transmitting material layer, forming a light-transmitting cushioning layer on the light-emitting side of the display module includes:

[0020] Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, forming a low-refractive-index material sublayer on the light-emitting side of the display module;

[0021] The low refractive index material sublayer is imaged to form a plurality of first openings arranged in an array in the low refractive index material sublayer; the plurality of first openings correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; and the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate;

[0022] A high refractive index material sublayer is formed on the patterned low refractive index material sublayer; and the light-transmitting cushioning layer is composed of the patterned low refractive index material sublayer and the high refractive index material sublayer.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the display module is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display module;

[0024] The OLED display module further includes: a first encapsulation layer covering the plurality of pixel units.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the substrate is a flexible substrate; the method further includes:

[0026] The display module is formed on a glass substrate; the flexible substrate is located on the glass substrate;

[0027] After the layers required for the privacy protection display screen are prepared, the peeling carrier is peeled off by a peeling process to expose the flexible substrate.

[0028] In a possible implementation, filling the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array with an electrochromic material includes:

[0029] The gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array are filled with electrochromic material by coating or printing.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0031] After the electrochromic layer is formed, a second encapsulation layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module;

[0032] A touch control layer is formed on the second encapsulation layer.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides an anti-peeping display screen, which is made by any of the preparation methods described above.

[0034] In the anti-peeping display screen prepared by the preparation method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting island structure located above the pixel unit can transmit the small-angle light emitted by the pixel unit; by controlling the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer to change the transmittance of the electrochromic layer, the electrochromic layer can transmit the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit or absorb and reflect the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit, thereby realizing the switching of the anti-peeping display screen between the shared display state and the anti-peeping display state; and the thickness of the entire anti-peeping structure is small, which can reduce the impact on the display brightness of the display screen. In addition, in this scheme, a plurality of light-transmitting guide structures arranged in an array are first formed by a patterning process, and then the electrochromic material is filled in the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array to form an electrochromic layer. In other words, in this scheme, there is no need to perform a patterning process on the electrochromic layer, which can avoid the influence of the patterning process on the electrochromic performance of the electrochromic layer, thereby ensuring better anti-peeping performance.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a housing and the above-mentioned anti-peeping display screen; the anti-peeping display screen is installed on the housing.

[0036] The electronic device provided by the present application includes: a housing and an anti-peeping display screen; in the anti-peeping display screen prepared by the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting island structure located above the pixel unit can transmit the small-angle light emitted by the pixel unit; by controlling the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer to change the transmittance of the electrochromic layer, the electrochromic layer can transmit the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit or absorb and reflect the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit, thereby realizing the switching of the anti-peeping display screen between the shared display state and the anti-peeping display state; and the thickness of the entire anti-peeping structure is small, which can reduce the impact on the display brightness of the display screen. In addition, in this scheme, a plurality of light-transmitting guide structures arranged in an array are first formed by a patterning process, and then the electrochromic material is filled in the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in the array to form an electrochromic layer. In other words, in this scheme, there is no need to perform a patterning process on the electrochromic layer, which can avoid the influence of the patterning process on the electrochromic performance of the electrochromic layer, thereby ensuring better anti-peeping performance.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an anti-peeping method, which is applied to the above-mentioned electronic device; the method comprises:

[0038] Receive anti-peeping trigger instructions;

[0039] According to the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer of the anti-peeping display screen is controlled to change the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer.

[0040] The anti-peeping method provided in the present application is applied to an electronic device with an anti-peeping display screen, wherein the electronic device receives an anti-peeping trigger instruction and controls the light-transmitting state of the anti-peeping layer in the anti-peeping display screen according to the received anti-peeping trigger instruction. After receiving the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer is controlled, and the voltage causes the electrochromic layer to change from a light-transmitting state to an opaque state, and the anti-peeping layer absorbs or reflects the large-angle light emitted by the pixel and propagating toward the periphery of the anti-peeping display screen, so that the anti-peeping display screen switches to the anti-peeping display state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 An exploded view of an electronic device provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a preparation method provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an anti-peeping display screen provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 This is an example of an anti-peeping angle.

[0047] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of an anti-peeping display screen provided for an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7-Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure obtained after different preparation steps in another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.12 A flowchart of an anti-peeping method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Description of reference numerals:

[0051] 1-electronic device; 10-peep-proof display screen; 20-housing; 201-middle frame; 202-back cover; 2011-frame part; 2012-middle plate part; 30-main board; 202-back cover; 1011-substrate; 1014-thin film transistor layer; 1015-pixel definition layer; 1012-pixel unit; 1013-first encapsulation layer; 106-pad layer; 1061-low refractive index material sublayer; 1062-high refractive index material sublayer; 104-first light-transmitting conductive layer; 102-electrochromic layer; 103-light-transmitting island structure; 105-second light-transmitting conductive layer; 107-second encapsulation layer; 108-touch layer; 109-light-transmitting adhesive layer; 110-glass cover plate; 110-reflective electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, taking the electronic device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the electronic device 1 may include an anti-peeping display screen 10 and a housing 20, the anti-peeping display screen 10 is used to display images, and the housing 20 is used to support, fix and protect the anti-peeping display screen 10. It is understandable that the electronic device 1 of the embodiment of the present application may also be other electronic devices such as the above-mentioned tablet computer, laptop computer, desktop computer, all-in-one computer, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0054] In this embodiment, the side surface of the electronic device 1 displaying an image is defined as its front side, and the other side surface of the electronic device 1 opposite to its front side is defined as its back side. The front side and back side of the relevant components of the electronic device 1 correspond to the electronic device 1. The front side of the anti-peeping display screen 10, that is, the side surface of the anti-peeping display screen 10 displaying an image is exposed outside the housing 20 for users to watch or operate the electronic device 1. The housing 20 is surrounded by the side wall and back side of the anti-peeping display screen 10 to support, fix and protect the anti-peeping display screen 10.

[0055] The anti-peeping display screen 10 and the housing 20 together form a storage space for the electronic device 1, and other components of the electronic device 1 may be arranged in the storage space, for example, a mainboard, a speaker, a camera, a battery and other components may be arranged in the storage space.

[0056] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view of . Figure 2 As shown, the housing 20 may include a middle frame 201 and a back cover 202, the back cover 202 may be a flat plate-shaped member, the back cover 202 is located at the back of the electronic device 1, and the middle frame 201 is connected between the anti-peeping display screen 10 and the back cover 202. The middle frame 201 may include a frame portion 2011 and a middle plate portion 2012, the frame portion 2011 is arranged around the electronic device 1, the middle plate portion 2012 is located in the area surrounded by the frame portion 2011, and the edge of the middle plate portion 2012 is connected to the inner side wall of the frame portion 2011. Exemplarily, the middle plate portion 2012 and the frame portion 2011 may be an integrally formed structure.

[0057] The anti-peeping display screen 10 is usually supported by overlapping the middle plate portion 2012 of the middle frame 201, and the anti-peeping display screen 10 can be connected and fixed to the front end surface of the frame portion 2011 of the middle frame 201 (the end surface of the frame portion 2011 facing the front of the electronic device 1). The edge of the back cover 202 can be connected and fixed to the rear end surface of the frame portion 2011 of the middle frame 201 (the end surface of the frame portion 2011 facing the back of the electronic device 1), and a gap is formed between the middle plate portion 2012 of the middle frame 201 and the back cover 202, and other components of the electronic device 1 can be arranged in the gap. For example, Figure 2 The example shows that the main board 30 is mounted on a surface of the middle plate portion 2012 facing the rear cover 202 . In actual applications, the main board 30 can be electrically connected to the anti-peeping display screen 10 , and the main board 30 controls the display screen 10 .

[0058] The following will be combined Figure 3 and Figure 4 The preparation method of the anti-peeping display screen is described in detail. Figure 3 As shown, the preparation method may include:

[0059] 301. Form a light-transmitting material layer on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0060] Wherein, the display module includes a substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate.

[0061] 302. Patterning the light-transmitting material layer to form a plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0062] The plurality of light-transmitting island structures correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; and the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate.

[0063] 303. Fill the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array with an electrochromic material to form an electrochromic layer.

[0064] The plurality of light-transmitting island structures are located in the electrochromic layer; and the electrochromic layer changes its light transmittance in response to a voltage applied thereto.

[0065] Figure 4 The anti-peeping display screen 10 prepared by the method for preparing the anti-peeping display screen 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the anti-peeping display screen 10 includes: a display module 101, an electrochromic layer 102 located on the light-emitting side of the display module 101, and a plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 located in the electrochromic layer 102 and arranged in an array; the display module 101 includes: a substrate 1011 and a plurality of pixel units 1012 arranged in an array on the substrate 1011; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of pixel units 1012; the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure 103 on the substrate 1011 coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit 1012 on the substrate 1011; the electrochromic layer 102 changes its transmittance in response to the voltage applied thereto.

[0066] In the above 301, in actual applications, the pixel unit 1012 corresponds to any one or any combination of red sub-pixels (Red pixels), green sub-pixels (Green pixels) and blue sub-pixels (Blue pixels). In other words, the pixel unit 1012 can be a single sub-pixel or a combination of multiple sub-pixels, such as an RGB pixel. In a specific example, for an anti-peeping display screen with an RGB display structure, the above pixel unit 1012 refers to a single sub-pixel.

[0067] A plurality of pixel unit arrays are arranged on the substrate, and the specific arrangement can be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not make any specific limitation on this.

[0068] The substrate 1011 may include: a glass substrate or a flexible substrate. The material of the flexible substrate may be selected according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. In one example, the flexible substrate may be: a colorless polyimide (CPI) substrate. Using a flexible substrate, a foldable anti-peeping display screen can be realized.

[0069] In one example, the light-transmitting material layer can transmit light emitted by the display module. The light-transmitting material layer can be formed on the light-emitting side of the display module by coating. Specifically, a coating machine, such as a slit coating machine, can be used to coat a liquid containing the light-transmitting material on the light-emitting side of the display module 101, and then the light-transmitting material layer can be obtained by drying.

[0070] In practical applications, the light-transmitting material layer may be a light-transmitting organic coating (OC) layer or a planarization layer (PLN).

[0071] In the above 302, the light-transmitting material layer may be patterned by using an existing patterning process. In one example, the light-transmitting material layer may be etched by using a photolithography process to obtain a patterned light-transmitting material layer.

[0072] The patterned light-transmitting material layer includes: a plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 arranged in an array on the light-emitting side of the display module. The plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 correspond to the plurality of pixel units 1012 one by one; the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure 103 on the substrate 1011 coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit 1012 on the substrate 1011. In other words, the arrangement of the plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 is the same as the arrangement of the plurality of pixel units 1012.

[0073] In order to avoid affecting the display brightness of the display screen at a small angle, it is necessary to transmit the light in the small angle direction of the pixel unit as much as possible. Therefore, in a specific example, the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure 103 on the substrate 1011 covers the orthographic projection of its corresponding pixel unit 1012 on the substrate 1011. In this way, the light in the small angle direction emitted by the pixel unit 1012 can be emitted through the light-transmitting island structure 103. Furthermore, in order to leave more filling area for the electrochromic material to improve the anti-peeping effect, the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure 103 on the substrate 1011 completely overlaps with the orthographic projection of its corresponding pixel unit 1012 on the substrate 1011.

[0074] In the above 303, the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 arranged in an array are filled with electrochromic material by coating or printing. The printing method may include: inkjet printing. In practical applications, it is also necessary to go through leveling, curing and other processes to finally form an electrochromic layer.

[0075] The optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, etc.) of electrochromic materials can undergo stable and reversible color changes under the action of an external electric field, which is manifested in the reversible changes of color and transparency. Electrochromic materials are divided into inorganic electrochromic materials and organic electrochromic materials. Inorganic electrochromic materials are, for example, tungsten trioxide. Organic electrochromic materials mainly include polythiophenes and their derivatives, viologens, tetrathiafulvalene, metal phthalocyanine compounds, etc.

[0076] The plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 are located in the electrochromic layer 102; the electrochromic layer 102 changes its light transmittance in response to a voltage applied thereto. Specifically, the electrochromic layer 102 can switch between a light-transmitting state and a light-impermeable state in response to a voltage applied thereto. When the electrochromic layer 102 is in a light-transmitting state, the anti-peeping display screen 10 is in a shared display state; when the electrochromic layer 102 is in a light-impermeable state, the anti-peeping display screen 10 is in an anti-peeping display state.

[0077] In the anti-peeping display screen prepared by the preparation method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting island structure located above the pixel unit can transmit the small-angle light emitted by the pixel unit; by controlling the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer to change the transmittance of the electrochromic layer, the electrochromic layer can transmit the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit or absorb and reflect the large-angle light emitted by the pixel unit, thereby realizing the switching of the anti-peeping display screen between the shared display state and the anti-peeping display state; and the thickness of the entire anti-peeping structure is small, which can reduce the impact on the display brightness of the display screen. In addition, in this scheme, a plurality of light-transmitting guide structures arranged in an array are first formed by a patterning process, and then the electrochromic material is filled in the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array to form an electrochromic layer. In other words, in this scheme, there is no need to perform a patterning process on the electrochromic layer, which can avoid the influence of the patterning process on the electrochromic performance of the electrochromic layer, thereby ensuring better anti-peeping performance.

[0078] It should be noted that, generally speaking, electrochromic materials change the transmittance through redox reactions. If the electrochromic layer is directly imaged, the structure of the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer will be destroyed, which will lead to its inability to undergo subsequent redox reactions, affecting the anti-peeping effect or even having no anti-peeping effect at all.

[0079] In an achievable solution, the above method may further include:

[0080] 304. Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, form a first light-transmitting conductive layer on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0081] Wherein, the light-transmitting material layer is formed on the first light-transmitting conductive layer.

[0082] 305. Form a second light-transmitting conductive layer on the electrochromic layer.

[0083] The electrochromic layer changes light transmittance in response to a voltage between the first light-transmitting conductive layer and the second light-transmitting conductive layer.

[0084] like Figure 4As shown, the anti-peeping display screen 10 further includes: a first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 located between the display module 101 and the electrochromic layer 102 , and a second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 located on a side of the electrochromic layer 102 away from the display module 101 .

[0085] The first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 can both be ITO (Indium Tin Oxides) layers. In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 have no hollow design.

[0086] In the above 304 , in one example, before forming the light-transmitting material layer, a first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 may be formed on the light-emitting side of the display module 101 by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), coating or printing.

[0087] After the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 is formed, a light-transmitting material layer is formed on the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 .

[0088] In the above 305 , in one example, the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 can be formed on the electrochromic layer 102 by a PVD method, a coating method or a printing method.

[0089] like Figure 4 As shown, the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104, the electrochromic layer 102 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 form a sandwich structure. It can be seen that the anti-peeping structure and process in the embodiment of the present application are simple.

[0090] In practical applications, when the electrochromic material is filled in the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 arranged in an array, it is hoped that the electrochromic material is only filled in the gaps, and is not deposited on the light-transmitting island structures 103. However, most current coating machines or inkjet printers are difficult to ensure this. In other words, in the prepared anti-peeping display screen 10, the light-transmitting island structures 103 are covered by the electrochromic material.

[0091] In practical applications, the color-changing area of ​​the electrochromic layer is only located near the side in contact with one or two electrodes (usually a very thin area). In order to avoid the electrochromic material covering the light-transmitting island structure 103 from blocking the light in the small angle direction, a suitable electrochromic material can be selected according to the electrode type of the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104, so that the electrochromic layer 102 only undergoes a reversible change in transmittance (i.e., color change) near the side in contact with the first light-transmitting conductive layer. Specifically, when the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 is used as an anode, the electrochromic material is an anode electrochromic material; when the first light-transmitting conductive layer 105 is used as a cathode, the electrochromic material is a cathode electrochromic material.

[0092] When the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 is used as an anode and the electrochromic material is an anode electrochromic material, the color-changing area of ​​the electrochromic layer 102 is only the area near the side of the electrochromic layer 102 that contacts the first light-transmitting conductive layer. When the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 is used as a cathode and the electrochromic material is a cathode electrochromic material, the color-changing area of ​​the electrochromic layer 102 is also only the area near the side of the electrochromic layer 102 that contacts the first light-transmitting conductive layer. In this way, the electrochromic material covering the light-transmitting island structure 103 will not change color, and will not block light in a small angle direction.

[0093] like Figure 5 As shown, the anti-peeping angle θ of the anti-peeping display screen is generally about 45 degrees. In order to achieve the preset anti-peeping angle, it is necessary to ensure that there is a certain distance between the electrochromic layer 102 and the light-emitting surface of the pixel unit 1012. Therefore, the above method may also include:

[0094] 306 . Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, form a light-transmitting cushion layer on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, the anti-peeping display screen 10 may further include: a light-transmitting cushioning layer 106 located between the display module 101 and the electrochromic layer 102. Specifically, the light-transmitting cushioning layer 106 is located between the first encapsulation layer 1013 of the display module 101 and the first transparent conductive layer 104.

[0096] In practical applications, the thickness of the first encapsulation layer 1013 and the first transparent conductive layer 104 of the display module 101 is very small and can be ignored. Therefore, the numerical relationship between the height of the light-transmitting cushion layer and the pixel width of the pixel unit is determined by the preset anti-peeping angle. Exemplarily, the height of the light-transmitting cushion layer is greater than or equal to the pixel width of the pixel unit.

[0097] In the above 306, in one example, if Figure 4As shown, the display module is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display module; the display module further includes: a first encapsulation layer 1013 covering the plurality of pixel units 1012. The first encapsulation layer 1013 may specifically be a thin film encapsulation (TFE) layer, which uses an ultra-thin film to seal the OLED material to protect the OLED material from external moisture and oxygen erosion, and plays the role of an encapsulation material.

[0098] When the display module 101 is an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display module, the padding layer 106 can be formed on the first encapsulation layer 1013 of the display module 101. The specific process can be selected according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0099] In order to further improve the display brightness of the display screen and reduce power consumption, the light emitted by the pixel unit can be converged. Specifically, the light-transmitting cushion layer can be a microlens array (MLA) layer. In a specific example, the microlens array layer can be composed of a high refractive index material and a low refractive index material. Specifically, in the above 306, "before forming the light-transmitting material layer, forming a light-transmitting cushion layer on the light-emitting side of the display module" can be implemented by the following steps:

[0100] 3061. Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, form a low-refractive-index material sublayer on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0101] 3062. Image the low refractive index material sublayer to form a plurality of first openings arranged in an array in the low refractive index material sublayer.

[0102] The plurality of first openings correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; and the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate.

[0103] 3063. Form a high refractive index material sublayer on the patterned low refractive index material sublayer.

[0104] The light-transmitting cushion layer 106 is composed of a patterned low-refractive-index material sublayer and a patterned high-refractive-index material sublayer.

[0105] In the above 3061 , specifically, a low refractive index material sub-layer is formed on the first encapsulation layer 1013 of the display module 101 .

[0106] In the above 3062, the existing patterning process can be used to pattern the low refractive index material sublayer. In one example, the low refractive index material sublayer can be etched by a photolithography process to form a plurality of first openings arranged in an array in the low refractive index material sublayer. The plurality of first openings correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate. In one example, the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate completely overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate.

[0107] In the above 3063 , a high refractive index material sub-layer 1062 is formed on the patterned low refractive index material sub-layer 1061 .

[0108] In one example, the substrate 1011 is a flexible substrate; the method further includes:

[0109] 307. Form the display module on a glass carrier.

[0110] Wherein, the flexible substrate is located on the glass substrate.

[0111] 308. After the layers required for the privacy protection display screen are prepared, a peeling process is used to peel off the peeling carrier to expose the flexible substrate.

[0112] In the above 307, if Figure 7 As shown, the display module 101 is formed on the glass carrier 400. Specifically, a flexible substrate 1011 is formed on the glass substrate 400, and a thin film transistor (TFT) layer is formed on the flexible substrate 1011; wherein each pixel unit 1012 on the anti-peeping display screen 10 is driven by a thin film transistor integrated under the pixel unit; a pixel definition layer (PDL) 1015 is formed on the thin film transistor layer 1014; pixel units (i.e., organic light emitting diodes) are prepared in multiple light emitting areas defined by the PDL layer to obtain multiple pixel units 1012 arranged in an array; and a first encapsulation layer 1013 covering the multiple pixel units 1012 is prepared.

[0113] In this embodiment, each pixel unit on the anti-peeping display screen is driven by a thin film transistor integrated under the pixel unit, thereby realizing active driving.

[0114] To increase the display brightness of the display, Figure 6As shown, the first electrode 110 corresponding to the pixel unit 1012 is a reflective electrode (RE). The first electrode 110 is located on the back side of the pixel unit 1012. The back side of the pixel unit is arranged opposite to the light-emitting surface of the pixel unit. The reflective electrode can reflect the light emitted from the back side of the pixel unit to the light-emitting surface of the pixel unit, thereby increasing the display brightness of the display screen.

[0115] In the above 308 , the peeling carrier can be peeled off by using a peeling process, thereby exposing the flexible substrate.

[0116] In order to improve the anti-peeping display screen with touch function, the above method may further include:

[0117] 309. After the electrochromic layer is formed, a second encapsulation layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module.

[0118] 310. Form a touch layer on the second packaging layer.

[0119] In the above 309 , specifically, a second encapsulation layer 107 may be formed on the second light-transmitting conductive layer to encapsulate the layer below it.

[0120] In the above 310 , a touch panel (TP) layer is formed on the second encapsulation layer 107 . The touch panel layer may also be referred to as a TOE (TP On Encapsulation) layer.

[0121] The touch layer is a capacitor device, and the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104, the electrochromic layer 102 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 also form a capacitor device. Figure 4 As shown, the electrochromic layer 102 is located below the touch layer 108 , so that the capacitance structure formed by the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 , the electrochromic layer 102 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 can be prevented from affecting the touch control of the touch layer.

[0122] In practical applications, such as Figure 4 As shown, after the touch layer 108 is formed, a cover glass (CG) 110 may be adhered to the touch layer 108 through a light-transmitting adhesive layer 109, such as an optically clear adhesive (OCA).

[0123] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic anti-peeping structure is arranged on the light-emitting layer (that is, the layer where the plurality of pixel units 1012 are located) and below the touch layer, thereby achieving four-sided anti-peeping and avoiding interference with the touch layer. The light-emitting layer may be an electroluminescence layer (EL).

[0124] It should be noted that the display module 101 may be an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display module in addition to the OLED display module. When the display module 101 is an LCD display module, a cushioning layer 106 may be formed on the first cover plate of the LCD display module.

[0125] In summary, the preparation method provided in the embodiments of the present application can prepare an in-cell active anti-peeping display screen with good anti-peeping effect.

[0126] The following will be combined Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 as well as Fig.11 The preparation method provided in the examples of the present application is introduced as an example:

[0127] After the TFT layer 1014, the PLD layer 1015, the plurality of pixel units 1012 and the TFE layer 1013 are completed on the OLED panel composed of the CPI flexible substrate and the glass carrier, the following steps are performed:

[0128] Step 1: Print high refractive index material and low refractive index material on the TFT layer 1013 to obtain a padding layer 106 .

[0129] After step 1, we get Figure 7 The structure shown.

[0130] Step 2: Deposit the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 on the padding layer 106 by using a PVD process, a coater or an IJP (Inkjet Printer); and then fabricate a plurality of light-transmitting island structures 103 arranged in an array on the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 .

[0131] After step 2, we get Figure 8 The structure shown.

[0132] Step 3: coating the electrochromic material by IJP equipment or PHOTO line equipment, and then leveling and curing to obtain the electrochromic layer 102 .

[0133] After step 3, we get Fig. 9 The structure shown.

[0134] Step 4: Deposit the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 on the padding layer 106 by using a PVD process, a coater or an IJP (Inkjet Printer).

[0135] After step 4, we get Fig.10 The structure shown.

[0136] Step 5: Finally, the second TFE layer 107 , the TOE layer 108 , the OCA layer 109 and the CG layer 110 are completed.

[0137] After step 5, we get Fig.11 The structure shown.

[0138] After the above step 5, the Fig.11 The glass carrier plate 400 in the embodiment is peeled off to obtain Figure 4 The final privacy display screen 10 is shown.

[0139] On this basis, an embodiment of the present application further provides an anti-peeping method, which is applied to the electronic device 1 having the anti-peeping display screen 10 as described above. Fig.12 This is a flowchart of the steps of the anti-peeping method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 As shown, the anti-peeping methods include:

[0140] 401. Receive an anti-peeping trigger instruction.

[0141] 402. According to the anti-peeping trigger instruction, control the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer of the anti-peeping display screen to change the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer.

[0142] In the above 401, the electronic device 1 receives an anti-peeping trigger instruction. Exemplarily, the anti-peeping trigger instruction can be received by a controller set in the electronic device 1. In practical applications, under normal circumstances, the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 can be in an unpowered state, the electrochromic layer 102 is in a light-transmitting state, and the anti-peeping display screen 10 is in a shared display state. When the anti-peeping trigger instruction is received, the controller controls the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 to be powered on, the electrochromic layer 102 is changed to an opaque state, and the anti-peeping display screen 10 is switched to an anti-peeping display state.

[0143] Exemplarily, the controller may be a chip such as a driver chip or a power chip in the electronic device 1, and the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 are electrically connected to the chip. Alternatively, a controller may be specially provided to control the power-on state of the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105.

[0144] In the above 402, according to the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the voltage between the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 of the anti-peeping display screen is controlled so that the electrochromic layer in the anti-peeping layer is in an opaque state.

[0145] After receiving the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the controller in the electronic device 1 controls the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 to be energized according to the anti-peeping trigger instruction to form an electric field in the electrochromic layer 102, and controls the voltage between the first light-transmitting conductive layer 104 and the second light-transmitting conductive layer 105 to change the electrochromic layer 102 from a light-transmitting state to an opaque state, so that the anti-peeping display screen 10 switches to the anti-peeping display state.

[0146] The anti-peeping method provided in the present application is applied to an electronic device with an anti-peeping display screen, wherein the electronic device receives an anti-peeping trigger instruction and controls the light-transmitting state of the anti-peeping layer in the anti-peeping display screen according to the received anti-peeping trigger instruction. After receiving the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer is controlled, and the voltage causes the electrochromic layer to change from a light-transmitting state to an opaque state, and the anti-peeping layer absorbs or reflects the large-angle light emitted by the pixel and propagating toward the periphery of the anti-peeping display screen, so that the anti-peeping display screen switches to the anti-peeping display state.

[0147] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0148] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-peeping display screen, characterized in that: include: forming a light-transmitting material layer on the light-emitting side of the display module; The display module includes a substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array on the substrate; The light-transmitting material layer is patterned to form a plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array on the light-emitting side of the display module; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures correspond one-to-one to the plurality of pixel units; The orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure on the substrate coincides with the orthographic projection of its corresponding pixel unit on the substrate; Electrochromic materials are filled in gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array to form an electrochromic layer; the plurality of light-transmitting island structures are located in the electrochromic layer; and the electrochromic layer changes light transmittance in response to a voltage applied thereto.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, forming a first light-transmitting conductive layer on the light-emitting side of the display module; The light-transmitting material layer is formed on the first light-transmitting conductive layer; forming a second light-transmitting conductive layer on the electrochromic layer; The electrochromic layer changes light transmittance in response to a voltage between the first light-transmitting conductive layer and the second light-transmitting conductive layer.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that When the first light-transmitting conductive layer serves as an anode, the electrochromic material is an anode electrochromic material; When the first light-transmitting conductive layer serves as a cathode, the electrochromic material is a cathode electrochromic material.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The orthographic projection of the light-transmitting island structure on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of its corresponding pixel unit on the substrate.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Also includes: Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, a light-transmitting cushioning layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The numerical relationship between the thickness of the light-transmitting cushion layer and the pixel width of the pixel unit is determined by a preset anti-peeping angle.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, a light-transmitting cushioning layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module, including: Before forming the light-transmitting material layer, forming a low-refractive-index material sublayer on the light-emitting side of the display module; The low refractive index material sublayer is imaged to form a plurality of first openings arranged in an array in the low refractive index material sublayer; the plurality of first openings correspond to the plurality of pixel units one by one; and the orthographic projection of the first opening on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding pixel unit on the substrate; A high refractive index material sublayer is formed on the patterned low refractive index material sublayer; and the light-transmitting cushioning layer is composed of the patterned low refractive index material sublayer and the high refractive index material sublayer.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The display module is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display module; The OLED display module further includes: a first encapsulation layer covering the plurality of pixel units.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The substrate is a flexible substrate; the method further includes: The display module is formed on a glass substrate; the flexible substrate is located on the glass substrate; After the layers required for the privacy protection display screen are prepared, the peeling carrier is peeled off by a peeling process to expose the flexible substrate.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Filling the gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array with an electrochromic material comprises: The gaps between the plurality of light-transmitting island structures arranged in an array are filled with electrochromic material by coating or printing.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Also includes: After the electrochromic layer is formed, a second encapsulation layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display module; A touch control layer is formed on the second encapsulation layer.

12. An anti-peeping display screen, characterized in that: The anti-peeping display screen is made by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A housing and the anti-peeping display screen as claimed in claim 12; The anti-peeping display screen is installed on the housing.

14. A method for preventing peeping, characterized in that: Applicable to the electronic device described in claim 13; the method comprises: Receive anti-peeping trigger instructions; According to the anti-peeping trigger instruction, the voltage applied to the electrochromic layer of the anti-peeping display screen is controlled to change the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer.

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