Optical detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical detection, and provides a relative spectral responsivity adjustable optical detector and a use method thereof, the detector comprises an acquisition module, a dispersion module, an adjustment module, a collection module and a detection module which are sequentially arranged along an optical path; the acquisition module is used for acquiring incident light and converting the incident light into divergent, converged or parallel light beams; the dispersion module is used for carrying out dispersion on the light beams output by the acquisition module and carrying out spatial separation on the multi-color light beams according to wavelengths to form dispersion light bands; the adjusting module can dynamically adjust the reflectivity or transmittance of the region corresponding to each wavelength; the collection module is used for converging the adjusted dispersion light band again and transmitting the dispersion light band to the detection module; the detection module is used for receiving the converged light beams and converting the light beams into electric signals. According to the optical detector with the adjustable relative spectral responsivity, by introducing the dispersion module and the adjusting module, light intensity distribution modulation of a dispersion light band is achieved, and the relative spectral responsivity of the detector can be adjusted according to needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical detection technology, and in particular to a light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] In the field of optical detection technology, the performance of photodetectors is crucial for various applications, such as spectral analysis, optical communications, environmental monitoring, etc. Traditional photodetectors are usually designed to have a fixed responsivity to light in a specific wavelength range, which limits their application in simulating detectors with different spectral responses to characterize the detected optical information.

[0003] In order to meet the demand for adjusting the spectral responsivity, researchers have been exploring the design of new photodetectors. A common method is to change the relative spectral responsivity of the detector by using one or more filters. However, these methods can usually only achieve adjustment within a limited range, with poor spectral matching and inflexible operation, making it difficult to accurately and quickly simulate different types of photodetectors. For example, different visual cells in the eyes of different animals have different spectral response characteristics. With a photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity, different visual systems can be simulated better and faster, and different brightness and chromaticity observation effects can be quantitatively and accurately analyzed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity and a method for using the same, which are used to solve the problems of poor spectral matching and inflexible operation in existing photodetectors, and difficulty in accurately and quickly simulating different types of photodetectors.

[0005] The present invention provides a photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity, comprising: An acquisition module, a dispersion module, an adjustment module, a collection module and a detection module are sequentially arranged along the optical path; The collection module is used to collect incident light and convert the incident light into a convergent, divergent or parallel light beam output; The dispersion module is used to disperse the output light beam of the acquisition module, and separate the complex light beam into dispersed light bands according to wavelength space; The adjustment module adjusts the light intensity distribution of the dispersion light band by adjusting the reflectivity or transmittance of the area corresponding to each wavelength, thereby obtaining a specific relative spectral responsivity; The collection module is used to re-converge the adjusted dispersed light band and transmit it to the detection module; The detection module is used to receive the converged light beam and convert it into an electrical signal.

[0006] According to a relative spectral responsivity adjustable light detector provided by the present invention, the acquisition module comprises: a first light guiding mechanism; The first light guiding mechanism can be blank, or at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle, and can be combined with optical components such as filters, polarizers, shutters, and choppers.

[0007] According to a relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector provided by the present invention, the dispersion module comprises: a dispersion element; The dispersive element comprises at least one of a prism, a grating, a metamaterial, or a metastructure; The metamaterial is composed of an arrangement of structural units with gradient refractive index; the superstructure includes a photonic crystal or a surface plasmon resonance array.

[0008] According to a light detector with adjustable relative spectral response provided by the present invention, an iris is included in the acquisition module or the dispersion module, and the iris includes: at least two shading plates that can slide or rotate relative to each other, so that the spacing between the shading plates can be adjusted by moving or rotating the shading plates.

[0009] According to a relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector provided by the present invention, the adjustment module includes at least one of a digitally adjustable micromirror array and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator; Wherein, the digitally adjustable micromirror array comprises: A micromirror substrate is provided with a plurality of micromirror units; A driving mechanism, comprising: driving electrodes corresponding to each of the micromirror units one by one, embedded in the micromirror substrate; A bias electrode is arranged in parallel above the micromirror unit and forms an electric field space with the driving electrode; A micromirror hinge structure, connecting the micromirror unit and the micromirror substrate, allowing the micromirror unit to deflect around an axis; A control unit, which independently controls the voltage of each of the driving electrodes through a pulse width modulation signal; The liquid crystal spatial light modulator comprises: A liquid crystal unit array, comprising a plurality of liquid crystal pixels; Each LCD pixel consists of: The first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are arranged spaced apart from each other; a liquid crystal layer, filling the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode; The driving circuit applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

[0010] According to a relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector provided by the present invention, when the adjustment module includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a polarizer is provided in the preceding light path.

[0011] According to a relative spectral responsivity adjustable light detector provided by the present invention, the collection module comprises: a second light guiding mechanism; The second light guiding mechanism may be blank, or may be at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflecting mirror, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle.

[0012] According to a light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention, the detection module includes at least one of a single planar photodetector, a trap detector composed of multiple planar photodetectors, and a pyroelectric detector, and can be used in combination with a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate, and an integrating sphere.

[0013] According to a photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention, the photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity further comprises: The filter has a wavelength selective transmission characteristic and is arranged in the optical path along the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the adjustment module, the collection module and the detection module.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity, comprising: Obtaining the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, and the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module; Normalize the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module to obtain an efficiency value; Adjust the adjustment module and obtain an adjustable relative spectral responsivity according to the efficiency value; According to the adjustable relative spectral responsivity, the light is sequentially passed through the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the adjustment module, the collection module and the detection module to obtain the electrical signal output of the light beam under the relative spectral responsivity.

[0015] The relative spectral responsivity adjustable optical detector provided by the present invention realizes modulation of the light intensity distribution of the dispersion light band by introducing a dispersion module and an adjustment module, so that the relative spectral responsivity of the detector can be adjusted as needed. This method not only improves the flexibility and applicability of the optical detector, but also provides a new technical solution for the fields of spectral analysis, optical communication, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the normalization processing of transmission efficiency provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the normalization processing of transmission efficiency provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the regulating module provided by the present invention being adjusted to full pass.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the regulating module provided by the present invention being adjusted to be fully closed.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the regulation module provided by the present invention being regulated to be partially through-dynamically adjustable.

[0024] Figure 8 This is one of the schematic diagrams provided by the present invention for separately regulating the light field according to the spectrum.

[0025] Fig. 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the present invention for separately regulating the light field according to the spectrum.

[0026] Fig.10 This is the third schematic diagram of the present invention for regulating the light field after separating the light field according to the spectrum.

[0027] Fig.11 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the present invention for regulating the light field after separating the light field according to the spectrum.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a flow chart of a method for using the light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Collection module; 11. First light guide mechanism; 12. Aperture; 2. dispersion module; 21. dispersion element; 22. third reflection mechanism; 23. fourth reflection mechanism; 3. Adjustment module; 4. Collection module; 41. Second light guide mechanism; 5. Detection module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention provides a light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the relative spectral response adjustable light detector includes: a collection module 1, a dispersion module 2, an adjustment module 3, a collection module 4 and a detection module 5 which are arranged in sequence along the optical path; the collection module 1 is used to collect incident light and convert the incident light into a convergent, divergent or parallel light beam output; the dispersion module 2 is used to disperse the light beam output by the collection module 1, and separate the complex light beam into dispersed light bands according to the wavelength space; the adjustment module 3 adjusts the light intensity distribution of the dispersed light band by adjusting the reflectivity or transmittance of the area corresponding to each wavelength, so as to obtain a specific relative spectral response; the collection module 4 is used to re-converge the adjusted dispersed light band and transmit it to the detection module 5; the detection module 5 is used to receive the converged light beam and convert it into an electrical signal.

[0032] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 1 collects the incident light, whether it is natural light, artificial light source or other forms of light radiation, and converts it into a convergent, divergent or parallel light beam. The dispersion module 2 disperses the parallel light beam, that is, separates it according to the wavelength of the light. For example, the dispersion module 2 can use a dispersion element 21, such as a prism or a grating. The prism uses the different refractive indices of light of different wavelengths in the medium to separate the light, while the grating achieves dispersion through the diffraction phenomenon of light. After dispersion, the complex parallel light beam is decomposed into dispersed light bands separated by wavelength space. The adjustment module 3 dynamically adjusts the reflectivity or transmittance of the corresponding area of ​​each wavelength to modulate the light intensity distribution of the dispersed light band. The collection module 4 reconverges the modulated monochromatic light and reflects it to the detection module 5. The detection module 5 receives the converged light beam and converts it into an electrical signal.

[0033] When the incident light is irradiated on the acquisition module 1, the acquisition module 1 converts the incident light into a convergent, divergent or parallel light beam using a lens group or a collimator. After the light beam enters the dispersion module 2, the dispersion element 21 (such as a prism or a grating) separates it according to the wavelength of the light. Under the action of the dispersion element 21, light of different wavelengths is emitted at different angles to form dispersed light bands separated by wavelength space. The dispersed dispersed light bands enter the adjustment module 3 after dispersion. The adjustment module 3 modulates the light intensity distribution of the dispersed light band by dynamically adjusting the reflectivity or transmittance of the corresponding area of ​​each wavelength. The adjustment module 3 may use programmable optical filters, liquid crystal modulators or MEMS technology to attenuate or enhance light of a specific wavelength. This process is carried out according to the user's needs or a preset algorithm to achieve the purpose of adjusting the relative spectral responsivity.

[0034] Then, the modulated dispersed light band enters the collection module 4. The collection module 4 uses a reflector or a lens group to re-converge the modulated monochromatic light and reflect it to the detection module 5. The converged light beam has a high energy density and directionality, which facilitates the detection module 5 to perform efficient photoelectric conversion. The converged light beam is irradiated onto the detection module 5, and the photoelectric conversion device (such as a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, etc.) in the detection module 5 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The converted electrical signal can be further analyzed and processed by the subsequent processing circuit or computer system to obtain the required spectral information or perform other applications.

[0035] In this embodiment, the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, and the collection module 4 and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module 5 are obtained. Figure 2 As shown, the spectral detection efficiency of the acquisition module 1 is , the spectral detection efficiency of dispersion module 2 is , the spectral transmission efficiency of the collection module 4 is , and the spectral detection efficiency of detection module 5 .

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the collection module 4 and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module 5 are normalized to obtain the efficiency value.

[0037] For example, after normalization, we get , is the efficiency value obtained after normalization.

[0038] At this time, the adjustment module 3 is adjusted and the adjustable spectral responsivity is obtained according to the efficiency value. Figure 4 As shown, after adjusting the adjustment module 3, the spectral detection efficiency of the adjustment module 3 is The adjustable spectral responsivity R(λ) = × .

[0039] Finally, according to the adjustable spectral responsivity, the light is passed through the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the adjustment module 3, the collection module 4 and the detection module 5 in sequence, and a light beam with adjusted spectral responsivity can be obtained to obtain the electrical signal output of the light beam under the relative spectral responsivity.

[0040] The relative spectral responsivity adjustable optical detector provided by the present invention realizes modulation of the light intensity distribution of the dispersion light band by introducing the dispersion module 2 and the adjustment module 3, so that the spectral responsivity of the detector can be adjusted as needed. This method not only improves the flexibility and applicability of the optical detector, but also provides a new technical solution for the fields of spectral analysis, optical communication, etc.

[0041] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the acquisition module 1 includes: a first light guiding mechanism 11; the first light guiding mechanism 11 can be blank, or at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle, and can be combined with optical components such as filters, polarizers, shutters, and choppers.

[0042] In some cases, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may not require additional optical elements, but directly utilizes space or structure to guide light.

[0043] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may adopt a light transmitting mirror for transmitting light and changing the direction or focusing characteristics of the light.

[0044] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may adopt an imaging lens, which is used to form a clear image of an object and usually includes a combination of multiple lenses to correct aberrations and improve imaging quality.

[0045] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may be a focusing tube, which is a tubular structure for collecting and focusing light and is commonly used in optical instruments such as microscopes.

[0046] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may adopt a reflector to change the direction of light by reflection, and may be a plane mirror, a concave mirror or a convex mirror.

[0047] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may adopt a diffuse reflection plate for evenly scattering light, which is often used in lighting systems or optical tests.

[0048] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may adopt an integrating sphere, which is a device used to measure the radiation characteristics of a light source and is coated with a highly reflective material to ensure that the light is reflected multiple times in the sphere and is evenly distributed.

[0049] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may also adopt optical fiber, which is a thin and long fiber used to transmit optical signals, and can transmit light from one place to another while maintaining the intensity and directionality of the light.

[0050] As required, the first light guiding mechanism 11 may also adopt an optical fiber bundle, which is a collection of multiple optical fibers and can transmit multiple optical signals, and is often used in imaging or spectral analysis.

[0051] In addition, the first light-guiding mechanism 11 can also be combined with the following optical components. For example, a filter: used to selectively transmit or reflect light of a specific wavelength. A polarizer: only allows light vibrating in a specific direction to pass through, often used to control the polarization state of light. A shutter: used to quickly open or close the light path to control the on and off of light. A chopper: a device that periodically blocks light, often used to modulate optical signals or perform time-resolved measurements.

[0052] By flexibly selecting and combining these optical components, the acquisition module 1 can adapt to different incident light conditions and application requirements, ensuring that the light enters the subsequent dispersion, adjustment, collection and detection processes in the best state.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the dispersion module 2 includes: a dispersion element 21; the dispersion element 21 includes at least one of a prism, a grating, a metamaterial or a superstructure; the metamaterial is composed of an arrangement of structural units with a gradient refractive index; and the superstructure includes a photonic crystal or a surface plasmon resonance array.

[0054] In this embodiment, the prism refracts the incident light into light of different angles through refraction and reflection, thereby achieving light separation. In a spectral instrument, a prism is often used as a dispersion element 21 to decompose composite light into a spectrum.

[0055] A grating is a planar periodic structure that can reflect and scatter electromagnetic waves. Its dispersion principle is mainly the diffraction of light. Under the periodic structure of a diffraction grating, the composite light incident on the grating is diffracted on the grating surface, thereby decomposing the composite light into light of different wavelengths.

[0056] Metamaterials are composed of structural units with gradient refractive index. Metamaterials can control electromagnetic waves, including dispersion control, through their special structural unit arrangement.

[0057] Superstructures include photonic crystals or surface plasmon resonance arrays, etc. Superstructures can control and disperse electromagnetic waves through their special optical properties.

[0058] In this embodiment, in addition to the dispersive element 21, the dispersive module 2 is further provided with a third reflecting mechanism 22 and a fourth reflecting mechanism 23. The third reflecting mechanism 22 is arranged between the acquisition module 1 and the dispersive element 21, and is used to accurately reflect the light beam emitted by the acquisition module 1 to the dispersive element 21. The fourth reflecting mechanism 23 is arranged between the dispersive element 21 and the adjustment module 3, and is used to reflect the dispersed monochromatic light to the adjustment module 3.

[0059] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 1 or the dispersion module 2 includes an aperture 12, and the aperture 12 includes: at least two shading plates that can slide or rotate relative to each other, so that the spacing between the shading plates can be adjusted by moving or rotating the shading plates.

[0060] In this embodiment, the aperture 12 is disposed at the light path exit side of the first light guiding mechanism 11 , and a slit or a circular hole is provided on the aperture 12 to limit the size of the incident light beam.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first light guide mechanism 11 is responsible for reflecting or scattering the incident light so as to guide the light to the aperture 12. The first light guide mechanism 11 can use a reflector as required, which has high reflectivity and can accurately control the direction of light, and is suitable for scenes requiring high-precision optical path adjustment.

[0062] The light reflected or scattered by the aperture 12 passes through the aperture 12. The aperture 12 limits the size of the incident light beam through a slit or a circular hole, thereby controlling the amount of light entering the subsequent optical system or detector. The size and shape of the slit or circular hole can be adjusted according to specific application requirements to achieve the best beam limiting effect.

[0063] It should be noted that the aperture 12 is designed to be adjustable, and the size of its light aperture (such as a slit or a circular hole) can be adjusted as needed.

[0064] This adjustability is usually achieved through a mechanical structure, for example, the aperture 12 includes at least two shading plates that can slide or rotate relative to each other, so that the size of the slit or circular hole can be adjusted by moving or rotating the shading plates. The movement or rotation of the shading plates can be achieved by manual adjustment, electric drive or computer control.

[0065] In some embodiments, the adjustment module 3 dynamically adjusts the reflectivity or transmittance of the region corresponding to each wavelength to achieve light intensity distribution modulation of the dispersed light band, thereby adjusting the relative spectral responsivity.

[0066] When the adjustment module 3 is adjusted to full pass, Figure 5 As shown, the reflectivity or transmittance of the region corresponding to each wavelength is set to allow the light to pass through almost unimpeded. After the light passes through the adjustment module 3, its light intensity distribution and spectral characteristics remain substantially unchanged.

[0067] When the regulating module 3 is adjusted to fully closed, Figure 6 As shown, the reflectivity or transmittance of the region corresponding to each wavelength is set to block the light to the greatest extent. Therefore, when the light tries to pass through the adjustment module 3, it will be mostly or completely absorbed or reflected, making it almost impossible for the light to pass through.

[0068] In the adjustment module 3, it is adjusted to be partially through-dynamically adjustable, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the reflectivity or transmittance of each wavelength corresponding area is set to a value between full pass and full shutoff. This setting allows light to pass through the adjustment module 3 in a specific way, thereby achieving precise modulation of light intensity distribution and spectral responsivity. According to specific application requirements, the adjustment module 3 can dynamically adjust these reflectivity or transmittance values ​​to adapt to different light conditions or achieve specific optical effects. Fig.10 and Fig.11 shown.

[0069] The adjustment module 3 includes at least one of a digitally adjustable micromirror array and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator.

[0070] In this embodiment, the digitally adjustable micromirror array includes: a micromirror substrate, which is provided with a plurality of micromirror units; a driving mechanism, which includes: driving electrodes corresponding to each micromirror unit one by one and embedded in the micromirror substrate; bias electrodes, which are arranged in parallel above the micromirror unit and form an electric field space with the driving electrodes; a micromirror hinge structure, which connects the micromirror unit and the micromirror substrate and allows the micromirror unit to deflect around an axis; and a control unit, which independently controls the voltage of each driving electrode through a pulse width modulation signal.

[0071] Specifically, the micromirror substrate is the basic structure of the digitally adjustable micromirror array, on which a plurality of micromirror units are arranged. The micromirror units are tiny mirrors that reflect light and their deflection angles can be independently controlled.

[0072] The driving mechanism includes driving electrodes corresponding to each micromirror unit, and these electrodes are embedded in the micromirror substrate. The bias electrode is arranged in parallel above the micromirror unit, and forms an electric field space together with the driving electrode. When a voltage is applied to the driving electrode, the electric field formed with the bias electrode causes the micromirror unit to be affected by the electric field force, thereby causing deflection.

[0073] The micromirror hinge structure connects the micromirror unit and the micromirror substrate, allowing the micromirror unit to deflect around the axis. The control unit independently controls the voltage of each drive electrode through a pulse width modulation signal. The pulse width modulation signal is a digital signal that controls the voltage by changing the duty cycle of the signal, thereby achieving precise control of the deflection angle of the micromirror unit.

[0074] The liquid crystal spatial light modulator includes: a liquid crystal unit array, including a plurality of liquid crystal pixels; each liquid crystal pixel includes: a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode, which are arranged at intervals; a liquid crystal layer, which is filled with the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode; and a driving circuit, which applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

[0075] Specifically, the liquid crystal unit array is provided with a plurality of liquid crystal pixels, and each liquid crystal pixel can independently control its optical properties. The liquid crystal pixel is the basic unit of the liquid crystal spatial light modulator, which is responsible for modulating the light passing through it. Each liquid crystal pixel includes a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode, which are arranged at intervals from each other. The liquid crystal layer is filled between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode. The driving circuit applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. When the voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules changes, thereby changing the optical properties of the liquid crystal pixel.

[0076] It should be noted that when the adjustment module 3 includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a polarizer is provided in the previous light path. The polarizer only allows light vibrating in a specific direction to pass through, and is often used to control the polarization state of light.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the collecting module 4 includes: a second light guiding mechanism 41; the second light guiding mechanism 41 can be blank, or at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflecting mirror, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle.

[0078] The collecting module 4 is used to collect the dispersed light bands modulated by the regulating module 3 and ensure that these lights can be effectively received by the subsequent optical system or detector.

[0079] When the second light guide mechanism 41 uses a reflector, the reflector can reflect the incident light at a specific angle. In the collection module 4, the reflector is used to reflect the dispersed light band to a specific direction or position so that the subsequent optical system or detector can receive light of sufficient intensity.

[0080] When the second light guide mechanism 41 adopts a diffuse reflection plate, the diffuse reflection plate is an optical element with a rough surface, which can evenly reflect the incident light in all directions. In the collection module 4, the diffuse reflection plate can be used to evenly distribute the dispersed light band in a larger area, thereby reducing the concentration of light and avoiding excessive local light intensity.

[0081] When the second light guide mechanism 41 adopts an integrating sphere, the incident light can be reflected multiple times inside it, thereby achieving uniform distribution of light. In the collection module 4, the integrating sphere can be used to evenly distribute the dispersed light band inside it, thereby providing a uniform lighting environment, ensuring that the subsequent optical system or detector can receive a stable and uniform light signal.

[0082] In some embodiments, the detection module 5 includes: a plurality of photoelectric detector units, the photoelectric detector units are arranged in groups according to preset spectral response bands, and each photoelectric detector unit corresponds to a different wavelength range.

[0083] Specifically, the main task of the detection module 5 is to receive and convert the optical signal from the collection module 4 into an electrical signal. These optical signals contain light of different wavelengths, and the detection module 5 needs to be able to accurately distinguish and measure the light intensity of these different wavelengths. The photodetector units are grouped and arranged according to preset spectral response bands. According to the response characteristics of the photodetector units to a specific wavelength range, coverage of a specific spectral range is formed. This grouping arrangement allows the detection module 5 to measure the light intensity of multiple different wavelengths at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of spectral analysis. By selecting photodetector units with different spectral response characteristics and arranging them in groups according to wavelength ranges, the detection module 5 can achieve accurate measurement of a wide spectral range.

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the relative spectral responsivity adjustable light detector also includes: a filter having a wavelength selective transmission characteristic, which is arranged in the light path along the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the adjustment module 3, the collection module 4 and the detection module 5.

[0085] In this embodiment, the filter allows light of a specific wavelength to pass through, while blocking or reflecting light of other wavelengths. This characteristic makes the filter a key component for controlling the spectral response of the light detector. By placing the filter in the light path between the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the adjustment module 3, the collection module 4 and the detection module 5, the wavelength range of the light reaching the detection module 5 can be accurately controlled.

[0086] By selecting a suitable filter, it is possible to ensure that only light of a specific wavelength reaches the detection module 5, thereby improving the spectral selectivity and accuracy of the detector. The filter can block unwanted stray light and reduce noise interference, thereby enhancing the clarity and reliability of the detection signal. By replacing filters with different characteristics, the spectral response range of the detector can be easily adjusted to adapt it to different application scenarios and needs. In some cases, the filter can also serve as a protective element to block strong light or light of a specific wavelength that may cause damage to the detection module 5.

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using a light detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity, such as Fig.12 As shown, the method of use includes the following steps: Step S1010: Obtain the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, and the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module.

[0088] Step S1020: normalize the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module to obtain an efficiency value.

[0089] Step S1030: adjusting the adjustment module and obtaining an adjustable relative spectral responsivity according to the efficiency value.

[0090] Step S1040: according to the adjustable relative spectral responsivity, the light is sequentially passed through the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the adjustment module, the collection module and the detection module to obtain the electrical signal output of the light beam under the relative spectral responsivity.

[0091] In this embodiment, the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, and the collection module 4 and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module 5 are obtained. The spectral detection efficiency of the acquisition module 1 is The spectral detection efficiency of dispersion module 2 is , It represents the dispersion efficiency of the dispersion module 2 (such as a grating or a prism) for light of different wavelengths. The spectral transmission efficiency of the collection module 4 is , It indicates the transmission efficiency of the collection module 4 (such as a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate or an integrating sphere) for light of different wavelengths.

[0092] The spectral detection efficiency of the detection module 5 is , It represents the detection efficiency of the detection module 5 (such as a photodetector array) for light of different wavelengths.

[0093] The spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the collection module 4 and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module 5 are normalized to obtain a comprehensive efficiency value .

[0094] The normalization process is to eliminate the differences between the efficiencies of different modules so that they can be compared and combined on a unified scale.

[0095] Normalized efficiency value .

[0096] The adjustment module 3 is used to dynamically adjust the spectral response. After adjusting the adjustment module 3, its spectral detection efficiency becomes .

[0097] By normalizing the efficiency value Spectral detection efficiency of adjustment module 3 Multiply them together to get the adjustable spectral responsivity R(λ). R(λ)= × .

[0098] According to the adjustable spectral responsivity R(λ), the light is sequentially passed through the acquisition module 1, the dispersion module 2, the adjustment module 3, the collection module 4 and the detection module 5. After being processed by these modules, a beam with adjusted spectral responsivity can be obtained. The spectral characteristics of this beam will meet the preset spectral responsivity requirements and meet specific application needs.

[0099] The method for using the optical detector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity provided by the present invention introduces a dispersion module 2 and an adjustment module 3, and utilizes the adjustment module 3 to dynamically adjust the reflectivity or transmittance of the area corresponding to each wavelength, thereby realizing modulation of the light intensity distribution of the dispersed light band, thereby being able to adjust the spectral responsivity of the detector as needed.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A relative spectral responsivity adjustable light detector, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, a dispersion module, an adjustment module, a collection module and a detection module are sequentially arranged along the optical path; The collection module is used to collect incident light and convert the incident light into a convergent, divergent or parallel light beam output; The dispersion module is used to disperse the output light beam of the acquisition module, and separate the complex light beam into dispersed light bands according to wavelength space; The adjustment module adjusts the light intensity distribution of the dispersion light band by adjusting the reflectivity or transmittance of the area corresponding to each wavelength, thereby obtaining a specific relative spectral responsivity; The collection module is used to re-converge the adjusted dispersed light band and transmit it to the detection module; The detection module is used to receive the converged light beam and convert it into an electrical signal.

2. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition module comprises: a first light guiding mechanism; The first light guiding mechanism can be blank, or at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle, and can be combined with optical components such as filters, polarizers, shutters, and choppers.

3. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersion module includes: a dispersion element; The dispersive element comprises at least one of a prism, a grating, a metamaterial, or a metastructure; The metamaterial is composed of an arrangement of structural units with gradient refractive index; the superstructure includes a photonic crystal or a surface plasmon resonance array.

4. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition module or the dispersion module includes an aperture, and the aperture includes: at least two shading plates that can slide or rotate relative to each other, so that the spacing between the shading plates can be adjusted by moving or rotating the shading plates.

5. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment module includes at least one of a digitally adjustable micromirror array and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator; Wherein, the digitally adjustable micromirror array comprises: A micromirror substrate is provided with a plurality of micromirror units; A driving mechanism, comprising: driving electrodes corresponding to each of the micromirror units one by one, embedded in the micromirror substrate; A bias electrode is arranged in parallel above the micromirror unit and forms an electric field space with the driving electrode; A micromirror hinge structure, connecting the micromirror unit and the micromirror substrate, allowing the micromirror unit to deflect around an axis; A control unit, which independently controls the voltage of each of the driving electrodes through a pulse width modulation signal; The liquid crystal spatial light modulator comprises: A liquid crystal unit array, comprising a plurality of liquid crystal pixels; Each LCD pixel consists of: The first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are arranged spaced apart from each other; a liquid crystal layer, filling the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode; The driving circuit applies a voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

6. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the adjustment module includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator, a polarizer is arranged in the preceding light path.

7. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection module comprises: a second light guiding mechanism; The second light guiding mechanism may be blank, or may be at least one of a light transmitting mirror, an imaging lens, a focusing tube, a reflecting mirror, a diffuse reflection plate, an integrating sphere, an optical fiber, and an optical fiber bundle.

8. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module includes at least one of a single planar photodetector, a trap detector composed of multiple planar photodetectors, and a pyroelectric detector, and can be used in combination with a reflector, a diffuse reflection plate, and an integrating sphere.

9. The relative spectral responsivity adjustable photodetector according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The relative spectral responsivity adjustable light detector further comprises: The filter has a wavelength selective transmission characteristic and is arranged in the optical path along the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the adjustment module, the collection module and the detection module.

10. A method for using the photodetector with adjustable relative spectral responsivity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, and the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module; Normalize the spectral transmission efficiency of the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the collection module, and the spectral detection efficiency of the detection module to obtain an efficiency value; Adjust the adjustment module and obtain an adjustable relative spectral responsivity according to the efficiency value; According to the adjustable relative spectral responsivity, the light is sequentially passed through the acquisition module, the dispersion module, the adjustment module, the collection module and the detection module to obtain the electrical signal output of the light beam under the relative spectral responsivity.

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