Machine and method for picking up, crushing, grinding and returning straw to fields

Abstract

The present invention discloses a straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method, comprising a frame, a three-point suspension device, a picking device, a transmission system, a crushing device, a grinding device, and a rotary tillage device; the picking device completes straw picking, an auger transports the straw from the picking device to the crushing device, the crushing device cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger, and then throws it into the grinding device; the grinding device grinds the crushed straw into powder and then discharges it; the rotary tillage device rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged from the grinding device and returns it to the field. The present invention adopts the method of picking up, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage of straw to realize a straw grinding and returning device, reduces the impact of straw returning to the field on the sowing of subsequent crops, improves the quality of straw returning to the field, and solves the problem of the single function and large straw crushing particle size of traditional straw returning machines on the sowing and growth of subsequent crops. At the same time, the present invention comprises straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage returning devices, has a small crushing particle size and is easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method, which is suitable for realizing the powdering and returning of straw to the field. Background Art

[0002] Returning straw to the field is the primary method for disposing of straw, with significant economic and ecological benefits. However, large amounts of straw are incorporated into the soil, altering the soil aggregate structure and physical properties of the tillage layer. This can lead to problems such as weak rooting of subsequent crops and clogging of furrow openers on tillage machines. To reduce the impact of straw return on the tillage layer, straw return processes have evolved from single processes such as direct pulverization, plowing, rotary tillage, picking and pulverizing, picking and burying in furrows, and whole-stalk return to the field, to combined processes such as pulverization and rotary tillage, dual-shaft rotary tillage, plowing and rotary tillage, rotary tillage and burying, pulverization and burying, pulverization and burying, pulverization and burying in furrows, and pulverization and rotary tillage and burying.

[0003] Straw comminution methods have evolved from direct comminution and spreading to dual-shaft comminution, pick-up and comminution, cutting and comminution, and pick-up and secondary comminution, continuously improving the degree and uniformity of straw comminution. Improving straw comminution is an effective way to eliminate the impact of straw return on tillage characteristics of the topsoil.

[0004] Inspired by the fact that farmers tend to burn straw into ash and return it to the fields in actual production, and based on the theory that the finer the straw is crushed, the better the quality of returning it to the fields, we think of using certain technical means to crush the straw into ash powder particles and then evenly bury it in the soil, which will definitely greatly improve the effect of returning straw to the fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method, which adopts the methods of straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage to realize a straw grinding and returning device, reduce the impact of straw returning to the field on the sowing of subsequent crops, improve the quality of straw returning to the field, and solve the problem of the single function and large straw crushing particle size of traditional straw return machines on the sowing and growth of subsequent crops. At the same time, it includes straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage returning devices, with small crushing particle size and easy operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0007] The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine to the field of the present invention comprises a frame, a three-point suspension device, a picking device, a transmission system, a crushing device, a grinding device and a rotary tillage device; the frame comprises a first support beam, a second support beam, a third support beam, a fourth support beam, a fifth support beam, a discharge port support assembly, a crushing device support assembly, a grinding device support assembly, a first left side plate, a second left side plate, a first right side plate, a second right side plate, a first upper side plate and a second upper side plate; the lower suspension point of the three-point suspension device is welded to the first upper side plate and the first support beam, and the rear traction tube is connected to the third support beam by bolts; the left end of the curtain plate is fixed to the frame, and the right end thereof is fixed to the right side plate, the rear traction tube and the lower suspension point of the three-point suspension device are fixed to the frame and the first upper side plate respectively by bolts, and the transmission system is fixed On the first upper side plate, the picking device is located below the first upper side plate and behind the curtain plate, and the right end of the transmission system passes through the first right side plate; the crushing device is located behind the transmission device and the first upper side plate, and is connected to the second upper side plate, the grinding device is located to the right of the crushing device and above the second upper side plate, and the crushing device and the grinding device are connected by a connecting pipe, the rotary tillage device is located below the second upper side plate and behind the grinding device, and one end passes through the second right side plate; the picking device completes the picking of the straw, the auger transports the straw from the picking device to the crushing device, the crushing device cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger and throws it into the grinding device, the grinding device grinds the crushed straw into powder and discharges it, and the rotary tillage device rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged by the grinding device and returns it to the field.

[0008] Preferably, the picking device includes a main shaft located in the center and four elastic tooth shafts surrounding the main shaft. The left and right ends of the elastic tooth shaft and the main shaft are respectively fixed on the bearing seat, the flange and the shaft head assembly; the left end of the main shaft passes through the reinforcing plate, and its right end passes through the disc cam. The elastic teeth are evenly distributed on the elastic tooth shaft. The shaft head assembly at the right end is equipped with a bearing, which can rotate around the groove in the disc cam. The elastic tooth guards are evenly distributed on the fixing frame. The left end of the fixing frame is welded to the reinforcing plate, and the right end is welded to the first left plate. The reinforcing plate and the disc cam are respectively connected to the first right plate and the first left plate; the elastic teeth can move in the gap between adjacent elastic tooth guards, and the main shaft can drive the elastic tooth shaft and the elastic teeth thereon to rotate in a circle.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing device consists of a cutting part and a crushing part, wherein the cutting knife of the cutting part is connected to the knife holder by bolts, the knife holder is arranged in a circle and welded to the outer reinforcement rib and the inner reinforcement rib, the right end of the cutting sleeve passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcement rib and the rear panel of the cutting bin and is embedded in the disc baffle at the same time, and the whole can rotate around the crushing main shaft in the circumferential direction; the main body of the crushing part is fixed on the disc baffles on the left and right sides by eight movable knife shafts arranged in a circle, the left disc baffle and the crushing main shaft are connected by a key, the left end of the crushing main shaft passes through the front panel of the cutting bin and the flange fixed on the front panel of the cutting bin, and its right end passes through the rear panel of the cutting bin after passing through the cutting spacer; the movable knife is arranged horizontally on the movable knife shaft, and the fixed knife is circumferentially connected to the crushing shell by bolts, and the left and right sides of the crushing shell are respectively connected to the front panel and the rear panel of the cutting bin, and the crushing device as a whole is connected to the crushing device support assembly and the fifth support beam through the crushing shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding device includes a feed port, a left side box, an upper shell, a screen, a right side box, a grinding assembly, a bearing assembly, a lower shell, and a discharge pipe; the feed port is connected to the left side box through bolts, the left side box is connected to the upper shell through a cover plate lug, the right side box and the upper shell are welded, the upper end of the lower shell is connected to the lower end of the upper shell, the left side box, and the right side box, and the discharge pipe is connected to the lower end of the lower shell; the bearing assembly includes a left side baffle, a right side baffle, a bearing seat, a first bearing, and a second bearing. The first bearing and the second bearing cooperate with the bearing seat, and their two ends are axially fixed by the left side baffle and the right side baffle respectively, and the left end of the bearing assembly is connected to the right side box by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding assembly as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw, a dynamic crushing screw, a stirring piece, a grinding spindle, a turntable, and a top cutter. The fixed crushing screw is connected to the left box body through a nut, the dynamic crushing screw and the stirring piece are connected to the left end of the turntable through nuts and bolts respectively, the top cutter and the turntable are fastened to the left end of the grinding spindle through the top nut, and the grinding assembly as a whole is matched with the bearing assembly by the grinding spindle passing through the right box body; the grinding device as a whole is fixed to the grinding device support assembly through the peripheral protrusion at the upper end of the lower shell body, and the lower end of the discharge pipe is fixed to the discharge port support assembly; the left and right ends of the rotary tillage device are respectively fixed to the second left plate and the second right plate through bearing seats.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission system consists of a bevel gear transmission group, a sprocket transmission group and a reduction gear transmission group, the box body of the bevel gear transmission group is fixed on the first upper side plate, the power is transmitted from the input shaft to the first output shaft and the second output shaft after passing through the bevel gear transmission group, the first output shaft is connected to the left end of the universal transmission device, the universal transmission device is located above the second support beam and the third support beam, and the right end of the same is connected to the reduction gear transmission group; the main box body of the reduction gear transmission group is fixed to the first upper side plate by bolts, and the power is transmitted to the crushing device through the reduction gear transmission group and then transmitted by the crushing main shaft, the end of the crushing main shaft is connected to the third pulley, and the third pulley and the fourth pulley are connected by a belt to transmit power, and the fourth belt The wheel is connected to the grinding device through the grinding main shaft; the second output shaft is connected to the first pulley after passing through the first right side plate, and the first pulley and the second pulley are driven by a belt. The second pulley is located on the right side of the first right side plate and is connected to the picking device. After passing through the picking device, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket of the sprocket transmission group, the second sprocket is connected to the first sprocket through a chain, the pinion and the second sprocket are coaxially driven at a constant speed, the large gear and the small gear are meshed for transmission, and the large gear is connected to the auger. The auger is located in the auger screen, and its right end passes through the first right side plate and is connected to the fifth pulley. The fifth pulley and the sixth pulley are powered by a belt. The sixth pulley is located on the right side of the second right side plate and is connected to the rotary tillage device.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable knife and the fixed knife of the crushing device are both serrated knives, and the head of the movable knife is arc-shaped. The cutting part of the crushing device has eight cutting knives.

[0014] Accordingly, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group through the input shaft, it is first transmitted to the first pulley by the second output shaft, and then transmitted to the second pulley through the belt, thereby driving the picking device connected to it to complete the straw picking;

[0016] Step 2: At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket through the picking device, and then transmitted to the second sprocket and the pinion through the chain. The pinion and the second sprocket rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger through the large gear meshing with the pinion. The auger transports the straw from the picking device to the crushing device;

[0017] Step 3: The power of the bevel gear transmission group is also transmitted to the reduction box transmission group through the first output shaft via the universal transmission device, and then transmitted to the crushing device after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device cuts and crushes the straw delivered by the auger and throws it into the grinding device. At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device to the third pulley, and then transmitted to the fourth pulley via the belt. The fourth pulley drives the grinding device to grind the crushed straw into powder for discharge;

[0018] Step 4: The fifth pulley on the auger rotates with the auger and transmits power to the sixth pulley through a belt. The sixth pulley drives the rotary tillage device to till and bury the straw powder discharged by the grinding device and return it to the field.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine and method of the present invention have at least the following advantages and

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention adopts the method of straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage to realize the straw grinding and returning device, which reduces the impact of straw returning on the sowing of subsequent crops, improves the quality of straw returning, and solves the problem that the traditional straw returning machine has a single function and the large straw crushing particle size affects the sowing and growth of subsequent crops. At the same time, it includes a straw picking, crushing, grinding and rotary tillage returning device with small crushing particle size and easy operation.

[0022] 2. The frame of the present invention provides a supporting structure for the entire equipment, and the three-point suspension device is used to connect to the tractor to achieve traction. The picking device collects field straw through rotating spring teeth and sends it to the subsequent processing link. The transmission system is responsible for distributing the power of the tractor to each working part. The cutting part and the crushing part of the crushing device work together to achieve preliminary crushing of the straw. The grinding device further grinds the crushed straw into powder to ensure fine processing. Finally, the rotary tillage device evenly mixes the straw powder into the soil to achieve efficient return to the field, promote rapid decomposition of straw and improvement of soil structure. The invention integrates multiple functional modules, solves the problems of single function and large crushing particle size of traditional straw processing methods, improves the efficiency of straw return to the field, and ensures that the sowing and growth of subsequent crops are not affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the picking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pulverizing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grinding assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present invention.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Frame; 101. First support beam; 102. Second support beam; 103. Third support beam; 104. Fourth support beam; 105. Fifth support beam; 106. Discharge port support assembly; 107. Crushing device support assembly; 108. Grinding device support assembly;

[0033] 11. Pickup device; 1101. Reinforcement plate; 1102. Bearing seat; 1103. Spring tooth shield; 1104. Fixing frame; 1105. Spring tooth; 1106. Disc cam; 1109. Shaft head assembly; 1110. Spring tooth shaft; 1111. Spindle; 1112. Flange;

[0034] 2. Three-point suspension device;

[0035] 3. Transmission system; 31. Bevel gear transmission group; 311. Input shaft; 312. First output shaft; 313. First pulley; 314. Second output shaft; 315. Second pulley; 316. Universal joint; 32. Sprocket transmission group; 321. First sprocket; 322. Pinion; 323. Second sprocket; 324. Gear; 325. Fifth pulley; 326. Sixth pulley; 33. Reducer transmission group; 331. Third pulley; 332. Fourth pulley; 20. Auger;

[0036] 4. Crushing device; 401. Flange; 402. Moving knife; 403. Moving knife shaft; 404. Fixed knife; 405. Crushing shell; 406. Knife holder; 407. Cutting knife; 408. Cutting chamber rear panel; 409. Outer reinforcement rib; 410. Inner reinforcement rib; 411. Cutting spacer; 412. Crushing spindle; 413. Disc baffle; 414. Cutting chamber front panel;

[0037] 5. Connecting pipes;

[0038] 6. Grinding device; 601. Feed inlet; 602. Left side housing; 603. Upper housing; 604. Right side housing; 605. Discharge pipe; 606. Lower housing; 607. Screen retaining ring; 608. Screen; 609. Cover plate lifting lug; 61. Grinding assembly; 611. Fixed crushing screw; 612. Dynamic crushing screw; 613. Agitator; 614. Grinding spindle; 615. Rotating disc; 616. Top cutter; 617. Top nut; 62. Bearing assembly; 621. Left baffle; 622. Bearing seat; 623. Right baffle; 624. Second bearing; 625. First bearing;

[0039] 7. Second upper side panel; 8. Rotary tillage device; 9. Second right side panel; 10. First right side panel; 12. Rear traction tube; 13. Lower suspension point; 14. Curtain plate; 15. First upper side panel; 16. First left side panel; 17. Second left side panel; 18. Auger screen; 19. Support legs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine of the present invention includes a frame 1, a three-point suspension device 2, a picking device 11, a transmission system 3, a crushing device 4, a grinding device 6, and a rotary tillage device 8.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the frame 1 includes a first support beam 101, a second support beam 102, a third support beam 103, a fourth support beam 104, a fifth support beam 105, a discharge port support assembly 106, a crushing device support assembly 107, a grinding device support assembly 108, a first left side plate 16, a second left side plate 17, a first right side plate 10, a second right side plate 9, a first upper side plate 15, and a second upper side plate 7.

[0043] The lower suspension point 13 of the three-point suspension device 2 is welded to the first upper side plate 15 and the first support beam 101, and the rear traction tube 12 is bolted to the third support beam 103. The left ends of the first support beam 101, the second support beam 102, the third support beam 103, and the fourth support beam 104 are all welded to the first left side plate 16. The left end of the fifth support beam 105 is welded to the second left side plate 17. The support leg 19 is located in the front slot of the first support beam 101 and can be adjusted up and down. The rear of the auger screen 18 is connected to the fourth support beam 104, and its bottom is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the grinding device support assembly 108. The front of the crushing device support assembly 107 and the grinding device support assembly 108 are both connected to the fourth support beam 104, and the rear of each is welded to the fifth support beam 105. The discharge port support assembly 106 is welded to the rear of the fifth support beam 105.

[0044] The left end of the curtain plate 14 is fixed to the frame 1, and its right end is fixed to the right side panel. The rear traction tube 12 and the lower suspension point 13 of the three-point hitch 2 are bolted to the frame 1 and the first upper side panel 15, respectively. The transmission system 3 is also fixed to the first upper side panel 15. The pickup device 11 is located below the first upper side panel 15 and behind the curtain plate 14. The right end of the transmission system 3 passes through the first right side panel 10. The crushing device 4 is located behind the transmission device 3 and the first upper side panel 15 and is connected to the second upper side panel 7. The grinding device 6 is located to the right of the crushing device 4 and above the second upper side panel 7. The crushing device 4 and the grinding device 6 are connected by a connecting pipe 5. The rotary tillage device 8 is located below the second upper side panel 7 and behind the grinding device 6, with one end passing through the second right side panel 9. The picking device 11 completes the picking of straw, and the auger 20 transports the straw from the picking device 11 to the crushing device 4. The crushing device 4 cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger 20 and throws it into the grinding device 6. The grinding device 6 grinds the crushed straw into powder and discharges it. The rotary tillage device 8 rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged from the grinding device 6 and returns it to the field.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the picking device 11 includes a main shaft 1111 located in the center, four spring-tooth shafts 1110 surrounding the main shaft 1111, the left ends of the spring-tooth shaft 1110 and the main shaft 1111 are fixed by a bearing seat 1102 and a flange 1112, and the right end is connected to the shaft head assembly 1109. The left end of the main shaft 1111 passes through the reinforcing plate 1101, and the right end passes through the disc cam 1106. The spring teeth 1105 are evenly distributed on the spring-tooth shaft 1110, and the bearing on the shaft head assembly 1109 at the right end is fixed. It can rotate around the groove in the disc cam 1106, and the spring tooth guard 1103 is evenly distributed on the fixed frame 1104. The left end of the fixed frame 1104 is welded to the reinforcing plate 1101, and its right end is welded to the first left side plate 16. The reinforcing plate 1101 and the disc cam 1106 are respectively connected to the first right side plate 10 and the first left side plate 16; the spring tooth 1105 can move in the gap between adjacent spring tooth guards 1103, and the main shaft 1111 can drive the spring tooth shaft 1110 and the spring tooth 1105 thereon to rotate in a circle.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the crushing device 4 consists of a cutting part and a crushing part, wherein the cutting knife 407 of the cutting part is fixed on the knife holder 406, the knife holder 406 is arranged in a circle and welded to the outer reinforcing rib 409 and the inner reinforcing rib 410, the inner reinforcing rib 410 and the outer reinforcing rib 409 are coaxially fixed on the cutting spacer 411, the crushing main shaft 412 and the cutting spacer 411 are matched, the right end of the cutting spacer 411 passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcing rib and the cutting chamber rear panel 408 and is embedded in the disc baffle 413, and the whole can rotate around the crushing main shaft 412 in the circumferential direction; the main body of the crushing part is composed of eight movable knife shafts 403 arranged in a circle and fixed on the disc baffles 413 on the left and right sides, the left disc baffle and the crushing main shaft 412 are fixed on the left and right sides. The crushing spindle 412 is connected via a key, and the fixed blade 404 is circumferentially connected to the crushing housing 405 via bolts. The movable blade 402 is arranged horizontally on the movable blade shaft 403, and the movable blade shaft 403 is fixed on both sides by disc baffles 413. The cutting blade 407, the movable blade 402, and their connecting parts can rotate with the crushing spindle 412. The left end of the crushing spindle 412 passes through the cutting chamber front panel 414 and mates with the flange 401 fixed to the cutting chamber front panel 414. Its right end passes through the cutting spacer 411 and passes through the cutting chamber rear panel 408. The left and right ends of the crushing housing 405 are respectively connected to the cutting chamber front panel 414 and the cutting chamber rear panel 408. The cutting chamber rear panel 408 is provided with an inlet for straw to enter and be cut and crushed. The crushing device 4 is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the fifth support beam 105 through the crushing housing 405.

[0047] The movable knife 402 and the fixed knife 404 are both sawtooth-type knives, and the head of the movable knife 402 is arc-shaped. At the same time, the cutting part of the crushing device 4 has eight cutting knives 407.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the grinding device 6 includes an inlet 601, a left side box 602, an upper shell 603, a screen 608, a right side box 604, a grinding assembly 61, a bearing assembly 62, a lower shell 606, and a discharge pipe 605. The inlet 601 is connected to the left side box 602 by bolts, the left side box 602 is connected to the upper shell 603 by a cover plate lug 609, the right side box 604 is welded to the upper shell 603, the upper end of the lower shell 606 is connected to the lower ends of the upper shell 603, the left side box 602, and the right side box 604, and the discharge pipe 605 is connected to the lower end of the lower shell 606. The bearing assembly 62 includes a left baffle 621, a right baffle 623, a bearing seat 622, a first bearing 625, and a second bearing 624. The first bearing 625 and the second bearing 624 cooperate with the bearing seat 622, and their two ends are axially fixed by the left baffle 621 and the right baffle 623 respectively. The left end of the bearing assembly 62 and the right box body 604 are connected by bolts.

[0049] The grinding assembly 61 as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw 611, a dynamic crushing screw 612, a stirring element 613, a grinding spindle 614, a turntable 615, and a top cutter 616. The fixed crushing screw 611 is connected to the left side of the housing 602 via a nut. The dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring element 613 are connected to the left end of the turntable 615 via nuts and bolts respectively. The top cutter 616 and the turntable 615 are fastened to the left end of the grinding spindle 614 via a top nut 617. The grinding assembly 61 as a whole is composed of the grinding spindle 614 passing through the right side of the housing 604 and mating with the bearing assembly 62. The grinding device 6 is fixed to the grinding device support assembly 108 via the protruding portion of the upper peripheral end of the lower housing 606. The lower end of the discharge pipe 605 is fixed to the discharge port support assembly 106.

[0050] The grinding assembly 61 is located in the center of the screen 608, and its left end passes through the right box 604 and the bearing assembly 62. The two sides of the screen 608 are fastened by the screen fixing ring 607 through screw connection. The screen fixing ring 607 can be stuck in the groove of the left box 602 and the right box 604. The left end of the left box 602 is connected to the feed port 601 by bolts, and its right end is connected to the upper shell 603. The lower end of the upper shell 603 is fitted with the upper end of the lower shell 606, and its right end is connected to the right box 604. The lower end of the right box 604 is fitted with the lower shell 606, and its right end is connected to the bearing assembly 62 by bolts. The inner side of the lower shell 606 is connected to the discharge pipe 605.

[0051] like Figure 6As shown, the dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring piece 613 are fixed on the turntable 615, and the turntable 615 and the top tool 616 are fastened to the grinding main shaft 614 through the top nut 617. The first bearing 625 and the second bearing 624 are respectively fixed in the grooves on both sides of the bearing seat 622. The two ends of the left and right bearings are axially fixed by the left baffle 621 and the right baffle 623. The grinding main shaft 614 can drive the dynamic crushing screw 612 and the stirring piece 613 to rotate in the circumferential gap of the fixed crushing screw 611 to realize the grinding function.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the transmission system 3 consists of a bevel gear transmission group 31, a sprocket transmission group 32 and a reduction gear transmission group 33. The housing of the bevel gear transmission group 31 is fixed on the first upper side plate 15. The power is transmitted from the input shaft 311 to the first output shaft 312 and the second output shaft 314 after passing through the bevel gear transmission group 31. The first output shaft 312 is connected to the left end of the universal transmission device 316. The universal transmission device 316 is located above the second support beam 102 and the third support beam 103, and its right end is connected to the reduction gear transmission group 33. The main housing of the reduction gear transmission group 33 is fixed to the first upper side plate 15 by bolts. After the power is transmitted to the crushing device 4 through the reduction gear transmission group 33, it is transmitted by the crushing main shaft 412. The end of the crushing main shaft 412 is connected to the third pulley 331. The power is transmitted between the third pulley 331 and the fourth pulley 332 by a belt. The fourth pulley 332 is connected to the grinding device 6 through the grinding main shaft 614. After passing through the first right side plate 10, the second output shaft 314 is connected to the first pulley 313. A belt transmission is performed between the first pulley 313 and the second pulley 315. The second pulley 315 is located on the right side of the first right side plate 10 and is connected to the pickup device 11. After the pickup device 11, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket 321 of the sprocket transmission group 32. The second sprocket 323 is connected to the first sprocket 321 by a chain. The pinion 322 and the second sprocket 323 are coaxially driven at a constant speed. The large gear 324 meshes with the small gear 322 for transmission. At the same time, the large gear 324 is connected to the auger 20. The auger 20 is located in the auger screen 18. The right end of the auger 20 passes through the first right side plate 10 and is connected to the fifth pulley 325. The fifth pulley 325 and the sixth pulley 326 are driven by a belt. The sixth pulley 326 is located on the right side of the second right side plate 9 and is connected to the rotary tillage device 8. The left and right ends of the rotary tillage device 8 are respectively fixed to the second left side plate 17 and the second right side plate 9 by bearing seats.

[0053] The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field method of the present invention adopts the method of picking up straw, crushing, grinding and rotary tilling, and comprises the following steps:

[0054] After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group 31 through the input shaft 311, it is first transmitted to the first pulley 313 by the second output shaft 314, and then transmitted to the second pulley 315 through the belt, thereby driving the picking device 11 connected thereto to complete the straw picking. At the same time, the power is transmitted to the first sprocket 321 through the picking device 11, and then transmitted to the second sprocket 323 and the pinion 322 through the chain. The pinion 322 and the second sprocket 323 rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger 20 through the large gear 324 meshing with the pinion 322. The auger 20 transports the straw from the picking device 11 to the crushing device 4. The output shaft 312 is transmitted to the reduction gear transmission group 33 through the universal transmission device 316, and is transmitted to the crushing device 4 after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device 4 cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger 20 and throws it into the grinding device 6. At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device 4 to the third pulley 331, and then transmitted to the fourth pulley 332 through the belt. The fourth pulley 332 drives the grinding device 6 to grind the crushed straw into powder and discharge it. The fifth pulley 325 located on the auger 20 rotates with the auger 20, and at the same time transmits power to the sixth pulley 326 through the belt. The sixth pulley 326 drives the rotary tillage device 8 to rotary tillage and bury the straw powder discharged from the grinding device 6 and return it to the field.

[0055] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning machine, characterized by: It includes a frame (1), a three-point suspension device (2), a picking device (11), a transmission system (3), a crushing device (4), a grinding device (6), and a rotary tillage device (8); The frame (1) comprises a first support beam (101), a second support beam (102), a third support beam (103), a fourth support beam (104), a fifth support beam (105), a discharge port support assembly (106), a crushing device support assembly 107, a grinding device support assembly (108), a first left side plate (16), a second left side plate (17), a first right side plate (10), a second right side plate (9), a first upper side plate (15), and a second upper side plate (7); The lower suspension point (13) of the three-point suspension device (2) is welded to the first upper side plate (15) and the first support beam (101), and the rear traction tube (12) is connected to the third support beam (103) by bolts; The left end of the curtain plate (14) is fixed to the frame (1), and the right end thereof is fixed to the right side plate. The rear traction tube (12) and the lower suspension point (13) of the three-point suspension device (2) are respectively fixed to the frame (1) and the first upper side plate (15) by bolts. The transmission system (3) is fixed to the first upper side plate (15). The picking device (11) is located below the first upper side plate (15) and behind the curtain plate (14). The right end of the transmission system (3) passes through the first right side plate (10). The crushing device (4) is located behind the transmission system (3) and the first upper side plate (15), and is connected to the second upper side plate (7). The grinding device (6) is located to the right of the crushing device (4) and above the second upper side plate (7). The crushing device (4) and the grinding device (6) are connected via a connecting pipe (5). The rotary tillage device (8) is located below the second upper side plate (7) and behind the grinding device (6), with one end passing through the second right side plate (9). The picking device (11) completes the picking of straw, the auger (20) transports the straw from the picking device (11) to the crushing device (4), the crushing device (4) cuts and crushes the straw transported by the auger (20) and then throws it into the grinding device (6), the grinding device (6) grinds the crushed straw into powder and then discharges it, and the rotary tillage device (8) rotary tills and buries the straw powder discharged from the grinding device (6) and returns it to the field; The grinding device (6) comprises an inlet (601), a left side box (602), an upper shell (603), a screen (608), a right side box (604), a grinding assembly (61), a bearing assembly (62), a lower shell (606), and a discharge pipe (605); The feed port (601) is connected to the left side box body (602) by bolts, the left side box body (602) is connected to the upper shell body (603) by a cover plate lug (609), the right side box body (604) is welded to the upper shell body (603), the upper end of the lower shell body (606) is connected to the lower ends of the upper shell body (603), the left side box body (602), and the right side box body (604), and the discharge pipe (605) is connected to the lower end of the lower shell body (606); The bearing assembly (62) includes a left baffle (621), a right baffle (623), a bearing seat (622), a first bearing (625), and a second bearing (624). The first bearing (625) and the second bearing (624) cooperate with the bearing seat (622), and their two ends are axially fixed by the left baffle (621) and the right baffle (623), respectively. The left end of the bearing assembly (62) and the right box (604) are connected by bolts. The grinding assembly (61) as a whole is composed of a fixed crushing screw (611), a dynamic crushing screw (612), a stirring piece (613), a grinding spindle (614), a turntable (615), and a top cutter (616). The fixed crushing screw (611) is connected to the left side of the box (602) through a nut, the dynamic crushing screw (612) and the stirring piece (613) are connected to the left end of the turntable (615) through nuts and bolts respectively, and the top cutter (616) is connected to the left side of the turntable (615) through nuts and bolts respectively. ) and the turntable (615) are fastened to the left end of the grinding main shaft (614) through the top nut (617), and the grinding assembly (61) as a whole is passed through the grinding main shaft (614) through the right box (604) and matched with the bearing assembly (62); the grinding device (6) as a whole is fixed to the grinding device support assembly (108) through the peripheral protrusion of the upper end of the lower shell (606), and the lower end of the discharge pipe (605) is fixed to the discharge port support assembly (106); The left and right ends of the rotary tillage device (8) are respectively fixed to the second left side plate (17) and the second right side plate (9) via bearing seats.

2. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking device (11) comprises a main shaft (1111) located in the center, four spring-tooth shafts (1110) surrounding the main shaft (1111), and the left and right ends of the spring-tooth shaft (1110) and the main shaft (1111) are respectively fixed on the bearing seat (1102), the flange (1112) and the shaft head assembly (1109); the left end of the main shaft (1111) passes through the reinforcing plate (1101), and the right end thereof passes through the disc cam (1106), the spring teeth (1105) are evenly distributed on the spring-tooth shaft (1110), and the shaft head assembly (1109) at the right end is equipped with The bearing rotates around the groove in the disc cam (1106), the spring tooth shield (1103) is evenly distributed on the fixed frame (1104), the left end of the fixed frame (1104) is welded to the reinforcing plate (1101), and the right end is welded to the first left plate (16), the reinforcing plate (1101) and the disc cam (1106) are respectively connected to the first right plate (10) and the first left plate (16); the spring teeth (1105) move in the gap between adjacent spring tooth shields (1103), and the main shaft (1111) drives the spring tooth shaft (1110) and the spring teeth (1105) thereon to rotate in a circle.

3. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing device (4) consists of a cutting part and a pulverizing part, wherein the cutting knife (407) of the cutting part is connected to the knife holder (406) by bolts, the knife holder (406) is arranged in a circumferential manner and welded to the outer reinforcing rib (409) and the inner reinforcing rib (410), the right end of the cutting spacer (411) passes through the central circular hole of the reinforcing rib and the cutting chamber rear panel (408) and is embedded in the disc baffle (413), and the whole rotates around the pulverizing main axis (412) in the circumferential direction; The main body of the crushing part is composed of eight movable blade shafts (403) arranged circumferentially and fixed on the left and right disc baffles (413). The left disc baffle and the crushing main shaft (412) are connected by a key. The left end of the crushing main shaft (412) passes through the cutting chamber front panel (414) and cooperates with the flange (401) fixed on the cutting chamber front panel (414). The right end passes through the cutting spacer (411) and passes through the cutting chamber rear panel (408). The movable blades (402) are arranged horizontally on the movable blade shafts (403). The fixed blades (404) are circumferentially connected to the crushing shell (405) by bolts. The left and right sides of the crushing shell (405) are respectively connected to the cutting chamber front panel (414) and the cutting chamber rear panel (408). The crushing device (4) is connected to the crushing device support assembly 107 and the fifth support beam (105) through the crushing shell (405).

4. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system (3) is composed of a bevel gear transmission group (31), a sprocket transmission group (32) and a reduction gear transmission group (33). The housing of the bevel gear transmission group (31) is fixed on the first upper side plate (15). Power is transmitted from the input shaft (311) through the bevel gear transmission group (31) to the first output shaft (312) and the second output shaft (314). The first output shaft (312) is connected to the left end of the universal transmission device (316). The universal transmission device (316) is located above the second support beam (102) and the third support beam (103). The right end of the universal transmission device (316) is connected to the reduction gear transmission group (33). The main housing of the reduction gear transmission group (33) is fixed to the first upper side plate (15) by bolts. The power is transmitted to the crushing device (4) through the reduction gear transmission group (33) and then transmitted by the crushing main shaft (412). The end of the crushing main shaft (412) is connected to the third pulley (331). The third pulley (331) and the fourth pulley (332) transmit power through a belt. The fourth pulley (332) is connected to the grinding device (6) through the grinding main shaft (614). The second output shaft (314) passes through the first right side plate (10) and is connected to the first pulley (313). The first pulley (313) and the second pulley (315) are driven by a belt. The second pulley (315) is located on the right side of the first right side plate (10) and The picking device (11) is connected to the picking device, and the power is transmitted to the first sprocket (321) of the sprocket transmission group (32) after the picking device (11). The second sprocket (323) is connected to the first sprocket (321) through a chain. The small gear (322) and the second sprocket (323) are coaxially and uniformly driven. The large gear (324) and the small gear (322) are meshed and driven. At the same time, the large gear (324) is connected to the auger (20). The auger (20) is located in the auger screen (18). The right end of the auger passes through the first right side plate (10) and is connected to the fifth pulley (325). The fifth pulley (325) and the sixth pulley (326) transmit power through a belt. The sixth pulley (326) is located on the right side of the second right side plate (9) and is connected to the rotary tillage device (8).

5. The straw picking, crushing, grinding and returning to the field machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable knife (402) and the fixed knife (404) of the crushing device (4) are both sawtooth-type knives, and the head of the movable knife (402) is arc-shaped. The cutting part of the crushing device (4) has eight cutting knives (407).

6. A method for collecting, crushing, grinding and returning straw to the field using the machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: After the power is transmitted to the bevel gear transmission group (31) via the input shaft (311), it is first transmitted to the first pulley (313) via the second output shaft (314), and then the power is transmitted to the second pulley (315) via the belt, thereby driving the picking device (11) connected thereto to complete the straw picking; Step 2: At the same time, power is transmitted to the first sprocket (321) through the picking device (11), and then transmitted to the second sprocket (323) and the pinion (322) through the chain. The pinion (322) and the second sprocket (323) rotate coaxially, and the power is transmitted to the auger (20) through the large gear (324) meshing with the pinion (322). The auger (20) transports the straw from the picking device (11) to the crushing device (4); Step 3: The power of the bevel gear transmission group (31) is also transmitted to the reduction box transmission group (33) through the first output shaft (312) via the universal transmission device (316), and is transmitted to the crushing device (4) after deceleration and torque increase. The crushing device (4) cuts and crushes the straw delivered by the auger (20) and throws it into the grinding device (6). At the same time, the power is transmitted from the crushing device (4) to the third pulley (331), and then transmitted to the fourth pulley (332) via the belt. The fourth pulley (332) drives the grinding device (6) to grind the crushed straw into powder and then discharge it; Step 4: The fifth pulley (325) on the auger (20) rotates with the auger (20) and transmits power to the sixth pulley (326) through a belt. The sixth pulley (326) drives the rotary tillage device (8) to rotary till the straw powder discharged from the grinding device (6) and bury it in the field.

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