Seedling raising method for podophyllum hexandrum

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedling raising method for podophyllum hexandrum. The seedling raising method comprises the following steps of seed harvesting, river sand treatment, seed disinfection, seed low-temperature stratification treatment, soil preparation, sowing time setting, sowing and field management. Artificial lamination and natural low temperature in winter are combined, the dormancy breaking efficiency is improved, and the lamination time is shortened; after mature seeds are collected, seed lamination is immediately linked, so that a seed storage step is avoided, and the storage cost is reduced; seed disinfection and river sand sterilization operation is simple and convenient, condition limitation is few, an exogenous plant growth regulator is not used during low-temperature stratification treatment, and cost is reduced; the best covering object wheat straw is screened and is easy and convenient to obtain in vast rural areas, and the utilization rate of the rural wheat straw can be increased to a certain extent by popularizing the covering mode; according to the method, the field emergence rate of podophyllum hexandrum can be greatly increased and can reach 83%, and the method has the advantage in effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia. Background Art

[0002] As a medicine, Peach Seven was first recorded in the ancient Indian medical classic "Eight Branches of Medicine", and was later recorded in the Tibetan and Mongolian traditional medical classics such as "Four Medical Classics" and "Four Amritas". It has been used to this day. Peach Seven is sweet, bitter, sour, and flat in nature. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and regulating menstruation. It mainly treats vaginal diseases, blood stasis in the uterus, blood stasis, amenorrhea, blood vessel diseases, skin diseases, dystocia, stillbirth, and difficulty in the delivery of placenta. The "Anti-asthma and Anti-inflammatory Capsules", "Honghua Ruyi Pills", "Twenty-five-flavor Podophyllotoxin Pills", "Terminalia Auspicious Pills" and other patent medicines made with it as a component have significant clinical effects. In addition, the lignan component podophyllotoxin contained in Peach Seven has obvious anti-tumor activity. The drugs "etoposide" and "teniposide" made with it as a precursor have been widely used in clinical practice. In recent years, due to the destruction of its suitable habitat and the dormant characteristics of its seeds, its resources have become increasingly scarce, and it has now been listed as a national second-level protected plant.

[0003] Seed dormancy is an important characteristic of plants to adapt to adverse external environments. It is a life history strategy of plants to avoid seeds germinating at times and places that are not suitable for seedling growth and settlement. Medicinal plants, as a special group artificially divided from plants, are widely used in medical and health care, health care, daily chemicals, food and other fields, and have great medicinal and economic value. However, seed dormancy is also common in medicinal plants. The long-term wild state also makes its dormancy characteristics more extensive and complex than crops, which seriously restricts the introduction, domestication and seedling production of medicinal plants. The germination rate of Psoralea corylifolia seeds is low under natural conditions, and it has a dormancy period of up to 10 months, which seriously hinders its expansion and production. The existing Psoralea corylifolia seed germination method, although it can relieve its seed dormancy to a certain extent, its pre-treatment is too cumbersome and the processing time is too long, which increases the production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia to solve the problem of difficult germination of Psoralea corylifolia seeds.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Seed harvesting: Freshly harvested ripe fruits of Peach 70 are peeled off, the pulp with seeds is taken out, and the pulp is repeatedly rubbed and rinsed in clean water to clean the pulp on the surface of the seeds, and then placed on a gauze bed under a pergola to dry and set aside, thereby obtaining Peach 70 seeds; S2. River sand treatment: The river sand is washed to remove dirt and impurities, sieved and sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes to obtain river sand for stratification; S3. Seed disinfection: Soak and disinfect with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10-15 minutes, rinse with clean water for 1-3 minutes, and dry the surface moisture; S4. Seed low temperature stratification treatment: The river sand obtained in S2 is laid at the bottom of the container as the bottom layer of river sand, and the thickness of the bottom layer of river sand is 4-6 cm. The seeds of Psoralea corylifolia obtained in S3 are put into a gauze mesh bag and then laid flat on the river sand. The river sand obtained in S2 is laid on the gauze mesh bag as the upper layer of river sand, and the thickness of the upper layer of river sand is 6-8 cm. The container is sealed with plastic wrap and holes are punched for ventilation. The container is placed at 4°C for stratification for 7 weeks, and water is regularly added during this period to keep the humidity at 10%. S5. Site preparation: Deeply plow the field used for breeding, level it and harrow it, build ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 15cm, and keep the ridge surface flat without depressions or protrusions; S6. Sowing time: Choose October-November when the ground temperature is 5-8℃; S7, sowing: The seeds obtained after S3 treatment were sown on the ridge surface at a sowing rate of 300 seeds / ㎡, first covered with 2cm of fine soil, and then covered with 0.5kg / m 2 Finally, cover and compact the straw with a sunshade net with a 70% shading rate, and open the sunshade net in mid-April of the following year; S8. Field management: In mid-May, use a shade net with a 70% shading rate to set up a shade frame, and open the shade net on all four sides to enhance ventilation.

[0006] In order to further realize the present invention, the screening in S2 uses a 40-mesh sieve.

[0007] In order to further realize the present invention, the cling film in S3 is at least 3 layers and has 9-12 holes.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention is suitable for direct seeding and raising seedlings in the field.

[0009] The present invention combines artificial stratification with the natural low temperature in winter in design, which not only improves the efficiency of breaking dormancy, but also reduces the stratification time of the traditional method; In the present invention, since the seed stratification is immediately connected after the mature seeds are collected, the seed storage step required by the traditional spring sowing germination method is avoided. During the seed storage process, it is often necessary to artificially create a certain low temperature and low humidity environment condition, which indirectly reduces the storage cost; The present invention is simple to sterilize seeds or river sand, with few restrictions on conditions, and no exogenous plant growth regulator is used during low-temperature stratification, which reduces the cost of using plant growth regulators in traditional spring sowing and germination. The optimal covering material wheat straw selected by the present invention is easy to obtain in the vast rural areas. The popularization of this covering mode can increase the utilization rate of wheat straw in rural areas to a certain extent. The present invention can greatly increase the field emergence rate of Psoralea corylifolia to 83%, which has an advantage in effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a picture of the seven seeds of peach in the present invention; Figure 2 It is the field emergence diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a picture of seedling emergence in the field of the present invention (shot at close range). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0012] A method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Seed harvesting: Freshly harvested ripe fruits of Peach 70 are peeled off, the pulp with seeds is taken out, and the pulp is repeatedly rubbed and rinsed in clean water to clean the pulp on the surface of the seeds, and then placed on a gauze bed under a pergola to dry and set aside, thereby obtaining Peach 70 seeds; S2. River sand treatment: The river sand was washed to remove dirt and impurities, passed through a 40-mesh sieve and then sterilized under high pressure at 121°C for 30 minutes to obtain river sand for stratification; S3. Seed disinfection: Soak and disinfect with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10-15 minutes, rinse with clean water for 1-3 minutes, and dry the surface moisture; S4. Seed low temperature stratification treatment: The river sand obtained in S2 is laid at the bottom of the container as the bottom layer of river sand, and the thickness of the bottom layer of river sand is 4-6 cm. The seeds of Psoralea corylifolia obtained in S3 are put into a gauze mesh bag and then laid flat on the river sand. The river sand obtained in S2 is laid on the gauze mesh bag as the upper layer of river sand, and the thickness of the upper layer of river sand is 6-8 cm. The container is sealed with plastic wrap and holes are punched for ventilation. The plastic wrap is at least 3 layers and the number of holes is 9-12. The container is placed at 4°C for stratification for 7 weeks, and water is regularly added during this period to keep the humidity at 10%; S5. Site preparation: Deeply plow the field used for breeding, level it and harrow it, build ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 15cm, and keep the ridge surface flat without depressions or protrusions; S6. Sowing time: Choose October-November when the ground temperature is 5-8℃; S7, sowing: The seeds obtained after S3 treatment were sown on the ridge surface at a sowing rate of 300 seeds / ㎡, first covered with 2cm of fine soil, and then covered with 0.5kg / m 2 Finally, cover and compact the straw with a sunshade net with a 70% shading rate, and open the sunshade net in mid-April of the following year; S8. Field management: In mid-May, use a shade net with a 70% shading rate to set up a shade frame, and open the shade net on all four sides to enhance ventilation.

[0013] Experimental Example 1: Screening of different seed sterilization methods: The experimental design of different seed sterilization methods is shown in Table 1.

[0014] As shown in Table 2, the moldy rate of seeds in the two groups treated with 1% NaClO 10min and 1% NaClO 15min was 0, and none of them were moldy. The moldy rates of seeds in the treatment groups of 0.1% potassium permanganate 15min, 0.1% mercuric chloride 10min, 0.1% potassium permanganate 10min, and 0.1% mercuric chloride 15min were low, at 2%, 5%, 6%, and 7%, respectively. The moldy rates of seeds in the treatment groups of 0.1% NaClO 5min, 0.1% mercuric chloride 5min, and 0.1% potassium permanganate 5min were higher than those in other treatment groups, reaching 13%, 17%, and 22%, respectively. Therefore, the seed sterilization method can be soaked in 1% NaClO for 10min or 15min.

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Experimental Example 2: Screening of different sterilization methods for river sand: The experimental design of different sterilization treatments for river sand is shown in Table 3.

[0018] By comparing and analyzing four commonly used river sand sterilization methods, it was found that the mold rate of the group treated with high-pressure moist heat sterilization (121°C, 30 minutes) was 0%, which was better than the other three sterilization methods, see Table 4.

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Experimental Example 3: Screening of river sand with different particle sizes: The experimental design for stratification treatment of river sand with different particle sizes is shown in Table 5.

[0022] According to the results in Table 6, the initial moisture content of seeds before stratification with five different particle sizes of river sand was 10%. After stratification for 15 days, the moldy rates of river sand with particle sizes of 50 mesh and 60 mesh reached 6% and 8% respectively, which were higher than the moldy rates of river sand with particle sizes of 20 mesh, 30 mesh and 40 mesh. Although the moldy rates of river sand with particle sizes of 20 mesh, 30 mesh and 40 mesh were all 0, the moisture content of river sand with a particle size of 40 mesh was high after stratification for 15 days, and the water retention effect was better. Therefore, river sand with a particle size of 40 mesh was selected as the sand for stratification.

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Experimental Example 4: Screening of river sand with different humidity: The experimental design for stratification treatment of river sand with different humidity levels is shown in Table 7.

[0026] It can be seen from Table 8 that when the stratification humidity is 10%, the germination rate is the highest and the mold rate is the lowest after one month of stratification. Therefore, during the stratification period, the humidity of the stratified river sand should be checked irregularly, and water should be added in time to keep its humidity at around 10%.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] Experimental Example 5: Screening at different layering times: The experimental design for different stratification time treatments is shown in Table 9.

[0030] It can be seen from Table 10 that the longer the stratification time, the higher the germination rate. However, after 7 weeks, the germination rate gradually stabilizes. In addition, with the increase of stratification time, the mold rate also gradually appears and shows an upward trend. Therefore, the stratification time should be 7 weeks when the germination rate is relatively high and the mold rate is the lowest.

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Experimental Example 6: Screening of different seeding treatments: The experimental design of different sowing treatments is shown in Table 11.

[0034] According to the results in Table 12, compared with the treatment without stratification, the other treatments can improve the field emergence rate of P. truncatum. Among them, the treatment group covered with 0.5 kg of wheat straw showed the most significant effect, with a germination rate of 83.00%, which was 2.6 times higher than that of the simple broadcasting group and 1.2 times higher than that of the broadcasting treatment group after 7 weeks of stratification. In summary, the 7-week stratification of P. truncatum seeds + broadcasting + covering with 0.5 kg / m 2 Wheat straw treatment is the most effective method to improve the field emergence of Psoralea corylifolia seeds.

[0035]

[0036] .

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia, characterized in that The steps include: S1. Seed harvesting: Freshly harvested ripe fruits of Peach 70 are peeled off, the pulp with seeds is taken out, and the pulp is repeatedly rubbed and rinsed in clean water to clean the pulp on the surface of the seeds, and then placed on a gauze bed under a pergola to dry and set aside, thereby obtaining Peach 70 seeds; S2. River sand treatment: The river sand is washed to remove dirt and impurities, sieved and sterilized at 121°C for 30 minutes to obtain river sand for stratification; S3. Seed disinfection Soak and disinfect with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 or 15 minutes, rinse with clean water for 1-3 minutes, and dry the surface moisture; S4. Seed low temperature stratification treatment: The river sand obtained in S2 is laid at the bottom of the container as the bottom layer of river sand, and the thickness of the bottom layer of river sand is 4-6 cm. The seeds of Psoralea corylifolia obtained in S3 are put into a gauze mesh bag and then laid flat on the river sand. The river sand obtained in S2 is laid on the gauze mesh bag as the upper layer of river sand, and the thickness of the upper layer of river sand is 6-8 cm. The container is sealed with plastic wrap and holes are punched for ventilation. The container is placed at 4°C for stratification for 7 weeks, and water is regularly added during this period to keep the humidity at 10%. S5. Site preparation: Deeply plow the field used for breeding, level it and harrow it, build ridges with a width of 1m and a height of 15cm, and keep the ridge surface flat without depressions or protrusions; S6. Sowing time: Choose October-November when the ground temperature is 5-8℃; S7, sowing: The seeds obtained after S3 treatment were sown on the ridge surface at a sowing rate of 300 seeds / ㎡, first covered with 2cm of fine soil, and then covered with 0.5kg / m 2 Finally, cover and compact the straw with a sunshade net with a 70% shading rate, and open the sunshade net in mid-April of the following year; S8. Field management: In mid-May, use a shade net with a 70% shading rate to set up a shade frame, and open the shade net on all four sides to enhance ventilation.

2. The method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sieving in S2 uses a 40-mesh sieve.

3. The method for raising seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cling film described in S3 has at least 3 layers and 9-12 holes.

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