Artificial breeding method for southern sea cucumbers

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly discloses a southern sea cucumber artificial breeding method, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting southern sea cucumber population samples, and carrying out genetic analysis on the samples by utilizing SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) marking, SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) marking, AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) marking and RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marking technologies, the parent sea cucumbers which are high in growth speed, strong in stress resistance, full in body shape, delicious in meat quality and high in reproductive capacity are screened out; s2, performing health examination and pathogen detection on the screened parent sea cucumbers; according to the method, by adopting advanced genetic marker technologies such as SSR markers, SNP markers, AFLP markers and RAPD markers, parents with excellent characters such as high growth speed, strong stress resistance, full body type, delicious meat quality and high reproductive capacity are rapidly screened, parent screening is performed through a strict statistical method and a genetic algorithm, the accuracy and reliability of screening results are ensured, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Through accurate genetic analysis and parent screening, unnecessary use of parent sea cucumbers is reduced, breeding resources are optimized, and the breeding cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to an artificial seedling breeding method for southern sea cucumbers. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aquaculture technology, southern sea cucumbers, as a precious seafood, have received widespread attention in recent years due to their unique nutritional value and market demand. With the continuous development of aquaculture technology, artificial seedling technology of southern sea cucumbers has also become a research hotspot. Traditional artificial seedling breeding methods of southern sea cucumbers mainly rely on manual experience and traditional technical means, which to a certain extent limits the improvement of seedling breeding efficiency and seedling quality.

[0003] Traditional seedling cultivation methods have significant deficiencies in genetic analysis and parent screening. In the past, the selection of parents often relied on manual observation experience, and larger and healthier-looking individuals were selected from the natural population of southern sea cucumbers as parents. However, this method lacks systematic genetic analysis and precise screening process, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the genetic characteristics and potential growth performance of the parents. As a result, the selected parents may not have excellent traits such as fast growth rate, strong stress resistance, plump body, delicious meat, and high fertility, which affects the overall efficiency of seedling cultivation and the quality of seedlings. Therefore, staff need to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Collect samples of southern sea cucumber populations, use SSR markers, SNP markers, AFLP markers and RAPD markers to perform genetic analysis on the samples, and screen out parent sea cucumbers with fast growth rate, strong stress resistance, full body shape, delicious meat and high fertility;

[0008] S2. Perform health checks and pathogen tests on the selected parent sea cucumbers, and after confirming that they do not carry pathogens and genetic diseases, carry out artificial breeding to obtain fertilized eggs;

[0009] S3. Implement incubation management for fertilized eggs, control the water temperature, salinity, light and dissolved oxygen conditions of the incubation environment, and regularly test and regulate the water quality of the incubation water to ensure the normal development of the fertilized eggs;

[0010] S4. Carry out initial cultivation of the hatched seedlings, provide suitable feed and growth environment, select and proportion feed according to the growth stage and nutritional requirements of the seedlings, and monitor the growth and health of the seedlings;

[0011] S5. During the seedling cultivation period, the growth and health of the seedlings shall be continuously monitored, and necessary management measures shall be taken according to the monitoring results, including adjusting the stocking density, controlling the light and temperature conditions, and preventing and treating diseases, so as to improve the survival rate and quality of the seedlings;

[0012] S6. When the seedlings reach a certain size, they are sorted according to their growth rate and health status, and cultured in one of the following ways: separate ponds and separate cages, to promote further growth and development of the seedlings until they reach commercial specifications;

[0013] S7. During the entire breeding process, record and analyze data, including genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate and feed conversion rate.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the health check and pathogen detection include bacteria, virus and parasite detection.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the hatching management also includes regular maintenance and cleaning of the hatching equipment.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the initial cultivation includes adjusting the feed type, feeding amount and feeding frequency according to the growth of the seedlings and environmental conditions.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the management measures also include regular disinfection and replacement of the aquaculture water.

[0018] Preferably, in step S6, the cultivation in one of the pool and cage methods also includes timely grouping and merging according to the number and growth conditions of the seedlings in the cultivation unit.

[0019] Preferably, in step S7, data recording and analysis also includes an evaluation of the effect of genetic marker-assisted breeding technology.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) Through genetic analysis and parent screening steps, advanced genetic marker technologies such as SSR markers, SNP markers, AFLP markers and RAPD markers are used to quickly screen out parents with excellent traits such as fast growth rate, strong stress resistance, plump body, delicious meat, and high fertility. Parent screening is carried out through strict statistical methods and genetic algorithms to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the screening results. Accurate genetic analysis and parent screening reduce the unnecessary use of parent sea cucumbers, optimize aquaculture resources, and reduce seedling costs.

[0022] (2) Through the fertilized egg incubation management steps, controlling the key conditions of the incubation environment such as water temperature, salinity, light, dissolved oxygen, and regularly testing and regulating the water quality of the incubation water, it is possible to ensure that the fertilized eggs develop under optimal conditions, thereby significantly improving the hatching rate. Meticulous incubation management not only helps the normal development of the fertilized eggs, but also can enhance the stress resistance of the seedlings to a certain extent, so that they can better adapt to environmental changes in the subsequent breeding process. Regular maintenance and cleaning of the incubation equipment ensures the normal operation of the equipment and the stability of the incubation environment, providing strong guarantees for the smooth progress of the seedling breeding process.

[0023] (3) Through the data recording and analysis steps, advanced statistical analysis methods and data mining technology are used to conduct in-depth analysis of key data such as genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate, feed conversion rate, etc., which can timely discover problems in the seedling cultivation process and put forward targeted optimization suggestions and improvement measures, so as to continuously improve the seedling cultivation process. Through in-depth analysis of the data, the efficiency and effect of the seedling cultivation method can be accurately evaluated, which can provide reference and guidance for subsequent seedling cultivation work and help to continuously improve the seedling cultivation effect. Detailed data recording and analysis provide a solid foundation for intelligent management, help promote the intelligent upgrade of the seedling cultivation process, and further improve the efficiency of seedling cultivation and the quality of seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] See also Figure 1 As shown, a method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1. Genetic analysis and parent screening: Collect representative samples of southern sea cucumber populations to ensure the diversity of samples and the breadth of genetic background. Use advanced genetic marker technologies such as SSR (simple sequence repeats), SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) to conduct in-depth genetic analysis of samples. Based on the analysis results, screen out sea cucumber parents with excellent traits such as fast growth rate, strong stress resistance, full body, delicious meat, and high fertility. During the screening process, strict statistical methods and genetic algorithms are used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the screening results.

[0029] S2. Parent health check and pathogen detection: Conduct a comprehensive health check on the selected parent sea cucumbers, including appearance inspection and behavior observation, to ensure that the parents are in good physiological condition. Implement strict pathogen detection, including screening of bacteria, viruses, parasites and other pathogens, to ensure that the parents do not carry any pathogens or genetic diseases that are harmful to the growth of seedlings. Parents that pass the test are marked and recorded for subsequent artificial breeding and tracking management.

[0030] S3. Fertilized egg hatching management: Implement meticulous hatching management of fertilized eggs, including controlling key conditions of the hatching environment such as water temperature, salinity, light, dissolved oxygen, etc., using advanced hatching equipment and monitoring technology, real-time monitoring of hatching environment parameters, ensuring that fertilized eggs develop under optimal conditions, regularly testing and regulating the quality of hatching water, including pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and other indicators, to prevent water quality deterioration from adversely affecting fertilized eggs, and regularly maintaining and cleaning hatching equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and the stability of the hatching environment;

[0031] S4. Initial cultivation of seedlings: Carry out initial cultivation of hatched seedlings, provide appropriate nutritious feed and growth environment, carefully select and proportion feed according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of the seedlings to ensure that the seedlings obtain adequate nutritional support, monitor the growth and health of the seedlings, including indicators such as body length, weight, and food intake, and timely adjust the feed type, feeding amount, and feeding frequency. According to changes in environmental conditions, such as fluctuations in water temperature and salinity, timely adjust the cultivation strategy to ensure the healthy growth of the seedlings;

[0032] S5. Management measures during seedling cultivation: During the seedling cultivation period, the growth and health of the seedlings shall be continuously monitored, and detailed monitoring records shall be established. According to the monitoring results, necessary management measures shall be taken, such as adjusting the stocking density, controlling the light and temperature conditions, preventing and treating diseases, etc., and the aquaculture water shall be disinfected and replaced regularly to maintain the cleanliness and suitability of the water. Abnormal conditions in the growth process of the seedlings, such as growth retardation and disease infection, shall be discovered and handled in a timely manner to ensure the survival rate and overall quality of the seedlings;

[0033] S6. Seedling sorting and breeding: When the seedlings reach a certain size, they are sorted according to their growth rate and health status, and cultured in separate pools or cages. According to the number and growth of seedlings in the breeding unit, they are divided into groups or merged in a timely manner to ensure breeding efficiency and healthy growth of seedlings. During the breeding process, the growth and health of the seedlings are continuously monitored, and breeding strategies and management measures are adjusted in a timely manner.

[0034] S7. Data recording and analysis: During the entire seedling raising process, the data is recorded and analyzed in detail, including key indicators such as genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate, feed conversion rate, etc. Advanced statistical analysis methods and data mining techniques are used to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of the data, evaluate the effectiveness of genetic marker-assisted breeding technology, and based on the analysis results, continuously optimize the seedling raising process and management measures to improve seedling raising efficiency and seedling quality.

[0035] SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism): The molecular information marked by the SNP marker is the variation of a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence. This variation can be a base replacement (such as A replaced by T, C replaced by G, etc.), which occurs at a specific position in the genome. SNP markers have the characteristics of high density, stability and easy detection, making them an important tool in genetic analysis. In the artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers, SNP markers are used to reveal the genetic structure and variation of population samples, thereby helping to screen out parents with excellent traits.

[0036] Specifically, the molecular information marked by the SNP marker is:

[0037] Variant location: the specific location in the genome.

[0038] Mutation type: the type of base replacement (such as A→T).

[0039] Allele: A different nucleotide at a specific position (e.g., for a certain SNP site, there may be two alleles, A and T).

[0040] SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat): SSR markers are also called simple sequence repeats or SSR markers. The molecular information they mark is the copy number variation of specific repeating units in the DNA sequence. These repeating units are usually short sequences composed of 2-6 nucleotides. They are widely distributed in the genome and are polymorphic. SSR markers have become a common tool in genetic analysis because of their easy detection and high polymorphism.

[0041] In the artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers, SSR markers are also used to reveal the genetic structure and variation of population samples. By comparing the copy numbers of repeat units at SSR loci in different individuals, the genetic differences and relationships between them can be evaluated.

[0042] Specifically, the molecular information marked by SSR markers is:

[0043] Repeating unit: A short sequence (eg (AT)n) that makes up an SSR.

[0044] Copy number: the number of repeat units at a specific SSR locus (e.g., for a certain SSR locus, there may be two copy numbers, n=5 and n=7).

[0045] Although SNP and SSR markers play an important role in genetic analysis, the molecular information they mark is relatively simple (i.e., single nucleotide variation or copy number variation of repeat units). However, the combined analysis of a large number of SNP and SSR markers can reveal the complex genetic structure and variation of organisms, thereby providing strong support for parent screening and breeding.

[0046] AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism): The molecular information marked by the AFLP marker is the length polymorphism of a specific fragment produced after restriction endonuclease cutting in the DNA sequence. This polymorphism originates from the variation of restriction enzyme cutting sites in the genome, resulting in different lengths of DNA fragments produced after cutting. AFLP technology combines the advantages of restriction enzyme cutting and PCR amplification, and can efficiently reveal polymorphisms in the genome.

[0047] Specifically, the molecular information marked by AFLP markers is:

[0048] Restriction site: The location of specific sequences in the genome that can be recognized and cut by specific restriction endonucleases.

[0049] Length of fragments produced by cutting: Due to the variation of restriction enzyme cutting sites, the length of DNA fragments produced by different individuals under the same enzyme cutting conditions may be different.

[0050] Amplification products: Through selective PCR amplification, the specific fragments after cutting are amplified, which is convenient for detection and analysis. The length and number of amplification products reflect the polymorphism in the genome.

[0051] In the artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers, AFLP markers are used to evaluate the genetic diversity of population samples and help screen parents with excellent genetic characteristics. By comparing the amplified products of different individuals on AFLP markers, the genetic differences and genetic relationships between them can be revealed.

[0052] RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA): The molecular information marked by RAPD markers is the polymorphic fragments produced after random primer amplification in the DNA sequence. This polymorphism originates from the random distribution of nucleotide sequence variations in the genome, resulting in different lengths and numbers of DNA fragments amplified by random primers in different individuals. RAPD technology has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and applicability to a variety of organisms.

[0053] Specifically, the molecular information marked by RAPD markers is:

[0054] Random primers: A series of short, random oligonucleotide sequences that are able to bind to specific sequences in the genome and initiate DNA synthesis.

[0055] Amplification products: DNA fragments generated by random primers in the genome through PCR amplification. The length and number of these fragments reflect the polymorphism in the genome.

[0056] Polymorphic fragments: Due to the variation of nucleotide sequences in the genome, the polymorphic fragments produced by different individuals under the same primer amplification conditions may be different.

[0057] In the artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers, RAPD markers are also used to evaluate the genetic diversity of population samples. By comparing the amplified products of different individuals on RAPD markers, the genetic differences between them can be revealed, providing an important basis for parent screening. In addition, RAPD markers can also be used to construct genetic maps, conduct gene positioning and genetic diversity analysis.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] See also Figure 1 As shown, optimization and improvement are performed on the basis of Example 1 to improve the seedling raising efficiency and seedling quality. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] S1. Genetic analysis and parent selection

[0061] Sample collection and pretreatment: Samples with a wide range of genetic diversity were collected from natural populations of southern sea cucumbers and pretreated, including cleaning, disinfection and labeling.

[0062] Genetic marker analysis: High-throughput sequencing technology combined with multiple genetic marker methods such as SSR, SNP, AFLP and RAPD is used to conduct in-depth genetic analysis of samples to reveal their genetic structure and variation.

[0063] Parent selection: Based on the results of genetic analysis, combined with growth performance, stress resistance, body shape and meat quality, the optimal parent combination is selected using multivariate statistical analysis methods.

[0064] S2. Parental health assessment and breeding preparation

[0065] Health examination: A comprehensive health examination is conducted on the selected parents, including body surface observation, internal organ examination and histopathological analysis.

[0066] Pathogen detection: High-throughput pathogen detection technologies such as PCR, fluorescent quantitative PCR, and sequencing are used to comprehensively screen the parents for a variety of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

[0067] Breeding preparation: Preparatory work before breeding is carried out on parents that have passed the test, including nutritional supplementation, environmental adaptation and induction of breeding behavior.

[0068] S3. Fertilized egg hatching and meticulous management

[0069] Incubation environment control: Use intelligent incubation system to accurately control the water temperature, salinity, light, dissolved oxygen and other conditions of the incubation environment to ensure that the fertilized eggs develop in the optimal environment.

[0070] Water quality monitoring and regulation: Real-time monitoring of water quality indicators of hatching water bodies, such as pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and heavy metals, etc., and timely adoption of regulatory measures to maintain the stability and suitability of water quality.

[0071] Hatching equipment maintenance: Regularly maintain and clean the hatching equipment to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and hatching efficiency.

[0072] S4. Early seedling cultivation and nutrition management

[0073] Feed selection and ratio: Select appropriate feed type and ratio according to the growth stage and nutritional needs of the seedlings to ensure that the seedlings receive comprehensive and balanced nutritional support.

[0074] Growth monitoring and adjustment: Regularly measure the length, weight, food intake and other indicators of the seedlings, and adjust the feed type, feeding amount and feeding frequency in a timely manner based on the monitoring results.

[0075] Cultivation of environmental adaptability: By gradually adjusting the water temperature, salinity, light and other conditions of the breeding environment, the adaptability and resistance of the seedlings to the environment can be improved.

[0076] S5. Seedling health management and disease prevention

[0077] Disease prevention: Use a combination of biological, physical and chemical control to prevent the occurrence and spread of common seedling diseases.

[0078] Disease diagnosis and treatment: timely diagnose seedlings with diseases and adopt targeted treatment measures to ensure rapid control of the disease and healthy growth of the seedlings.

[0079] S6. Seedling sorting and efficient breeding

[0080] Growth performance evaluation: Comprehensive evaluation of seedlings based on indicators such as growth rate, body shape and health status.

[0081] Sorting and breeding: Qualified seedlings will be sorted according to their growth performance and body shape, and cultured in separate ponds or cages to improve breeding efficiency and seedling quality.

[0082] Optimization of breeding management: According to the growth of seedlings and changes in the breeding environment, timely adjust the breeding density, feeding strategy and management measures to ensure the continued healthy growth of seedlings.

[0083] S7. Data recording and analysis

[0084] Data recording: During the entire seedling raising process, key data such as genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate, feed conversion rate, etc. are recorded in detail.

[0085] Data analysis: Use advanced statistical analysis methods and data mining techniques to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of data to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of seedling cultivation methods.

[0086] Optimization suggestions: Based on the analysis results, put forward targeted optimization suggestions and improvement measures to provide reference and guidance for subsequent seedling cultivation work.

[0087] Embodiment three:

[0088] See also Figure 1 As shown, on the basis of Example 1 and Example 2, intelligent management technology is integrated to comprehensively improve the efficiency and seedling quality of artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers through intelligent means. The following are the specific steps:

[0089] S1. Genetic analysis and parental intelligent screening

[0090] Sample collection and pretreatment: Continue to use the sample collection and pretreatment process of Example 2 to ensure the diversity of samples and the breadth of genetic background.

[0091] Genetic marker analysis: High-throughput sequencing technology combined with a variety of genetic marker methods are used to conduct in-depth genetic analysis of samples to reveal their genetic structure and variation.

[0092] Intelligent parent screening: Based on the results of genetic analysis, combined with growth performance, stress resistance, body shape and meat quality, the machine learning algorithm is used to intelligently screen the parents to select the optimal parent combination. At the same time, a parent database is established to facilitate subsequent tracking and management.

[0093] S2. Parental health assessment and intelligent breeding preparation

[0094] Health examination: A comprehensive health examination is conducted on the selected parents, including body surface observation, internal organ examination and histopathological analysis.

[0095] Pathogen Detection: High-throughput pathogen detection technology is used to comprehensively screen the parents for a variety of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites.

[0096] Intelligent breeding preparation: Based on the health status and breeding needs of the parents, a breeding plan is formulated using an intelligent management system, including nutritional supplementation, environmental adaptation, and breeding behavior induction. At the same time, the status of the parents is monitored in real time through intelligent monitoring equipment to ensure the smooth progress of the breeding process.

[0097] S3. Fertilized egg hatching and intelligent management

[0098] Incubation environment control: Use intelligent incubation system to accurately control the water temperature, salinity, light, dissolved oxygen and other conditions of the incubation environment to ensure that the fertilized eggs develop in the optimal environment.

[0099] Intelligent water quality monitoring and control: Use intelligent water quality monitoring equipment to monitor the water quality indicators of the hatching water in real time, such as pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and heavy metals. When the water quality indicators exceed the set range, the system automatically triggers control measures to maintain the stability and suitability of the water quality.

[0100] Intelligent maintenance of incubation equipment: The intelligent management system is used to regularly maintain and clean the incubation equipment to ensure the normal operation and incubation efficiency of the equipment. At the same time, the intelligent early warning system is used to detect and handle equipment failures in a timely manner.

[0101] S4. Early seedling cultivation and intelligent nutrition management

[0102] Feed selection and intelligent ratio: According to the growth stage and nutritional needs of the seedlings, the intelligent management system is used to select the appropriate feed type and ratio. The system can automatically adjust the feed type, feeding amount and feeding frequency according to the growth data of the seedlings.

[0103] Intelligent growth monitoring and adjustment: Use intelligent monitoring equipment to regularly measure indicators such as seedling length, weight and food intake, and automatically adjust cultivation strategies and management measures based on the monitoring results.

[0104] Intelligent cultivation for environmental adaptability: Through the intelligent management system, the water temperature, salinity, light and other conditions of the breeding environment are gradually adjusted to improve the adaptability and resistance of the seedlings to the environment.

[0105] S5. Seedling health management and intelligent disease prevention and control

[0106] Intelligent disease prevention: Use intelligent management systems to develop disease prevention measures, including biological control, physical control, and chemical control. The system can automatically adjust prevention measures based on seedling growth data and disease history.

[0107] Intelligent disease diagnosis and treatment: When the seedlings show symptoms of disease, the intelligent diagnosis system is used to quickly diagnose the disease and formulate targeted treatment measures based on the diagnosis results. At the same time, the seedlings are treated with intelligent treatment equipment to ensure rapid control of the disease and healthy growth of the seedlings.

[0108] S6. Seedling sorting and intelligent and efficient breeding

[0109] Intelligent evaluation of growth performance: Use intelligent management systems to conduct comprehensive evaluations of indicators such as seedling growth rate, body shape and health status.

[0110] Intelligent sorting and breeding: Based on the evaluation results, the seedlings are sorted according to their growth performance and size using intelligent sorting equipment, and are cultured in separate pools or cages. At the same time, the breeding process is monitored and adjusted in real time using an intelligent management system to ensure breeding efficiency and seedling quality.

[0111] Intelligent optimization of breeding management: According to the growth of seedlings and changes in the breeding environment, the intelligent management system is used to automatically adjust the breeding density, feeding strategy and management measures to ensure the continued healthy growth of seedlings.

[0112] S7. Intelligent data recording and analysis

[0113] Intelligent data recording: During the entire seedling raising process, an intelligent management system is used to record in detail key data such as genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate, feed conversion rate, etc.

[0114] Intelligent data analysis: Use advanced statistical analysis methods and data mining technology to conduct in-depth analysis and mining of intelligently recorded data. At the same time, use intelligent visualization tools to display the analysis results, so that managers can intuitively understand the efficiency and effect of the seedling cultivation process.

[0115] Intelligent optimization suggestions: Based on the analysis results, the intelligent management system automatically proposes targeted optimization suggestions and improvement measures. Managers can adjust and optimize the seedling raising process based on the suggestions, providing reference and guidance for subsequent seedling raising work.

[0116] Comparative application examples:

[0117] Traditional artificial breeding methods of southern sea cucumbers mainly rely on manual experience and traditional technical means, lacking advanced genetic analysis, intelligent management and sophisticated environmental control.

[0118] Parent selection: Relying on manual observation and empirical judgment, larger and healthier-looking individuals are selected from the natural population of southern sea cucumbers as parents, lacking systematic genetic analysis and precise parent screening process.

[0119] Parent health examination and breeding preparation: simple appearance inspection and health assessment are carried out, but there is a lack of in-depth internal organ examination and tissue pathology analysis. Breeding preparation mainly relies on manual experience and traditional methods, and lacks intelligent breeding planning and management.

[0120] Hatching of fertilized eggs: Hatching environment control relies on manual adjustment, lacks precise environmental monitoring and intelligent management systems, and has limited water quality monitoring and regulation methods, and may not be able to respond in a timely manner to the adverse effects of water quality changes on fertilized eggs.

[0121] Seedling cultivation: Feed selection and proportioning are mainly based on manual experience, and there is a lack of intelligent management based on the seedling growth stage and nutritional needs. Growth monitoring and adjustment rely on manual observation and recording, which may not be able to reflect the growth status and health of the seedlings in a timely and accurate manner.

[0122] Seedling health management: Disease prevention and diagnosis mainly rely on traditional biological and chemical control methods, lack of intelligent disease prevention and control systems, and disease treatment relies on manual experience and traditional drugs, which may not be able to quickly and effectively control the spread of diseases.

[0123] Seedling sorting and breeding: Seedling sorting mainly relies on manual observation and experience judgment, and lacks intelligent sorting equipment and evaluation systems. Breeding management mainly relies on manual experience and traditional methods, and lacks intelligent breeding strategies and management measures.

[0124] Data recording and analysis: Data recording mainly relies on manual records and paper documents, lacks intelligent data recording and analysis systems, and has limited data analysis methods, which may make it impossible to deeply explore and utilize key information in the seedling cultivation process.

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

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[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Comparison table of various actual indicators:

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Survival rate: The proportion of surviving eggs from hatching to seedlings reaching commercial size.

[0135] Growth rate: expressed as the percentage of daily increase in body length or weight.

[0136] Feed conversion rate: refers to the ratio of sea cucumber body mass converted per unit of feed.

[0137] Disease incidence: the probability of seedlings being infected with disease during the breeding cycle.

[0138] Labor intensity: the average number of manpower required per day.

[0139] Overall benefits: economic benefits brought about by comprehensive factors such as output and quality.

[0140] Seedling raising cycle: the time required from hatching of fertilized eggs to seedlings reaching commercial specifications.

[0141] Hatching rate: the proportion of fertilized eggs that successfully hatch into seedlings.

[0142] Meat quality score, body shape score, stress resistance score: score according to corresponding standards, with a full score of 100.

[0143] Compared with the traditional artificial seedling raising method of southern sea cucumber, the seedling raising method described in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 has the following significant advantages:

[0144] Genetic analysis and parent screening: The use of advanced genetic marker technology and intelligent screening methods can more accurately screen out parents with excellent traits, thereby improving seedling cultivation efficiency and seedling quality.

[0145] Environmental control and water quality monitoring: The use of intelligent management systems and advanced monitoring technologies can more accurately control the incubation environment and monitor water quality indicators, providing optimal growth conditions for fertilized eggs and seedlings.

[0146] Nutrition management and growth monitoring: Utilizing intelligent management systems and intelligent monitoring equipment, accurate feed selection and proportioning can be performed based on the growth stage and nutritional needs of the seedlings, and cultivation strategies and management measures can be adjusted in a timely manner.

[0147] Disease prevention and treatment: The use of intelligent disease prevention and control systems and intelligent treatment equipment can quickly and effectively prevent and control the spread of diseases and ensure the healthy growth of seedlings.

[0148] Data recording and analysis: Using intelligent management systems and advanced statistical analysis methods, key data can be recorded and analyzed in detail, providing strong support for the optimization and improvement of the seedling cultivation process.

[0149] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect samples of southern sea cucumber populations, use SSR markers, SNP markers, AFLP markers and RAPD markers to perform genetic analysis on the samples, and screen out parent sea cucumbers with fast growth rate, strong stress resistance, full body shape, delicious meat and high fertility; S2. Perform health checks and pathogen tests on the selected parent sea cucumbers, and after confirming that they do not carry pathogens and genetic diseases, carry out artificial breeding to obtain fertilized eggs; S3. Implement incubation management for fertilized eggs, control the water temperature, salinity, light and dissolved oxygen conditions of the incubation environment, and regularly test and regulate the water quality of the incubation water to ensure the normal development of the fertilized eggs; S4. Carry out initial cultivation of the hatched seedlings, provide suitable feed and growth environment, select and proportion feed according to the growth stage and nutritional requirements of the seedlings, and monitor the growth and health of the seedlings; S5. During the seedling cultivation period, the growth and health of the seedlings shall be continuously monitored, and necessary management measures shall be taken according to the monitoring results, including adjusting the stocking density, controlling the light and temperature conditions, and preventing and treating diseases, so as to improve the survival rate and quality of the seedlings; S6. When the seedlings reach a certain size, they are sorted according to their growth rate and health status, and cultured in one of the following ways: separate ponds and separate cages, to promote further growth and development of the seedlings until they reach commercial specifications; S7. During the entire breeding process, record and analyze data, including genetic marker analysis results, hatching rate, survival rate, growth rate and feed conversion rate.

2. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, health check and pathogen detection include bacteria, virus and parasite detection.

3. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, hatching management also includes regular maintenance and cleaning of the hatching equipment.

4. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the initial cultivation includes adjusting the feed type, feeding amount and feeding frequency according to the growth of the seedlings and environmental conditions.

5. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the management measures also include regular disinfection and replacement of the aquaculture water.

6. A method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the cultivation in either the pool or cage method also includes timely grouping and merging according to the number and growth conditions of the seedlings in the cultivation unit.

7. The method for artificial breeding of southern sea cucumbers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, data recording and analysis also includes evaluation of the effect of genetic marker-assisted breeding technology.

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