Anti-infection odor-removing dressing and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-infection and odor-removing dressing and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of medical supplies. The anti-infection and odor-removing dressing sequentially comprises a bacteria adhering layer, a seepage absorbing layer and an odor absorbing layer, the bacteria adhesion layer is a porous membrane layer with hydrophobic property, and the porous membrane layer comprises any one or a combination of two of a polyolefin porous fiber membrane material and an alkyl chain-containing porous membrane material; the seepage absorbing layer is a film layer capable of absorbing liquid; the odor adsorption layer comprises an adsorbent; the bacterial adhesion layer has hydrophobic performance, is beneficial to adsorption of wound microorganisms, is beneficial to improvement of seepage absorption of the seepage absorption layer, improves the air permeability of the dressing, keeps the wound dry and comfortable, can promote the seepage layer to rapidly absorb seepage, is beneficial to wound healing and reduces peculiar smell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical supplies, and in particular to an anti-infection and deodorizing dressing and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The main methods for controlling chronic infected wounds include antibiotic treatment, anti-infective dressings, debridement, negative pressure drainage therapy, etc. These methods can effectively control infection and promote wound healing to a certain extent, but they also have some disadvantages, such as:

[0003] (1) Antibiotic treatment: Antibiotics are one of the commonly used methods for treating chronic infected wounds in clinical practice. However, excessive use of antibiotics may lead to increased bacterial resistance, resulting in reduced treatment efficacy. In addition, the use of antibiotics in dressings may result in higher costs, and in some cases, the treatment effect is not ideal.

[0004] (2) Anti-infection dressings: Anti-infection dressings are mainly dressings with active anti-infection substances added. When used, they release active substances to kill wound-infecting microorganisms and control wound infection. Active anti-infection substances are generally cytotoxic and can easily cause allergies, poisoning, and delayed healing in patients.

[0005] (3) Debridement: Debridement is an important means to remove necrotic tissue and reduce bacterial load, which helps promote wound healing. However, surgical debridement may cause local pain, and the use of ordinary dressings may take a long time to heal. Improper care can easily cause odor.

[0006] (4) Negative pressure drainage therapy: Negative pressure drainage therapy uses negative pressure to remove wound secretions and promote the growth of granulation tissue, which helps to reduce local edema and remove necrotic tissue. However, the use of ordinary dressings may take a long time to heal and require frequent dressing changes. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides an anti-infection and deodorizing dressing and a preparation method thereof, the purpose of which is to provide a dressing with high adsorption capacity to reduce the frequency of dressing replacement; another purpose of the present application is to reduce bacterial invasion of the skin and promote wound healing; another purpose of the present invention is to provide a dressing with good odor absorption effect to improve the comfort of users and medical staff.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides an anti-infection and odor-removing dressing:

[0009] An anti-infection and odor-removing dressing, comprising a bacteria-adhering layer, a liquid-absorbing layer, and an odor-absorbing layer in sequence;

[0010] The adhesion bacteria layer is a hydrophobic porous membrane layer, and the porous membrane layer includes any one of a polyolefin porous fiber membrane material and an alkyl chain-containing porous membrane material, or a combination of two thereof;

[0011] The liquid-absorbing and liquid-permeable layer is a film layer capable of absorbing liquid;

[0012] The odor adsorbing layer includes an adsorbent.

[0013] Wound infection microorganisms are hydrophobic, and bacteria tend to avoid water and aggregate in water environments. This non-covalent weak interaction allows bacteria and fungal cells with strong hydrophobicity to more easily bind to the surface of materials with strong hydrophobicity (such as polyolefin porous fiber membrane materials and porous membrane materials containing alkyl chains); when microorganisms and materials adhere together through hydrophobic interactions, hydrophobic materials can restrict the movement of microbial cells and fix them in specific locations; the movement ability of microorganisms fixed on the fiber surface is weakened and the metabolism is slowed down, which reduces their ability to grow and reproduce, and the release of bacterial toxins will also be reduced.

[0014] The porous structure on the adhered bacteria layer is conducive to the contact between the exudate absorption layer and the exudate, such as wound exudate, and can also improve the air permeability of the dressing and keep the wound dry. It can promote the exudate layer to quickly absorb the exudate, which is beneficial to wound healing and reduces odor generation.

[0015] The adsorbent in the odor adsorption layer can further remove the odor that may be generated, so that the obtained anti-infection and odor-removing dressing has good anti-infection performance, high adsorption capacity, and can better promote wound healing and remove odor.

[0016] The micron-sized porous membrane material of the alkyl chain is a polymer material invented by Zhende.

[0017] The alkyl chains on the surface of the micron-sized porous membrane are composited by grafting or coating on the surface of the micron-sized porous membrane substrate, preferably by grafting to achieve alkyl chain modification; or by spinning the alkyl chain-modified polymer spinning solution to obtain a micron-sized alkyl chain-modified porous fiber membrane. The fiber diameter is preferably 0.1 to 7 μm.

[0018] The material of the micron-sized porous membrane substrate is a polymer containing hydroxyl groups; the alkyl chain on the surface of the micron-sized porous membrane is obtained by grafting alkyl acyl chloride. The alkyl acyl chloride is substituted with the hydroxyl group to achieve grafting and obtain an amide or carboxylate structure. The mass of the alkyl chain is 0-5% of the mass of the micron-sized porous membrane.

[0019] The micron-sized porous membrane substrate is preferably a micron-sized porous fiber membrane substrate, and the material is one or more of cotton fiber, hemp fiber, cellulose nanofiber, hyaluronic acid fiber, sodium alginate fiber, and preferably a composite membrane comprising cotton fiber and cellulose nanofiber. The micron-sized porous fiber membrane substrate is preferably a micron-sized porous fiber membrane composite substrate composed of cotton fiber and cellulose nanofiber, and the cotton fiber content is preferably 50-80wt%, more preferably 55-70wt%; the cotton fiber diameter is 10-15μm, and the cellulose ultrafine fiber diameter is 0.1-9μm, preferably 2-4μm.

[0020] Furthermore, the pore size of the porous membrane layer is 3-25 mm, and the diameter is 13×13.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the adhered bacteria layer is 0.5-3 mm.

[0022] If the pore size of the porous membrane layer is too small and the thickness of the adhesion bacteria layer is too thick, it is not conducive to the contact between the absorption exudate layer and the exudate. If the pore size is too large, the adsorption and fixation performance of wound infection microorganisms will be poor, which is not conducive to wound healing.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid-absorbing exudate layer contains essential oil, which, based on the mass of the liquid-absorbing exudate layer, includes one or a combination of 1-10wt% rock rose essential oil, 3-12% helichrysum essential oil, 5%-15% myrrh essential oil and 2-20wt% chamomile essential oil.

[0024] Furthermore, the liquid-permeable absorption layer includes any one of porous silicone gel and polyurethane foam or a combination of the two.

[0025] Furthermore, the absorption and liquid permeability layer is a porous silicone gel with a pore size of 1-5 mm and a porosity of 60%-80%.

[0026] Furthermore, the thickness of the liquid-permeable absorption layer is 3-10 mm.

[0027] Absorbing the essential oil contained in the exudate layer is beneficial to wound healing. Essential oils have aromatic substances, which will release aromatic scent under the action of exudate, making patients feel happy.

[0028] Both the bacterial adhesion layer and the exudate absorption layer have a porous structure, which is conducive to the contact between essential oils and wounds, thereby better promoting wound healing.

[0029] Due to the characteristics of the components of the liquid-absorbing layer, the material formed is an open porous structure with a high surface area and thus has a strong adsorption capacity.

[0030] When the absorbent layer comes into contact with liquid, the liquid molecules enter these tiny pores. This process is achieved through intermolecular interaction and surface adsorption. Due to its hydrophilic surface, it can effectively attract and retain water.

[0031] In addition, the absorbent layer reaches a dynamic equilibrium state in the process of absorbing water, that is, the absorption rate matches the release rate. This characteristic enables it to effectively manage liquid when absorbing exudate and prevent oversaturation or leakage.

[0032] Furthermore, the adsorbent includes any one or more combinations of activated carbon, bamboo charcoal, molecular sieve, and silica gel; and the thickness of the odor adsorption layer is 3-10 mm.

[0033] The absorption layer has a highly developed pore structure, including micropores, mesopores and macropores, which provide a huge specific surface area. When odor molecules come into contact with this layer, they are captured and fixed by the micropores on the surface of the activated carbon, thereby achieving adsorption. This physical adsorption is achieved through intermolecular forces such as van der Waals forces, which allow odor molecules to be adsorbed in this layer.

[0034] Furthermore, the anti-infection and deodorizing dressing also includes a fixing layer, which is arranged on the odor absorption layer, and the fixing layer is used to adhere the anti-infection and deodorizing dressing to other materials.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixing layer is made of a polyurethane film with a thickness of 0.5-3 mm.

[0036] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an anti-infection and deodorizing dressing:

[0037] A method for preparing an anti-infection and deodorizing dressing comprises the steps of compounding the bacteria adhesion layer, the exudate absorption layer and the odor absorption layer into a whole by any one of suturing, adhesion and hot pressing to obtain the dressing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of the cytotoxicity of the dressings of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the comparative example.

[0039] Beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. Through the use of physical mechanism (hydrophobicity) to irreversibly adhere and fix bacteria and fungi, when changing the dressing, the bacteria and fungi are taken away. No chemical active ingredients are added, no cytotoxicity, and it can be applied to any population;

[0041] 2. Effectively absorb wound exudate and have a fragrant aroma that makes patients and medical staff happy.

[0042] 3. The dressing is designed with a multi-layer structure. The first layer is the microbial adhesion layer to effectively control wound infection. The exudate absorption layer fully absorbs wound exudate to ensure that the exudate does not enter the odor absorption layer, thereby extending the use time of the product. Normally, a single dressing can be used for no more than 7 days, while this dressing can be used for 14 to 30 days. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] An anti-infective and anti-odor dressing consists of four layers:

[0046] The first layer is the bacteria adhesion layer (1mm thick), which is made of a mesh material woven from micron-grade polyolefin (polyethylene) porous fiber membrane material, with a mesh size of 12mm×12mm and a warp and weft density of 10×10. This aperture can effectively adhere to microorganisms on the one hand, and allow wound exudate to pass through effectively on the other.

[0047] The second layer is the liquid absorption layer (5mm thick), which is made of silicone gel with 5% rock rose essence added. It is made into a material with holes on the surface. The pore size is 1mm and the porosity is 65%. This pore size does not allow liquid to pass through, but allows odor to penetrate effectively.

[0048] The third layer is an odor absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of activated carbon and is made into a sheet material.

[0049] The fourth layer is a fixed layer (1 mm thick) made of polyurethane (PU) film.

[0050] The second absorbent night-absorbing layer is made of silicone gel. This layer has good adhesion and is directly adhered to the first and third layers. It is cut into different specifications and shapes according to market demand. The fourth fixing layer (polyurethane film) is adhered to the aforementioned three-layer odor-absorbing layer with adhesive. At the same time, the fourth layer has an extra 3 cm edge for sticking to the wound.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] An anti-infective and anti-odor dressing consists of four layers:

[0053] The first layer is the bacteria adhesion layer (1mm thick), which is made of a mesh material woven from micron-grade polyolefin porous fiber membrane material, with a mesh size of 12mm×12mm and a warp and weft density of 15×15. This aperture can effectively adhere to microorganisms on the one hand, and allow wound exudate to pass through effectively on the other.

[0054] The second layer is a liquid absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of polyurethane foam with 8% helichrysum essential oil added.

[0055] The third layer is an odor absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of activated carbon and is made into a sheet material.

[0056] The fourth layer is a fixed layer (1 mm thick) made of polyurethane (PU) film.

[0057] The first to third layers are combined in sequence by suturing technology, and are cut into different specifications and shapes according to market demand. The fourth fixing layer (polyurethane film) is adhered to the aforementioned three odor-absorbing layers by adhesive, and the fourth layer has an extra 3 cm edge for adhering to the wound.

[0058] Embodiment 3:

[0059] An anti-infective and anti-odor dressing consists of four layers:

[0060] The first layer is the bacterial adhesion layer (1mm thick), which is made of a mesh material woven from a micron-sized porous membrane material with an alkyl chain, with a mesh size of 12mm×12mm and a warp and weft density of 13×13. This pore size can effectively adhere to microorganisms on the one hand, and allow wound exudate to pass through effectively on the other.

[0061] The alkyl chain on the surface of the micron-sized porous membrane is obtained by grafting alkyl acyl chloride, and the alkyl acyl chloride is substituted with the hydroxyl group to achieve grafting; the mass of the alkyl chain is 5% of the mass of the micron-sized porous membrane, and the material is cotton fiber, and the diameter of the cotton fiber is preferably 0.5 μm.

[0062] The second layer is a liquid absorption layer (5mm thick), made of silicone gel with 10% chamomile essential oil added. It is made into a material with holes on the surface, with a pore size of 1mm and a porosity of 80%. This pore size does not allow liquid to pass through, but allows odor to penetrate effectively.

[0063] The third layer is an odor absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of activated carbon and is made into a sheet material.

[0064] The fourth layer is a fixed layer (1 mm thick) made of polyurethane (PU) film.

[0065] The second absorbent night-absorbing layer is made of silicone gel. This layer has good adhesion and is directly adhered to the first and third layers. It is cut into different specifications and shapes according to market demand. The fourth fixing layer (polyurethane film) is adhered to the aforementioned three-layer odor-absorbing layer with adhesive. At the same time, the fourth layer has an extra 3 cm edge for sticking to the wound.

[0066] Embodiment 4:

[0067] An anti-infective and anti-odor dressing consists of four layers:

[0068] The first layer is the bacterial adhesion layer (1mm thick), which is a grid-like material woven from a micron-sized porous membrane material with an alkyl chain. The mesh size is 12mm×12mm and the warp and weft density is 13×13. This pore size can effectively adhere to microorganisms on the one hand, and allow wound exudate to pass through effectively on the other.

[0069] The second layer is a liquid absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of polyurethane foam with 7% myrrh essential oil added.

[0070] The third layer is an odor absorption layer (5 mm thick), which is made of activated carbon and is made into a sheet material.

[0071] The fourth layer is a fixed layer (1 mm thick) made of polyurethane (PU) film.

[0072] The first to third layers are combined in sequence by hot pressing technology, and cut into different specifications and shapes according to market demand. The fourth fixing layer (polyurethane film) is attached to the aforementioned three odor-absorbing layers by adhesive, and the fourth layer has an extra 3 cm edge for attaching to the wound. Depending on the actual application of the dressing, the fixing layer may not be provided.

[0073] Comparative Example

[0074] Silver ion foam dressing (Mepilex), which is composed of a soft silicone wound contact layer, a gray absorbent polyurethane foam pad (composed of silver ion compounds and activated carbon), and a waterproof and breathable protective film.

[0075] Performance testing of anti-infection and deodorizing dressings:

[0076] (1) Cytotoxicity:

[0077] According to the in vitro cytotoxicity test method of GB / T16866.5-2017, the adhesive bacterial layer material contacting the wound has no cytotoxicity, and the cell survival rate is greater than the national standard requirement (≥70%). The test results are as follows Figure 1 .

[0078] from Figure 1 It can be seen that Examples 1 to 4 are all non-cytotoxic, while the comparative silver ion foam dressing is cytotoxic.

[0079] (2) According to GB / T 20944.3-2008 "Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of textiles Part 3: Oscillation method", the antibacterial rate of the dressing was measured to reduce the bioburden. The bioburden reduction of the dressings of Examples 1-4 and the comparative example is shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1. List of reduced bioburden of anti-infective and deodorizing dressings of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] The effect of reducing the amount of bioburden in Example 1 and Example 2 is slightly better than that in Example 3 and Example 4; and the effect of reducing the amount of bioburden in Examples 1-4 is better than that in the comparative example.

[0084] (3) Absorption of exudate

[0085] According to the first part of the test method for contact wound dressings of YY / T 0471.1-2004, liquid absorption, the test results of liquid absorption per gram of dressing are as follows:

[0086] The amount of exudate absorbed by Example 2 and Example 4 (the absorption layer is polyurethane foam) is equal, and the amount of exudate absorbed by Example 1 and 3 (the absorption layer is silicone gel layer) is equal. The amount of exudate absorbed by Example 1 and 3 is 1.5 times that of Example 2 and Example 4. The amount of liquid absorbed by the comparative example is the same as that of Example 1 and Example 3. Silicone gel is a porous material with a large surface area and adsorption capacity, and can absorb a large amount of liquid. Silicone gel will swell after absorbing water, and its adsorption capacity is closely related to the equilibrium time. In contrast, although polyurethane foam also has a certain water absorption, its water absorption capacity and water resistance are relatively poor. The specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0087] Table 2. Absorption of exudate by the anti-infection and deodorizing dressings of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples

[0088] Example Absorbed exudate amount (g / g) Example 1 / Example 13 15g Example 2 / Example 4 10 Comparative Example 10

[0089] (4) Absorb odor

[0090] The test was conducted in accordance with YY / T 0471.6-2004 Test Methods for Contact Wound Dressings Part 6: Odor Control. The results are as follows:

[0091] The effects of Examples 1 to 4 are similar, and due to the addition of essential oil, Examples 1-4 significantly improve the feelings of medical staff and patients during use, which is better than the comparative example.

[0092] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An anti-infection and deodorizing dressing, characterized in that: It includes a bacteria adhesion layer, a liquid absorption layer and an odor absorption layer in sequence; The adhesion bacteria layer is a porous membrane layer with hydrophobic properties, and the porous membrane layer includes any one of a polyolefin porous fiber membrane material and a porous membrane material containing an alkyl chain, or a combination of two thereof; The liquid-absorbing and liquid-permeable layer is a film layer capable of absorbing liquid; The odor adsorbing layer includes an adsorbent.

2. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the pores in the porous membrane layer is 8-25 mm, and the warp and weft density is (15±5)×(15±5).

3. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the adhered bacteria layer is 0.5-3 mm.

4. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-absorbing exudate layer contains essential oil, which, based on the mass of the liquid-absorbing exudate layer, comprises one or a combination of 1-10wt% rock rose essential oil, 3-12wt% helichrysum essential oil, 5-15wt% myrrh essential oil and 2-20wt% chamomile essential oil.

5. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid-permeable absorption layer comprises any one of porous silicone gel and polyurethane foam or a combination of the two.

6. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid-absorbing and permeable layer is a porous silicone gel with a pore size of 1-5 mm and a porosity of 60%-80%.

7. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the liquid-permeable absorption layer is 3-10 mm.

8. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorbent includes any one or more combinations of activated carbon, bamboo charcoal, molecular sieve, and silica gel; the thickness of the odor adsorption layer is 3-10 mm.

9. The anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-infection and odor-removing dressing further comprises a fixing layer, and the fixing layer is arranged on the odor-absorbing layer.

10. A method for preparing the anti-infection and deodorizing dressing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises compounding the bacteria adhesion layer, the exudate absorption layer and the odor absorption layer into a whole by any one of suturing, adhesion and hot pressing to obtain the dressing.

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