Parallel flow radial reactor

Abstract

The invention relates to a parallel flow radial reactor which comprises a shell, a catalytic bed and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a feed gas inlet, a synthesis gas outlet, a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are formed in the shell, the catalytic bed is installed in the shell and divides the inner space of the shell into an upper space and a lower space, and the cooling medium inlet is communicated with the lower space. The cooling medium outlet is communicated with the upper space; the cross section of the catalytic bed is rectangular, four mutually isolated spaces are arranged on the periphery of the catalytic bed, one space is a gas inlet space, one space is a gas outlet space, the other two spaces are dead zones, the gas inlet space is communicated with an inner cavity of the catalytic bed, the gas outlet space is communicated with the inner cavity of the catalytic bed, the raw gas inlet is communicated with the gas inlet space, and the synthesis gas outlet is communicated with the gas outlet space. The heat exchange tubes are uniformly distributed and mounted in the inner cavity of the catalytic bed; and a catalyst is filled in gaps between the inner cavity of the catalytic bed and the heat exchange tubes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a reactor, in particular to a parallel flow radial reactor. Background Art

[0002] Coal chemical engineering projects usually require reactors, such as coal-to-methanol and coal-to-ethylene glycol. Most of the reactors used are fixed bed reactors. In the early days, these reactors were all axial reactors, that is, the gas flow direction was consistent with the axis of the equipment. In recent years, radial reactors have gradually developed, in which the gas flow direction is perpendicular to the axis of the equipment.

[0003] The "Radial Reactor" and "Multi-pass Radial Reactor" published in ZL 2020 2 1361994.7 and ZL2020 2 2170211.3 have greatly improved performance over the axial reactor, but they all have a common problem, that is, the flow channel (or the overflow area) is larger at the front and smaller at the back, or smaller at the front and larger at the back, which leads to uneven flow velocity, that is, the flow velocity is different at different positions of the flow channel, which is not conducive to improving reaction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a parallel flow radial reactor with high reaction efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: A parallel flow radial reactor, the reactor comprises a shell, a catalyst bed, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes. The shell is provided with a raw gas inlet, a synthesis gas outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet. The catalyst bed is installed in the shell to divide the inner space of the shell into an upper space and a lower space. The cooling medium inlet is connected to the lower space, and the cooling medium outlet is connected to the upper space. The catalyst bed is surrounded by an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate, a catalyst bed air inlet side grid, a catalyst bed air outlet side grid, and two catalyst bed side plates. Its cross section is rectangular. The catalyst bed has four The spaces are isolated from each other, wherein one space is an air inlet space, one space is an air outlet space, and the other two spaces are dead zones. The air inlet space is connected to the inner cavity of the catalytic bed through a grid on the air inlet side of the catalytic bed, and the air outlet space is connected to the inner cavity of the catalytic bed through a grid on the air outlet side of the catalytic bed. The raw gas inlet is connected to the air inlet space, and the synthesis gas outlet is connected to the air outlet space. The heat exchange tubes are evenly distributed and installed in the inner cavity of the catalytic bed, and their upper ends extend through the upper tube plate to connect to the upper space, and their lower ends extend through the lower tube plate to connect to the lower space. The inner cavity of the catalytic bed and the gaps between the heat exchange tubes are filled with catalysts.

[0006] Two sets of pressure balance pipes are installed on the shell, and the pressure balance pipes are connected with the air intake space and the dead zone; Make the outside The stress on the shell and internal parts is more reasonable, which improves the safety performance and prolongs the service life.

[0007] The four mutually isolated spaces around the catalyst bed are respectively surrounded by the outer shell, the upper tube plate, the lower tube plate, the catalyst bed air inlet side grid, the catalyst bed air outlet side grid, and two catalyst bed side plates.

[0008] The shell is composed of an upper head, a cylinder and a lower head connected in combination.

[0009] The cylinder is circular or elliptical, and the four mutually isolated spaces around the catalytic bed are all arcuate spaces; when the working pressure required by the reaction bed is low, the use of the aforementioned elliptical cylinder is a preferred solution. Because the elliptical cylinder can increase the pipe layout area and improve the utilization rate of the space. The reason why the elliptical cylinder can only be used in occasions with low working pressure is that the pressure bearing capacity of the elliptical cylinder is worse than that of the circular cylinder.

[0010] The air inlet space and the air outlet space are diagonally opposite to each other, and the two dead zones are diagonally opposite to each other.

[0011] The heat exchange tubes are distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0012] The upper part of the housing is provided with two catalyst loading ports, and the lower part is provided with two catalyst unloading ports; The catalyst loading port is an upward inclined plug, the upper end of which is equipped with a catalyst loading port cover plate, and the lower end passes through the upper tube plate and is connected to the port on the upper part of the catalyst bed side plate; When loading the catalyst, open the two catalyst loading cover plates and load the catalyst into the catalyst bed cavity. Fill the catalyst until it is full and then close the catalyst loading port cover, which makes it very convenient to load the catalyst; The catalyst discharge port is a downward slanting plug port, the upper end of which passes through the lower tube plate and is connected to the port arranged at the lower part of the catalyst bed side plate, and the lower end is equipped with a catalyst discharge port cover plate; When the catalyst ages due to long-term use, open the covers of the two catalyst unloading ports. The catalyst is discharged from the catalyst unloading port, and it is very convenient to unload the catalyst.

[0013] The shell is provided with a plurality of manholes, one of which is connected to the upper space; the upper tube plate is provided with four catalyst replenishing ports; The catalyst replenishing port is connected to the inner cavity of the catalyst bed and is provided with a plug; Considering the space near the upper tube plate If there is a small part that is not filled, you can enter the upper tube plate through the manhole, unscrew the plug, and use a funnel to add catalyst from the four Pour catalyst into the unfilled space through the catalyst hole until it is full, and then tighten the plug again.

[0014] The reactor further comprises a base, and the shell is supported and fixed on the base.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are reasonable design and ingenious conception. The cross-section of the catalytic bed of the radial reactor before is annular, while the catalytic bed of the parallel flow radial reactor adopts a rectangular cross-section. The cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow in the catalytic bed with annular cross-section becomes smaller or larger as the flow increases, and the paths of the particles flowing therein are not parallel to each other, but radial, and the flow rate increases or decreases as the flow increases. The cross-sectional area of ​​the catalytic bed with a rectangular cross-section is equal everywhere, and the paths of the particles flowing therein are parallel to each other, and the flow rate is uniform from beginning to end. In this way, the physical parameters in various places in the reaction bed are consistent and stable, so the chemical reaction is more stable and closer to the ideal state, the reaction efficiency is higher, and the reaction quality is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the parallel flow radial reactor structure.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the EE direction.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of direction B.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the center C direction.

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part I in the middle.

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA direction.

[0022] In the figure, heat exchange tube 1, raw gas inlet 2, synthesis gas outlet 3, cooling medium inlet 4, cooling medium outlet 5, upper tube plate 6, lower tube plate 7, catalyst bed air inlet side grid 8, catalyst bed air outlet side grid 9, catalyst bed side plate 10, pressure balance pipe 11, upper head 12, cylinder 13, lower head 14, catalyst loading port 15, catalyst unloading port 16, catalyst loading port cover plate 17, catalyst unloading port cover plate 18, manhole 19, plug 20, and base 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1-6As shown, a parallel flow radial reactor comprises a shell, a catalyst bed, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 1. The shell is provided with a raw gas inlet 2, a synthesis gas outlet 3, a cooling medium inlet 4, and a cooling medium outlet 5. The catalyst bed is installed in the shell to divide the inner space of the shell into an upper space and a lower space. The cooling medium inlet 4 is connected to the lower space, and the cooling medium outlet 5 is connected to the upper space. The catalyst bed is surrounded by an upper tube plate 6, a lower tube plate 7, a catalyst bed inlet side grid 8, a catalyst bed outlet side grid 9, and two catalyst bed side plates 10. Its cross section is rectangular. The side has four mutually isolated spaces, among which one space is an air inlet space, one space is an air outlet space, and the other two spaces are dead zones. The air inlet space is connected to the inner cavity of the catalyst bed through the grid 8 on the air inlet side of the catalyst bed, and the air outlet space is connected to the inner cavity of the catalyst bed through the grid 9 on the air outlet side of the catalyst bed. The raw gas inlet 2 is connected to the air inlet space, and the synthesis gas outlet 3 is connected to the air outlet space. Each heat exchange tube 1 is evenly distributed and installed in the inner cavity of the catalyst bed, and its upper end extends through the upper tube plate 6 to connect the upper space, and the lower end extends through the lower tube plate to connect the lower space. The inner cavity of the catalyst bed and the gaps between the heat exchange tubes are filled with catalysts; Two sets of pressure balance pipes 11 are installed on the shell, and the pressure balance pipes 11 connect the air intake space and the dead zone; The four mutually isolated spaces around the catalyst bed are respectively surrounded by the shell, the upper tube plate 6, the lower tube plate 7, the catalyst bed air inlet side grid 8, the catalyst bed air outlet side grid 9, and two catalyst bed side plates 10; The shell is composed of an upper head 12, a cylinder 13, and a lower head 14 connected in combination; The cylinder 13 is circular, and the four mutually isolated spaces around the catalyst bed are all arcuate spaces; The air inlet space and the air outlet space are diagonally opposite to each other, and the two dead zones are diagonally opposite to each other.

[0024] Each heat exchange tube 1 is distributed in a rectangular shape; The upper part of the housing is provided with two catalyst loading ports 15, and the lower part is provided with two catalyst unloading ports 16; The catalyst loading port 15 is an upward inclined plug, the upper end of which is equipped with a catalyst loading port cover plate 17, and the lower end passes through the upper tube plate + and is connected to the port on the upper part of the catalyst bed side plate 10; The catalyst discharge port 16 is a downwardly inclined plug port, the upper end of which passes through the lower tube plate 7 and is connected to the port arranged at the lower part of the catalyst bed side plate 10, and the lower end is installed with a catalyst discharge port cover plate 18; a plurality of manholes are arranged on the shell, wherein the manhole 19 is connected to the upper space; four catalyst replenishing ports are arranged on the upper tube plate 6; The catalyst replenishing port is connected to the inner cavity of the catalyst bed and is provided with a plug 20; The reactor further comprises a base 21 , and the shell is supported and fixed on the base 21 .

[0025] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parallel flow radial reactor, the reactor comprising a shell, a catalyst bed, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the shell being provided with a raw gas inlet, a synthesis gas outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet, the catalyst bed being installed in the shell, dividing the inner space of the shell into an upper space and a lower space, the cooling medium inlet being connected to the lower space, and the cooling medium outlet being connected to the upper space; characterized in that: The catalytic bed is surrounded by an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate, a catalytic bed air inlet side grid, a catalytic bed air outlet side grid and two catalytic bed side plates, and its cross-section is rectangular. The catalytic bed has four mutually isolated spaces around it, wherein one space is an air inlet space, one space is an air outlet space, and the remaining two spaces are dead zones. The air inlet space is connected to the catalytic bed inner cavity through the catalytic bed air inlet side grid, and the air outlet space is connected to the catalytic bed inner cavity through the catalytic bed air outlet side grid. The raw gas inlet is connected to the air inlet space, and the synthesis gas outlet is connected to the air outlet space. The heat exchange tubes are evenly distributed and installed in the catalytic bed inner cavity, and their upper ends extend through the upper tube plate to connect to the upper space, and their lower ends extend through the lower tube plate to connect to the lower space. The catalytic bed inner cavity and the gaps between the heat exchange tubes are filled with catalysts.

2. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of pressure balance pipes are installed on the shell, and the pressure balance pipes are connected with the air intake space and the dead zone.

3. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four mutually isolated spaces around the catalyst bed are respectively surrounded by the outer shell, the upper tube plate, the lower tube plate, the catalyst bed air inlet side grid, the catalyst bed air outlet side grid, and two catalyst bed side plates.

4. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell is composed of an upper head, a cylinder and a lower head connected in combination.

5. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder is circular or elliptical, and the four mutually isolated spaces around the catalytic bed are all arcuate spaces.

6. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet space and the air outlet space are diagonally opposite to each other, and the two dead zones are diagonally opposite to each other.

7. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tubes are distributed in a rectangular shape.

8. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the housing is provided with two catalyst loading ports, and the lower part is provided with two catalyst unloading ports; The catalyst loading port is an upward inclined plug, the upper end of which is equipped with a catalyst loading port cover plate, and the lower end passes through the upper tube plate and is connected to the port on the upper part of the catalyst bed side plate; The catalyst unloading port is a downwardly inclined plug port, the upper end of which passes through the lower tube plate and is connected with a port arranged at the lower part of the catalyst bed side plate, and the lower end is provided with a catalyst unloading port cover plate.

9. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a plurality of manholes, one of which is connected to the upper space; the upper tube plate is provided with four catalyst replenishing ports; The catalyst replenishing port is communicated with the inner cavity of the catalyst bed and is provided with a plug.

10. A parallel flow radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor further comprises a base, and the shell is supported and fixed on the base.

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