Hazardous waste treatment and utilization process

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment and utilization process of hazardous wastes. The treatment and utilization process comprises the following steps: S1, collecting wastes; s2, the waste is smashed, specifically, the waste in the S1 is smashed into sheets, and chippings, particles and waste residues generated in the smashing process are screened and collected; s3, primary garbage screening: performing magnetic separation on the sieved wastes in the S2 by using a magnetic separator; s4, garbage cleaning is conducted, specifically, the wastes obtained through magnetic separation in the S3 are cleaned in a sectional cleaning mode; s5, rubbing and crushing: rubbing and crushing the cleaned waste by using a crusher, and then sieving and collecting; s6, secondary garbage screening, wherein the waste materials collected in the step S5 are fed into a magnetic separator to be subjected to magnetic separation; s7, garbage dehydration is conducted, and the materials subjected to magnetic attraction in the step S6 are collected and air-dried; and S8, the waste obtained in the S7 is packaged and then temporarily stored. Compared with the prior art, the hazardous waste treatment and utilization process has the advantages that iron metal can be effectively recycled, and the recycling efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic garbage waste treatment, and in particular to a process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's social economy, the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid improvement of people's living standards, the garbage and waste generated in the process of urban production and life has also increased rapidly.

[0003] The comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste is an important part of the strategic emerging industries of energy conservation and environmental protection. It is an important way to provide resource guarantee for the sound and rapid development of industry. It is also a fundamental solution to the environmental pollution and safety hazards caused by improper disposal and storage of industrial solid waste. It is also a long-term strategic policy to ensure the sustainable development of my country's industry.

[0004] In recent years, my country's various industries have developed rapidly, and the use of metal packaging barrels has increased. However, my country has a large amount of waste metal packaging barrels, and the recycling rate is relatively low. In 2021, the total output of 200L metal packaging barrels in my country was about 130 million, and the actual annual recycling of waste metal packaging barrels was about 11.6 million, with a recycling rate of less than 10%. my country's waste metal packaging barrels have great potential for recycling.

[0005] In addition, when hazardous waste disposal units incinerate waste liquid, they also incinerate the metal packaging barrels together, and then landfill them after solidification. The landfill process occupies a large amount of land and has a great impact on the surrounding environment. Since the scrap metal after incineration still has a certain value, not utilizing it and directly landfilling it also causes a certain amount of resource waste. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects and provide a hazardous waste treatment and utilization process that can effectively recycle iron metals and ensure recycling efficiency.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste, comprising the following steps: S1: collecting waste; S2: crushing waste, crushing the waste in S1 into flakes, and sieving and collecting debris, particulate matter and waste residue generated in the crushing process; S3: the first garbage screening, using a magnetic separator to magnetically separate the sieved waste in S2; S4: garbage cleaning, using segmented cleaning to clean the waste obtained by magnetic separation in S3; S5: kneading and crushing, kneading and crushing the cleaned waste with a crusher and then sieving and collecting; S6: the second garbage screening, sending the waste collected in S5 to a magnetic separator for magnetic separation; S7: garbage dehydration, collecting the material after magnetic absorption in S6 for air drying; S8: packaging the waste obtained in S7 and temporarily storing it.

[0008] Preferably, the waste is inorganic matter obtained after the incineration of hazardous waste.

[0009] Preferably, S2 includes collecting the particulate matter produced by the crushing through a gas collecting hood, collecting the debris and waste residue produced by the crushing through a sieve plate, and the specification of the flake waste is 5 to 10 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the waste in S4 is washed using a drum-type washing machine, with weak alkaline water spraying and washing at the front end and clean water spraying and washing at the rear end.

[0011] Preferably, in S5, a hammer crusher is used to perform secondary crushing of the waste, and the crushing size is ≤3 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic separator is provided with two magnetic rollers and a collecting tank. When the iron-containing material passes through, it is attracted by the magnetic force and is attracted from one roller to the other, while other waste residue falls from the middle of the roller into the collecting tank.

[0013] Preferably, the S7 uses high-pressure natural wind to dry the waste.

[0014] Preferably, S8 also includes finished product qualification testing.

[0015] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are: the method of the present invention can greatly reduce the discarding and stacking of waste metal packaging barrels, thereby effectively alleviating a series of environmental pollution problems caused by them;

[0016] It is helpful to reduce the problem of occupying a large amount of land and causing great impact on the surrounding environment during the landfill process, and also reduce the waste of resources. It can separate valuable scrap metals from hazardous wastes, so that valuable scrap metals can be fully utilized as smelting raw materials, and the separated hazardous wastes can be safely and harmlessly disposed of;

[0017] The present invention uses two magnetic separations and two crushings to ensure the recycling rate, reduce the entry of impurities, and help increase the recycling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the treatment and utilization process of hazardous waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] A process for treating and utilizing hazardous wastes comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: collecting waste; S2: crushing waste, crushing the waste in S1 into flakes, sieving and collecting the debris, particles and waste residues generated in the crushing process; S3: the first waste screening, using a magnetic separator to magnetically separate the waste screened in S2; S4: waste cleaning, using segmented cleaning to clean the waste obtained by magnetic separation in S3; S5: kneading and crushing, kneading and crushing the cleaned waste with a crusher and then sieving and collecting; S6: the second waste screening, sending the waste collected in S5 to a magnetic separator for magnetic separation; S7: waste dehydration, collecting the material after magnetic absorption in S6 and air-drying it; S8: packaging the waste obtained in S7 and temporarily storing it.

[0022] Combined with Figure 1 As shown, when used specifically:

[0023] The scrap metals generated during the incineration and disposal of the collected hazardous waste are temporarily stored in the temporary storage warehouse. The organic matter is completely incinerated during the disposal process. Therefore, the scrap metals generated in this process do not contain organic matter, and no organic waste gas is generated during the temporary storage process. Forklifts are used to transport the scrap metals stored in the temporary storage warehouse to the conveyor loading port, and the scrap metals are manually transferred to the conveyor, and the conveyor is sent to the shredder;

[0024] The shredder shreds the scrap metal generated during the incineration and disposal of hazardous waste. The shredder tears the material into sheets (with a side length of about 5 to 10 cm). The shredded material enters the magnetic separation stage through a conveyor. An air collecting hood is installed above the shredder. The particulate matter generated during the shredding process is collected by the air collecting hood for post-processing. The waste residue generated during the shredding process falls into the collection tank through the holes in the sieve plate below the shredder.

[0025] The shredded materials are sent to the first magnetic separator through a conveyor. Two magnetic rollers are set in the magnetic separator. When iron-containing materials pass through, they are attracted by magnetic force. The iron-containing materials will be attracted from one roller to another, and other waste residues will fall into the collection tank from the middle of the roller. The waste residues are cleaned regularly. The materials after magnetic separation are sent to the cleaning machine by the conveyor. Before the materials after magnetic separation are sent to the crusher through the conveyor, they are cleaned in a segmented cleaning manner. The front end is cleaned with weak alkaline water for high-pressure spray cleaning, and no other cleaning agents are used. During the process, the materials are constantly tumbling and rubbing in the drum cleaning machine, so that most of the impurities attached to the materials are peeled off; the rear end is flushed with clean water under high pressure, and it is also constantly tumbling and rubbing during the period, and is cleaned in all directions. The cleaned materials are conveyed to the crusher through the conveyor. The main working parts inside the crusher are the rotor with hammers. The rotor is composed of hammer shafts, hammers and other parts. The motor drives the rotor to rotate at high speed in the crushing chamber. During the rotation, the material is constantly rubbed and kneaded, and the impurities attached to the material are further cleaned during the process. At the same time, the material is broken and kneaded into particles. There is a grate plate under the rotor part. The material particle size is smaller than the grate plate hole size and sent out through the grate plate hole. The material particle size larger than the grate plate hole size continues to be hit by the ring hammer until the material is completely broken into iron particles of a certain size (≤3cm) and sent out through the grate plate hole.

[0026] The iron particles after crushing and kneading are sent to the second magnetic separator through an automatic conveyor. There are two magnetic rollers in the magnetic separator. When the iron-containing material passes through, it is attracted by the magnetic force. The iron-containing material will be attracted from one roller to another roller, and other waste residues will fall into the collection tank from the middle of the roller. The waste residue is cleaned regularly. The material after magnetic separation is sent to the next link by the conveyor. The material is sent to this link by the conveyor. The air dryer system uses high-pressure natural wind to blow away the water droplets attached to the surface of the material. The air-dried material falls into the collection bag and collection box, and is transported to the finished product temporary storage area by forklift to be sold after passing the inspection. If unqualified products are found during the inspection process, the unqualified products will be directly returned to the production line for re-production until they are sold after passing the inspection.

[0027] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for treating and utilizing hazardous wastes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Collect waste; S2: crushing the waste, crushing the waste in S1 into flakes, sieving and collecting the debris, particles and waste residues generated in the crushing process; S3: The first waste screening, the waste screened in S2 is magnetically separated using a magnetic separator; S4: garbage cleaning, using a cleaning machine to clean the waste obtained by magnetic separation in S3; S5: kneading and crushing, the cleaned waste is kneaded and crushed by a crusher and then sieved and collected; S6: Second waste screening, the waste collected in S5 is sent to the magnetic separator for magnetic separation; S7: Dehydration of garbage, collecting the materials after magnetic absorption in S6 and air drying; S8: Packing the waste obtained in S7 and temporarily storing it.

2. A process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste is inorganic matter after the incineration of hazardous waste.

3. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 includes collecting the particles generated by the crushing through a gas collecting hood, and collecting the debris and waste residue generated by the crushing through a sieve plate, and the specification of the flake waste is 5 to 10 cm.

4. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste in S4 is washed using a drum-type washing machine, including segmented washing, with weak alkaline water spraying and flushing at the front end and clean water spraying and flushing at the rear end.

5. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, a hammer crusher is used to perform secondary crushing of the waste, and the crushing size is ≤3 cm.

6. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic separator is provided with two magnetic rollers and a collecting tank. When iron-containing materials pass through, they are attracted by the magnetic force and are attracted from one roller to the other, while other waste residues fall from the middle of the rollers into the collecting tank.

7. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 uses high pressure natural wind to dry the waste.

8. The process for treating and utilizing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S8 also includes finished product qualification testing.

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