Extruded longitudinal cross-cylinder body spinning forming device and improved process thereof

Abstract

An apparatus for generating and spinning a cylindrical body with external longitudinal and transverse ribs and its improved process are disclosed. The apparatus includes: a main shaft and a blank fixing device; a pair of transmission gears disposed on both sides of one end; a forming cylindrical blank disposed at the other end; and a pair of generating and spinning rollers connected to the transmission gears. The main shaft and blank fixing device drive the transmission gears and the forming cylindrical blank to rotate. The transmission gears are connected to the generating and spinning rollers via universal joints, and the generating and spinning rollers are in contact with the forming cylindrical blank. This invention connects the generating and spinning rollers and the transmission gears via universal joints, ensuring stable and precise generating and spinning while overcoming the shortcomings of existing segmented forming methods for ribbed cylindrical parts, such as long processing time and low material utilization. It offers advantages such as stable forming and high forming quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to an external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylinder generative spinning forming device and an improved process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylinder has a wide application in the industrial field of high-speed aircraft and rocket fuel storage tanks and other aerospace major equipment, and the component is mostly served in an extreme working environment and has the characteristics of high bearing, high precision, light weight and high reliability. There are four kinds of processes for forming and manufacturing the ribbed cylinder, i.e., milling, chemical milling, welding of the reinforcing rib and the cylinder and spinning forming, but the four processes have certain defects. The ribbed cylinder processed through mechanical milling and then bending has a long processing cycle, high cost and low material utilization, and defects such as bulging easily occur at the thin wall in the bending stage, so that the forming precision is difficult to guarantee; the ribbed cylinder processed through chemical milling has a round corner with a radius similar to the processing depth at the rib root, so that the precision of the processed ribbed cylinder is low and difficult to meet the service requirements; the ribbed cylinder formed by welding the reinforcing rib and the cylinder has low strength at the welding seam, which reduces the reliability of the part; the existing spinning forming ribbed cylinder has the advantages of high material utilization and high efficiency, but it can only be formed in one pass, the forming precision of the ribbed cylinder is difficult to guarantee, the forming conditions are high, different molds are needed for different ribbed cylinders, the cost is high, and the universal applicability is low. SUMMARY

[0003] The application is aimed at the problems that the existing mechanical gear transmission mode connects the generative spinning wheel and the transmission gear through a rigid rod, at the initial stage of forming, the two transmission gears have a gap, the coincidence degree and transmission stability are affected, the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylinder cannot be formed with precision, and the ribbed cylinder can only be formed once, and a mold corresponding to the ribbed cylinder is needed, and the like, and proposes an external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylinder generative spinning forming device and an improved process thereof, the rigid rod connection mode of the generative spinning wheel and the transmission gear is replaced by a universal joint, the stable and precise spinning forming is guaranteed, the defects of long forming processing time and low material utilization of the existing split forming of the ribbed cylinder are overcome, and the forming is stable and the forming quality is high.

[0004] The application is implemented by the following technical scheme:

[0005] This invention relates to a generating and spinning forming device for an outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body, comprising: a main shaft and a blank fixing device, a pair of transmission gear devices disposed on both sides of one end, a forming cylindrical blank disposed at the other end, and a pair of generating and spinning roller devices respectively connected to the transmission gear devices, wherein: the main shaft and the blank fixing device respectively drive the transmission gear devices and the forming cylindrical blank to rotate, the transmission gear devices are connected to the generating and spinning roller devices through universal joints, and the generating and spinning roller devices are in contact with the forming cylindrical blank.

[0006] This invention relates to an improved process for an external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component based on the aforementioned device. The process involves multi-pass small-reduction forming, with each pass simultaneously having a spinning roller feed radially and spin the cylindrical blank around its center. Specifically, the process includes:

[0007] The first step is to obtain the volume V and inner radius r of the target external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component according to the required dimensions of the component using 3D design software. i Based on the principle that the volume remains unchanged before and after forming, and the height h of the formed cylinder, the shape and size of the original cylinder blank, i.e., the outer radius, are determined. Inner circle radius r i and cylinder height h;

[0008] The second step involves determining the shape of the generating spinning wheel based on the principle of generating envelope, according to the shape requirements of the longitudinal and transverse ribs of the component. The module of both the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylindrical component and the generating spinning wheel is m. The pitch circle radius of the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylindrical component is r1, and the number of longitudinal ribs is z1. The pitch circle radius of the generating spinning wheel is r2, and the number of longitudinal rib grooves is z2. The number of forming passes n and the forming amount per pass are then determined according to empirical engineering formulas. in For the tooth tip height coefficient, c * The porosity coefficient;

[0009] The shape of the forming and spinning roller is determined by the meshing relationship of the rib shapes of the outer longitudinal and transverse cylindrical components. Its shape design should ensure that the ribs and rollers do not interfere with each other during the forming process, and that the contact points do not slip relative to each other during the forming process, so as to ensure the forming quality of the ribs.

[0010] The third step is to determine the transmission ratio based on the dimensions of the outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component and the generating spinning wheel. Since the pitch circle radius of the outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component is r1 and the pitch circle radius of the generating spinning wheel is r2, the transmission ratio between the cylindrical blank and the generating spinning wheel is i = r2:r1. Then, select the corresponding transmission gear based on the transmission ratio.

[0011] The two forming rollers rotate synchronously with the constant transmission ratio i, the transmission gears are added on the spindle and the forming roller shaft, the modulus M of the transmission gears remains consistent, the size of the transmission gears is determined by the size of the cylinder blank and the forming roller and the transmission ratio, the division circle radius r3 of the transmission gear connected with the cylinder blank is r1, the number of teeth z3 is r3 / M, the division circle radius of the transmission gear connected with the forming roller is r4=r2, the number of teeth z4 is r4 / M, the transmission gear on the spindle is rigidly connected with the spindle, the connecting frame of the transmission gear on the forming roller remains fixed during the forming process, the forming roller is connected with the universal joint, the transmission gears on the forming roller and the spindle remain in complete meshing state from the beginning to the end, and the stable synchronous rotation of the forming roller and the cylinder blank spindle is realized through the mechanical meshing of the transmission gears on the spindle and the forming roller shaft.

[0012] In the fourth step, the axial limiting sleeve is fixed with the mandrel, the cylinder blank is sleeved on the mandrel, the circumferential limiting sleeve is fixed with the axial limiting sleeve, and finally the gland is fixed with the mandrel, so that the cylinder blank is constrained.

[0013] The cylinder blank is widened on both sides in the axial direction, and the axial and circumferential constraints are increased through the gland, the axial limiting sleeve and the circumferential limiting sleeve to suppress the diameter expansion.

[0014] In the fifth step, the forming roller is connected with the transmission gear, and the spindle is connected with the transmission gear, and the transmission gears are mechanically meshed to rotate, so that the two forming rollers rotate synchronously with the blank, the modulus M of the transmission gears remains consistent, the size of the transmission gears is determined by the size of the cylinder blank and the forming roller and the transmission ratio, the division circle radius r3 of the transmission gear connected with the cylinder blank is r1, the number of teeth z3 is r3 / M, the division circle radius of the transmission gear connected with the forming roller is r4=r2, the number of teeth z4 is r4 / M. Considering the forming process, the existing mechanical gear transmission mode connects the forming roller with the transmission gear through a rigid rod, in the initial stage of forming, there is a gap between the two transmission gears on the spindle and the forming roller, the coincidence degree and the transmission stability are affected, and the outer longitudinal rib cylinder cannot be accurately formed. Therefore, the rigid rod connection between the forming roller and the transmission gear is improved to the universal joint connection, so as to ensure the stable and accurate forming of the forming. During the forming process, the transmission gear rotates with the spindle at a constant speed ω1, and drives the forming roller to rotate through the universal joint, the rotating speed ω2=ω1 / i, the two forming rollers simultaneously and synchronously extrude the cylinder blank along the radial direction, the radial feed amount The outer rib is formed until the required number of forming passes n is reached, and the machining is completed.

[0015] Technical effects

[0016] The application is characterized in that two symmetrical distribution structure parameters are distributed on both sides of the cylinder blank, the two spread spinning wheels are synchronously and homodirectionally rotated, and the blank is extruded at a certain feeding speed, so as to ensure that the relative sliding between the spread spinning wheel and the cylinder blank does not occur in the forming process, the constant rotation proportion of the spread spinning wheel and the cylinder blank spindle is kept, the plastic deformation of the outer circle of the blank is formed to form the outer rib, and the entire outer rib structure is spun out, wherein the shape of the spread spinning wheel is determined by the rib shape of the longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder according to the spread envelope principle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a device structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a spread spinning wheel tool holder structure schematic diagram;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a transmission gear transmission gear connection frame structure schematic diagram;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the gimballed synchronous outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder spread spinning forming device;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a spread spinning forming manufacturing method flow chart of the gimballed synchronous outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder spread spinning forming device;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a whole schematic diagram of the application;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a processed outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder member shape schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a target outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] As Figures 1-6As shown, this embodiment relates to a generating and spinning forming device for an outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body, comprising: a main shaft and blank fixing device 1, a pair of transmission gear devices 2 disposed on both sides of one end, a forming cylindrical blank 4 disposed at the other end, and a pair of generating and spinning roller devices 3 respectively connected to the transmission gear devices 2, wherein: the main shaft and blank fixing device 1 respectively drives the transmission gear devices 2 and the forming cylindrical blank 4 to rotate, the transmission gear devices 2 are connected to the generating and spinning roller devices 3 through universal joints, and the generating and spinning roller devices 3 are in contact with the forming cylindrical blank 4.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the main shaft and blank fixing device 1 includes: a spindle 1a, a main shaft connecting transmission gear 1b, a transmission gear limiting sleeve 1c, an axial limiting sleeve 1d, a radial limiting sleeve 1e, and a pressure cover 1f, which are sequentially sleeved on the spindle.

[0027] The formed cylindrical blank 4a is fixedly disposed between the axial limiting sleeve 1d and the pressure cap 1f on the mandrel 1a, and a radial limiting sleeve 1e is provided on the outer side of the formed cylindrical blank 4a to achieve circumferential constraint.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the transmission gear device 2 includes: a transmission gear connecting frame 2e, a transmission gear shaft 2b disposed thereon, a generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear 2a, and a universal joint 2f connected thereto. The two ends of the universal joint 2f are respectively connected to the transmission gear shaft 2b and the generating spinning wheel device 3, and the generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear 2a meshes with the main shaft connecting transmission gear 1b.

[0029] The main shaft connecting transmission gear 1b and the spindle 1a are rigidly connected.

[0030] The generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear 2a and the main shaft connecting transmission gear 1b are kept in a fully meshed state.

[0031] The transmission gear connecting frame 2e remains fixed during the generating spin process, and the transmission gear shaft 2b is connected to the generating spin wheel shaft 3b via a universal joint;

[0032] The transmission gear shaft 2b is provided with a transmission gear limiting sleeve 2c.

[0033] The transmission gear connecting frame 2e is provided with a pressure cover 2d.

[0034] The modulus of the main shaft connecting transmission gear 1b and the developing spinning wheel connecting transmission gear 2a is the same, and the size is determined by the size of the cylinder blank and the developing spinning wheel and the transmission ratio.

[0035] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The developing spinning wheel device 3 includes the developing spinning wheel 3a arranged on the tool holder 3e through the developing spinning wheel shaft 3b, wherein the developing spinning wheel shaft 3b is connected with the corresponding transmission gear device 2 through the universal joint, the tool holder 3e is connected with the spinning machine tool shaft, and the synchronous radial feeding of the developing spinning wheel is realized by controlling the two tool shafts.

[0036] The developing spinning wheel shaft 3b is provided with the developing spinning wheel limiting sleeve 3c.

[0037] The tool holder 3e is provided with the gland 3d.

[0038] The developing spinning wheel 3a is specifically: based on the target outer longitudinal and horizontal rib cylinder component, the shape of the developing spinning wheel is determined according to the developing envelope principle, wherein the modulus of the outer longitudinal and horizontal rib cylinder component and the developing spinning wheel is m, the division circle radius of the outer longitudinal and horizontal rib cylinder component is r1, the number of longitudinal rib strips is z1, the division circle radius of the developing spinning wheel is r2, and the number of longitudinal rib grooves is z2, and the division circle radius of the developing spinning wheel needs to satisfy r2=r1·z2 / z1.

[0039] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 It is a target outer longitudinal and horizontal rib cylinder component.

[0040] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 , Figure 8 It is an outer longitudinal and horizontal rib cylinder developing spinning forming improvement process based on the above device of the embodiment, which includes:

[0041] S01, after the cylinder blank sample 4a is installed into the mandrel 1a, the blank fixing device circumferential limiting sleeve 1e and the gland 1f are fixed by bolts, the axial and circumferential constraints of the cylinder blank sample are realized, the two developing spinning wheels are radially moved to contact the cylinder blank through the spinning machine tool shaft, the main shaft connecting transmission gear and the developing spinning wheel connecting transmission gear remain in the fully engaged state, and the connecting frame of the developing spinning wheel connecting transmission gear is fixed.

[0042] ​S02 start the development spinning forming device, so that the spindle rotates under the condition of the specified speed, through the spindle connection transmission gear drive two development spinning wheel connection transmission gear stable rotation, and then through the power transmission of the universal joint to realize the rotation of the development spinning wheel; Start the spinning machine cutter shaft connected with the development spinning wheel device 3, and carry out synchronous step-by-step radial feeding, and develop spinning out longitudinal and transverse rib shape in turn, until the required forming pass number is reached, complete the processing, and obtain high-precision outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component.

[0043] Through specific actual experiments, under the conditions of the target outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component modulus m=2, inner circle radius r i =50mm, division circle radius r1=60mm, longitudinal rib number z1=20 and cylinder component height h=30mm, cylinder blank inner circle radius r i =50mm, outer circle radius r o =60.5mm and forming cylinder height h=30mm, development spinning wheel modulus m=2, division circle radius r2=60mm, longitudinal rib number z2=20 and development spinning wheel height h=30mm, the specific structure of the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component, cylinder blank and development spinning wheel, the device is operated with the parameters of spindle speed ω1=0.4π rad / s, development spinning wheel pass number n=5, development spinning wheel total feed amount s=2.5mm and feed speed v=0.1mm / s, and the experimental data obtained is that compared with the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component formed without using the improved process, the rib height of the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component formed by using the improved process is increased by 6.24%, reaches the target height 4.5mm, and the rib fullness is increased by 8.83%, reaches the target rib fullness 99.56%.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the mechanical gear transmission mode is adopted to mechanically engage the transmission gears connected with the development spinning wheel and the transmission gears connected with the cylinder blank spindle, the development spinning wheel is connected with the transmission gears through the universal joint, the close cooperation between the transmission gears in the whole development spinning forming stage is ensured, and stable and high-precision forming of the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylinder component in the forming process is realized.

[0045] The above specific embodiments can be adjusted in different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, the protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims and is not limited by the above specific embodiments, and each implementation scheme within the scope is subject to the constraints of the present application.

Claims

1. A forming process based on an external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device, characterized in that, The forming device includes: a main shaft and a blank fixing device, a pair of transmission gear devices disposed on both sides of one end, a forming cylindrical blank disposed at the other end, and a pair of generating spinning roller devices respectively connected to the transmission gear devices, wherein: the main shaft and the blank fixing device drive the transmission gear devices and the forming cylindrical blank to rotate respectively, the transmission gear devices are connected to the generating spinning roller devices through universal joints, and the generating spinning roller devices are in contact with the forming cylindrical blank; The forming process described herein involves multiple passes with small reductions, in which a spinning roller simultaneously feeds radially and spins the cylindrical blank for one revolution in each pass. Specifically, it includes: The first step is to obtain the volume of the target external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component based on the required dimensions of the component using 3D design software. Inner circle radius and the height of the formed cylinder Based on the principle that the volume remains unchanged before and after forming, the shape and size of the original cylindrical blank, i.e., the outer radius, are determined. Inner circle radius and cylinder height ; The second step involves determining the shape of the generating spinning wheel based on the principle of generating envelope, according to the shape requirements of the longitudinal and transverse ribs of the component. The module of both the outer longitudinal and transverse rib cylindrical component and the generating spinning wheel is [missing information]. The pitch circle radius of the outer longitudinal and transverse stiffener cylindrical component is The number of longitudinal reinforcing bars is The pitch circle radius of the spinning wheel is The number of longitudinal reinforcement grooves is The number of forming passes is determined according to empirical engineering formulas. and the forming amount per pass ,in For tooth tip height coefficient, The porosity coefficient; The third step is to determine the transmission ratio based on the dimensions of the outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component and the generating spinning wheel. Since the pitch circle radius of the outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component is... The pitch circle radius of the spinning wheel is The transmission ratio between the cylindrical blank and the generating spinning wheel is... And select the corresponding transmission gear according to the transmission ratio; The fourth step is to fix the axial limiting sleeve to the mandrel, put the cylindrical blank on the mandrel, fix the circumferential limiting sleeve to the axial limiting sleeve, and finally fix the gland to the mandrel to achieve constraint on the cylindrical blank. The fifth step involves generating and spinning the blank. The spindle rotates actively, and the drive gears connected to the generating and spinning rollers and the spindle mechanically mesh to rotate, thus achieving synchronous rotation of the two generating and spinning rollers and the blank. The module of the drive gears... To maintain consistency, the dimensions of the transmission gear are determined by the dimensions of the cylindrical blank and the generating spinning wheel, as well as the transmission ratio. The pitch circle radius of the transmission gear connected to the cylindrical blank is also considered. Number of teeth The pitch circle radius of the transmission gear connected to the generating spinning wheel is Number of teeth During the forming process, the transmission gear rotates at a constant speed with the main shaft. Driven by a rotating mechanism, the spinning wheel rotates via a universal joint, at a speed of... Two spinning rollers simultaneously and synchronously extrude the cylindrical blank radially, with a radial feed rate of... The outer ribs are formed until the required number of forming passes are reached. The processing is now complete.

2. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft and blank fixing device includes: a spindle, a main shaft connecting transmission gear, a transmission gear limiting sleeve, an axial limiting sleeve, a radial limiting sleeve and a pressure cap sequentially sleeved on the spindle; The formed cylindrical blank is fixedly disposed between the axial limiting sleeve and the pressure cap on the mandrel, and a radial limiting sleeve is provided on the outer side of the formed cylindrical blank to achieve circumferential constraint.

3. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission gear device includes: a transmission gear connecting frame, a transmission gear shaft mounted thereon, a generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear, and a universal joint connected thereto, wherein: the two ends of the universal joint are respectively connected to the transmission gear shaft and the generating spinning wheel device, and the generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear meshes with the main shaft connecting transmission gear; The generating spinning wheel connecting transmission gear and the main shaft connecting transmission gear are kept in a fully meshed state; The transmission gear connecting frame remains fixed during the generating and spinning process, and the transmission gear shaft is connected to the generating and spinning wheel shaft via a universal joint; The transmission gear shaft is provided with a transmission gear limiting sleeve.

4. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generating spinning wheel device includes: a generating spinning wheel mounted on a tool holder via a generating spinning wheel shaft, wherein: the generating spinning wheel shaft is connected to a corresponding transmission gear device via a universal joint, the tool holder is connected to the spinning machine tool shaft, and synchronous radial feed of the generating spinning wheel is achieved by controlling the two tool shafts; The generating spinning wheel shaft is provided with a generating spinning wheel limiting sleeve.

5. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The generating spinning wheel is specifically designed as follows: based on the target outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component, the shape of the generating spinning wheel is determined according to the generating envelope principle, wherein the outer longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical component and the generating spinning wheel have the same module. The pitch circle radius of the outer longitudinal and transverse stiffener cylindrical component is The number of longitudinal reinforcing bars is The pitch circle radius of the spinning wheel is The number of longitudinal reinforcement grooves is The pitch circle radius of the spinning wheel must meet the following requirements. .

6. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the forming and spinning roller is determined by the meshing relationship of the rib shapes of the outer longitudinal and transverse cylindrical components. Its shape design should ensure that the ribs and rollers do not interfere with each other during the forming process, and that the contact points do not slip relative to each other during the forming process, so as to ensure the forming quality of the ribs.

7. The forming process based on the external longitudinal and transverse ribbed cylindrical body generating and spinning forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generating spinning wheel and the cylindrical blank are driven at a constant transmission ratio. Synchronous rotation is achieved by adding transmission gears to the main shaft and the generating spinning wheel shaft. The module of the transmission gears is... To maintain consistency, the dimensions of the transmission gear are determined by the dimensions of the cylindrical blank and the generating spinning wheel, as well as the transmission ratio. The pitch circle radius of the transmission gear connected to the cylindrical blank is also considered. Number of teeth The pitch circle radius of the transmission gear connected to the generating spinning wheel is Number of teeth The transmission gear on the main shaft is rigidly connected to the main shaft. The connecting frame of the transmission gear on the generating spinning wheel remains fixed during the generating spinning process. It is connected to the generating spinning wheel through a universal joint. The transmission gear on the generating spinning wheel and the transmission gear on the main shaft are fully meshed from beginning to end. The stable synchronous rotation of the generating spinning wheel and the cylindrical blank main shaft is achieved through the mechanical meshing of the transmission gear on the main shaft and the transmission gear on the generating spinning wheel shaft.

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