Multi-waterproof structure at front end of horizontal main shaft
By designing multiple waterproof structures at the front end of the horizontal spindle, the maze structure is used to prevent foreign objects from entering and use drainage holes to quickly discharge foreign objects, the problem of bearing damage caused by foreign objects entering is solved, the failure rate and maintenance cost are reduced, and production accuracy and efficiency are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411947527.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
The structural characteristics of horizontal spindles cause cutting fluid, condensate, fine cutting or dust to easily enter the spindle, causing bearing lubrication failure, grinding and rust, which in turn damages the bearings and increases production and operation costs.
A multi-waterproof structure with a horizontal spindle front end is designed. By setting a maze between the end cover, inner stop ring, seal ring, middle cover and front cover, foreign objects are prevented from entering the spindle, and a first drainage hole and a second drainage hole are provided under the end cover, so that foreign objects can be quickly discharged under the action of centrifugal force.
It effectively reduces the failure rate and maintenance cost of the machine tool, improves the production accuracy and quality of the machine tool, and thus improves the production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119703154A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a multi-waterproof structure at the front end of a horizontal spindle. Background Art
[0002] In the field of modern machining, the application of horizontal spindles has become more and more common, and it plays a vital role in the machining process of parts. The precision and efficiency of the horizontal spindle not only determine the quality of the finished product, but also directly affect the output. However, the structural characteristics of the horizontal machine tool spindle, including the gaps between key components such as the spindle, end cover, sealing ring and front cover, bring some challenges to the machining process. These gaps provide opportunities for foreign matter such as cutting fluid, condensed water, fine cutting debris or dust, which can easily invade the inside of the spindle from the front end of the spindle. Once these foreign matter enters, they will damage the lubrication system of the bearing and cause lubrication failure. Lubrication failure further causes grinding and rusting of the bearing, which may eventually lead to bearing damage. Once the bearing is damaged, it will not only damage the precision of the horizontal spindle, but also cause the equipment to need to be repaired or replaced, thereby increasing the production and operation costs of the enterprise. Therefore, how to effectively solve this problem has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the machining industry. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, and then propose a multi-waterproof structure for the front end of a horizontal spindle. The structure disclosed by the present invention prevents foreign matter such as cutting fluid, condensed water, fine cuttings or dust from entering the spindle by setting a labyrinth between the end cover, the inner retaining ring, the sealing ring, the middle cover and the front cover, and sets a first drainage hole and a second drainage hole under the end cover to quickly discharge foreign matter under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the failure rate of machine tools, reducing maintenance costs, improving the production accuracy of machine tools, and the quality rate of products, thereby improving production efficiency.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:
[0005] A multi-waterproof structure at the front end of a horizontal spindle comprises a box body, a spindle, an end cover, a sealing ring and a front cover, wherein the spindle passes through the box body, the end cover, the sealing ring and the front cover, the end cover is fixed to the right side surface of the box body, the front cover is fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the end cover, and the sealing ring is arranged between the end cover and the front cover; it also comprises a middle cover and an inner stop ring, wherein the middle cover and the inner stop ring are both sleeved on the spindle, the middle cover is arranged between the end cover and the front cover, and the inner stop ring is arranged between the end cover and the spindle, a labyrinth is arranged between the end cover, the inner stop ring, the sealing ring, the middle cover and the front cover, and the gaps between the components are tortuous, which increases the difficulty for foreign matter such as cutting fluid, condensed water, fine cutting or dust to enter, and avoids affecting the operating accuracy of the spindle, a first drainage hole and a second drainage hole are arranged below the end cover, and foreign matter is quickly discharged under the action of centrifugal force.
[0006] Preferably, a third fixing hole is provided on the end cover, and the end cover is fixed to the side surface of the box body by a second bolt; a sixth groove is provided on the side surface of the inner retaining ring, and a fourth convex plate is provided on the inner side of the end cover, and the inner retaining ring is fixed to the inner ring of the end cover by the fourth convex plate and the sixth groove; a second fixing hole is provided on the middle cover, and a fourth fixing hole is provided on the end cover, the second fixing hole and the fourth fixing hole are axially aligned, and the middle cover is fixed to the side surface of the end cover by a third bolt; a fifth convex plate is provided on one side of the sealing ring, and a fourth groove is provided on the side surface of the end cover, and the sealing ring is fixed to the side surface of the end cover by the fifth convex plate and the fourth groove; a second convex plate is provided on the inner ring of the front cover, a first fixing hole is provided on the second convex plate, and a fifth fixing hole is provided on the other side of the sealing ring, the first fixing hole and the fifth fixing hole are axially aligned, and the front cover is fixed to the sealing ring by a first bolt.
[0007] Preferably, the first water dump trough, the second water dump trough, the third water dump trough and the fourth water dump trough are respectively arranged on the outer circle side of the inner retaining ring, which can quickly gather the surrounding liquid, and the ninth and tenth mazes are arranged in series at the matching positions of the fourth convex plate and the sixth groove, and the second drainage hole is connected with the tenth maze. When the liquid in the water dump trough reaches a certain amount, the liquid in the first water dump trough and the second water dump trough flows to the second drainage hole through the ninth and tenth mazes, and the liquid in the third water dump trough and the fourth water dump trough directly flows to the second drainage hole.
[0008] Preferably, a drainage box is provided under the end cover, the drainage box is connected to the first drainage hole and the second drainage hole, and is used to collect various waste liquids or foreign matter. An anti-backflow plate is provided in the middle of the drainage box to prevent foreign matter in the drainage box from flowing back into the device. The lower end of the second drainage hole is closed by a fourth bolt, and a drainage through hole is provided in a vertical direction between the first drainage hole and the second drainage hole to reduce the backflow of foreign matter. The waste liquid flowing through the second drainage hole can be discharged through the first drainage hole, and the right side of the drainage through hole is closed by a fifth bolt.
[0009] Preferably, a fourth groove, a fifth convex plate and a sixth convex plate are arranged at the contact surface between the sealing ring and the end cover to form a sixth maze, a seventh maze and an eighth maze connected in series in a zigzag manner, so as to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft through the gap between the sealing ring and the end cover.
[0010] Preferably, a seventh convex plate and a third groove are arranged at the contact surface between the sealing ring and the middle cover to cooperate with each other to form a fourth maze and a fifth maze connected in series in a zigzag manner. A fifth groove is arranged on the right side of the sealing ring, and the fifth groove is connected to the fourth maze and the fifth maze to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft through the gap between the sealing ring and the middle cover.
[0011] Preferably, a third convex plate and a first groove are arranged at the contact surface between the middle cover and the front cover, and the second groove and the first convex plate cooperate to form a first maze, a second maze and a third maze connected in series in a tortuous manner, so as to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft through the gap between the middle cover and the front cover.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0013] 1. The structure disclosed in the present invention prevents foreign matter such as cutting fluid, condensed water, fine cuttings or dust from entering the main shaft by arranging a labyrinth between the end cover, the inner retaining ring, the sealing ring, the middle cover and the front cover, and arranges a first drainage hole and a second drainage hole under the end cover to quickly discharge foreign matter under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the failure rate of machine tools, reducing maintenance costs, improving the production accuracy of machine tools, and the rate of fine product quality, thereby improving production efficiency.
[0014] 2. The components in the structure disclosed by the present invention are fixed in layers, and the fixing effect of the components is more reliable, thereby improving the accuracy of the machine tool.
[0015] 3. The structure disclosed in the present invention is provided with a plurality of water-shedding grooves on the outer ring of the inner retaining ring, and the water-shedding grooves are connected to the drainage holes of the end cover, so as to quickly gather the surrounding liquid and discharge it away from the waterproof structure.
[0016] 3. The structure disclosed by the present invention is provided with a drainage box separately, which is connected to the drainage hole. An anti-backflow plate is provided in the drainage box to collect various waste liquids or foreign matter, so as to prevent the foreign matter in the drainage box from flowing back into the device, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the front end of the main shaft.
[0017] 4. The structure disclosed in the present invention sets a labyrinth at the contact surfaces of all adjacent components, which effectively avoids the risk of foreign matter entering the main shaft and ensures the safety of operation. Its structural design is concise and clear, which not only improves the overall reliability, but also greatly simplifies the cleaning and maintenance process, making maintenance work more convenient and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the disclosed structure of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the disclosed structure of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure disclosed in the present invention;
[0021] Figure 4 The present invention discloses a structure Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the inner A;
[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the front cover structure of the structure disclosed in the present invention;
[0023] Figure 6It is a cross-sectional view of the middle cover of the structure disclosed in the present invention;
[0024] Figure 7 The front-end structure of the structure disclosed in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;
[0025] Figure 8 The front-end structure of the structure disclosed in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;
[0026] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of a sealing ring of the structure disclosed in the present invention;
[0027] Fig.10 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner retaining ring of the structure disclosed in the present invention.
[0028] Among them: 1. Box body; 2. Spindle; 3. Front cover; 31. First groove; 32. First convex plate; 33. Second convex plate; 34. First fixing hole; 4. Middle cover; 41. Second groove; 42. Third groove; 43. Second fixing hole; 44. Third convex plate; 5. End cover; 51. Third fixing hole; 52. Fourth fixing hole; 53. Fourth groove; 54. Fourth convex plate; 55. Drainage through hole; 6. Drainage box; 61. Anti-backflow plate; 7. Sealing ring; 71. Fifth convex plate; 72. Sixth convex plate; 73. Fifth groove; 74. Fifth fixing hole; 75. Seventh convex plate; 8 , inner retaining ring; 81, first water trough; 82, second water trough; 83, third water trough; 84, fourth water trough; 85, sixth groove; 9, first bolt; 10, second bolt; 11, third bolt; 12, fourth bolt; 131, first maze; 132, second maze; 133, third maze; 134, fourth maze; 135, fifth maze; 136, sixth maze; 137, seventh maze; 138, eighth maze; 139, ninth maze; 1310, tenth maze; 141, first drain hole; 142, second drain hole; 15, fifth bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.
[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a multi-waterproof structure at the front end of a horizontal spindle is publicly displayed.
[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a multi-waterproof structure at the front end of a horizontal spindle comprises a box body 1, a spindle 2, an end cover 5, a sealing ring 7 and a front cover 3, wherein the spindle 2 passes through the box body 1, the end cover 5, the sealing ring 7 and the front cover 3, the end cover 5 is fixed on the right side of the box body 1, the front cover 3 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the end cover 5, the sealing ring 7 is arranged between the end cover 5 and the front cover 3, and further comprises a middle cover 4 and an inner stopper ring 8, wherein the middle cover 4 and the inner stopper ring 8 are both sleeved on the spindle 2, the middle cover 4 is arranged between the end cover 5 and the front cover 3, the inner stopper ring 8 is arranged between the end cover 5 and the spindle 2, a labyrinth is arranged between the end cover 5, the inner stopper ring 8, the sealing ring 7, the middle cover 4 and the front cover 3, and the gaps between the components are tortuous, which increases the difficulty for foreign matter such as cutting fluid, condensed water, fine cutting or dust to enter, and avoids affecting the running accuracy of the spindle 2, and a first drainage hole 141 and a second drainage hole 142 are arranged below the end cover 5 to quickly discharge foreign matter under the action of centrifugal force.
[0032] The end cover 5 is provided with a third fixing hole 51, and the end cover 5 is fixed to the side of the box body 1 by a second bolt 10; the side of the inner retaining ring 8 is provided with a sixth groove 85, and the inner side of the end cover 5 is provided with a fourth convex plate 54, and the inner retaining ring 8 is fixed to the inner ring of the end cover 5 by the fourth convex plate 54 and the sixth groove 85; the middle cover 4 is provided with a second fixing hole 43, and the end cover 5 is provided with a fourth fixing hole 52, the second fixing hole 43 and the fourth fixing hole 52 are axially aligned, and the middle cover 4 is fixed to the side of the end cover 5 by a third bolt 11; a fifth convex plate 71 is provided on one side of the sealing ring 7, and a fourth groove 53 is provided on the side of the end cover 5, and the sealing ring 7 is fixed to the side of the end cover 5 by the fifth convex plate 71 and the fourth groove 53; the inner ring of the front cover 3 is provided with a second convex plate 33, and the first fixing hole 34 is provided on the second convex plate 33, and the other side of the sealing ring 7 is provided with a fifth fixing hole 74, the first fixing hole 34 and the fifth fixing hole 74 are axially aligned, and the front cover 3 is fixed to the sealing ring 7 by a first bolt 9.
[0033] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown, the outer circle side of the inner retaining ring 8 is respectively provided with a first water-throwing trough 81, a second water-throwing trough 82, a third water-throwing trough 83 and a fourth water-throwing trough 84, which can quickly gather the surrounding liquid, and the fourth convex plate 54 and the sixth groove 85 are matched to form a ninth maze 139 and a tenth maze 1310 in series, and the second drainage hole 142 is connected with the tenth maze 1310. When the liquid in the water-throwing trough reaches a certain amount, the liquid in the first water-throwing trough 81 and the second water-throwing trough 82 flows to the second drainage hole 142 through the ninth maze 139 and the tenth maze 1310, and the liquid in the third water-throwing trough 83 and the fourth water-throwing trough 84 flows directly to the second drainage hole 142.
[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a drainage box 6 is arranged below the end cover 5, and the drainage box 6 is connected to the first drainage hole 141 and the second drainage hole 142, and is used to collect various waste liquids or foreign objects. An anti-backflow plate 61 is arranged in the middle of the drainage box 6 to prevent the foreign objects in the drainage box 6 from flowing back into the device. The lower end of the second drainage hole 142 is closed by the fourth bolt 12, and a drainage through hole 55 is arranged in a vertical direction between the first drainage hole 141 and the second drainage hole 142 to reduce the backflow of foreign objects. The waste liquid flowing through the second drainage hole 142 can be discharged through the first drainage hole 141, and the right side of the drainage through hole 55 is closed by the fifth bolt 15.
[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the contact surface between the sealing ring 7 and the end cover 5 is provided with a fourth groove 53, a fifth convex plate 71 and a sixth convex plate 72 to form a sixth maze 136, a seventh maze 137 and an eighth maze 138 which are connected in series in a zigzag manner, so as to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft 2 through the gap between the sealing ring 7 and the end cover 5.
[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the contact surface between the sealing ring 7 and the middle cover 4 is provided with a seventh convex plate 75 and a third groove 42 to cooperate with each other to form a fourth labyrinth 134 and a fifth labyrinth 135 which are connected in series in a zigzag manner. A fifth groove 73 is provided on the right side of the sealing ring 7. The fifth groove 73 is connected with the fourth labyrinth 134 and the fifth labyrinth 135 to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft 2 through the gap between the sealing ring 7 and the middle cover 4.
[0037] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, a third convex plate 44 and a first groove 31 are arranged at the contact surface between the middle cover 4 and the front cover 3, and the second groove 41 and the first convex plate 32 cooperate to form a first maze 131, a second maze 132 and a third maze 133 connected in a zigzag series, so as to prevent foreign matter from entering the main shaft 2 through the gap between the middle cover 4 and the front cover 3.
[0038] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing the present invention rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed or operated in a specific position, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0039] The above is the preferred operation mode of the present invention, and the description of the specific operation mode is only used to better understand the concept of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements or equivalent substitutions can be made according to the principles of the present invention, and these improvements or equivalent substitutions are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-waterproof structure at the front end of a horizontal spindle, comprising a box (1), a spindle (2), an end cover (5), a sealing ring (7) and a front cover (3), wherein the spindle (2) passes through the box (1), the end cover (5), the sealing ring (7) and the front cover (3), the end cover (5) is fixed to the right side of the box (1), the front cover (3) is fixedly arranged on the right side of the end cover (5), and the sealing ring (7) is arranged between the end cover (5) and the front cover (3), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a middle cover (4) and an inner stop ring (8), wherein the middle cover (4) and the inner stop ring (8) are both sleeved on the main shaft (2), the middle cover (4) is arranged between the end cover (5) and the front cover (3), the inner stop ring (8) is arranged between the end cover (5) and the main shaft (2), a labyrinth is arranged between the end cover (5), the inner stop ring (8), the sealing ring (7), the middle cover (4) and the front cover (3), and a first drainage hole (141) and a second drainage hole (142) are arranged below the end cover (5).
2. According to claim 1, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: The end cover (5) is provided with a third fixing hole (51), and the end cover (5) is fixed to the side of the box body (1) by a second bolt (10); the side of the inner retaining ring (8) is provided with a sixth groove (85), the inner side of the end cover (5) is provided with a fourth convex plate (54), and the inner retaining ring (8) is fixed to the inner ring of the end cover (5) by the fourth convex plate (54) and the sixth groove (85); the middle cover (4) is provided with a second fixing hole (43), and the end cover (5) is provided with a fourth fixing hole (52), the second fixing hole (43) and the fourth fixing hole (52) are axially aligned, and the middle cover (4) is fixed by a third bolt (11). The sealing ring (7) is fixed on the side of the end cover (5); a fifth convex plate (71) is arranged on one side of the sealing ring (7), a fourth groove (53) is arranged on the side of the end cover (5), and the sealing ring (7) is fixed on the side of the end cover (5) by the cooperation of the fifth convex plate (71) and the fourth groove (53); a second convex plate (33) is arranged on the inner ring of the front cover (3), a first fixing hole (34) is arranged on the second convex plate (33), and a fifth fixing hole (74) is arranged on the other side of the sealing ring (7), the first fixing hole (34) and the fifth fixing hole (74) are axially aligned, and the front cover (3) is fixed on the sealing ring (7) by a first bolt (9).
3. According to claim 2, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: The outer circumferential side of the inner retaining ring (8) is respectively provided with a first water-rejecting groove (81), a second water-rejecting groove (82), a third water-rejecting groove (83) and a fourth water-rejecting groove (84); the fourth convex plate (54) and the sixth groove (85) are matched to form a ninth maze (139) and a tenth maze (1310) connected in series; the second drainage hole (142) is connected to the tenth maze (1310).
4. According to claim 1, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: A drainage box (6) is arranged below the end cover (5), the drainage box (6) is connected with the first drainage hole (141) and the second drainage hole (142), an anti-backflow plate (61) is arranged in the middle of the drainage box (6), the lower end of the second drainage hole (142) is closed by a fourth bolt (12), a drainage through hole (55) is arranged in a vertical direction between the first drainage hole (141) and the second drainage hole (142), and the right side of the drainage through hole (55) is closed by a fifth bolt (15).
5. According to claim 2, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: The contact surface between the sealing ring (7) and the end cover (5) is matched by arranging a fourth groove (53), a fifth convex plate (71) and a sixth convex plate (72) to form a sixth maze (136), a seventh maze (137) and an eighth maze (138) which are connected in a zigzag manner in series.
6. According to claim 2, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: The contact surface between the sealing ring (7) and the middle cover (4) is matched by arranging a seventh convex plate (75) and a third groove (42) to form a fourth labyrinth (134) and a fifth labyrinth (135) connected in series in a zigzag manner. A fifth groove (73) is arranged on the right side of the sealing ring (7), and the fifth groove (73) is connected to the fourth labyrinth (134) and the fifth labyrinth (135).
7. According to claim 2, a horizontal spindle front end multi-waterproof structure is characterized in that: The contact surface between the middle cover (4) and the front cover (3) is provided with a third convex plate (44) and a first groove (31), and the second groove (41) and the first convex plate (32) cooperate to form a first maze (131), a second maze (132) and a third maze (133) which are connected in a zigzag manner in series.