Tool changing mechanism of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tool changing, in particular to a numerical control machine tool tool changing mechanism which comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two L-shaped plates which are fixedly arranged in a machine tool and further comprises a controller, a tool taking device, a wiping device, an anti-rust device and a rotating device. The wiping device comprises a collecting box, a pushing assembly and two sponges, the anti-rust device comprises a storage cylinder, an extrusion assembly, a conveying assembly and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, and the rotating device comprises a rotating disc, a driving assembly and a tool to be replaced. And the two sponges can be used for wiping the surface of the operation tool in time after the operation tool is replaced, cleaning of the operation tool after replacement is achieved, and it is guaranteed that the machining precision and machining quality of the tool are not affected when the operation tool is used next time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tool replacement, and in particular to a tool changing mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A CNC lathe is a high-precision, high-efficiency automated machine tool. It mainly uses a turning tool to perform turning processing on a rotating workpiece. The turning tool generally needs to be fixed on a tool changer. The CNC machine tool controls the tool changer to perform mobile turning processing. Since multiple sets of tools of different specifications are installed on the tool changer, it is often necessary to rotate the tool changer to replace different tools for processing during the turning process of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing CNC machine tool tool changing mechanism has the following shortcomings: 1. The existing tool changing mechanism is usually independently installed on the outside of the machine tool and cannot be integrated inside the machine tool, which easily increases the overall volume of the machine tool and increases the occupied space of the machine tool, which is not conducive to saving the application of processing space and increases the manufacturing cost of the entire machine tool.

[0004] 2. During the processing of CNC machine tools, in order to cool down and protect the tools, cutting fluid will be sprayed on the tools in real time. When changing the tools, the cutting fluid remaining on the surface of the working tools can easily cause the working tools to become dirty, which will affect the processing accuracy and quality when used next time.

[0005] 3. The operating tools usually cannot be automatically cleaned after replacement. The cutting fluid adhering to the surface of the tool will cause the tool to rust, thereby reducing the service life and processing efficiency of the tool, while increasing the maintenance cost of the machine tool and the frequency of tool replacement. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a tool changing mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: Provided is a tool changing mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two L-shaped plates fixedly arranged inside the machine tool; It also includes a controller, a knife taking device, a wiping device, a rust prevention device and a rotating device; The knife taking device is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, and the knife taking device comprises a sliding component, a telescopic component and a clamping component, the sliding component is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, the telescopic component is arranged on the sliding component, and the clamping component is arranged on the telescopic component; The wiping device is arranged on the machine tool, and the wiping device comprises a collecting box, a pushing assembly and two sponges. The machine tool is provided with a discharge channel, the collecting box is fixedly arranged on the top of the discharge channel, the pushing assembly is arranged on the top of the collecting box, and the two sponge brushes are both arranged on the pushing assembly; The rust-proof device is arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and comprises a storage cylinder, an extrusion assembly, a conveying assembly and a plurality of atomizing nozzles. The storage cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, the extrusion assembly is arranged on the second mounting plate, a spray hole is opened at one end of the storage cylinder, the conveying assembly is fixedly arranged on the spray hole, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles are fixedly arranged on the conveying assembly; The rotating device is arranged between the two L-shaped plates, and the rotating device includes a turntable, a driving assembly and a tool to be replaced. The driving assembly is arranged between the two L-shaped plates, the turntable is fixed on the driving assembly, and the tool to be replaced is inserted on the outer wall of the turntable. The sliding assembly, the telescopic assembly, the pushing assembly, the extrusion assembly and the driving assembly are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the sliding assembly includes a first electric push rod, a push plate, a first slide plate and two first slide blocks. The first electric push rod is fixed on the outer wall of the first mounting plate. Two guide rails are fixed on the outer wall of the first mounting plate. Each first slide block is slidably mounted on the outer wall of a guide rail. The first slide plate is fixed between the two first slide blocks. The push plate is fixed between the first slide plate and the output end of the first electric push rod. The first electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes a screw rod, a micromotor, a second slide plate and two second slide blocks. An adapter plate is fixed on the outer wall of the first slide plate, two slide rails are fixed on the outer wall of the adapter plate, each second slide block is slidably arranged on one slide rail, a support plate is fixed on the outer wall of the adapter plate, the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the support plate, the micromotor is fixed at one end of the support plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod. The second slide plate is fixedly arranged between the two second slide blocks, the second slide plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the micromotor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a stepper motor, a Z-shaped plate and two electric clamps. The stepper motor is inserted on the second slide, the Z-shaped plate is fixed on its output end, the two electric clamps are respectively fixed on both ends of the Z-shaped plate, and the stepper motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the extrusion assembly includes a second electric push rod, a fixed rack, a movable rack, an extrusion rod and a first gear. The second electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate, the first gear is rotatably mounted on its output end via an adapter block, the fixed rack is mounted on the second mounting plate, the movable rack is slidably mounted on the second mounting plate via two guide rods, the extrusion rod is inserted into the storage tube, one end of one of the guide rods away from the movable rack is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod, the fixed rack and the movable rack are both meshedly connected to the first gear, and the second electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the delivery assembly includes a delivery pipe, a diversion pipe and three branch pipes. The delivery pipe is fixed on the spray hole, the diversion pipe is fixed on the delivery pipe, and several branch pipes are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the diversion pipe. Each branch pipe is fixedly connected to an atomizing nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a DC motor, a second gear, a third gear and a rotating shaft. The DC motor is inserted into one of the L-shaped plates, the second gear is fixed on its output end, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two L-shaped plates, the third gear is fixed on the rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the third gear, and the second gear is smaller than the third gear. Six first positioning blocks are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the turntable, and the DC motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a third electric push rod, a push block, two mounting shells and two connecting plates. The third electric push rod is inserted into the machine tool, the push block is fixed on its output end, the top of the collection box is provided with an avoidance groove for the push block to slide, the two mounting shells are both inserted into the interior of the collection box, the top of one of the mounting shells is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push block, the two connecting plates are respectively inserted between the two ends of the two mounting shells, each sponge is plugged into a mounting shell, a Y-shaped limit plate is fixedly provided inside the collection box, a discharge outlet is provided at the bottom of the collection box, the discharge outlet is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge channel, an elastic stopper is provided at one end of the inner bottom of the collection box close to the mounting shell, and the third electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, a processing table is provided inside the machine tool, and a tool holder is provided on the top of the processing table. A slot for inserting the tool to be replaced is provided on the inner wall of the tool holder, and a second positioning block is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the slot. A number of circular slide grooves are provided on the sides of the slot, and a circular slider is slidably provided inside each circular slide groove. A hemispherical buckle is fixedly provided at one end of each circular slider through a connecting rod, and a tightening spring is fixedly provided between the other end of each circular slider and the inner wall of the circular slide groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the tools to be replaced include a milling cutter, a chamfering cutter, a first drill bit, a second drill bit, a first grinding rod and a second grinding rod. One end of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are all provided with a positioning groove, and the outer walls of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod in the circumferential direction are all provided with a groove for the hemispherical buckle to be engaged.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention can integrate the tool changing mechanism into the interior of the machine tool by designing the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, the tool taking device, the wiping device, the rust prevention device, the rotating device and the two L-shaped plates, rather than independently installing it on the outside of the machine tool, thereby greatly reducing the overall volume of the machine tool, reducing the space occupied by the machine tool, being conducive to saving the application of the processing site, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire machine tool, and being suitable for promotion.

[0018] 2. The present invention designs two sponges, which can be used to wipe the surface of the working tool in time after the working tool is replaced, so as to achieve cleaning after the working tool is replaced and ensure that the processing accuracy and processing quality of the tool will not be affected when it is used next time.

[0019] 3. The present invention designs an anti-rust device, namely a storage cylinder, an extrusion component, a conveying component and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, which can spray an anti-rust agent on the surface of the working tool after the cutting fluid is wiped off by the plurality of atomizing nozzles, thereby maintaining the replaced working tool to prevent it from rusting, which is beneficial to improve the service life and processing efficiency of the tool, while reducing the maintenance cost of the machine tool and the replacement frequency of the tool.

[0020] 4. The present invention designs a wiping device, namely a collecting box, a pushing assembly and two sponges. Since the two mounting shells are plugged into the collecting box, the two sponges for absorbing cutting fluid are driven to shrink toward the inside of the collecting box by a third electric push rod until the two sponges contact the Y-shaped limit plate. Since the spacing between the top and bottom of the Y-shaped limit plate and the collecting box gradually decreases from large to small, the absorbed cutting fluid is squeezed out of the two sponges. The squeezed cutting fluid can only flow into the discharge channel from the discharge port under the shielding effect of the elastic block, and then flow out from the discharge channel to the outside of the machine tool, thereby ensuring the internal cleanliness of the machine tool. There is no need for manual cleaning, which saves labor costs and reduces the safety hazards of manually drilling into the machine tool to clean dirt.

[0021] 5. The present invention designs a number of circular sliders, hemispherical buckles and locking springs, and designs positioning grooves at one end of the working tool and the tool to be replaced. Through the buckle-type plug-in and pull-out structure, the working tool and the tool to be replaced can be quickly pulled out, the working tool and the turntable can be quickly installed after replacement, and the tool to be replaced can be quickly installed between the tool seat slot, thereby improving the tool changing efficiency of the mechanism.

[0022] 6. The present invention can ensure the stability of the working tool during processing by designing a second positioning block inside the tool holder slot. With a number of hemispherical buckles, it is not easy to separate from the tool holder, thereby improving the stability of processing. At the same time, by designing the first positioning block, it can ensure that the working tool and the tool to be replaced can be firmly inserted on the outer wall of the turntable and are not easy to separate from the turntable. At the same time, it is also convenient to pull out the tool from the turntable for quick tool change, thereby ensuring the tool changing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A in the enlarged view; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the figure; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point C in the figure; Figure 7 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point D in the figure; Figure 8 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point E in the figure; Fig. 9 It is a planar cross-sectional view of the machine tool of the present invention; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The enlarged view of F in the figure; Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the machine tool of the present invention; Fig.12 for Fig.11 The enlarged view of G in the figure; Fig.13 for Fig.11 The enlarged view of H in the figure; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tool to be replaced according to the present invention; In the figure: Knife removal device 1, Sliding assembly 10, first electric push rod 100, push plate 101, first slide plate 102, first slide block 103, Telescopic assembly 11, screw rod 110, micro motor 111, second slide plate 112, second slider 113, adapter plate 114, Clamping assembly 12, stepping motor 120, Z-type plate 121, electric clamping claw 122, Wiping device 2, Collection box 20, Y-shaped limiting plate 200, discharge port 201, elastic stopper 202, Pushing assembly 21, third electric push rod 210, push block 211, mounting shell 212, connecting plate 213, Sponge 22, Anti-rust device 3, Storage cylinder 30, Extrusion assembly 31, second electric push rod 310, fixed rack 311, movable rack 312, extrusion rod 313, first gear 314, The conveying assembly 32, the conveying pipe 320, the diverter pipe 321, the branch pipe 322, Atomizing nozzle 33, Rotating device 4, Turntable 40, first positioning block 400, Driving assembly 41, DC motor 410, second gear 411, third gear 412, rotating shaft 413, The tool to be replaced 42, the positioning groove 420, the clamping groove 421, Machine tool 5, Exhaust channel 50, Processing table 51, The knife seat 52, the second positioning block 520, the circular slider 521, the hemispherical buckle 522, the pressing spring 523, Working tool 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0026] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product.

[0027] A tool changing mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two L-shaped plates fixedly arranged inside a machine tool 5; It also includes a controller, a knife taking device 1, a wiping device 2, a rust prevention device 3 and a rotating device 4; The knife taking device 1 is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, and the knife taking device 1 comprises a sliding component 10, a telescopic component 11 and a clamping component 12. The sliding component 10 is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, the telescopic component 11 is arranged on the sliding component 10, and the clamping component 12 is arranged on the telescopic component 11; The wiping device 2 is arranged on the machine tool 5, and the wiping device 2 includes a collecting box 20, a pushing assembly 21 and two sponges 22. A discharge channel 50 is inserted on the machine tool 5, the collecting box 20 is fixedly arranged on the top of the discharge channel 50, the pushing assembly 21 is arranged on the top of the collecting box 20, and the two sponges 22 are inserted on the pushing assembly 21; The rust-proof device 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and comprises a storage cylinder 30, an extrusion assembly 31, a conveying assembly 32 and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 33. The storage cylinder 30 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, the extrusion assembly 31 is arranged on the second mounting plate, a spray hole is opened at one end of the storage cylinder 30, the conveying assembly 32 is fixedly arranged on the spray hole, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 33 are all fixedly arranged on the conveying assembly 32; The rotating device 4 is arranged between the two L-shaped plates, and the rotating device 4 includes a turntable 40, a driving assembly 41 and a tool to be replaced 42. The driving assembly 41 is arranged between the two L-shaped plates, the turntable 40 is fixed on the driving assembly 41, and the tool to be replaced 42 is inserted on the outer wall of the turntable 40. The sliding assembly 10, the telescopic assembly 11, the pushing assembly 21, the extrusion assembly 31 and the driving assembly 41 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the sliding assembly 10 includes a first electric push rod 100, a push plate 101, a first slide plate 102 and two first sliders 103. The first electric push rod 100 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate. Two guide rails are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate. Each first slider 103 is slidably arranged on the outer wall of one guide rail. The first slider 102 is fixedly arranged between the two first sliders 103. The push plate 101 is fixedly arranged between the first slide plate 102 and the output end of the first electric push rod 100. The first electric push rod 100 is electrically connected to the controller. When the electric clamp 122 is After the working tool 60 on the tool holder 52 is clamped, the first electric push rod 100 is started through the controller to shrink its output end. Since the output end of the first electric push rod 100 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 102 through the push plate 101, the first slide plate 102 is slidably connected to the two guide rails on the first mounting plate through the two first sliding blocks 103, the adapter plate 114 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 102, and the two electric clamps 122 are installed on the adapter plate 114 through the telescopic assembly 11, thereby pulling the working tool 60 in the slot of the tool holder 52 toward the end away from the processing table 51.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, the telescopic assembly 11 includes a screw rod 110, a micro motor 111, a second slide plate 112 and two second slide blocks 113. An adapter plate 114 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first slide plate 102. Two slide rails are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the adapter plate 114. Each second slide block 113 is slidably provided on one slide rail. A support plate is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the adapter plate 114. The screw rod 110 is rotatably provided on the support plate. The micro motor 111 is fixedly provided at one end of the support plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod 110. The second slide blocks 113 are slidably provided on one slide rail. The plate 112 is fixedly arranged between the two second sliders 113. The second slider 112 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 110. The micro motor 111 is electrically connected to the controller. When the tool needs to be changed, the micro motor 111 is first started by the controller to rotate the screw rod 110. Since the second slider 112 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 110, the two second sliders 113 are fixedly connected to the second slider 112. Each second slider 113 is slidably connected to a slide rail, thereby driving the second slider 112 to approach the end close to the tool holder 52.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the clamping assembly 12 includes a stepper motor 120, a Z-shaped plate 121 and two electric clamps 122. The stepper motor 120 is inserted into the second slide 112, the Z-shaped plate 121 is fixed on its output end, and the two electric clamps 122 are respectively fixed at both ends of the Z-shaped plate 121. The stepper motor 120 is electrically connected to the controller. When the second slide 112 drives the two electric clamps 122 to approach one end close to the tool holder 52, since the output end of the stepper motor 120 is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped plate 121, the stepper motor 120 is fixedly connected to the second slide 112, so that the electric clamp 122 located at the bottom end of the Z-shaped plate 121 is started by the controller, and the working tool 60 on the tool holder 52 is clamped by the electric clamp 122.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, the extrusion assembly 31 includes a second electric push rod 310, a fixed rack 311, a movable rack 312, an extrusion rod 313 and a first gear 314. The second electric push rod 310 is fixedly arranged on the second mounting plate, the first gear 314 is rotatably arranged on its output end through a transfer block, the fixed rack 311 is arranged on the second mounting plate, the movable rack 312 is slidably arranged on the second mounting plate through two guide rods, the extrusion rod 313 is inserted into the storage cylinder 30, one end of one guide rod away from the movable rack 312 is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod 313, the fixed rack 311 and the movable rack 312 are both meshed and connected with the first gear 314, the second electric push rod 310 is electrically connected to the controller, and when replaced, it is placed on the turntable 40 After the cutting fluid on the outer wall of the working tool 60 is wiped dry by the two sponges 22, the second electric push rod 310 is started by the controller, so that its output end extends toward the end close to the storage cylinder 30. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the adapter block, the first gear 314 is rotatably connected to the adapter block, the fixed rack 311 is fixed in position, and the movable rack 312 is slidably connected to the second mounting plate through two guide rods. The fixed rack 311 and the movable rack 312 are both meshed with the first gear 314, and one end of one of the guide rods away from the movable rack 312 is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod 313, and the extrusion rod 313 is plugged into the storage cylinder 30, and then the rust inhibitor in the storage cylinder 30 is squeezed toward the end close to the spray hole through the extrusion rod 313.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the delivery assembly 32 includes a delivery pipe 320, a diverter pipe 321 and three branch pipes 322. The delivery pipe 320 is fixedly arranged on the spray hole, the diverter pipe 321 is fixedly arranged on the delivery pipe 320, and a plurality of branch pipes 322 are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the diverter pipe 321, and each branch pipe 322 is fixedly connected to an atomizing nozzle 33. When the extrusion rod 313 squeezes the rust inhibitor in the storage cylinder 30 toward the end close to the spray hole, since one end of the delivery pipe 320 is fixedly connected to the spray hole, the other end of the delivery pipe 320 is fixedly connected to the diverter pipe 321, the diverter pipe 321 is fixedly connected to a plurality of atomizing nozzles 33 through a plurality of branch pipes 322, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles 33 are all directed toward the replaced and wiped working tool 60, and then the rust inhibitor is sprayed on the surface of the freshly wiped working tool 60, and the replaced working tool 60 is maintained to improve its service life and working efficiency.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, the driving assembly 41 includes a DC motor 410, a second gear 411, a third gear 412 and a rotating shaft 413. The DC motor 410 is inserted into one of the L-shaped plates, the second gear 411 is fixedly arranged on its output end, the rotating shaft 413 is rotatably arranged between the two L-shaped plates, the third gear 412 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 413, the second gear 411 is meshed and connected with the third gear 412, and the second gear 411 is smaller than the third gear 412. Six first positioning blocks 400 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer wall of the turntable 40. The first positioning blocks 400 are used to position the tool 42 to be replaced to prevent it from sliding off the turntable 40. The DC motor 410 is connected to the controller Electrical connection. When a tool 42 to be replaced is needed to be replaced with a working tool, the DC motor 410 is started through the controller, so that its output end drives the first gear 314 to rotate. Since the second gear 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 413, the first gear 314 and the second gear 411 are meshed and connected, and the first gear 314 is smaller than the second gear 411, the turntable 40 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 413, and the tool 42 to be replaced is fixedly connected to the turntable 40, and then the turntable 40 and the tool 42 to be replaced thereon are driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 413 until the required tool 42 to be replaced is flush with the electric clamp 122 located at the top of the Z-type plate 121, so that it can be conveniently clamped and replaced.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, the pushing assembly 21 includes a third electric push rod 210, a push block 211, two mounting shells 212 and two connecting plates 213. The third electric push rod 210 is inserted on the machine tool 5, and the push block 211 is fixedly arranged on its output end. The top of the collection box 20 is provided with an avoidance groove for the push block 211 to slide. The two mounting shells 212 are both inserted into the interior of the collection box 20, and the top of one of the mounting shells 212 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push block 211. The two connecting plates 213 are respectively inserted between the two ends of the two mounting shells 212. Each sponge 22 is plugged into a mounting shell 212, and a Y-shaped limit plate is fixedly arranged inside the collection box 20. 200, a discharge port 201 is provided at the bottom of the collection box 20, and the discharge port 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge channel 50. An elastic stopper 202 is provided at one end of the inner bottom of the collection box 20 near the mounting shell 212. The third electric push rod 210 is electrically connected to the controller. When the working tool 60 is replaced with one of the tools to be replaced 42, the third electric push rod 210 is started by the controller, so that its output end extends to the end near the turntable 40. Since its output end is fixedly connected to one of the mounting shells 212 through the push block 211, the two mounting shells 212 are connected together through two connecting plates 213, and each sponge 22 The two sponges 22 that absorb the cutting fluid are driven to retract toward the inside of the collection box 20 by the third electric push rod 210 until the two sponges 22 are in contact with the Y-shaped limit plate 200. Since the distance between the top and bottom of the Y-shaped limit plate 200 and the collection box 20 gradually changes from large to small, the two sponges 22 that absorb the cutting fluid are driven to retract toward the inside of the collection box 20 by the third electric push rod 210 until the two sponges 22 are in contact with the Y-shaped limit plate 200. The elastic stopper 202 is small, thereby squeezing the absorbed cutting fluid out of the two sponges 22. The squeezed cutting fluid can only flow into the discharge channel 50 from the discharge port 201 under the shielding effect of the elastic stopper 202, and then flow out from the discharge channel 50 to the outside of the machine tool 5, so as not to cause dirt inside the machine tool 5. The discharged cutting fluid can be received by the collecting barrel to prevent dirt in the factory. It should be noted that the elastic stopper 202 automatically avoids when the two mounting shells 212 shrink toward the inside of the collecting box 20, and automatically resets to shield the squeezed cutting fluid when the two mounting shells 212 are reset to the initial position, so that it can only be discharged from the discharge port 201 and will not flow into the inside of the machine tool 5.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, a processing table 51 is provided inside the machine tool 5, a tool holder 52 is provided on the top of the processing table 51, a slot is provided on the inner wall of the tool holder 52 for inserting the tool 42 to be replaced, a second positioning block 520 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the slot, which is used to position the working tool 60, and cooperates with the hemispherical buckle 522 to realize the rotation of the working tool 60, so as to facilitate the processing operation, a plurality of circular slide grooves are provided on the side of the slot, a circular slider 521 is slidably provided inside each circular slide groove, and one end of each circular slider 521 is fixedly provided with a hemispherical buckle 522 through a connecting rod. 22, a holding spring 523 is fixedly arranged between the other end of each circular slider 521 and the inner wall of the circular slide groove. When the electric clamp 122 pulls the working tool 60 in the slot of the tool holder 52 toward the end away from the processing table 51, the several hemispherical buckles 522 are resisted by the outer wall of the working tool 60 except the slot 421, so that the several hemispherical buckles 522 drive the several circular sliders 521 to retract into the several circular slide grooves through the several connecting rods. At this time, the holding spring 523 changes from the initial state to the retracted state, thereby achieving the following effect: The hemispherical buckle 522 unlocks the working tool 60, which makes it easier for the electric clamp 122 to pull the working tool 60 out of the slot in the tool holder 52, and then the pulled-out working tool 60 is slid toward the end close to the turntable 40 by the second slide plate 112, until the electric clamp 122 located on the top of the Z-shaped plate 121 slides to be flush with the tool to be replaced 42 on the turntable 40, and then the tool to be replaced 42 is clamped, and the clamped tool to be replaced 42 is pulled out of the turntable 40 by the first slide plate 102, and then the pulled-out tool to be replaced 42 is first pulled away from the turntable 40 by the second slide plate 112. Move a certain distance away from one end of the adapter plate 114, and then drive the Z-type plate 121360 degrees to rotate through the stepper motor 120 to swap the position of the working tool 60 with the tool to be replaced, and then insert the removed working tool 60 into the vacant first positioning block 400 on the outer wall of the turntable 40 through the cooperation of the first slide plate 102 and the second slide plate 112, and then drive the tool to be replaced to be inserted into the slot on the tool holder 52 through the cooperation of the first slide plate 102 and the second slide plate 112, and realize the installation under the locking action of several hemispherical buckles 522, thereby completing the tool changing operation.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 14As shown, the tool 42 to be replaced includes a milling cutter, a chamfering cutter, a first drill bit, a second drill bit, a first grinding rod and a second grinding rod. One end of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are all provided with a positioning groove 420, and the outer walls of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod in the circumferential direction are all provided with a clamping groove 421 for the hemispherical clamping 522 to be clamped. The milling cutter is used for milling processing and for cutting off the excess of the workpiece. The first drill bit and the second drill bit are used for drilling. The two are of different sizes and can drill holes of different sizes. The first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are used to grind burrs in the hole wall after the hole is processed. The first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are of different sizes and are used for rough grinding and fine grinding. The chamfering cutter is used to chamfer the edge of the hole.

[0037] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the tool needs to be changed, the micromotor 111 is first started by the controller, thereby causing the screw rod 110 to rotate. Since the second slide plate 112 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 110, the two second sliders 113 are fixedly connected to the second slide plate 112, and each second slider 113 is slidably connected to a slide rail, thereby driving the second slide plate 112 to approach one end close to the tool holder 52.

[0038] When the second slide 112 drives the two electric clamps 122 to approach one end close to the tool holder 52, since the output end of the stepper motor 120 is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped plate 121, the stepper motor 120 is fixedly connected to the second slide 112, thereby starting the electric clamp 122 at the bottom end of the Z-shaped plate 121 through the controller, and the tool on the tool holder 52 is clamped by the electric clamp 122.

[0039] After the electric clamp 122 clamps the tool on the tool holder 52, the first electric push rod 100 is started through the controller to shrink its output end. Since the output end of the first electric push rod 100 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 102 through the push plate 101, the first slide plate 102 is slidably connected to the two guide rails on the first mounting plate through the two first sliders 103, the adapter plate 114 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 102, and the two electric clamps 122 are installed on the adapter plate 114 through the telescopic assembly 11, thereby pulling the tool in the slot of the tool holder 52 toward the end away from the processing table 51.

[0040] When the electric clamp 122 pulls the working tool 60 in the slot of the tool holder 52 toward the end away from the processing table 51, the several hemispherical buckles 522 are resisted by the outer wall of the working tool 60 except the slot 421, so that the several hemispherical buckles 522 drive the several circular sliding blocks 521 to retract toward the inside of the several circular sliding grooves through the several connecting rods. At this time, the clamping spring 523 changes from the initial state to the retracted state, thereby realizing the unlocking of the working tool 60 by the several hemispherical buckles 522, thereby facilitating the electric clamp 122 to pull the working tool 60 out of the slot of the tool holder 52, and then slide the pulled out working tool 60 toward the end close to the turntable 40 through the second slide plate 112, until the electric clamp 122 located at the top of the Z-shaped plate 121 slides to the turntable 40 The tool 42 to be replaced is aligned with the tool 42 to be replaced, and then the tool 42 to be replaced is clamped, and the clamped tool 42 to be replaced is pulled out from the turntable 40 by the first slide 102, and then the pulled out tool 42 to be replaced is first moved a certain distance to the end away from the adapter plate 114 by the second slide 112, and then the Z-type plate 121 is driven by the stepping motor 120 to rotate 360 ​​degrees to swap the position of the working tool 60 with the tool to be replaced, and then the first slide 102 and the second slide 112 cooperate to insert the pulled out working tool 60 into the vacant first positioning block 400 on the outer wall of the turntable 40, and then the first slide 102 and the second slide 112 cooperate to drive the tool to be replaced to be inserted into the slot on the tool holder 52, and under the locking action of a plurality of hemispherical buckles 522, the installation is achieved, and then the tool changing operation is completed.

[0041] After the working tool 60 is replaced with one of the tools 42 to be replaced, the third electric push rod 210 is started by the controller, so that its output end extends to the end close to the turntable 40. Since its output end is fixedly connected to one of the mounting shells 212 through the push block 211, the two mounting shells 212 are connected together through two connecting plates 213, and each sponge 22 is plugged into a mounting shell 212, thereby driving the sponge 22 to extend toward the end close to the working tool 60 until the two sponges 22 wipe the entire working outer wall of the replaced working tool 60 to wipe off the remaining cutting fluid on the working outer wall, or it can be said to be sucked off, so as to achieve cleaning after the working tool 60 is replaced. Since the two mounting shells 212 are plugged into the collection box 20, the two sponges 22 that absorb the cutting fluid are driven to the collecting box 20 through the third electric push rod 210. The interior of the collecting box 20 contracts until the two sponges 22 contact the Y-shaped limit plate 200. Since the distance between the top and bottom of the Y-shaped limit plate 200 and the collecting box 20 gradually decreases, the absorbed cutting fluid is squeezed out of the two sponges 22. The squeezed cutting fluid can only flow into the discharge channel 50 from the discharge port 201 under the shielding effect of the elastic stopper 202, and then flow out from the discharge channel 50 to the outside of the machine tool 5, thereby not causing dirt inside the machine tool 5. The discharged cutting fluid can be received by the collecting barrel to prevent dirt from causing dirt in the factory. It should be noted that the elastic stopper 202 automatically avoids when the two mounting shells 212 contract toward the inside of the collecting box 20, and automatically resets to shield the squeezed cutting fluid when the two mounting shells 212 are reset to the initial position, so that it can only be discharged from the discharge port 201 and will not flow into the inside of the machine tool 5.

[0042] After the cutting fluid on the outer wall of the working tool 60 placed on the turntable 40 after replacement is wiped off by the two sponges 22, the second electric push rod 310 is started by the controller, so that its output end extends toward the end close to the storage tube 30. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the adapter block, the first gear 314 is rotatably connected to the adapter block, the fixed rack 311 is fixed in position, and the movable rack 312 is slidably connected to the second mounting plate through two guide rods. The fixed rack 311 and the movable rack 312 are both meshed with the first gear 314, and one end of one of the guide rods away from the movable rack 312 is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod 313, and the extrusion rod 313 is plugged into the storage tube 30, and then the rust inhibitor in the storage tube 30 is squeezed toward the end close to the spray hole through the extrusion rod 313.

[0043] When the squeezing rod 313 squeezes the rust inhibitor in the storage tube 30 toward one end close to the spray hole, since one end of the delivery pipe 320 is fixedly connected to the spray hole, the other end of the delivery pipe 320 is fixedly connected to the diversion pipe 321, and the diversion pipe 321 is fixedly connected to a plurality of atomizing nozzles 33 through a plurality of branch pipes 322. The plurality of atomizing nozzles 33 are all directed toward the replaced and wiped working tool 60, and then the rust inhibitor is sprayed on the surface of the freshly wiped working tool 60, and the replaced working tool 60 is maintained to improve its service life and working efficiency.

[0044] When a tool 42 to be replaced is required to be replaced with a working tool, the DC motor 410 is started through the controller, so that its output end drives the first gear 314 to rotate. Since the second gear 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 413, the first gear 314 and the second gear 411 are meshed and connected, and the first gear 314 is smaller than the second gear 411, the turntable 40 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 413, and the tool 42 to be replaced is fixedly connected to the turntable 40, and then the turntable 40 and the tool 42 to be replaced thereon are driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 413 until the required tool 42 to be replaced is flush with the electric clamp 122 located at the top of the Z-type plate 121, so that it can be conveniently clamped and replaced.

[0045] The milling cutter is used for milling processing to cut off the excess of the workpiece. The first drill bit and the second drill bit are used for drilling holes. The two drill bits are of different sizes and can drill holes of different sizes. The first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are used to grind burrs in the hole wall after the hole is processed. The first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are of different sizes and are used for rough grinding and fine grinding. The chamfering cutter is used to chamfer the edge of the hole.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two L-shaped plates fixedly arranged inside the machine tool (5), characterized in that: It also includes a controller, a knife taking device (1), a wiping device (2), an anti-rust device (3) and a rotating device (4); The knife removal device (1) is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, and comprises a sliding component (10), a telescopic component (11) and a clamping component (12); the sliding component (10) is arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate, the telescopic component (11) is arranged on the sliding component (10), and the clamping component (12) is arranged on the telescopic component (11); The wiping device (2) is arranged on the machine tool (5), and comprises a collecting box (20), a pushing component (21) and two sponges (22); a discharge channel (50) is inserted on the machine tool (5); the collecting box (20) is fixedly arranged on the top of the discharge channel (50); the pushing component (21) is arranged on the top of the collecting box (20); and the two sponges (22) are both inserted on the pushing component (21); The rust prevention device (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and comprises a storage cylinder (30), an extrusion assembly (31), a conveying assembly (32) and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (33). The storage cylinder (30) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second mounting plate, the extrusion assembly (31) is arranged on the second mounting plate, a spray hole is opened at one end of the storage cylinder (30), the conveying assembly (32) is fixedly arranged on the spray hole, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles (33) are all fixedly arranged on the conveying assembly (32); The rotating device (4) is arranged between the two L-shaped plates. The rotating device (4) comprises a rotating disk (40), a driving assembly (41) and a tool to be replaced (42). The driving assembly (41) is arranged between the two L-shaped plates. The rotating disk (40) is fixedly arranged on the driving assembly (41). The tool to be replaced (42) is inserted into the outer wall of the rotating disk (40). The sliding assembly (10), the telescopic assembly (11), the pushing assembly (21), the squeezing assembly (31) and the driving assembly (41) are all electrically connected to the controller.

2. A tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (10) comprises a first electric push rod (100), a push plate (101), a first slide plate (102) and two first slide blocks (103); the first electric push rod (100) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate; two guide rails are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the first mounting plate; each first slide block (103) is slidably arranged on the outer wall of one guide rail; the first slide plate (102) is fixedly arranged between the two first slide blocks (103); the push plate (101) is fixedly arranged between the first slide plate (102) and the output end of the first electric push rod (100); and the first electric push rod (100) is electrically connected to a controller.

3. A tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (11) comprises a screw rod (110), a micro motor (111), a second slide plate (112) and two second slide blocks (113); an adapter plate (114) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first slide plate (102); two slide rails are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the adapter plate (114); each second slide block (113) is slidably provided on one slide rail; a support plate is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the adapter plate (114); the screw rod (110) is rotatably provided on the support plate; the micro motor (111) is fixedly provided on one end of the support plate; the output end of the micro motor (111) is fixedly provided on one end of the support plate; the second slide plate (112) is fixedly provided between the two second slide blocks (113); the second slide plate (112) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (110); and the micro motor (111) is electrically connected to a controller.

4. A tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (12) comprises a stepper motor (120), a Z-shaped plate (121) and two electric clamping jaws (122); the stepper motor (120) is inserted into the second slide plate (112); the Z-shaped plate (121) is fixed on the output end thereof; the two electric clamping jaws (122) are respectively fixed on two ends of the Z-shaped plate (121); and the stepper motor (120) is electrically connected to a controller.

5. The tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (31) comprises a second electric push rod (310), a fixed rack (311), a movable rack (312), an extrusion rod (313) and a first gear (314); the second electric push rod (310) is fixedly mounted on a second mounting plate; the first gear (314) is rotatably mounted on an output end thereof via a transfer block; the fixed rack (311) is mounted on the second mounting plate; the movable rack (312) is slidably mounted on the second mounting plate via two guide rods; the extrusion rod (313) is inserted into the storage cylinder (30); one end of one of the guide rods away from the movable rack (312) is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod (313); the fixed rack (311) and the movable rack (312) are both meshedly connected to the first gear (314); and the second electric push rod (310) is electrically connected to a controller.

6. A tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The delivery assembly (32) comprises a delivery pipe (320), a flow diversion pipe (321), and three branch pipes (322); the delivery pipe (320) is fixedly arranged on the spray hole; the flow diversion pipe (321) is fixedly arranged on the delivery pipe (320); a plurality of branch pipes (322) are arranged at equal intervals on the outer wall of the flow diversion pipe (321); and each branch pipe (322) is fixedly connected to an atomizing nozzle (33).

7. The tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly (41) comprises a DC motor (410), a second gear (411), a third gear (412) and a rotating shaft (413); the DC motor (410) is inserted into one of the L-shaped plates; the second gear (411) is fixedly arranged on the output end thereof; the rotating shaft (413) is rotatably arranged between the two L-shaped plates; the third gear (412) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (413); the second gear (411) is meshedly connected with the third gear (412); the second gear (411) is smaller than the third gear (412); six first positioning blocks (400) are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the rotating disk (40); and the DC motor (410) is electrically connected to a controller.

8. The tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The push assembly (21) comprises a third electric push rod (210), a push block (211), two mounting shells (212) and two connecting plates (213); the third electric push rod (210) is inserted into the machine tool (5); the push block (211) is fixedly mounted on its output end; a avoidance groove for the push block (211) to slide is provided at the top of the collection box (20); the two mounting shells (212) are both inserted into the interior of the collection box (20); the top of one of the mounting shells (212) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push block (211); and the two connecting plates (213) are connected to the machine tool (5); The plates (213) are respectively inserted between the two ends of the two mounting shells (212), each sponge (22) is plugged into one mounting shell (212), a Y-shaped limit plate (200) is fixedly provided inside the collection box (20), a discharge port (201) is provided at the bottom of the collection box (20), the discharge port (201) is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge channel (50), an elastic stopper (202) is provided at one end of the inner bottom of the collection box (20) close to the mounting shell (212), and the third electric push rod (210) is electrically connected to the controller.

9. The tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: A processing table (51) is provided inside the machine tool (5), a tool holder (52) is provided on the top of the processing table (51), a slot for inserting a tool (42) to be replaced is provided on the inner wall of the tool holder (52), a second positioning block (520) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the slot, a plurality of circular slide grooves are provided on the side of the slot, a circular slider (521) is slidably provided inside each circular slide groove, one end of each circular slider (521) is fixedly provided with a hemispherical buckle (522) via a connecting rod, and a tightening spring (523) is fixedly provided between the other end of each circular slider (521) and the inner wall of the circular slide groove.

10. The tool changing mechanism for a CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tool (42) to be replaced comprises a milling cutter, a chamfering cutter, a first drill bit, a second drill bit, a first grinding rod and a second grinding rod; one end of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod are all provided with a positioning groove (420); the outer walls of the milling cutter, the chamfering cutter, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, the first grinding rod and the second grinding rod in the circumferential direction are all provided with a clamping groove (421) for clamping with a hemispherical clamp (522).

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