Wheel with high-strength web and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wheel with a high-strength web plate, which comprises a hub and is characterized in that the web plate is arranged on the outer wall of the hub, a rim is arranged on the outer wall of the web plate, the hub and the web plate are integrally formed, the web plate and the rim are integrally formed, the hub, the web plate and the rim are made of steel, and the web plate and the rim are made of steel. The grade of steel is an ER arc-shaped guide part; the wheel hub, the web plate, the rim and the arc-shaped supporting part are used for changing the shape of the wheel, improving the supporting performance in use and preventing the wheel from being broken, the material of the wheel is measured and calculated through the method, the wheel high in strength and low in production cost is obtained, market use is facilitated, and the safety of subsequent use is further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheel manufacturing, and in particular to a wheel with a high-strength web and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important running part of rail vehicles, wheels are responsible for supporting the weight of the vehicle body, ensuring the running and steering of the vehicle body on the track, bearing all static and dynamic loads of the vehicle body, transmitting driving force and braking force, absorbing friction heat and dissipating heat. The development of rail vehicle transportation towards heavy load and high speed has made the load condition of wheels in service worse and worse, and put forward higher requirements on the manufacturing quality and performance of rail vehicle wheel products.

[0003] In order to ensure the quality, current wheels are manufactured using high-strength materials. When such wheels are in use, energy loss will increase, and the high-strength materials have a certain rigidity and are prone to breakage, thereby failing to ensure the safety of subsequent use. The high-strength materials will increase the production cost. Therefore, a wheel with a high-strength web and a manufacturing method thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention hope to provide a wheel with a high-strength web and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0005] The technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: a wheel with a high-strength web, including a hub, characterized in that: the outer wall of the hub is provided with a web, the rim is provided on the outer wall of the web, the hub and the web are integrally formed, the web and the rim are integrally formed, the hub, the web and the rim are made of steel, and the grade of the steel is ER arc guide.

[0006] In some embodiments, the webs are provided with arc-shaped support portions on one side adjacent to the hub and the rim.

[0007] In some embodiments, an outer wall of the hub is provided with an operating groove, and an inner wall of the operating groove is provided with a threaded through hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the hub is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped guide portions.

[0009] A method for manufacturing a wheel having a high-strength web comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1. The material steel grade is determined based on wheel strength calculation and analysis, so that steel grade ER7 is used for manufacturing, and the steel is heated to the forging temperature, which is usually within the plastic deformation range of the steel but not higher than its melting point, to improve the plasticity of the material and reduce the deformation resistance;

[0011] S2, pre-forging the heated steel to reduce the deformation during final forging;

[0012] S3, and on the basis of pre-forging, further forging is performed to make the steel reach the shape and size of the final wheel;

[0013] S4, then use sufficient pressure to make the wheel start to flow and fill the mold, thereafter through continuous or step-by-step striking and pressing, the material completely fills the mold and forms the desired shape;

[0014] S5. Perform necessary grinding and trimming on the forged wheels;

[0015] S6. After the polished wheels are forged, they need to be cooled naturally in the air;

[0016] S7. In order to achieve the required mechanical properties of the wheel, the forged wheel usually needs to be heat treated and surface treated.

[0017] In some embodiments, the wheel strength calculation and analysis steps in S1 are as follows:

[0018] S11, calculating the distance from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point (c);

[0019] S12, calculating the moment of inertia (I) of the rim cross section;

[0020] S13. Calculate the bending moment (M);

[0021] S14. Calculate the bending stress (σ).

[0022] In some embodiments, in S11, the formula for calculating the distance (c) from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Since the rim is symmetrical, the neutral layer is located at half the thickness of the rim, and t is the rim thickness.

[0025] In some embodiments, in S12, the formula for calculating the moment of inertia (I) of the rim cross section is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] w is the rim width and t is the rim thickness.

[0028] In some embodiments, in S13, the formula for calculating the bending moment (M) is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] F is the load and D is the wheel diameter.

[0031] In some embodiments, in S14, the formula for calculating the bending stress (σ) is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] M is the result of the bending moment, c is the distance from the rim neutral layer to the calculation point, and I is the result of the moment of inertia of the rim section.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0035] The present invention is used to change the shape of the wheel through the wheel hub, the web, the rim and the arc-shaped support part, so as to improve the support performance during use and avoid wheel breakage. The material of the wheel is measured by the method to obtain a wheel with high strength and low production cost, which is convenient for market use and further ensures the safety of subsequent use.

[0036] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is the internal structure diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of area A;

[0040] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structure diagram of area B.

[0041] Figure numerals: 1. hub; 2. web; 3. rim; 4. arc-shaped supporting portion; 5. operating groove; 6. threaded through hole; 7. arc-shaped guide portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "symmetrical", "array", etc. are only used to distinguish between description and position description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the definition of "first", "symmetrical", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited in the form of words such as "two" or "three", it should be noted that this feature also explicitly or implicitly includes one or more feature quantities;

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "installation", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, welding, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood based on the description and drawings combined with specific circumstances.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wheel with a high-strength web, including a hub 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the hub 1 is provided with a web 2, the rim 3 is provided on the outer wall of the web 2, the hub 1 and the web 2 are integrally formed, the web 2 and the rim 3 are integrally formed, the hub 1, the web 2 and the rim 3 are made of steel, and the grade of the steel is ER arc guide portion 7.

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically, an arc-shaped support portion 4 is provided on one side of the web 2 adjacent to the hub 1 and the rim 3. The arc-shaped support portion 4 is provided to improve the support of the wheel composed of the web, the hub 1 and the rim 3 to avoid rigid fracture.

[0048] In the present embodiment, specifically, an operating groove 5 is provided on the outer wall of the wheel hub 1, and a threaded through hole 6 is provided on the inner wall of the operating groove 5. Through the above arrangement, relevant personnel use a fixing bolt to rotate in the threaded through hole 6 to fix the fixing bolt to the axle, thereby fixing the wheel composed of the web, the wheel hub 1 and the rim 3 on the axle.

[0049] In this embodiment, specifically, arc-shaped guide portions 7 are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the wheel hub 1 . The arc-shaped guide portions 7 are provided to facilitate passing the axle through the wheel hub 1 , thereby avoiding scratches between the axle and the wheel hub 1 .

[0050] A method for manufacturing a wheel having a high-strength web comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1. The material steel grade is determined based on wheel strength calculation and analysis, so that steel grade ER7 is used for manufacturing, and the steel is heated to the forging temperature, which is usually within the plastic deformation range of the steel but not higher than its melting point, to improve the plasticity of the material and reduce the deformation resistance;

[0052] S2, pre-forging the heated steel to reduce the deformation during final forging;

[0053] S3, and on the basis of pre-forging, further forging is performed to make the steel reach the shape and size of the final wheel;

[0054] S4, then use sufficient pressure to make the wheel start to flow and fill the mold, thereafter through continuous or step-by-step striking and pressing, the material completely fills the mold and forms the desired shape;

[0055] S5. Perform necessary grinding and trimming on the forged wheels;

[0056] S6. After the polished wheels are forged, they need to be cooled naturally in the air;

[0057] S7. In order to achieve the required mechanical properties of the wheel, the forged wheel usually needs to be heat treated and surface treated;

[0058] Heat treatment such as quenching, tempering, etc.;

[0059] Surface treatment includes descaling, grinding, painting, etc. to improve the appearance and corrosion resistance of the wheels.

[0060] In this embodiment, specifically, the wheel strength calculation and analysis steps in S1 are as follows:

[0061] S11, calculating the distance c from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point;

[0062] S12, calculating the moment of inertia I of the rim cross section;

[0063] S13, calculate the bending moment M;

[0064] S14. Calculate the bending stress σ.

[0065] In this embodiment, specifically, in S11, the formula for calculating the distance c from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Since the rim is symmetrical, the neutral layer is located at half the thickness of the rim, and t is the rim thickness.

[0068] In this embodiment, specifically, in S12, the formula for calculating the moment of inertia I of the rim cross section is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] w is the rim width and t is the rim thickness.

[0071] In this embodiment, specifically, in S13, the formula for calculating the bending moment M is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] F is the load and D is the wheel diameter.

[0074] In this embodiment, specifically, in S14, the formula for calculating the bending stress σ is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] M is the result of the bending moment, c is the distance from the rim neutral layer to the calculation point, and I is the result of the moment of inertia of the rim section.

[0077] In this embodiment, specifically, the wheel strength calculation and analysis, the material steel grade is shown in the following table:

[0078]

[0079] Maximum percentage content of different elements

[0080] Wheel tensile test values ​​Due to the characteristic parameters obtained in the tensile test, the characteristic parameters of the rim and web under different materials are given in the following table.

[0081] Characteristic parameters of flange and web

[0082]

[0083] The impact test characteristics meet the average temperature and minimum temperature values ​​of the ER7 material requirements in the table below. At +20 degrees, use a U-shaped notch sample. At -20 degrees, use a V-shaped notch sample.

[0084] Impact performance parameters are shown in the table below:

[0085]

[0086] The web of a new wheel made of ER7 material can withstand a stress change of Δσ given in the table below to the power of 10 to the seventh power without any cracks, with a probability of 99.7%.

[0087] Delivery status of web Δσ N / mm2 Processing 450 Rolling 315

[0088] The web should not have more than 10 echo amplitudes greater than or equal to the amplitude obtained by the standard defect sample with a diameter of 3 mm; the echo amplitude should be greater than or equal to the amplitude obtained by the standard defect sample with a diameter of 5 mm. The distance between two acceptable defects should be at least 50 mm.

[0089] The wheel hub shall not have more than 3 echo amplitudes greater than or equal to the amplitude obtained by the standard defect sample with a diameter of 3 mm; the echo amplitude shall be greater than or equal to the amplitude obtained by the standard defect sample with a diameter of 5 mm. The distance between two acceptable defects shall be at least 50 mm. For the test on the circumference, no echo attenuation greater than or equal to 6dB is allowed.

[0090] External symmetrical load was applied, and no fatigue cracks occurred after 107 cycles of loading. The loading force is shown in the following table:

[0091] Symmetrical load No belly plate processing Processing the belly plate Identification of radial stress <![CDATA[±168N / mm 2 ]]> <![CDATA[±240N / mm 2 ]]> .

[0092] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wheel with a high-strength web, comprising a hub (1), characterized in that: The outer wall of the wheel hub (1) is provided with a web (2), the rim (3) is provided on the outer wall of the web (2), the wheel hub (1) and the web (2) are integrally formed, the web (2) and the rim (3) are integrally formed, and the material of the wheel hub (1), the web (2) and the rim (3) is steel, and the grade of the steel is ER arc-shaped guide portion (7).

2. A wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 1, characterized in that: The web (2) is provided with an arc-shaped support portion (4) on one side adjacent to the hub (1) and the rim (3).

3. A wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating groove (5) is provided on the outer wall of the wheel hub (1), and a threaded through hole (6) is provided on the inner wall of the operating groove (5).

4. A wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the wheel hub (1) is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped guide portions (7).

5. A method for manufacturing a wheel having a high-strength web, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The material steel grade is determined based on wheel strength calculation and analysis, so that steel grade ER7 is used for manufacturing, and the steel is heated to the forging temperature, which is usually within the plastic deformation range of the steel but not higher than its melting point, to improve the plasticity of the material and reduce the deformation resistance; S2, pre-forging the heated steel to reduce the deformation during final forging; S3, and on the basis of pre-forging, further forging is performed to make the steel reach the shape and size of the final wheel; S4, then use sufficient pressure to make the wheel start to flow and fill the mold, thereafter through continuous or step-by-step striking and pressing, the material completely fills the mold and forms the desired shape; S5. Perform necessary grinding and trimming on the forged wheels; S6. After the polished wheels are forged, they need to be cooled naturally in the air; S7. In order to achieve the required mechanical properties of the wheel, the forged wheel usually needs to be heat treated and surface treated.

6. The method for manufacturing a wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of wheel strength calculation and analysis in S1 are as follows: S11, calculating the distance from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point (c); S12, calculating the moment of inertia (I) of the rim cross section; S13. Calculate the bending moment (M); S14. Calculate the bending stress (σ).

7. The method for manufacturing a wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the S11, the formula for calculating the distance (c) from the neutral layer of the rim to the calculation point is as follows: Since the rim is symmetrical, the neutral layer is located at half the thickness of the rim, and t is the rim thickness.

8. The method for manufacturing a wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the S12, the formula for calculating the moment of inertia (I) of the rim cross section is as follows: w is the rim width and t is the rim thickness.

9. The method for manufacturing a wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S13, the formula for calculating the bending moment (M) is as follows: F is the load and D is the wheel diameter.

10. The method for manufacturing a wheel with a high-strength web according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S14, the formula for calculating the bending stress (σ) is as follows: M is the result of the bending moment, c is the distance from the rim neutral layer to the calculation point, and I is the result of the moment of inertia of the rim section.

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