Preparation method of controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer for corn

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and discloses a corn controlled-release and controlled-release blended fertilizer preparation method, which specifically comprises: 1, preparing a corn controlled-release and controlled-release fertilizer and a short-acting compound fertilizer; the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer are mutually mixed, so that long-term stable nutrition supply to corn is realized, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer has higher fertilizer utilization rate, the fertilizer consumption can be reduced by 20% compared with the ordinary fertilizer, but the defect is that the early-stage nutrition supply is insufficient, and the fertilizer utilization rate is low. The short-acting compound fertilizer is high in fertilizer release rate and capable of providing a large amount of nutrition supply for the corn in a short time, but needs to be subjected to multiple times of supplementary fertilization, and the short-acting compound fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer are mutually blended to form the blended fertilizer, so that sufficient nutrition supply in the early stage of the corn is guaranteed, and the later-stage supplementary fertilization is not needed, and therefore, the labor cost is saved; the phenomena of fertilizer shedding, early aging and seedling burning of the corn are avoided, so that the yield of the corn is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Slow-release fertilizer refers to a fertilizer that is converted into effective nutrients for plants more slowly than ordinary fertilizers after being applied to the soil. The advanced form of slow-release fertilizer is controlled-release fertilizer, which refers to a type of fertilizer that uses various mechanisms and measures to pre-set the release pattern of fertilizers during the crop growing season, so that the nutrient release pattern is basically synchronized with the crop nutrient absorption, thereby achieving the purpose of improving fertilizer efficiency. This type of fertilizer has a long-term and stable fertilizer release rate, which is more conducive to crop growth.

[0003] In the process of corn cultivation, controlled-release slow-release fertilizers have been widely used because of their high fertilizer utilization rate and the ability to provide stable nutrition supply for corn for a long time. However, the existing controlled-release slow-release fertilizers for corn have a slow fertilizer release rate, generally only about 5%. Since corn grows fast in the early stage, it has a greater need for nutrition. If you simply rely on controlled-release slow-release fertilizers to provide nutrition for the early growth of corn, the corn's nutrient absorption efficiency will be greater than the release rate of the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer. At this time, the early growth of corn will suffer from insufficient nutrition supply, which will have an adverse effect on the later growth of corn and cause the corn to be deficient in fertilizer. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer, which has the advantage of long-term and stable fertilizer release.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: First, prepare one portion each of corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer. The corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of granular nitrogen fertilizer, granular phosphorus fertilizer, granular potassium fertilizer, synergist, and granular zinc sulfate, with a ratio of 40%-60%, 10%-15%, 10%-15%, 5%-10%, and 5%-10%. The short-acting compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer in which nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium account for 48% in total and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium each account for 16%. Then, pretreat the two portions of fertilizers and put them into a screening device for impurity removal and screening to remove impurities contained in the fertilizers. Then, put the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer into a pulverizer for pulverization to ensure that the diameters of the various granular fertilizers contained in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizers are consistent. Finally, dry the two portions of fertilizers separately to remove moisture from the fertilizers to prepare for the next operation. Step 2: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into a blender. Through the high-speed stirring of the blender, the various granular fertilizers in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be fully mixed together. Then the mixed controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into the screening device again, and the granular fertilizers and powdered fertilizers damaged during the stirring process are screened out and collected. Subsequently, the screened controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is sent to the hot pressing equipment and polyurethane is added to the hot pressing equipment. Through the special environment of the hot pressing equipment, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is hot-pressed and packaged with polyurethane as a carrier to form a coating. Due to the sufficient mixing treatment in the early stage, the various granular fertilizers in the coating can maintain a relatively consistent proportion to ensure the fertilization effectiveness of each coating. Step 3: The coated corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is placed in a dryer for drying to remove the water vapor mixed in the hot pressing process, and then the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a pulverizer to pulverize the short-acting compound fertilizer into granular fertilizers with the same diameter as the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer coating. After the pulverization is completed, the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a screening device to remove fertilizers with inconsistent particle diameters. After the two portions of fertilizer are processed, the two portions of fertilizer can be placed in a mixer at the same time to mix the two portions of fertilizer so that the short-acting compound fertilizer and the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be mixed evenly to ensure that the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer per unit area are maintained in a fixed specific gravity range; Step 4: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer will form corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, which can provide a stable nutrient supply in each growth cycle of corn. Then the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer is put into a grading and screening machine to grade and screen the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, so that the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer can be sorted into three different grades of finished products: powder, irregular granules and standard granules, so as to facilitate the classification, storage and sale of the three different grades of fertilizers in the later stage, so as to improve the economic benefits brought by the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer and reduce the production and manufacturing costs of the enterprise; Step 5: After the corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers are graded and screened, the three grades of fertilizers are transported to the baler through the material conveying device, and the three grades of fertilizers are classified and packaged through the baling operation of the baler to make bagged finished products. When packaging, the color of the packaging bags can be controlled to distinguish them to prevent the three grades of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers from being confused, thereby causing economic losses to the company. The packaged fertilizers can be sent to the warehouse for storage or directly transported to the market for sale. At the same time, during storage and transportation, attention should be paid to keeping the storage environment dry to prevent the bagged fertilizer products from being affected by moisture and affecting their effectiveness.

[0006] Preferably, the synergist described in step one is made of organic humic acid, which can enhance the efficiency of fertilizers, stimulate crop growth, and improve the quality of agricultural products.

[0007] Preferably, the zinc sulfate described in step 1 can promote photosynthesis of corn, thereby increasing the yield of corn.

[0008] Preferably, the polyurethane described in step 2 has good moisture resistance and resistance to free nitrogen, thereby being able to release fertility stably over a long period of time.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness and size of the coating in step 2 can be manually adjusted, so that it can be reasonably controlled according to the length of the crop growth cycle.

[0010] Preferably, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer described in step three are mixed in a certain ratio, and the optimal mixing ratio is between 20% and 30%.

[0011] Preferably, the graded screening described in step 4 can make rational use of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers with poor quality control, thereby improving their economic benefits and providing more choices for purchasers.

[0012] Preferably, the packaging bags described in step five can be made of three colors: red, yellow and green, and the company's promotional slogans can also be printed on the packaging bags.

[0013] Preferably, the corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer described in steps 1 to 5 can ensure long-term nutritional supplementation for corn while preventing the corn from becoming deficient in nutrients, dying prematurely, and affecting crop growth and development.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes long-term and stable nutrition supply to corn by mixing corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer. Since corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer has higher fertilizer utilization rate, it can reduce fertilizer usage by 20% compared with ordinary fertilizers, and its slow release fertilizer mode can enable corn to obtain nutrition supply for a long time, but has the disadvantage of insufficient nutrition supply in the early stage, and the short-acting compound fertilizer has a fast fertilizer release rate and can provide a large amount of nutrition supply to corn in a short period of time, but needs multiple supplementary fertilizations. The two are mixed to form a blended fertilizer, which will ensure sufficient nutrition supply to corn in the early stage while not requiring supplementary fertilizer application in the later stage, thereby saving labor costs, preventing corn from being out of fertilizer, premature death, and seedling burning, and thus increasing the yield of corn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer, the specific steps of which are as follows: Step 1: First, prepare one portion each of corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer. The corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of granular nitrogen fertilizer, granular phosphorus fertilizer, granular potassium fertilizer, synergist, and granular zinc sulfate, with a ratio of 40%-60%, 10%-15%, 10%-15%, 5%-10%, and 5%-10%. The short-acting compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer in which nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium account for 48% in total and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium each account for 16%. Then, pretreat the two portions of fertilizers and put them into a screening device for impurity removal and screening to remove impurities contained in the fertilizers. Then, put the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer into a pulverizer for pulverization to ensure that the diameters of the various granular fertilizers contained in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizers are consistent. Finally, dry the two portions of fertilizers separately to remove moisture from the fertilizers to prepare for the next operation. Step 2: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into a blender. Through the high-speed stirring of the blender, the various granular fertilizers in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be fully mixed together. Then the mixed controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into the screening device again, and the granular fertilizers and powdered fertilizers damaged during the stirring process are screened out and collected. Subsequently, the screened controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is sent to the hot pressing equipment and polyurethane is added to the hot pressing equipment. Through the special environment of the hot pressing equipment, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is hot-pressed and packaged with polyurethane as a carrier to form a coating. Due to the sufficient mixing treatment in the early stage, the various granular fertilizers in the coating can maintain a relatively consistent proportion to ensure the fertilization effectiveness of each coating. Step 3: The coated corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is placed in a dryer for drying to remove the water vapor mixed in the hot pressing process, and then the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a pulverizer to pulverize the short-acting compound fertilizer into granular fertilizers with the same diameter as the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer coating. After the pulverization is completed, the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a screening device to remove fertilizers with inconsistent particle diameters. After the two portions of fertilizer are processed, the two portions of fertilizer can be placed in a mixer at the same time to mix the two portions of fertilizer so that the short-acting compound fertilizer and the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be mixed evenly to ensure that the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer per unit area are maintained in a fixed specific gravity range; Step 4: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer will form corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, which can provide a stable nutrient supply in each growth cycle of corn. Then the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer is put into a grading and screening machine to grade and screen the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, so that the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer can be sorted into three different grades of finished products: powder, irregular granules and standard granules, so as to facilitate the classification, storage and sale of the three different grades of fertilizers in the later stage, so as to improve the economic benefits brought by the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer and reduce the production and manufacturing costs of the enterprise; Step 5: After the corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers are graded and screened, the three grades of fertilizers are transported to the baler through the material conveying device, and the three grades of fertilizers are classified and packaged through the baling operation of the baler to make bagged finished products. When packaging, the color of the packaging bags can be controlled to distinguish them to prevent the three grades of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers from being confused, thereby causing economic losses to the company. The packaged fertilizers can be sent to the warehouse for storage or directly transported to the market for sale. At the same time, during storage and transportation, attention should be paid to keeping the storage environment dry to prevent the bagged fertilizer products from being affected by moisture and affecting their effectiveness.

[0017] Since corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer releases nutrients slowly, it is suitable for use as basal fertilizer or seed fertilizer. Only about 5% of the fertilizer is released in the initial stage, and corn requires a lot of nutrients in the early stage. The slow nutrient release rate will affect the early growth of corn. Therefore, using it alone is not conducive to the growth and development of corn. The nutrient release rate of short-acting compound fertilizer is fast, but the time is not long, and supplementary fertilization is required later. By mixing these two fertilizers together, the long and short nutrients will be combined to achieve the purpose of balanced absorption, which can not only promote the healthy growth of corn, but also ensure the nutritional supply of corn growth and development in the later stage, so as to avoid fertilizer deficiency.

[0018] Among them, the enhancer in step one is made of organic humic acid, which can enhance the efficiency of fertilizers, stimulate crop growth and improve the quality of agricultural products.

[0019] Organic humic acid can not only enhance the efficiency of fertilizers, but also improve the soil, increase the content of soil organic matter, and thus promote the growth and development of corn.

[0020] Among them, the zinc sulfate in step one can promote the photosynthesis of corn, thereby increasing the yield of corn.

[0021] Zinc sulfate can provide the trace element zinc required for corn growth, thereby promoting nitrogen metabolism, enhancing corn photosynthesis and enhancing corn's resistance to cold and drought.

[0022] The polyurethane in step 2 has good moisture resistance and resistance to free nitrogen, so it can release fertilizer stably for a long time.

[0023] Due to the good moisture resistance and resistance to free nitrogen of the polyurethane coating, it can maintain the effect of fertilizer for a long time in a high temperature and high humidity environment.

[0024] In the second step, the thickness and size of the coating can be adjusted manually, so that it can be reasonably controlled according to the length of the crop growth cycle.

[0025] The controlled-release time of corn controlled-release and slow-release fertilizers can be long or short due to the control of particle size and coating thickness. When selecting, you should make a reasonable choice based on the length of the crop's growth period. For example, for crops with a long growth period, you can choose controlled-release and slow-release fertilizers with thick coatings and large particles.

[0026] Among them, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer in step three are mixed in a certain proportion, and the optimal mixing ratio is between 20% and 30%.

[0027] When the mixing amount is too large, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the two fertilizers will accumulate excessively, which can easily cause root and seedling burns, which will be detrimental to the growth and development of corn and affect the corn harvest.

[0028] Among them, the graded screening in step four can make rational use of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers with poor quality control, which can not only improve its economic benefits but also provide more choices for purchasers.

[0029] By grading the corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers, the utilization rate of the blended fertilizers is guaranteed and buyers can choose fertilizers of different grades according to actual needs.

[0030] Among them, the packaging bags in step five can be selected from three colors: red, yellow and green, and the company's promotional slogans can also be printed on the packaging bags.

[0031] By printing the company's promotional slogans on the packaging bags, the appearance can be improved while promoting the company during sales.

[0032] Among them, the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer in steps one to five ensures long-term nutritional supplementation for the corn while preventing the corn from becoming deficient in fertilizer, dying prematurely, and affecting the growth and development of the crop.

[0033] There is no chemical reaction when mixing short-acting compound fertilizer and controlled-release slow-release fertilizer for corn, and they do not affect each other. The reasonable combination and mixing of short-acting compound fertilizer and controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can combine long-term and short-term nutrients to achieve the purpose of balanced supply, thus eliminating the need to fertilize corn multiple times, saving both labor and effort.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: First, prepare one portion each of corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer. The corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is a mixed fertilizer of granular nitrogen fertilizer, granular phosphorus fertilizer, granular potassium fertilizer, synergist, and granular zinc sulfate, with a ratio of 40%-60%, 10%-15%, 10%-15%, 5%-10%, and 5%-10%. The short-acting compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer in which nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium account for 48% in total and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium each account for 16%. Then, pretreat the two portions of fertilizers and put them into a screening device for impurity removal and screening to remove impurities contained in the fertilizers. Then, put the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer into a pulverizer for pulverization to ensure that the diameters of the various granular fertilizers contained in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizers are consistent. Finally, dry the two portions of fertilizers separately to remove moisture from the fertilizers to prepare for the next operation. Step 2: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into a blender. Through the high-speed stirring of the blender, the various granular fertilizers in the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be fully mixed together. Then the mixed controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is put into the screening device again, and the granular fertilizers and powdered fertilizers damaged during the stirring process are screened out and collected. Subsequently, the screened controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is sent to the hot pressing equipment and polyurethane is added to the hot pressing equipment. Through the special environment of the hot pressing equipment, the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is hot-pressed and packaged with polyurethane as a carrier to form a coating. Due to the sufficient mixing treatment in the early stage, the various granular fertilizers in the coating can maintain a relatively consistent proportion to ensure the fertilization effectiveness of each coating. Step 3: The coated corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer is placed in a dryer for drying to remove the water vapor mixed in the hot pressing process, and then the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a pulverizer to pulverize the short-acting compound fertilizer into granular fertilizers with the same diameter as the controlled-release slow-release fertilizer coating. After the pulverization is completed, the short-acting compound fertilizer is placed in a screening device to remove fertilizers with inconsistent particle diameters. After the two portions of fertilizer are processed, the two portions of fertilizer can be placed in a mixer at the same time to mix the two portions of fertilizer so that the short-acting compound fertilizer and the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer can be mixed evenly to ensure that the corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer per unit area are maintained in a fixed specific gravity range; Step 4: The processed corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and short-acting compound fertilizer will form corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, which can provide a stable nutrient supply in each growth cycle of corn. Then the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer is put into a grading and screening machine to grade and screen the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer, so that the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer can be sorted into three different grades of finished products: powder, irregular granules and standard granules, so as to facilitate the classification, storage and sale of the three different grades of fertilizers in the later stage, so as to improve the economic benefits brought by the corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer and reduce the production and manufacturing costs of the enterprise; Step 5: After the corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers are graded and screened, the three grades of fertilizers are transported to the baler through the material conveying device, and the three grades of fertilizers are classified and packaged through the baling operation of the baler to make bagged finished products. When packaging, the color of the packaging bags can be controlled to distinguish them to prevent the three grades of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers from being confused, thereby causing economic losses to the company. The packaged fertilizers can be sent to the warehouse for storage or directly transported to the market for sale. At the same time, during storage and transportation, attention should be paid to keeping the storage environment dry to prevent the bagged fertilizer products from being affected by moisture and affecting their effectiveness.

2. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synergist described in step one is made of organic humic acid, which can enhance the efficiency of fertilizers, stimulate crop growth and improve the quality of agricultural products.

3. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zinc sulfate described in step 1 can promote the photosynthesis of corn, thereby increasing the yield of corn.

4. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyurethane described in step 2 has good moisture resistance and resistance to free nitrogen, so it can release fertilizer stably for a long time.

5. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness and size of the coating in step 2 can be adjusted manually, so that it can be reasonably controlled according to the length of the crop growth cycle.

6. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corn controlled-release slow-release fertilizer and the short-acting compound fertilizer described in step three are mixed in a certain ratio, and the optimal mixing ratio is between 20% and 30%.

7. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading and screening described in step 4 can make rational use of corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizers with poor quality control, which can improve their economic benefits and provide more choices for purchasers.

8. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packaging bags described in step five can be made of three colors: red, yellow and green. The company's promotional slogans can also be printed on the packaging bags.

9. The method for preparing a corn controlled-release and slow-release blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corn controlled-release slow-release blended fertilizer described in step 1 to step 5 can ensure long-term nutritional supplementation for corn while preventing the corn from being depleted of nutrients, dying prematurely, and affecting the growth and development of the crop.