Straw picking-soil removing-in-situ carbonization returning-to-field integrated device and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, and discloses a straw picking-soil removing-in-situ carbonization returning-to-field integrated device and technology.The straw picking-soil removing-in-situ carbonization returning-to-field integrated device comprises a smashing box and a carbonization box, a dust removing mechanism is arranged in the carbonization box and comprises a dust removing plate, and a plurality of feeding teeth are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the dust removing plate; a plurality of dust removal holes are formed in a plate body of the dust removal plate, and eccentric wheels are movably connected to shaft rods on the two sides of one end of the dust removal plate. A crank sliding block mechanism and a torsional spring are combined, so that the problem of blockage of a feeding system caused by the problem of material erection in the feeding process can be effectively solved, materials are pushed in advance in a jumping mode through an eccentric wheel and rocker mechanism, impurities such as soil and broken stones mixed in straw are effectively separated, the problem of slag bonding caused by the soil and the broken stones in a carbonization chamber is solved, and the service life of the carbonization chamber is prolonged. And heat generated by the carbonization chamber and the combustion area is directly transmitted to the dust removal system through heat radiation, so that the raw materials are pre-dried, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the operation cost of engineering is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and specifically relates to an integrated device and process for straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field. Background Art

[0002] my country is a large agricultural country with abundant straw resources. However, there are also certain problems in the utilization of straw resources. First, the dispersion and low density of straw make its collection and transportation costs high, especially in areas where farmland is widely distributed. The single transportation volume is limited, which increases the transportation frequency and cost. Secondly, the mechanization level varies in different regions, resulting in low collection efficiency, and the straw is easily reduced in utilization value due to loss or pollution. In addition, straw is easily affected by the environment during storage. For example, improper stacking may cause mold, rot or spontaneous combustion, further reducing resource utilization. Finally, the problem of seasonal supply and demand mismatch is prominent. Straw is mainly produced during the busy farming season, but its demand has a time difference due to different utilization methods. The lack of an effective storage and transportation allocation system easily leads to resource waste.

[0003] To this end, the inventors have introduced an integrated device and process for straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the problem that the dispersion and low density of the above-mentioned straw make its collection and transportation costs high, especially in areas where farmland is widely distributed, the single transportation volume is limited, which increases the transportation frequency and cost. Secondly, the mechanization levels in different regions are different, resulting in low collection efficiency, and the straw is easily reduced in value due to loss or pollution. In addition, the straw is easily affected by the environment during storage. For example, improper stacking may cause mold, rot or spontaneous combustion, further reducing resource utilization. Finally, the problem of seasonal supply and demand mismatch is prominent. Straw is mainly generated during the busy farming season, but its demand has a time difference due to different utilization methods. There is a lack of an effective storage and transportation deployment system, which easily leads to technical problems such as waste of resources. The basic concept of the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: A straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device comprises a crushing box and a carbonization box, wherein a dust removal mechanism is arranged inside the carbonization box, wherein the dust removal mechanism comprises a dust removal plate, wherein a plurality of feeding teeth are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the dust removal plate, and a plurality of dust removal holes are provided on the plate body of the dust removal plate, and an eccentric wheel is movably connected to the shaft rods on both sides of one end of the dust removal plate, and the shaft rod fixed at the center of the eccentric wheel penetrates the side wall of the carbonization box and is movably sleeved therewith, and furthermore, a rocker arm is movably connected to the shaft rods on both sides of the other end of the dust removal plate, and a shaft rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the rocker arm, and the shaft rod is movably connected to the inner side wall of the carbonization box, and a second slide plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the side wall of the carbonization box, and a dust exhaust port, a smoke exhaust port, an air inlet grid and a feed discharge port are respectively provided at the bottom of the carbonization box from front to back.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a carbonization mechanism is provided at the inner lower end of the carbonization box, and the carbonization mechanism includes a carbonization device and a first slide plate, the first slide plate is fixedly connected to a corner of the inner bottom of the carbonization box, and the two ends of the carbonization device are fixedly connected to the side walls of the carbonization box, and air distribution ports are opened at the side walls of the carbonization box corresponding to the two ends of the carbonization device, and the air distribution ports provide oxygen support for the carbonization device, and the carbonization port of the carbonization device faces downward, corresponding to the first slide plate.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, baffles are fixedly connected on the bottom plate of the carbonization box between the air inlet grille at the inner bottom and the feed port, between the smoke exhaust port and the dust exhaust port, and on the lower surface of the second slide plate, an ignition device is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle plate close to the smoke exhaust port, an air supply box is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the carbonization box corresponding to the air inlet grille, and an air supply fan is installed inside the air supply box.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a door panel is movably mounted on the upper end of the second slide plate, a hydraulic cylinder is movably mounted on the lower end of the door panel, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the lower surface of the upper end of the second slide plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a crushing mechanism is provided inside the crushing box, and the crushing mechanism includes a crushing auger, and the shafts at both ends of the crushing auger are movably connected to the side panels of the crushing box, and one end of the shaft of the crushing auger penetrates the crushing box and is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel at the end, and a docking port is opened at the lower end of the other side panel of the crushing box.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the crushing box is fixedly connected to a shovel bucket, the lower end of the shovel bucket is fixedly connected to shovel teeth, and a material picking roller is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the shovel bucket, the shafts at both ends of the material picking roller penetrate the side wall of the shovel bucket and are movably sleeved therewith, and the end of the shaft at one end of the material picking roller is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel, a transmission belt is sleeved between the transmission wheel and the transmission wheel on the shaft of the crushing auger, and a material picking motor is fixedly installed on the other side plate of the shovel bucket, the transmission shaft of the material picking motor corresponds to the end of the shaft at the other end of the material picking roller and is fixedly connected therewith, and a small wheel is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shovel bucket.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the side panel of the crushing box at the docking interface, the lower end opening of the conveying pipe corresponds to the docking interface, and the upper end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to a slideway, a conveying motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the slideway, and a conveying auger is arranged inside the conveying pipe, the shaft rod at the lower end of the conveying auger is movably connected to the bottom of the conveying pipe, and the shaft rod at the upper end of the conveying auger corresponds to the drive shaft of the conveying motor and is fixedly connected thereto.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the end of the slideway, and a crank slider mechanism and a drive motor are fixedly installed at the top center position of the feed hopper, the upper end of the crank slider mechanism is connected to the transmission shaft of the drive motor, the telescopic rod of the crank slider mechanism passes through the top of the feed hopper and is movably connected thereto, and a dredging rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod of the crank slider mechanism, and a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the dredging rod, and dredging teeth are movably installed in the mounting grooves, and a torsion spring is mounted on the shaft rod at the connection between the dredging teeth and the mounting grooves, and the torsion spring keeps the dredging teeth in an expanded state.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end opening of the feeding hopper corresponds to the top opening of the carbonization box and is fixedly connected thereto, an exhaust hole is provided at the upper end of the side panel of the carbonization box, and a dust removal motor is fixedly installed on the side panel of the carbonization box, the transmission shaft of the dust removal motor corresponds to the shaft rod of the eccentric wheel and is fixedly connected thereto, and a large wheel is fixedly installed on the lower end of the carbonization box.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated process, comprising the following steps: Step 1 (Picking and crushing process): The straw is mainly collected and crushed by the collecting roller, and then the crushed straw, soil, gravel and other impurities are transported to the feeding system by the auger method.

[0014] Step 2 (feeding process): The straw containing soil, gravel and other impurities picked up in step 1 is transported to the feeding hopper. At the same time, the crank slider mechanism moves under the drive of the driving motor, converting the rotational motion into reciprocating motion. When the dredging rod moves upward, the torsion spring is under pressure, and the dredging teeth shrink and stick to the dredging rod. When the dredging rod moves downward, the torsion spring is not subject to resistance, and the dredging teeth open, pushing the straw downward and entering the dust removal system.

[0015] Step 3 (dust removal process): The straw mixed with soil and gravel is transported to the dust removal plate. Under the action of the eccentric wheel and the rocker, the dust removal plate reciprocates up, down, left and right, pushing the straw to move from left to right in a jumping manner. In this process, the soil and gravel mixed in the straw are shaken off the surface of the dust removal plate and discharged from the evenly distributed holes on its surface, fall on the second slide plate, and are discharged from the dust exhaust port.

[0016] Step 4 (carbonization process): After the straw passes through the carbonization system, the door panel is closed, and the carbonization device ignites and carbonizes the straw, and the air is distributed through the air distribution port. The carbonized straw is guided to the discharge port by the first slide plate to be returned to the field. The smoke and volatile parts generated by the carbonization of the straw enter the gas phase mixing zone (the U-shaped space formed by the baffle). The gas phase mixing zone is divided into two chambers, front and rear. The front chamber is equipped with an air supply box. The air sent in by the air supply box is mixed evenly with the smoke and volatile parts after passing through the gas phase mixing zone, and enters the combustion zone. The ignition device ignites and burns the straw. The high temperature generated pre-dries the straw in the dust removal system. The moisture generated by the drying is discharged from the exhaust holes on the outer wall of the carbonization box, and the smoke is discharged from the exhaust port.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This patent proposes a new method for unblocking straw rack materials, which uses the combined action of a crank slider mechanism and a torsion spring to unblock the materials. It has a simple and reliable structure and can effectively solve the problem of feed system blockage caused by rack material problems during the feeding process.

[0018] 2. This patent proposes a new method for removing soil from straw, which uses an eccentric wheel rocker mechanism to achieve a jumping forward propulsion of materials, effectively separating impurities such as soil and gravel mixed in the straw, and avoiding the slagging problem caused by soil and gravel in the carbonization chamber.

[0019] 3. This patent proposes an integrated device for straw picking, soil removal and in-situ carbonization and returning to the field, which has a compact structure. The heat generated in the carbonization chamber and the combustion zone is directly transferred to the dust removal system through thermal radiation, thereby achieving pre-drying of raw materials, reducing heat loss, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing the operating cost of the project.

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In the attached picture: Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional main view schematic diagram of an integrated device for picking up straw, removing soil and returning straw to the field in situ; Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower end of a conveying mechanism of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning device; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the upper end of a conveying mechanism of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning device; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the disassembly of an eccentric wheel of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning device; Figure 6 It is an enlarged top view schematic diagram of a dust removal plate of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a feed hopper of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated device; Figure 8 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the dredging mechanism of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the sealing plate structure of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated device; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the air supply mechanism of a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device.

[0022] In the figure: 1. crushing box; 2. carbonizing box; 3. feeding hopper; 4. slideway; 5. conveying pipe; 6. conveying motor; 7. crank slider mechanism; 8. driving motor; 9. material picking roller; 10. shovel teeth; 11. shovel hopper; 12. small wheel; 13. large wheel; 14. driving belt; 15. dust removal motor; 16. crushing auger; 17. dust removal plate; 18. feeding teeth; 19. eccentric wheel; 20. rocker; 21. door panel; 22. first slide plate; 23. Carbonization device; 24. Baffle; 25. Ignition device; 26. Air supply box; 27. Air inlet grid; 28. Feeding port; 29. ​​Second slide plate; 30. Smoke exhaust port; 31. Dust exhaust port; 32. Conveying auger; 33. Docking port; 34. Feeding motor; 35. Dust removal hole; 36. Unclogging rod; 37. Unclogging teeth; 38. Torsion spring; 39. Mounting slot; 40. Hydraulic cylinder; 41. Air distribution port; 42. Air supply fan; 43. Exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device includes a crushing box 1 and a carbonization box 2. A dust removal mechanism is arranged inside the carbonization box 2. The dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal plate 17. A plurality of feeding teeth 18 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the dust removal plate 17. A plurality of dust removal holes 35 are opened on the plate body of the dust removal plate 17. An eccentric wheel 19 is movably connected to the shaft rods on both sides of one end of the dust removal plate 17. The shaft rod fixed at the center of the eccentric wheel 19 penetrates the side wall of the carbonization box 2 and is movably sleeved therewith. Furthermore, a rocker 20 is movably connected to the shaft rods on both sides of the other end of the dust removal plate 17. The lower end of the rocker 20 is fixedly connected to the shaft rod. The shaft rod is connected to the inner wall of the carbonization box 2. The carbonization box 2 is movably connected, and a second slide plate 29 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the side wall of the carbonization box 2, and a dust exhaust port 31, a smoke exhaust port 30, an air inlet grid 27 and a material discharge port 28 are respectively provided at the bottom of the carbonization box 2 from front to back; a carbonization mechanism is provided at the lower end of the interior of the carbonization box 2, and the carbonization mechanism includes a carbonization device 23 and a first slide plate 22, the first slide plate 22 is fixedly connected to a corner of the inner bottom of the carbonization box 2, and the two ends of the carbonization device 23 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the carbonization box 2, and air distribution ports 41 are provided at the corresponding positions of the side wall of the carbonization box 2 and the two ends of the carbonization device 23, and the air distribution ports 41 provide oxygen support for the carbonization device, and the carbonization port of the carbonization device 23 faces downward, corresponding to the first slide plate 22.

[0025] In this setting, it is proposed to use a crank slider mechanism and a torsion spring in combination, which has a simple and reliable structure and can effectively solve the problem of feed system blockage caused by rack material problems during the feeding process.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 10As shown in the specific embodiment, a baffle 24 is fixedly connected on the bottom plate of the carbonizing box 2 between the air inlet grid 27 and the feeding port 28 at the inner bottom of the carbonizing box 2 and between the smoke outlet 30 and the dust outlet 31, as well as on the lower surface of the second slide plate 29. An ignition device 25 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle 24 near the smoke outlet 30. An air supply box 26 is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the carbonizing box 2 at a position corresponding to the air inlet grid 27. An air supply fan 42 is installed inside the air supply box 26. A door panel 21 is movably installed on the upper end of the second slide plate 29. A hydraulic cylinder 40 is movably installed on the lower end of the door panel 21. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is movably connected to the lower surface of the upper end of the second slide plate 29. A crushing mechanism is arranged inside the crushing box 1. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing auger 16. The shafts at both ends of the crushing auger 16 are movably connected to the side panels of the crushing box 1, and the powder One end of the auger 16 has an axle rod that passes through the crushing box 1 and is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel at the end, and a docking port 33 is provided at the lower end of the other side plate of the crushing box 1; a shovel bucket 11 is fixedly connected to the front end of the crushing box 1, and a shovel tooth 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shovel bucket 11, and a material picking roller 9 is provided on the inner side of the side wall of the shovel bucket 11, and the axles at both ends of the material picking roller 9 pass through the side wall of the shovel bucket 11 and are movably connected thereto, and a transmission wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the axle rod at one end of the material picking roller 9, and a transmission belt 14 is installed between this transmission wheel and the transmission wheel on the axle rod of the auger 16, and a material picking motor 34 is fixedly installed on the other side plate of the shovel bucket 11, and the transmission shaft of the material picking motor 34 corresponds to the end of the axle rod at the other end of the material picking roller 9 and is fixedly connected thereto, and a small wheel 12 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shovel bucket 11.

[0027] In this setting, a new method of removing soil from straw is proposed. The eccentric wheel rocker mechanism is used to realize the jumping forward propulsion of materials, effectively separating the soil, gravel and other impurities mixed in the straw, avoiding the slagging problem caused by soil and gravel in the carbonization chamber.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, in a specific embodiment, a conveying pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the side plate of the crushing box 1 at the docking port 33, the lower end opening of the conveying pipe 5 corresponds to the docking port 33, and the upper end of the conveying pipe 5 is fixedly connected to a slideway 4, the upper end of the slideway 4 is fixedly installed with a conveying motor 6, and a conveying auger 32 is arranged inside the conveying pipe 5, the shaft rod at the lower end of the conveying auger 32 is movably connected to the bottom of the conveying pipe 5, and the shaft rod at the upper end of the conveying auger 32 corresponds to the transmission shaft of the conveying motor 6 and is fixedly connected thereto; the end of the slideway 4 is fixedly connected to the feeding hopper 3, and a crank slider mechanism 7 and a driving motor 8 are fixedly installed at the top center position of the feeding hopper 3, the upper end of the crank slider mechanism 7 is connected to the transmission shaft of the driving motor 8, and the crank slider mechanism 7 The telescopic rod passes through the top of the feeding hopper 3 and is movably connected thereto, and the lower end of the telescopic rod of the crank slider mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to a dredging rod 36, on which a plurality of mounting grooves 39 are provided, and dredging teeth 37 are movably installed in the mounting grooves 39, and a torsion spring 38 is installed on the shaft at the connection between the dredging teeth 37 and the mounting grooves 39, and the torsion spring 38 keeps the dredging teeth 37 in an expanded state; the lower end opening of the feeding hopper 3 corresponds to the top opening of the carbonizing box 2 and is fixedly connected thereto, an exhaust hole 43 is provided on the upper end of the side plate of the carbonizing box 2, and a dust removal motor 15 is fixedly installed on the side plate of the carbonizing box 2, and the transmission shaft of the dust removal motor 15 corresponds to the shaft of the eccentric wheel 19 and is fixedly connected thereto, and a large wheel 13 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the carbonizing box 2.

[0029] In this setting, a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device is proposed, which has a compact structure. The heat generated in the carbonization chamber and the combustion zone is directly transferred to the dust removal system through thermal radiation, thereby achieving raw material pre-drying, reducing heat loss, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing the operating cost of the project.

[0030] The present invention also discloses a straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated process, comprising the following steps: Step 1 (picking up and crushing process): the straw is mainly collected and crushed by the collecting roller 9, and then the crushed straw, soil, gravel and other impurities are transported to the feeding system by the auger method.

[0031] Step 2 (feeding process): The straw containing impurities such as soil and gravel picked up in step 1 is transported to the feeding hopper 3. At the same time, the dredging rod 36 is driven by the driving motor 8, and the crank slider mechanism moves to convert the rotational motion into reciprocating motion. When the dredging rod 36 moves upward, due to the pressure on the torsion spring 38, the dredging teeth 37 shrink and cling to the dredging rod 36. When the dredging rod 36 moves downward, the torsion spring 38 is not subject to resistance, and the dredging teeth 37 open, pushing the straw downward and entering the dust removal system.

[0032] Step 3 (dust removal process): The straw mixed with soil and gravel is transported to the dust removal plate 17. The dust removal plate 17 reciprocates up, down, left and right under the action of the eccentric wheel 19 and the rocker 20, pushing the straw to move from left to right in a jumping manner. In this process, the soil and gravel mixed in the straw are shaken off the surface of the dust removal plate 17, and discharged from the evenly distributed holes on its surface, fall on the second slide plate 29, and are discharged from the dust exhaust port 31.

[0033] Step 4 (carbonization process): After the straw passes through the carbonization system, the door panel 21 is closed, and the carbonization device ignites and carbonizes the straw, and the air distribution port 41 distributes the air. The carbonized straw is guided to the discharge port 28 by the first slide plate 22 to return to the field. The smoke and volatile parts generated by the carbonization of the straw enter the gas phase mixing zone (the U-shaped space formed by the baffle 24). The gas phase mixing zone is divided into two front and rear chambers. The front chamber is equipped with an air supply box 26. The air sent in by the air supply box 26 is mixed evenly with the smoke and volatile parts after passing through the gas phase mixing zone, and enters the combustion zone. The ignition device 25 ignites and burns. The high temperature generated pre-dries the straw in the dust removal system. The moisture generated by drying is discharged from the exhaust hole 43 on the outer wall of the carbonization box 2, and the smoke is discharged from the exhaust port 30.

[0034] The implementation principle of the straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated process of this embodiment is as follows: The invention proposes a new method for unblocking straw rack materials, which is unblocked by combining a crank slider mechanism and a torsion spring. The method has a simple and reliable structure and can effectively solve the problem of feed system blockage caused by rack material problems during the feeding process.

[0035] The eccentric rocker mechanism is used to realize the material jumping forward, effectively separating the soil, gravel and other impurities mixed in the straw, avoiding the slagging problem caused by soil and gravel in the carbonization chamber. The structure is compact, and the heat generated in the carbonization chamber and the combustion zone is directly transferred to the dust removal system through thermal radiation, realizing the pre-drying of raw materials, reducing heat loss, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing the operation cost of the project.

Claims

1. A straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated device, comprising a crushing box (1) and a carbonization box (2), characterized in that: A dust removal mechanism is provided inside the carbonization box (2), the dust removal mechanism comprising a dust removal plate (17), a plurality of feeding teeth (18) being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the dust removal plate (17), a plurality of dust removal holes (35) being provided on the plate body of the dust removal plate (17), and an eccentric wheel (19) being movably connected to shaft rods on both sides of one end of the dust removal plate (17), the shaft rod fixed at the center of the eccentric wheel (19) passing through the side wall of the carbonization box (2) and being movably sleeved therewith. Next, a rocker (20) is movably connected to the shafts on both sides of the other end of the dust removal plate (17), the shaft is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the rocker (20), and the shaft is movably connected to the inner wall of the carbonization box (2), and a second slide plate (29) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the side wall of the carbonization box (2), and the bottom of the carbonization box (2) is respectively provided with a dust exhaust port (31), a smoke exhaust port (30), an air inlet grid (27) and a material discharge port (28) from front to back.

2. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A carbonization mechanism is provided at the lower end of the interior of the carbonization box (2), the carbonization mechanism comprising a carbonization device (23) and a first slide plate (22), the first slide plate (22) being fixedly connected to a corner of the inner bottom of the carbonization box (2), the two ends of the carbonization device (23) being fixedly connected to the side walls of the carbonization box (2), air distribution ports (41) being provided at positions corresponding to the two ends of the carbonization device (23) on the side walls of the carbonization box (2), the air distribution ports (41) providing oxygen support for the carbonization device, and the carbonization port of the carbonization device (23) is downwardly facing and corresponding to the first slide plate (22).

3. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A baffle (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the carbonization box (2) between the air inlet grid (27) at the inner bottom of the carbonization box (2) and the feed port (28), between the smoke outlet (30) and the dust outlet (31), and to the lower surface of the second slide plate (29); an ignition device (25) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle (24) near the smoke outlet (30); an air supply box (26) is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the carbonization box (2) at a position corresponding to the air inlet grid (27); an air supply fan (42) is installed inside the air supply box (26).

4. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A door panel (21) is movably mounted on the upper end of the second slide plate (29), a hydraulic cylinder (40) is movably mounted on the lower end of the door panel (21), and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is movably connected to the lower surface of the upper end of the second slide plate (29).

5. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pulverizing mechanism is arranged inside the pulverizing box (1), the pulverizing mechanism comprising a pulverizing auger (16), shafts at both ends of the pulverizing auger (16) being movably connected to the side panels of the pulverizing box (1), one end of the shaft of the pulverizing auger (16) passing through the pulverizing box (1) and a transmission wheel being fixedly connected at the end, and a docking port (33) being provided at the lower end of the other side panel of the pulverizing box (1).

6. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The front end of the crushing box (1) is fixedly connected to a shovel bucket (11), the lower end of the shovel bucket (11) is fixedly connected to shovel teeth (10), and a material collecting roller (9) is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the shovel bucket (11), the shafts at both ends of the material collecting roller (9) penetrate the side wall of the shovel bucket (11) and are movably sleeved therewith, and the end of the shaft at one end of the material collecting roller (9) is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel, and a transmission belt (14) is sleeved between the transmission wheel and the transmission wheel on the shaft of the crushing auger (16), and a material collecting motor (34) is fixedly installed on the other side plate of the shovel bucket (11), and the transmission shaft of the material collecting motor (34) corresponds to the end of the shaft at the other end of the material collecting roller (9) and is fixedly connected thereto, and a small wheel (12) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shovel bucket (11).

7. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conveying pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the side plate of the crushing box (1) at the docking port (33), the lower end opening of the conveying pipe (5) corresponds to the docking port (33), and the upper end of the conveying pipe (5) is fixedly connected to a slideway (4), the upper end of the slideway (4) is fixedly mounted with a conveying motor (6), and a conveying auger (32) is arranged inside the conveying pipe (5), the shaft rod at the lower end of the conveying auger (32) is movably connected to the bottom of the conveying pipe (5), and the shaft rod at the upper end of the conveying auger (32) corresponds to the transmission shaft of the conveying motor (6) and is fixedly connected thereto.

8. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The end of the slideway (4) is fixedly connected to a feeding hopper (3), a crank slider mechanism (7) and a driving motor (8) are fixedly installed at the center position of the top of the feeding hopper (3), the upper end of the crank slider mechanism (7) is connected to the transmission shaft of the driving motor (8), the telescopic rod of the crank slider mechanism (7) passes through the top of the feeding hopper (3) and is movably sleeved therewith, and the lower end of the telescopic rod of the crank slider mechanism (7) is fixedly connected to a dredging rod (36), the dredging rod (36) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (39), a dredging tooth (37) is movably installed in the mounting groove (39), and a torsion spring (38) is sleeved and installed on the shaft at the connection between the dredging tooth (37) and the mounting groove (39), and the torsion spring (38) keeps the dredging tooth (37) in an expanded state.

9. The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field returning integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end opening of the feeding hopper (3) corresponds to the top opening of the carbonization box (2) and is fixedly connected thereto; an exhaust hole (43) is provided at the upper end of the side plate of the carbonization box (2); a dust removal motor (15) is fixedly mounted on the side plate of the carbonization box (2); a transmission shaft of the dust removal motor (15) corresponds to the shaft of the eccentric wheel (19) and is fixedly connected thereto; and a large wheel (13) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the carbonization box (2).

10. A straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and field return integrated process, characterized in that: The straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated device applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, the straw picking-soil removal-in-situ carbonization and returning to the field integrated process comprises the following steps: Step 1: Picking and crushing process, mainly after the straw is collected and crushed by the collecting roller (9), the crushed straw, soil, gravel and other impurities are transported to the feeding system by the auger method; Step 2: feeding process, the straw containing impurities such as soil and gravel picked up in step 1 is transported to the feeding hopper (3), and at the same time, the dredging rod (36) is driven by the driving motor (8), and the crank slider mechanism moves to convert the rotational motion into reciprocating motion. When the dredging rod (36) moves upward, due to the pressure of the torsion spring (38), the dredging teeth (37) shrink and cling to the dredging rod (36). When the dredging rod (36) moves downward, the torsion spring (38) is not subject to resistance, and the dredging teeth (37) open, pushing the straw downward and entering the dust removal system; Step 3: dust removal process, the straw mixed with soil and gravel is transported to the dust removal plate (17), and the dust removal plate (17) performs up, down, left and right reciprocating motions under the action of the eccentric wheel (19) and the rocker (20), pushing the straw to move from left to right in a jumping manner. In this process, the soil and gravel mixed in the straw are shaken off the surface of the dust removal plate (17), discharged from the evenly distributed holes on the surface, fall on the second slide plate (29), and are discharged from the dust discharge port (31); Step 4: Carbonization process. After the straw passes through the carbonization system, the door panel (21) is closed, and the carbonization device ignites and carbonizes the straw. The air is distributed through the air distribution port (41). The carbonized straw is guided to the discharge port (28) by the first slide plate (22) to be returned to the field. The smoke and volatile parts generated by the carbonization of the straw enter the gas phase mixing zone, i.e., the U-shaped space formed by the baffle (24). The gas phase mixing zone is divided into two front and rear chambers. The front chamber is equipped with an air supply box (26). The air supplied by the air supply box (26) is mixed evenly with the smoke and volatile parts after passing through the gas phase mixing zone and enters the combustion zone. The ignition device (25) ignites the straw for combustion. The high temperature generated pre-dries the straw in the dust removal system. The moisture generated by the drying is discharged from the exhaust hole (43) on the outer wall of the carbonization box (2), and the smoke is discharged from the exhaust port (30).

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