Laying device and method for once-formed salix psammophila grid sand barrier

Abstract

The invention provides a one-time forming salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device and laying method, and belongs to the field of sand barrier laying. The problems that according to an existing sand barrier laying device, a mechanical arm is used for inserting and fixing salix psammophila, the structure is relatively complex, and efficiency is low are solved. Comprising a storage box, an extrusion type sorting mechanism, a branch conveying mechanism, a branch inserting mechanism, a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a crawler chassis, a reversing mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a driving mechanism, bundled salix mongolica branches can be stripped and conveyed under the action of the extrusion type sorting mechanism, and the branch conveying mechanism can separate the salix mongolica branches at equal intervals; the branch inserting mechanism can conduct posture correction on salix mongolica branches twice, so that the salix mongolica branches are vertically inserted into the sand land, compared with a mechanical arm, used components are simpler and more universal in structure, automatic laying of salix mongolica sand barriers can be achieved, and high-quality one-time forming of the salix mongolica sand barriers is achieved; and compared with a gripper, the drill rod inserting efficiency is higher, the salix psammophila grid sand barrier can be completed at a time through the device, and the device has the advantages of standardization and modeling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laying Salix psammophila grid sand barriers, and in particular to a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device and a laying method. Background Art

[0002] Salix psammophila is a sand-dwelling shrub with strong stress resistance, easy reproduction, and strong sprouting ability, that is, new branches sprout and are easy to survive and grow. Because Salix psammophila has certain advantages in controlling wind erosion, it is often used as an excellent plant species for windbreak and sand fixation in Northwest my country. It is widely planted and there are a large number of natural and artificial Salix psammophila. Salix psammophila will produce a large number of branches after being cut down in the desert, which provides an ideal natural raw material for the production of Salix psammophila sand barriers. Salix psammophila grid sand barriers can effectively fix sand, promote vegetation recovery, and improve the ecological environment in desert areas.

[0003] At present, there are many problems in desert areas, such as inconvenient transportation and sparse population. Manual or mechanical methods are usually used to operate the sand willow sand barrier. The manual operation method has high labor intensity, high labor cost, poor laying quality and low work efficiency, which leads to the speed of sandification control being much lower than the speed of desertification, and cannot efficiently alleviate desertification. Mechanical operation, such as the existing patent, is a high-vertical branch sand barrier laying machine (application number: CN202210319649.4). The sand barrier laying machine includes a frame that carries various mechanisms, a power transmission mechanism at the front end of the frame, a grabbing rod mechanism in the middle of the frame, a tamping mechanism at the rear end of the frame, a feeding mechanism at the top of the frame, and a traveling mechanism at the bottom of the frame. A high-vertical sand barrier made of branches and straw is selected for pole laying. The sand barrier laying process is a cyclic motion, and the power transmission mechanism controls the two different operations to be carried out alternately; two adjacent operations constitute a cycle, and a complete sand barrier laying work is completed. The machine moves to the next working position, thereby laying the sand surface at equal intervals. The laying process using a gripper has a relatively complex structure and requires the process of grabbing, aligning and inserting, and the efficiency is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the existing sand barrier laying device uses a mechanical arm to insert and fix the tamarisk, which has a relatively complex structure and low efficiency.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] The present invention provides a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device, comprising a material storage box, an extrusion type sorting mechanism, a branch conveying mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a crawler chassis, a reversing mechanism and a driving mechanism.

[0008] The driving mechanism is used to drive the crawler chassis, thereby driving the sand barrier laying device forward or backward, and the reversing mechanism is used to control the movement direction of the sand barrier laying device;

[0009] The crawler chassis is provided with an extrusion type sorting mechanism, which is located in the storage box and at the bottom of the storage box. The extrusion type sorting mechanism includes a triangular conveyor belt and a long straight conveyor belt that rotate in opposite directions. The triangular conveyor belt is located above one side of the long straight conveyor belt, and the distance between the two is matched with the diameter of a Salix psammophila.

[0010] A branch conveying mechanism is provided below the output ends of the triangular conveyor belt and the long straight conveyor belt, and the branch conveying mechanism comprises a base frame, a guide rail, a branch conveying slide and a crank rocker. The base frame is a frame structure, and guide rails are provided on both sides of the base frame. Each guide rail is provided with grooves that are evenly spaced, and the positions of the grooves on the two guide rails correspond to each other. Two levers parallel to the guide rails are provided between the two guide rails, and the two ends of the levers are respectively connected to one end of the crank rocker, and the other end of the crank rocker is connected to the base frame;

[0011] A branch inserting mechanism is provided below the output end of the branch transporting mechanism, and the branch inserting mechanism comprises a feeding hopper and two groups of roller structures arranged crosswise and vertically, each group of roller structures comprises a fixed-axis pressure roller and a movable pressure roller, and the fixed-axis pressure roller and the movable pressure roller are both rotatably connected to the crawler chassis.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a pushing mechanism, which is arranged on the side wall of the storage box and located above the long straight conveyor belt, and is used to push the tamarisk into the wedge-shaped gap formed between the triangular conveyor belt and the long straight conveyor belt through the pushing mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a push plate and a telescopic arm, one end of the telescopic arm is connected to the side wall of the storage box, and the other end of the telescopic arm is connected to the push plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of vertically arranged box partitions are provided inside the storage box.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide block inclined downward is provided on one side of each guide rail, and a guide block inclined upward is provided on the other side of each guide rail, and the inclination directions of the guide blocks on the same side of the two guide rails are consistent.

[0016] Furthermore, the spacing between the fixed-axis pressing roller and the movable pressing roller matches the diameter of the Salix psammophila branches.

[0017] Furthermore, the lever is provided with grooves, and the spacing between the grooves on the lever is the same as the spacing between the grooves on the guide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, a trenching mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are provided on the side of the grafting mechanism. The trenching mechanism is located in front of the grafting mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism is located behind the grafting mechanism, and is used for trenching before grafting and soil covering after grafting.

[0019] The present invention provides a laying method of a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The bundled tamarisk branches are placed in the storage box, evenly divided by the box partition and then fall into the extrusion sorting mechanism. Under the transportation of the triangular conveyor belt and the long straight conveyor belt, each tamarisk branch is peeled and transported, and then falls into the branch transport mechanism for further separation at equal intervals. The separated tamarisk branches fall into the unloading hopper, and after two posture corrections by two groups of cross-vertically arranged roller structures, they are squeezed into the sand after trenching under the action of the roller structure, and then the soil is covered on the position after transplanting by the covering mechanism to complete the transplanting. Driven by the reversing mechanism and the driving mechanism, the laying of the grid sand barrier is completed.

[0021] Furthermore, by controlling the reversing mechanism and the driving mechanism, the sand barrier laying device is driven to move at a uniform speed along the y-axis direction, and the branch planting direction carried out by the branch planting mechanism is along the x-axis, so that the single row of tamarisk branches are at a 45° angle along the y-axis laying direction to lay a single row of sand barriers; when the single row of sand barriers is laid, the branch planting mechanism moves along the negative x-direction to realize the laying of the entire grid sand barrier.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention discloses a one-time forming tamarisk grid sand barrier laying device and laying method, comprising a storage box, an extrusion type sorting mechanism, a branch conveying mechanism, a branch inserting mechanism, a ditching mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, a crawler chassis, a reversing mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a driving mechanism. Bunds of tamarisk branches can be peeled and conveyed under the action of the extrusion type sorting mechanism, the branch conveying mechanism can separate the tamarisk branches at equal intervals, and the branch inserting mechanism can correct the posture of the tamarisk branches twice, so that the tamarisk branches can be vertically inserted into the sand. The components used are simpler and more common in structure than those of a mechanical arm, and can realize the automatic laying of the tamarisk sand barrier, so that it can be formed in one time with high quality. Compared with a gripper, the insertion efficiency is higher. The tamarisk grid sand barrier can be completed in one time by using this device, and has the advantages of standardization and modeling. When it is damaged, it can be repaired with low technical requirements for personnel, and the components used are also easy to replace, so it is more suitable for remote areas such as the northwest. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The structure of the one-step forming Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2The structure of the one-step forming Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grid-like laying of Salix psammophila in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial stereoscopic diagram of a material storage box, an extrusion type sorting mechanism and a pushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the branch transport mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grafting mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Storage box; 2. Squeeze-type sorting mechanism; 3. Branch transport mechanism; 4. Branch grafting mechanism; 5. Ditching mechanism; 6. Soil covering mechanism; 7. Track chassis; 8. Reversing mechanism; 9. Pushing mechanism; 10. Driving mechanism; 101. Box partition; 201. Triangular conveyor belt; 202. Long straight conveyor belt; 301. Guide rail; 302. Branch transport carriage; 303. Crank rocker; 401. Hopper; 402. Fixed-axis pressure roller; 403. Mobile pressure roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terminology nouns in the various embodiments, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., which indicate directions, are only for simplifying the description of the positional relationship based on the drawings in the specification, and do not mean that the referred elements and devices must be operated according to the specific directions and defined operations and methods and structures in the specification. Such directional nouns do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Specific implementation plan 1: Combine Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device, comprising a storage box 1, an extrusion sorting mechanism 2, a branch conveying mechanism 3, a branch inserting mechanism 4, a ditching mechanism 5, a soil covering mechanism 6, a crawler chassis 7, a reversing mechanism 8, a pushing mechanism 9 and a driving mechanism 10.

[0035] The driving mechanism 10 is used to drive the crawler chassis 7, thereby driving the sand barrier laying device forward or backward, and the reversing mechanism 8 is used to control the movement direction of the sand barrier laying device;

[0036] The crawler chassis 7 is provided with an extrusion type sorting mechanism 2, which is located in the storage box 1 and at the bottom of the storage box 1. The extrusion type sorting mechanism 2 includes a triangular conveyor belt 201 and a long straight conveyor belt 202 that rotate in opposite directions. The triangular conveyor belt 201 is located above one side of the long straight conveyor belt 202 and the distance between the two matches the diameter of a Salix psammophila. A pushing mechanism 9 is provided on the other side of the triangular conveyor belt 201. The pushing mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the storage box 1 and above the long straight conveyor belt 202, and is used to push the Salix psammophila into the wedge-shaped gap formed between the triangular conveyor belt 201 and the long straight conveyor belt 202 through the pushing mechanism 9;

[0037] The interior of the storage box 1 is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged box partitions 101 to facilitate uniform material dropping;

[0038] The pushing mechanism 9 includes a push plate and a telescopic arm, one end of the telescopic arm is connected to the side wall of the storage box 1, and the other end of the telescopic arm is connected to the push plate, so as to realize the function of the push plate pushing the tamarisk branches; it should be noted that when there are sufficient tamarisk branches in the storage box 1, the push plate does not work, and when the storage box 1 detects that there are insufficient tamarisk branches through the sensor, the push plate works to push the tamarisk branches remaining at the bottom of the storage box 1 to the long straight conveyor belt 202 at one time; in addition, the push plate only plays an auxiliary role in the pushing work;

[0039] A branch transport mechanism 3 is provided below the output ends of the triangular conveyor belt 201 and the long straight conveyor belt 202. The branch transport mechanism 3 includes a base frame, a guide rail 301, a branch transport carriage 302 and a crank rocker 303. The base frame is a frame structure. Guide rails 301 are provided on both sides of the base frame. Each guide rail 301 is provided with grooves evenly spaced, and the positions of the grooves on the two guide rails 301 correspond to each other. Two levers parallel to the guide rails 301 are provided between the two guide rails 301. The levers are provided with grooves. The spacing of the grooves is the same as that on the guide rail 301. The two ends of the lever are respectively connected to one end of the crank rocker 303, and the other end of the crank rocker 303 is connected to the bottom frame. During the branch transport process, the crank rocker 303 is used to make the lever move upward and backward in a circle, driving the willow branches in the grooves on the guide rail 301 to move into the grooves on the lever, and then moving the willow branches in the grooves on the lever to the grooves above and below the guide rail 301. The willow branches at the edge slide down through the movement of the crank rocker 303 and the lever.

[0040] A downwardly inclined guide block is provided on one side of the guide rail 301, and an upwardly inclined guide block is provided on the other side of the guide rail 301, which facilitates and prevents the willow branches from sliding off;

[0041] A grafting mechanism 4 is provided below the output end of the branch conveying mechanism 3, and the grafting mechanism 4 includes a feeding hopper 401 and two groups of roller structures arranged vertically in a cross direction, each group of roller structures includes a fixed-axis pressure roller 402 and a movable pressure roller 403, and the fixed-axis pressure roller 402 and the movable pressure roller 403 are both rotatably connected to the crawler chassis 7, and the spacing between the fixed-axis pressure roller 402 and the movable pressure roller 403 matches the diameter of the tamarisk branch; when working, the tamarisk branch falls into the feeding hopper 401 and falls vertically or obliquely, and the driving motor drives the fixed-axis pressure roller 402 to rotate, and the fixed-axis pressure roller 402 indirectly transmits power to the movable pressure roller 403 through the tamarisk branch, so that the two pressure rollers can rotate relative to each other; the two groups of rollers are arranged crosswise, and when the tamarisk branch falls obliquely into the pressure roller from the upper feeding hopper 401, as the pressure roller rotates, the tamarisk branch is subjected to extrusion force, and after two posture corrections by the longitudinal and transverse rollers, the tamarisk branch is vertically squeezed into the sand to complete the grafting process;

[0042] A furrowing mechanism 5 and a soil covering mechanism 6 are provided on the side of the grafting mechanism 4. The furrowing mechanism 5 is located in front of the grafting mechanism 4, and the soil covering mechanism 6 is located behind the grafting mechanism 4, and is used for furrowing before grafting and covering with soil after grafting. The furrowing mechanism 5 and the soil covering mechanism 6 are both commonly used devices.

[0043] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a laying method of a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device, comprising the following steps:

[0044] The bundled Salix psammophila branches are put into the storage box 1, and after being evenly divided by the box partition 101, they fall onto the squeezing sorting mechanism 2. Each Salix psammophila branch is peeled and transported by the push plate and the triangular conveyor belt 201 and the long straight conveyor belt 202, and then falls into the branch feeding mechanism 3, and is further separated at equal intervals. The separated Salix psammophila branches fall into the unloading hopper 401, and after being corrected twice by two groups of cross-vertically arranged roller structures, they are squeezed into the sandy land after the trenching under the action of the roller structures, and then the position after the transplanting is covered with soil by the covering mechanism 6, and one transplanting is completed;

[0045] By controlling the reversing mechanism 8 and the driving mechanism 10, the sand barrier laying device is driven to move at a uniform speed along the y-axis direction, and the grafting direction performed by the grafting mechanism 4 is along the x-axis. The two movement directions are perpendicular to each other, thereby generating a combined speed direction, so that the laying direction of a single row of tamarisk along the y-axis is at an angle of 45°, and a single row of sand barriers is laid; when the laying of the single row of sand barriers is completed, the grafting mechanism 4 moves along the negative x-direction to realize the laying of the entire grid sand barrier.

[0046] It should be noted that the purpose of artificially laying sand barriers in a grid shape is to block sand blowing from different directions. The laying effect of this device is a zigzag sand barrier, and field research has also shown that it can resist sand blowing from different directions. When laid in the reverse direction, the distance between the laid grids is maintained, and a completely closed grid is not formed. Therefore, there will be no tamarisk branches at the intersection of the grids, nor will the tamarisk branches at the intersection of the grids be damaged.

[0047] The other combinations and connection relationships of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0048] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device, characterized by: It comprises a material storage box (1), a squeezing sorting mechanism (2), a branch conveying mechanism (3), a soil covering mechanism (6), a crawler chassis (7), a reversing mechanism (8) and a driving mechanism (10). The driving mechanism (10) is used to drive the crawler chassis (7), thereby driving the sand barrier laying device forward or backward, and the reversing mechanism (8) is used to control the movement direction of the sand barrier laying device; The crawler chassis (7) is provided with an extrusion type sorting mechanism (2), the extrusion type sorting mechanism (2) is located in the storage box (1) and at the bottom of the storage box (1), the extrusion type sorting mechanism (2) comprises a triangular conveyor belt (201) and a long straight conveyor belt (202) rotating in opposite directions, the triangular conveyor belt (201) is located above one side of the long straight conveyor belt (202), and the distance between the two is matched with the diameter of a Salix psammophila; A branch transport mechanism (3) is provided below the output ends of the triangular conveyor belt (201) and the long straight conveyor belt (202), and the branch transport mechanism (3) comprises a base frame, a guide rail (301), a branch transport slide (302) and a crank rocker (303). The base frame is a frame structure, and guide rails (301) are provided on both sides of the base frame. Each guide rail (301) is provided with grooves evenly spaced apart, and the positions of the grooves on the two guide rails (301) correspond to each other. Two levers parallel to the guide rails (301) are provided between the two guide rails (301), and the two ends of the levers are respectively connected to one end of the crank rocker (303), and the other end of the crank rocker (303) is connected to the base frame; A branch inserting mechanism (4) is provided below the output end of the branch transporting mechanism (3), and the branch inserting mechanism (4) comprises a feeding hopper (401) and two groups of roller structures arranged crosswise and vertically, each group of roller structures comprises a fixed-axis pressure roller (402) and a movable pressure roller (403), and the fixed-axis pressure roller (402) and the movable pressure roller (403) are both rotatably connected to the crawler chassis (7).

2. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a pushing mechanism (9), which is arranged on the side wall of the storage box (1) and located above the long straight conveyor belt (202), and is used to push the tamarisk into the wedge-shaped gap formed between the triangular conveyor belt (201) and the long straight conveyor belt (202) through the pushing mechanism (9).

3. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (9) comprises a pushing plate and a telescopic arm, one end of the telescopic arm is connected to the side wall of the material storage box (1), and the other end of the telescopic arm is connected to the pushing plate.

4. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage box (1) is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged box partitions (101) inside.

5. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A guide block inclined downward is provided on one side of each guide rail (301), and a guide block inclined upward is provided on the other side of each guide rail (301), and the inclination directions of the guide blocks on the same side of the two guide rails (301) are consistent.

6. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The spacing between the fixed-axis pressing roller (402) and the movable pressing roller (403) matches the diameter of the Salix psammophila branches.

7. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The lever is provided with grooves, and the spacing between the grooves on the lever is the same as the spacing between the grooves on the guide rail (301).

8. The one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A furrowing mechanism (5) and a soil covering mechanism (6) are provided on the side of the grafting mechanism (4); the furrowing mechanism (5) is located in front of the grafting mechanism (4), and the soil covering mechanism (6) is located behind the grafting mechanism (4), and is used for furrowing before grafting and soil covering after grafting.

9. A method for laying a one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The bundled Salix psammophila branches are placed in a storage box (1), evenly divided by the box body partition (101), and then fall onto the squeezing sorting mechanism (2). Each Salix psammophila branch is peeled and conveyed by the triangular conveyor belt (201) and the long straight conveyor belt (202), and then falls into the branch conveying mechanism (3), and is further separated at equal intervals. The separated Salix psammophila branches fall into the unloading hopper (401), and after two posture corrections by two groups of cross-vertically arranged roller structures, they are squeezed into the sand after trenching under the action of the roller structures, and then the soil is covered at the position after the branches are planted by the soil covering mechanism (6), and the planting is completed. The grid sand barrier is laid under the drive of the reversing mechanism (8) and the driving mechanism (10).

10. The laying method of the one-time formed Salix psammophila grid sand barrier laying device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sand barrier laying device is driven to move at a uniform speed along the y-axis direction by controlling the reversing mechanism (8) and the driving mechanism (10), and the branching direction performed by the branching mechanism (4) is along the x-axis, so that the single row of willow branches forms an angle of 45° along the y-axis laying direction, and a single row of sand barriers is laid; when the single row of sand barriers is laid, the branching mechanism (4) moves along the negative x-direction, and the laying of the entire grid sand barrier is realized.

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