Combined rammer

Abstract

According to the combined rammer, the mode that the multiple rammer bodies are combined in a drawing and inserting mode is adopted, the rammer bodies can be rapidly combined or disassembled in construction, the weight and length of the rammer can be adjusted through combination or disassembly, and therefore one set of rammer can meet the construction requirements of different projects, or different hammering energy can be provided during construction of the same project; the combined rammer comprises a main rammer body and more than one auxiliary rammer body, the diameter of the main rammer body is the largest, the main rammer body is of a solid or partially solid structure, and a connecting pipe with a pin hole is arranged at the upper end of the main rammer body; when the number of the auxiliary hammer body is one, the auxiliary hammer body can be inserted into the inner cavity of the main hammer body; when the number of the auxiliary hammer bodies is more than two, the diameters of the auxiliary hammer bodies are sequentially reduced, and the auxiliary hammer body with the relatively small diameter can be inserted into the inner cavity of the other auxiliary hammer body; pin holes are formed in the upper and lower ends of the auxiliary hammer body; and the main hammer body and the auxiliary hammer bodies as well as the auxiliary hammer bodies are connected at the pin holes through transverse pins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to equipment for foundation pile construction, in particular to a combined rammer. Background Art

[0002] In building construction, the construction of foundation and base is the key to ensure the safety of the building, and foundation piles are a common means of foundation treatment. There are many types of foundation piles, each with its own characteristics. In the construction of foundation piles, rammers are a relatively common construction tool, especially in the construction of carrier piles, compaction piles, etc. It is a necessary construction tool. For example, carrier piles are a pile foundation construction technology developed in recent years. It uses cement sand mixtures as fillers, and then uses rammers to repeatedly tamp the fillers to form a carrier at the bottom of the pile to improve the bearing capacity of the pile. The invention and innovation of carrier pile technology has been widely used in the field of construction engineering, creating relatively significant social and economic benefits.

[0003] At present, the most commonly used rammer for carrier piles is a 3.5-ton slender rammer. The weight of the heavy hammer used in prefabricated pipe piles is even smaller, generally 2-3 tons. In many tests and constructions, it was found that due to the relatively light weight of the hammer and the small ramming energy generated, it cannot completely overcome the resistance of the soil at the pile end itself. The resistance is greater when the filler is rammed, so the filler volume is small and fails to form a good compaction effect, but it is easy to meet the penetration requirements. In fact, the bearing capacity corresponding to the penetration standard is not reached. At the same time, when tamping the filler in a relatively weak soil layer, it is easy to have a large number of ramming times and a large amount of filler, but it still cannot meet the three-strike penetration standard. The reason is that the ramming energy is relatively small, so the number of ramming times has to be increased. However, the more ramming times, the greater the disturbance to the soil at the pile end, and the soil is rammed into rubber soil, which loses its original bearing capacity, resulting in construction failure. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the weight of the rammer in a targeted manner.

[0004] Furthermore, as the length of the pile body becomes longer and longer, and various projects require different pile diameters, different construction conditions, and different hammering strengths, it is necessary to frequently replace tamping tools. How to use a set of tamping hammers to be suitable for the construction of different projects is another difficult problem encountered in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a combination rammer, which adopts a method of inserting and pulling together multiple hammer bodies, can be quickly assembled or disassembled during construction, and the weight and length of the rammer can be adjusted through assembly or disassembly, so that a set of rammers can be used to meet the construction needs of different projects, or different hammer energies can be provided during the construction of the same project.

[0006] The combined rammer comprises a main hammer body and more than one auxiliary hammer body, wherein the main hammer body has the largest diameter and is a solid or partially solid structure, and a connecting tube with a pin hole is provided at the upper end of the main hammer body; when there is one auxiliary hammer body, the diameter of the auxiliary hammer body is smaller than the diameter of the main hammer body and can be inserted into the inner cavity of the main hammer body; when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the diameters of the auxiliary hammer bodies decrease successively, and the auxiliary hammer body with a relatively smaller diameter can be inserted into the inner cavity of another auxiliary hammer body with a relatively larger diameter; pin holes are provided at the upper and lower ends of the auxiliary hammer bodies; the main hammer body and the auxiliary hammer body, as well as the auxiliary hammer bodies, are connected at the pin holes by transverse pins, and the length of the combined rammer can be controlled to be extended or shortened by adjusting the connection position of the pin holes; when there is one auxiliary hammer body, the hammer top of the auxiliary hammer body is connected to the lifting mechanism through the main steel wire rope, and when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the hammer top of the auxiliary hammer body with the smallest diameter is connected to the lifting mechanism through the main steel wire rope.

[0007] Preferably, the main hammer body is made of all steel, or of an outer layer of steel and an inner layer of iron, or of an outer layer of steel and an inner layer of concrete.

[0008] Preferably, when there is one auxiliary hammer body, the main hammer body is a partially solid structure, and when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the main hammer body is a solid structure.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of transverse pin holes on the hammer body of the auxiliary hammer body are arranged at the upper end and the bottom end of the auxiliary hammer body, or at the upper end, the middle part and the bottom end.

[0010] Preferably, when there is one auxiliary hammer body, it is a hollow tube or a solid or partially solid structure; when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the auxiliary hammer body with the smallest diameter is a hollow tube or a solid or partially solid structure, and the other auxiliary hammer bodies are hollow tube structures.

[0011] Best of all, the length of the combined rammer can be controlled to be extended or shortened by adjusting the pin hole connection position between the auxiliary hammer bodies. This means that when the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a smaller diameter is aligned with the top pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a larger diameter, that is, when most of the small diameter hammer body extends out of the large diameter hammer body, the length of the combined rammer is relatively extended; when the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a smaller diameter is aligned with the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a larger diameter, that is, when all or most of the small diameter hammer body is inserted into the large diameter hammer body, the length of the combined rammer is relatively shortened.

[0012] Preferably, a flat-bottomed or pointed-bottomed hammer shoe can be added to the bottom of the main hammer body, and the hammer shoe is detachably connected to the main hammer body through vertical and horizontal bolts, and the diameter of the hammer shoe is not less than the diameter of the main hammer body. By adding the hammer shoe, not only the bottom diameter of the combined rammer can be increased, but also the bottom area of ​​the rammer can be adjusted to meet the construction needs of different projects.

[0013] Preferably, an auxiliary steel wire rope can be added to the top hammer head of the auxiliary hammer body with the smallest diameter. The auxiliary steel wire rope is arranged along the main steel wire rope body. The sum of the length of the auxiliary steel wire rope and the length of the combined rammer should be greater than the length of the pile hole to ensure that the upper end of the auxiliary steel wire rope is exposed to the ground surface so that the combined rammer can be lifted up with the assistance of other lifting mechanisms. If the main steel wire rope breaks during the construction process, the rammer can be lifted up with the auxiliary steel wire rope. If the hammer squeaks during the construction, the auxiliary steel wire rope and other lifting mechanisms can also be used to assist in lifting the rammer, which is effective.

[0014] The combined rammer of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages: ① Compared with the commonly used slender heavy hammer, the combination of the main hammer body and the auxiliary hammer body can significantly increase the overall weight of the hammer, generally 4-10 tons, which can increase the ramming energy and improve the compaction effect during construction; ② It has strong adjustability, and the weight of the rammer can be adjusted by increasing or reducing the number of hammer bodies to meet the requirements of different bearing capacities, and the length of the rammer can be increased or reduced to meet the construction requirements of different pile lengths. The diameter of the main hammer body or the bottom hammer shoe can be adjusted to meet the construction requirements of different pile diameters or pipe pile inner diameters; it is particularly suitable for the construction of pile types such as carrier piles and compaction piles, and is not limited by the length, diameter, and inner diameter of prefabricated pipe piles or wall steel pipes while significantly improving the ramming energy; ③ It has low requirements on the height, rigidity, and structure of the construction equipment, and the commonly used small and medium-sized equipment in society can be used without modification; ④ The structure is clear and easy to process, and the main hammer body and the auxiliary hammer body can be quickly connected and disassembled, which is convenient for construction and transportation, meeting the actual construction needs of different projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a combination rammer; Figure 2 is a side view of a second embodiment of a combined rammer; Figure 3 is a side view of a third embodiment of a combined rammer; Figure 4 is a side view of a fourth embodiment of a combination rammer; Figures 1 to 4 Among them, 1 is the main hammer, 2 is the first auxiliary hammer body, 3 is the second auxiliary hammer body, 4 is the third auxiliary hammer body, 5 is the pin hole, 6 is the connecting pipe, 7 is the main wire rope, 8 is the auxiliary wire rope, and 9 is the hammer shoe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a combination rammer, wherein Figure 1 a is a schematic diagram of the fully extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 1 b is a schematic diagram of the semi-extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 1 c is a schematic diagram of the non-extended state of the combined rammer, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the combined hammer includes a main hammer body 1 and three auxiliary hammer bodies 2, 3, 4. The main hammer body 1 has the largest diameter and is a solid all-steel structure. A connecting pipe 6 with a pin hole 5 is provided at the upper end of the main hammer body 1. The outer diameter of the connecting pipe 6 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first auxiliary hammer body 2. The diameters of the three auxiliary hammer bodies decrease in sequence. The outer diameter of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 is the same as that of the main hammer body 1 and is a thick-walled hollow steel pipe structure. The second auxiliary hammer body 3 is also a thick-walled hollow steel pipe structure, and its outer diameter is slightly smaller than that of the first auxiliary hammer body 2. The inner diameter of the hammer body 2 is small, so it can be inserted into the inner cavity of the first auxiliary hammer body 2. The third auxiliary hammer body 4 is a solid steel structure, and its outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the second auxiliary hammer body 3, so it can be inserted into the inner cavity of the second auxiliary hammer body 3. Two transverse pin holes are provided at both ends of the three auxiliary hammer bodies 2, 3, and 4; the top hammer head of the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is connected to the main wire rope 7, and the main wire rope 7 is connected to the lifting mechanism or lifting equipment of the construction equipment; when the combined rammer is in the fully extended state, such as Figure 1 As shown in a, the connecting tube 6 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1 is inserted into the inner cavity of the first auxiliary hammer body 2, the pin hole 5 on the connecting tube 6 is aligned with the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 and fixed with a transverse pin, then the second auxiliary hammer body 3 is inserted into the upper end of the first auxiliary hammer body 2, the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the second auxiliary hammer body 3 is aligned with the pin hole 5 at the upper end of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 and fixed with a transverse pin, then the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is inserted into the upper end of the second auxiliary hammer body 3, the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is aligned with the pin hole 5 at the upper end of the second auxiliary hammer body 3 and fixed with a transverse pin, at this time, only the length of the connection between the three auxiliary hammer bodies overlaps, so the combined rammer is the longest and has the largest weight when it is in the fully extended state; when the combined rammer is in the semi-extended state, as shown Figure 1 As shown in b, Figure 1 Compared with a, the connection and fixing positions of the main hammer body 1 and the first auxiliary hammer body 2, and the first auxiliary hammer body 2 and the second auxiliary hammer body 3 remain unchanged, but the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is completely inserted into the inner cavity of the second auxiliary hammer body 3, and the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is aligned and fixed with the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the second auxiliary hammer body 3. At this time, the length of the combined rammer is reduced and the weight is the same as that in the fully extended state; when the combined rammer is in the non-extended state, such as Figure 1 c, and Figure 1 Compared with a, the connection and fixing position of the main hammer body 1 and the first auxiliary hammer body 2 remains unchanged, but the second auxiliary hammer body 3 is fully inserted into the inner cavity of the first auxiliary hammer body 2, and the third auxiliary hammer body 4 is fully inserted into the inner cavity of the second auxiliary hammer body 3. At this time, the length of the combined rammer is the smallest and the weight is the same as that in the fully extended state. Therefore, by adjusting the connection and fixing positions of the auxiliary hammer bodies 2, 3, and 4, combined rammers of different lengths can be obtained.

[0017] Figure 2 is a side view of a second embodiment of a combined rammer, wherein Figure 2 a is a schematic diagram of the fully extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 2 b is a schematic diagram of the semi-extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 2 c is a schematic diagram of the non-extended state of the combined rammer, Figure 1 Compared with the illustrated embodiment, the combination, structure and connection method are basically the same. By adjusting the connection and fixing positions of the auxiliary hammer bodies 2, 3, and 4, combined rammers of different lengths can be obtained. The difference is that the outer diameter of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the main hammer body 1, and the bottom end of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 is inserted into the connecting tube 6 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1 and fixed with a transverse pin.

[0018] Figure 3 is a side view of a third embodiment of a combined rammer, wherein Figure 3 a is a schematic diagram of the fully extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 3 b is a schematic diagram of the non-extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 3 c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main steel wire rope and auxiliary steel wire rope of the combined rammer; Figure 3 As shown, the combined rammer includes a main hammer body 1 and two auxiliary hammer bodies 2, 3. The main hammer body 1 has the largest diameter and is a solid all-steel structure. A connecting pipe 6 with a pin hole 5 is provided at the upper end of the main hammer body 1, and a flat-bottomed hammer shoe 9 with a diameter larger than that of the main hammer body 1 is added at the lower end of the main hammer body 1. The flat-bottomed hammer shoe 9 is detachably connected to the main hammer body 1 through a transverse bolt. The diameters of the two auxiliary hammer bodies decrease successively. The outer diameter of the first auxiliary hammer body 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 6 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1, and is a thick-walled hollow steel pipe structure. The second auxiliary hammer body 3 is a solid steel structure, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the first auxiliary hammer body 2, so it can be inserted into the inner cavity of the first auxiliary hammer body 3. The top hammer head of the second auxiliary hammer body 3 is connected to a main steel wire rope 7, and an auxiliary steel wire rope 8 is fixed to one side of the main steel wire rope 7. One end of the auxiliary steel wire rope 8 is connected to the hammer head of the second auxiliary hammer body 3, and the other end is exposed to the ground surface, and can be connected to other lifting equipment when needed. Figure 3 The third embodiment shown is Figure 1 Compared with the first embodiment shown, the differences are: first, an auxiliary hammer body is reduced, thereby moderately reducing the weight of the combined rammer and reducing the length of the combined rammer; second, a hammer shoe 9 and an auxiliary wire rope 8 are added.

[0019] Figure 4 is a side view of a fourth embodiment of a combined rammer, wherein Figure 4 a is a schematic diagram of the fully extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 4 b is a schematic diagram of the semi-extended state of the combined rammer. Figure 4 c is a schematic diagram of the non-extended state of the combined rammer; Figure 4As shown, the combined rammer includes a main hammer body 1 and an auxiliary hammer body 2. The main hammer body 1 has the largest diameter. The upper and middle parts of the main hammer body 1 are hollow steel pipe structures, and the lower part is a solid steel structure. A pin hole 5 is provided at the upper end of the main hammer body 1; the outer diameter of the auxiliary hammer body 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the main hammer body 1, and pin holes 5 are provided at the upper, middle and bottom ends of the auxiliary hammer body 2. The top hammer head of the auxiliary hammer body 2 is connected to a main steel wire rope 7, and the main steel wire rope 7 is connected to a lifting mechanism or lifting equipment of the construction equipment; Figure 4 a is a schematic diagram of the fully extended state of the combined rammer, where the pin hole 5 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1 and the pin hole 5 at the bottom end of the auxiliary hammer body 2 are aligned and fixed with a transverse pin, and the length of the combined rammer is the longest at this time; Figure 4 b is a schematic diagram of the semi-extended state of the combined rammer, where the pin hole 5 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1 and the pin hole 5 at the middle of the auxiliary hammer body 2 are aligned and fixed with a transverse pin, and at this time the length of the combined rammer is moderate; Figure 4 b is a schematic diagram of the non-extended state of the combined rammer. The pin hole 5 at the upper end of the main hammer body 1 and the pin hole 5 at the upper end of the auxiliary hammer body 2 are aligned and fixed with a transverse pin. At this time, the length of the combined rammer is the shortest; therefore, by adjusting the connection and fixing position of the main hammer body 1 and the auxiliary hammer body 2, combined rammers of different lengths can be obtained.

[0020] The above embodiments are merely illustrative rather than restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto. Other different forms of changes or modifications derived from the above descriptions are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined rammer, characterized in that: It includes a main hammer body and more than one auxiliary hammer body, the main hammer body has the largest diameter and is a solid or partially solid structure, and a connecting tube (extension tube) with a pin hole is provided at the upper end of the main hammer body; when there is one auxiliary hammer body, the diameter of the auxiliary hammer body is smaller than the diameter of the main hammer body and can be inserted into the inner cavity of the main hammer body; when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the diameters of the auxiliary hammer bodies decrease successively, and the auxiliary hammer body with a relatively smaller diameter can be inserted into the inner cavity of another auxiliary hammer body with a relatively larger diameter; a plurality of transverse pin holes are provided along the hammer body of the auxiliary hammer body; the main hammer body and the auxiliary hammer body, as well as the auxiliary hammer bodies, are fixedly connected at the pin holes by transverse pins, and the length of the combined rammer can be controlled to be extended or shortened by adjusting the connection position of the pin holes; when there is one auxiliary hammer body, the hammer top of the auxiliary hammer body is connected to the lifting mechanism through the main steel wire rope, and when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the hammer top of the auxiliary hammer body with the smallest diameter is connected to the lifting mechanism through the main steel wire rope.

2. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main hammer body is made of steel, or steel on the outside and iron on the inside, or steel on the outside and concrete on the inside.

3. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there is one auxiliary hammer body, the main hammer body is a partially solid structure; when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the main hammer body is a solid structure.

4. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of transverse pin holes on the hammer body of the auxiliary hammer body are arranged at the upper end and the bottom end of the auxiliary hammer body, or at the upper end, the middle part and the bottom end.

5. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there is one auxiliary hammer body, it is a hollow tube or a solid or partially solid structure; when there are two or more auxiliary hammer bodies, the auxiliary hammer body with the smallest diameter is a hollow tube or a solid or partially solid structure, and the other auxiliary hammer bodies are hollow tube structures.

6. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the pin hole connection position between the auxiliary hammer bodies can control the extension or shortening of the length of the combined rammer. This means that when the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a smaller diameter is aligned with the top pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a larger diameter, the length of the combined rammer is relatively extended; when the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a smaller diameter is aligned with the bottom pin hole of the auxiliary hammer body with a larger diameter, the length of the combined rammer is relatively shortened.

7. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flat-bottom or pointed-bottom hammer shoe can be added to the bottom of the main hammer body, and the hammer shoe is detachably connected to the main hammer body through bolts.

8. The combined rammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A secondary steel wire rope can also be added to the hammer top of the secondary hammer body with the smallest diameter. The secondary steel wire rope is arranged along the main steel wire rope body. The sum of the length of the secondary steel wire rope and the length of the combined rammer must be greater than the length of the pile hole to ensure that the upper end of the secondary steel wire rope is exposed to the ground so as to assist in lifting the combined rammer through other lifting mechanisms.

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