Drilling tool escape mechanism and mounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method, and relates to the technical field of deep space unmanned drilling, the drilling tool escape mechanism comprises a speed reducer, an unlocking component is fixed on the speed reducer, the unlocking component is connected with a torsion ring supporting rod component to form first-stage reinforcement, the torsion ring supporting rod component presses a tensioning component on a shell of the speed reducer to form second-stage reinforcement, and the torsion ring supporting rod component is connected with the speed reducer. The tensioning component is connected with the speed reducer and the drilling tool component, the drilling tool component comprises a drilling tool shell and a drilling rod, the end face of the drilling rod is connected to an end face fluted disc, and the end face fluted disc is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer. According to the drilling tool release mechanism and the installation method, the mechanism is small in occupied size and light in weight, center transmission is not affected, the large force increasing capacity is formed among all the components, the unlocking rope is small in stress and not prone to creep deformation, and the mechanism can be kept stable for a long time; the torsion ring supporting rod component and the tensioning component form a critical stable state, and it is guaranteed that the torsion ring supporting rod component and the drilling tool can be smoothly disconnected after unlocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned deep space drilling, and in particular to a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] When a drill bit is stuck during deep space unmanned drilling, there are limited ways to get out of the predicament, which may cause the probe to be trapped in place and unable to carry out subsequent exploration work. The drill bit escape mechanism is the last guarantee for drilling failures. When the drill bit is stuck and cannot be pulled out, the reducer is separated from the drill bit, allowing the probe to continue to complete other tasks. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method, so as to solve the problem that when a drill bit is stuck and cannot be pulled out, the detector is trapped in place and cannot perform subsequent detection work.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a drill tool escape mechanism, including a reducer, an unlocking component is fixed on the reducer, the unlocking component is connected to the torsion ring support rod component to form a primary force amplification, the torsion ring support rod component presses the tensioning component against the housing of the reducer to form a secondary force amplification, the tensioning component connects the reducer and the drill tool component, the drill tool component includes a drill tool housing and a drill rod, the end face of the drill rod is connected to the end face toothed disc, and the end face toothed disc is arranged on the output end of the reducer.

[0005] Preferably, the unlocking component includes an anchor point fixed on the reducer, a connecting rope and a hot knife assembly, the hot knife assembly includes a hot knife housing and a resistance wire arranged inside the hot knife housing, and the resistance wire includes a tungsten wire and a copper rod connected to both ends of the tungsten wire;

[0006] One end of the connecting rope passes through the tungsten wire and is connected to the anchor point.

[0007] Preferably, the torsion ring support rod component comprises a torsion ring fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rope, the torsion ring is fixedly connected to a support rod, and the end of the support rod is fixedly connected to a ball bowl.

[0008] Preferably, the tensioning component comprises a steel ball, a steel belt and a saddle wire, and the saddle wire is arranged on a stopper at a connection between the reducer and the drill housing to limit the rotation of the drill housing;

[0009] The steel ball and the steel belt are both arranged on the ball bowl, and a set screw is arranged on the steel belt, and the set screw connects the drilling tool housing and the steel belt.

[0010] Preferably, a drum-shaped cavity is provided inside the hot knife housing, and the inner surface of the drum-shaped cavity is coated with a high-reflective coating.

[0011] Preferably, the extension line of the support rod is tangent to the small circle at the center of the torsion ring, and the width of the support rod is greater than the thickness.

[0012] Preferably, the steel ball clamps and fixes the steel belt via rivets.

[0013] A method for installing a drilling tool escape mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, pass the connecting rope through the hot knife assembly, install the unlocking component on the housing of the reducer, and do not fix the two ends of the connecting rope;

[0015] Step 2: The steel belt is reserved in length, the three steel balls are placed in the pits on the housing of the reducer, the torsion ring support rod components are arranged, and the arm of the torsion ring is gently pulled to stabilize the torsion ring support rod components and the tensioning components;

[0016] Step 3, respectively fix the two ends of the connecting rope on the arm of the torsion ring and the anchor point, and install the end face gear disc;

[0017] Step 4, passing the steel belt through the opening on the drilling tool housing, aligning the end face toothed disc and the mounting hole of the saddle wire, pressing the drilling tool housing onto the housing of the reducer, and installing the saddle wire;

[0018] Step 5: Tighten each of the steel belts at the same time with the designed pre-tightening force, then tighten each of the set screws at the same time, cut off the steel belts, complete the installation, and unlock when it is necessary to escape and unlock.

[0019] Preferably, in step 5, when unlocking is required, the unlocking steps are as follows:

[0020] Step S1, when the drill rod is stuck during drilling, unlocking is performed, and when unlocking, the unlocking component is energized and heated, and the connecting rope is cut off;

[0021] Step S2: When the connecting rope is disconnected, the torsion ring and the support rod are in an unstable state;

[0022] Step S3, applying bending moment to the drill rod, the support rod pushes the torsion ring to twist, the torsion ring support rod components spread out, the steel ball falls out of the reducer housing, the drill tool components are separated from the reducer, and the unlocking process is completed.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned drilling tool escape mechanism and installation method, which has the following characteristics:

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The mechanism forms a two-level force-amplifying structure through the torsion ring support rod component and the tensioning component, which provides a large force-amplifying ratio, greatly reduces the size and mass of the connecting rope and the hot knife, makes the overall volume of the escape mechanism very small, and reduces the power supply capacity required for the hot knife to unlock.

[0026] (2) The torsion ring support rod component provided in the mechanism can form a stable state and an unstable state, thereby ensuring the reliability of connection and separation of the drilling tool through the escape mechanism.

[0027] (3) The torsion ring support rod components of this mechanism are evenly distributed around the circumference and are in good stress state. At the same time, the torsion ring is hollow and does not affect the original central torque transmission arrangement of the drill bit. The escape mechanism is designed inside the drill bit shell without changing the outer envelope of the drill bit, and the product has good adaptability.

[0028] (4) The installation method corresponding to this mechanism is simple and easy to install and operate, ensuring the reliable function of the mechanism.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a twist ring support rod component of a drilling tool escape mechanism and installation method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hot knife assembly of a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a hot knife assembly of a drilling tool escape mechanism and installation method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection between a steel ball and a steel belt of a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a drilling tool escape mechanism and an installation method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure numerals: 1. reducer; 2. hot knife assembly; 21. hot knife housing; 22. copper column; 23. tungsten wire; 3. connecting rope; 4. anchor point; 5. torsion ring; 6. support rod; 7. ball bowl; 8. steel ball; 81. rivet; 9; steel belt; 10. saddle wire; 11. set screw; 12. end face gear disc; 13. drill tool housing; 14. drill rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0039] Example

[0040] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a drilling tool escape mechanism, including a reducer 1. The reducer 1 in this embodiment refers to a power output device, not specifically a reducer. An unlocking component is fixed on the reducer 1, and the unlocking component plays a role in switching the escape mechanism from a stable state to an unstable state. The unlocking component is connected to the torsion ring support rod component, so that the torsion ring 5 and the support rod 6 are stable, forming a primary force increase. When the escape is unlocked, the connecting rope 3 is disconnected, making the torsion ring 5 and the support rod 6 unstable. The torsion ring support rod component presses the steel ball 8 in the tensioning component against the outer shell of the reducer 1 to form a secondary force increase, and relies on the unlocking component to form a stable state and an unstable state. The tensioning component connects the reducer 1 and the drilling tool component to provide a bending moment when the drilling tool component is working. The drilling tool component includes a drilling tool housing 13 and a drill rod 14. The end face of the drill rod 14 is connected to the end face toothed disc 12. The end face toothed disc 12 is arranged on the output end of the reducer 1. When the end face toothed disc 12 is working, it transmits the torque of the drill rod 14 when working, and the escape is disconnected from the drill rod 14. In addition to the end face gear plate 12, gear meshing, friction plates, etc. can also be used to transmit torque. Figure 6 The escape mechanism is completely installed in the housing of the reducer 1 and the housing 13 of the drill tool, without increasing the envelope size of the drill tool.

[0041] The unlocking component includes an anchor point 4 fixed on the reducer 1, a connecting rope 3 and a hot knife assembly 2. The hot knife assembly 2 includes a hot knife housing 21 and a resistance wire arranged inside the hot knife housing 21. The resistance wire includes a tungsten wire 23 and a copper column 22 connected to both ends of the tungsten wire 23. A drum-shaped cavity is arranged inside the hot knife housing 21. The inner surface of the drum-shaped cavity is coated with a high-reflective coating to reduce the power required for unlocking. One end of the connecting rope 3 passes through the tungsten wire 23 and is connected to the anchor point 4. The connecting rope 3 is made of Dyneema fiber. The connecting rope 3 connects the torsion ring 5 and the anchor point 4. The torsion ring 5 is kept stable when the drilling tool component is working normally. When it is out of trouble, it is disconnected due to heat, causing the torsion ring 5 and the support rod 6 to become unstable, and the entire escape mechanism is in an unstable state. The drilling tool component can be disconnected from the detector when subjected to a bending moment load. The connecting rope 3 can also be made of other materials.

[0042] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the installation relationship between the hot knife assembly 2 and the connecting rope 3 is shown. After the copper column 22 and the tungsten wire 23 are welded, they are inserted into the hot knife housing 21 from the front opening of the hot knife housing 21 to form the hot knife assembly 2. Because this mechanism forms a large force amplification ratio and reduces the diameter of the connecting rope, the volume of the hot knife assembly 2 can be greatly reduced, and the power used by the hot knife can be reduced.

[0043] The torsion ring support rod component includes a torsion ring 5 fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rope 3, a support rod 6 fixedly connected to the torsion ring 5, a ball bowl 7 fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 6, and three ball bowls 7 and three support rods 6 are provided. The extension lines of the three support rods 6 are tangent to the small circle at the center of the torsion ring 5. The force arm of the support rod 6 is very short. The force arm formed by the arm fixed to the torsion ring 5 and the connecting rope 3 is much larger than the force arm formed by the support rod 6, forming a first-level force amplification. The planes at both ends of the support rod 6 are in contact with the torsion ring 5 and the ball bowl 7 to form a stable support rod, which prevents the torsion ring 5 from further rotating under the traction of the connecting rope 3 and the ball bowl 7 from rotating around the steel ball 8. In addition, the width of the support rod 6 is greater than the thickness, which prevents the various parts of the torsion ring support rod component from bending in the axial direction. Figure 2 The figure shows the geometric relationship of the torsion ring support rod components. The support rod 6 is tangent to a small circle at the center of the torsion ring 5. The radius of the small circle is the arm length of the force exerted by a single support rod 6 on the torsion ring 5. The arm length of the connecting rope 3 is the distance between the connecting rope 3 at the fixed point of the arm rod of the torsion ring 5 and the center of the torsion ring 5.

[0044] The tensioning component is used to load prestress on the connection between the drill tool component and the reducer 1 outside the drill tool housing 13, provide bending moment when the drill tool component is working, and ensure bending stiffness. The tensioning component includes a steel ball 8, a steel belt 9 and a saddle wire 10. The saddle wire 10 is set on the stopper at the connection between the reducer 1 and the drill tool housing 13 to limit the rotation of the drill tool housing 13. In addition to the saddle wire 10, it can also be fixed by a square key, adhesive bonding, etc.

[0045] The steel ball 8 and the steel belt 9 are both arranged on the ball bowl 7. The steel ball 8 clamps and fixes the steel belt 9 through the rivet 81. The steel ball 8 is used as a pressing point. The spherical shape takes into account both the secondary force-increasing capability and the reliability when unlocking. When the steel ball 8 is released from the housing of the reducer 1, the steel belt 9 bends in the thickness direction when the steel ball 8 is released. The rigidity of the steel belt 9 in the thickness direction is very small, which ensures the reliability of the release of the steel ball 8.

[0046] The steel belt 9 is provided with a set screw 11, which connects the drill housing 13 and the steel belt 9. In addition to preloading the steel belt 9 and fixing with the set screw 11, wire rope preloading and adhesive fixing can also be used. The wire rope can replace the steel belt, and the adhesive can replace the set screw.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the connection state of the steel ball 8 and the steel belt 9 is shown. The steel belt 9 is folded several times and clamped in the steel ball 8 by the rivet 81. The steel ball 8 is fixed on the housing of the reducer 1, and the steel belt 9 is fixed on the drilling tool housing 13. The steel belt 9 is only subjected to tensile load and has a good stress state. The steel belt 9 is folded several times to improve the stress state of the steel belt 9 and the steel ball 8.

[0048] During the operation of the drilling tool, the steel ball 8 is pressed by the support rod 6 due to the pressure along the direction of the rivet 81, and the tension of the steel belt 9 is provided by the friction between the steel belt 9 and the steel ball 8. The rivet 81 does not bear the working load, so the rivet 81 does not need a large strength, and the rivet 81 can be designed to be smaller. The contact angle between the steel ball 8 and the outer shell of the reducer 1 forms a second-level force increase. When the escape mechanism loses stability, the spherical structure ensures the reliability of the steel ball 8 from the outer shell of the reducer 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the radius of the tangent circle of the extension line of the support rod 6 is 0.5mm, the arm of the torsion ring 5 is 11.5mm, and the primary force ratio is 7.67. The secondary force ratio is 3.86. The total force ratio is 29.6. The material of the connecting rope 3 is φ0.3mm diameter Dyneema fiber, the tension force is 20N, and the drilling tool parts can bear a bending moment of 9Nm. The support reaction force at both ends of the support rod 6 is 153.3N, realizing a reliable connection of the drilling tool.

[0050] The installation method of the drilling tool escape mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Pass the connecting rope 3 through the hot knife assembly 2, install the unlocking component on the housing of the reducer 1, and do not fix the two ends of the connecting rope 3;

[0052] Step 2: reserve the length of the steel belt 9, place the three steel balls 8 and the steel belt 9 in the pits on the housing of the reducer 1, place the torsion ring support rod components, and gently pull the arm of the torsion ring 5 to make the torsion ring support rod components and the tensioning components stable;

[0053] Step 3, fix the two ends of the connecting rope 3 on the arm of the torsion ring 5 and the anchor point 4 respectively, and install the end face gear disc 12;

[0054] Step 4, pass the steel belt 9 through the opening on the drill housing 13, align the end face toothed disc 12 with the mounting hole of the saddle wire 10, press the drill housing 13 onto the housing of the reducer 1, and install the saddle wire 10;

[0055] Step 5: Tighten the three steel belts 9 at the same time with the designed pre-tightening force, then tighten the three set screws 11 at the same time, cut off the steel belts 9, and complete the installation.

[0056] When unlocking is required, the following steps are included:

[0057] Step S1, when the drill rod 14 is stuck during drilling, it is unlocked, when unlocking, the unlocking component is powered on and heated, and the connecting rope 3 is cut off;

[0058] Step S2: when the connecting rope 3 is disconnected, the torsion ring 5 and the support rod 6 are in an unstable state;

[0059] Step S3, applying a bending moment to the drill rod 14, the support rod 6 pushes the torsion ring 5 to twist, the torsion ring support rod components are spread apart, the steel ball 8 is released from the housing of the reducer 1, the drill tool components are separated from the reducer 1, and the unlocking process is completed.

[0060] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned drill bit escape mechanism and installation method. The mechanism occupies a small volume and is light in weight. It does not affect the central transmission. A large force amplification capacity is formed between the components. The unlocking rope is subjected to little force and is not prone to creep. The stability of the mechanism can be maintained for a long time. The torsion ring support rod component and the tensioning component form a critical stable state, ensuring that the connection with the drill bit can be smoothly disconnected after unlocking.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling tool escape mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a reducer, on which an unlocking component is fixed, the unlocking component is connected to a torsion ring support rod component to form a primary force amplification, the torsion ring support rod component presses a tensioning component onto the housing of the reducer to form a secondary force amplification, the tensioning component connects the reducer and a drill tool component, the drill tool component includes a drill tool housing and a drill rod, the end face of the drill rod is connected to an end face toothed disc, and the end face toothed disc is arranged on the output end of the reducer.

2. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlocking component includes an anchor point fixed on the reducer, a connecting rope and a hot knife assembly, the hot knife assembly includes a hot knife housing and a resistance wire arranged inside the hot knife housing, and the resistance wire includes a tungsten wire and a copper rod connected to both ends of the tungsten wire; One end of the connecting rope passes through the tungsten wire and is connected to the anchor point.

3. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The torsion ring support rod component comprises a torsion ring fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rope, a support rod is fixedly connected to the torsion ring, and a ball bowl is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod.

4. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tensioning component includes a steel ball, a steel belt and a saddle wire, and the saddle wire is arranged on the stopper at the connection between the reducer and the drill housing, and is used to limit the rotation of the drill housing; The steel ball and the steel belt are both arranged on the ball bowl, and a set screw is arranged on the steel belt, and the set screw connects the drilling tool housing and the steel belt.

5. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drum-shaped cavity is arranged inside the hot knife shell, and the inner surface of the drum-shaped cavity is coated with a high-reflection coating.

6. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension line of the support rod is tangent to the small circle at the center of the torsion ring, and the width of the support rod is greater than the thickness.

7. A drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steel ball clamps and fixes the steel belt through rivets.

8. A method for installing a drilling tool escape mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Pass the connecting rope through the hot knife assembly and install the unlocking component on the housing of the reducer without fixing the two ends of the connecting rope; Step 2: Reserve the length of the steel belt, place the three steel balls in the pits on the reducer housing, arrange the torsion ring support rod components, and gently pull the arm of the torsion ring to make the torsion ring support rod components and the tensioning components stable; Step 3: Fix the two ends of the connecting rope to the arm of the torsion ring and the anchor point respectively, and install the end face gear disc; Step 4: Pass the steel belt through the opening on the drill housing, align the end face gear plate with the mounting hole of the saddle wire, press the drill housing onto the reducer housing, and install the saddle wire; Step 5: Tighten all the steel belts at the same time with the designed pre-tightening force, then tighten all the set screws at the same time, cut off the steel belts, complete the installation, and unlock when necessary.

9. The method for installing a drilling tool escape mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 5, when unlocking is required, the unlocking steps are as follows: Step S1, when the drill rod is stuck during drilling, unlocking is performed, and when unlocking, the unlocking component is energized and heated, and the connecting rope is cut off; Step S2: When the connecting rope is disconnected, the torsion ring and the support rod are in an unstable state; Step S3, applying bending moment to the drill rod, the support rod pushes the torsion ring to twist, the torsion ring support rod components spread out, the steel ball falls out of the reducer housing, the drill tool components are separated from the reducer, and the unlocking process is completed.

Images