Underground multi-stage perforation tool device for ultra-deep well

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-deep well underground multi-stage perforation tool device. The ultra-deep well underground multi-stage perforation tool device comprises a shell, a fixing system, a rotating system and a perforation system. The fixing systems are connected with the rotating system in a welded mode, the rotating system is connected with the perforating system in a welded mode, the fixing systems are in an I shape and divided into an upper group and a lower group, and four groups of supporting legs are evenly installed in the circumferential direction and used for fixing equipment in a well wall. The upper structure and the lower structure are drained through a central flow guide pipe, the upper end cover comprises three flow guide pipes, and the three flow guide pipes are starting air pipes of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system respectively and used for controlling operation of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system. Multi-layer perforation operation can be carried out at a time, multiple times of perforation can be carried out at the same perforation position, the radial perforation direction can be adjusted, compressed gas is adopted for driving, circuit detonation is not needed, safety is excellent, underground perforation operation efficiency can be effectively improved, and life and property safety of people can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of perforating devices, and in particular relates to an underground multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well. Background Art

[0002] In oil production operations, perforating oil and gas wells is a very important part. Its operation can be understood as lowering the perforator to the specified depth layer underground, using professional equipment to detonate explosives, and using the energy after the explosives are detonated to eject the perforating bullets, which pass through the casing and cement layer in turn to finally connect the formation with the oil layer well, so that the oil and gas in the formation can smoothly enter the oil well through the perforations. Most of the existing equipment is a single-layer perforating structure. When it is necessary to complete multiple perforating operations on one layer, it is necessary to frequently start and lower the equipment, which is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Multi-layer perforating equipment mostly uses triodes, detonators, cables and other detonation methods, which are not safe and can easily cause life and property safety. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an ultra-deep well underground multi-stage perforating tool device to effectively improve the efficiency of perforating operations, reduce equipment maintenance costs, and improve safety.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: an ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device, including a housing, a fixing system, a rotating system and a perforating system;

[0005] The fixing system is welded to the rotating system, and the rotating system is welded to the perforating system.

[0006] The fixing system is in an I-shape and is divided into two groups, upper and lower. Four groups of support feet are evenly installed in the circumferential direction to fix the equipment in the well wall; the upper and lower structures are drained through the central guide pipe, and the upper end cover includes three guide pipes, which are respectively the starting air pipes of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system, and are used to control the operation of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system;

[0007] The rotating system is divided into two groups, upper and lower, both of which are two-layer disc-shaped end covers, which are used to receive the airflow from the guide pipe and drive the perforating system to rotate radially;

[0008] The perforating system is a three-layer stacked welding installation, and each layer has four sets of perforating mechanisms distributed in the circumferential direction, which are used to receive the airflow from the guide pipe and then extend out of the shell to perform perforating operations.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing system further comprises a slide rail, a protrusion, a first cylinder, a connecting rod and a slider; the center position of the connecting rod is hinged to the protrusion, a first tension spring is provided on the slide rail, one end of the first tension spring is connected to the side of the slide rail close to the center of the shell, and the other end is connected to the slider, the slider is hinged to the supporting foot, and a first spring is provided on the slider;

[0010] After the guide tube receives the airflow, the first cylinder is lifted, pushing the connecting rod to link the slider to move along the slide rail, and pushing the support foot to the outside of the equipment housing, and the first spring is used to level the support foot.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating system is in an I-shape, with the upper and lower parts connected by a connecting column, and a first air duct, a duct and a duct hole are provided in the middle of the upper and lower parts for guiding the high-pressure gas inside the upper fixed system to the lower fixed system; wherein the upper part passively rotates radially under the thrust of the cylinder, and the lower part rotates passively.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating system further comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, an air collecting chamber, a third air guide pipe, a fourth air guide pipe, a second air cylinder, a second tension spring, an annular air chamber and an internal duct;

[0013] The end cover is provided with the annular gas bin, and the annular gas bin is provided with a gas delivery hole, a second gas guide pipe and a first flow guide hole; high-pressure gas enters the annular gas bin through the flow guide pipe and the gas delivery hole, enters the upper fixing system through the second gas guide pipe, and enters the gas collecting chamber through the first flow guide hole;

[0014] The air collecting chamber is located at the center of the end cover, and third air guide pipes are respectively provided on both sides, and the third air guide pipes are connected to the second cylinder. One end of the second tension spring is connected to the upper shell, and the other end is connected to the lower shell; one end of the second cylinder is connected to the upper shell, and the other end is connected to the lower shell, and they are fixed by a connection point;

[0015] The internal duct and the fourth air duct are used to provide high-pressure gas to the lower part of the rotating system;

[0016] Among them, the upper shell is welded to the fixing system, and the lower shell is welded to the perforating system. When the second cylinder is lifted, it drives the lower shell to rotate counterclockwise. When the second cylinder loses pressure, the lower shell rotates clockwise, and the rotating system is reset by the second tension spring.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating system further comprises a first pressure dividing valve and a throttle valve; the first pressure dividing valve is provided with an air delivery hole on the top for connecting to the starting air pipe of the perforating system, three different flow guide holes are provided on the side, and a piston and a second spring are provided inside;

[0018] The throttle valve is provided with a second guide hole, a third guide hole, a fourth guide hole, a throttle piston and a third spring, a duct is provided inside the throttle piston, the third guide hole is used to connect to the first pressure dividing valve, and the second guide hole is used to connect to the perforating system;

[0019] There are three groups of throttle valves, which are respectively connected to three different guide holes of the first pressure dividing valve and provide high-pressure gas for perforation systems of different levels.

[0020] Preferably, the perforating system comprises a perforating mechanism, a second annular air chamber, a third annular air chamber, and a drainage hole;

[0021] The perforating mechanism is internally connected to a screw rod and externally connected to a telescopic joint, and the telescopic joint is connected to one end of a third tension spring;

[0022] The second annular gas chamber is connected with a fifth flow guide hole and a second flow guide hole, and provides high-pressure gas to the perforating mechanism through a sixth gas guide pipe;

[0023] The third annular air storage is connected to a seventh air guide pipe, and is connected to a throttle valve of the rotating system through a fifth air guide pipe;

[0024] The drainage hole is used to discharge the high-pressure gas discharged by the perforating mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the perforating mechanism is provided with a second pressure-dividing valve, a turbine box, a one-way valve, a perforating tube, a perforating gun barrel, a gunpowder device, a firing pin, a third cylinder, and a fourth cylinder;

[0026] The one-way valve is used to discharge the exhaust gas of the fourth cylinder;

[0027] The turbine box is provided with blades, bearings, and end covers for passing the screw rod;

[0028] The second pressure-dividing valve is provided with a piston and a spring for activating the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder;

[0029] The perforating gun barrel is provided with a perforating bullet and a trajectory, and is connected to a gunpowder device, the gunpowder device is connected to a firing pin, and the perforating bullet flies out along the perforating gun barrel after the firing pin hits the gunpowder device to shoot the stratum;

[0030] The perforating tube is connected to the perforating gun barrel through a connecting rod and is used for ejecting perforating bullets.

[0031] Preferably, the perforating system is a three-layer stacked welding installation, and each layer has four groups of perforating mechanisms distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention bring the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The invention can perform multiple perforations in the same perforation, can perform multi-stage perforations, can radially adjust the perforation position, and can drain the drilling fluid in the barrel of the perforating gun during perforation, thereby reducing the resistance of the perforating bullet. It has no circuit design and is safe and reliable.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A top view, a side view and a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 An exploded view of an ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view and an exploded view of a fixing system of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 An exploded diagram a of a rotating system of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 An exploded diagram b of a rotating system of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 An exploded diagram of a pressure dividing valve and a throttle valve of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 An exploded diagram of a perforating system of a multi-stage perforating tool device for an ultra-deep well provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 A detailed diagram of a perforating mechanism of a multi-stage perforating tool device for ultra-deep wells provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 A detailed diagram of a perforating mechanism of a multi-stage perforating tool device for ultra-deep wells provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. b;

[0045] Fig.10Figure c is a detail diagram of a perforating mechanism of a multi-stage perforating tool device for ultra-deep wells provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Among them, 1-fixed system starts the air pipe, 2-perforation system starts the air pipe, 3-rotation system starts the air pipe, 4-fixed system, 5-rotation system, 6-perforation system, 7-weld;

[0047] Fixing system: 87-fixing system housing, 8-first tension spring, 9-slide rail, 10-protrusion, 11-first cylinder, 12-first connecting rod, 13-sliding block, 14-supporting foot, 15-first spring;

[0048] Rotating system: 16-duct, 17-first pressure dividing valve, 18-air delivery hole, 19-first annular air chamber, 20-second air guide pipe, 21-first bearing, 22-lower end cover of rotating system, 23-third air guide pipe, 24-connecting point, 25-throttle valve, 26-second cylinder, 27-second tension spring, 28-air collecting chamber, 29-first flow guide hole, 30-first air guide pipe, 31-upper end cover of rotating system, 32-internal duct, 33-fourth air guide pipe, 34-duct hole, 35-flow guide hole of first pressure dividing valve, 36-flow guide hole of first pressure dividing valve, 37-flow guide hole of first pressure dividing valve, 38-air delivery hole, 39-first piston, 40-second spring, 41-second flow guide hole, 42-third flow guide hole, 43-throttling piston, 44-third spring, 45-fourth flow guide hole;

[0049] 102-connecting column, 103-upper shell, 104-lower shell;

[0050] Perforating system: 46-drainage hole, 47-screw rod, 48-expansion joint, 49-second annular air chamber, 50-fifth guide hole, 51-fifth air guide pipe, 52-third annular air chamber, 53-sixth air guide pipe, 54-seventh air guide pipe, 55-third tension spring, 56-perforating mechanism;

[0051] Perforating mechanism: 57-eighth air pipe, 58-check valve, 59-turbine box, 60-second pressure dividing valve, 61-perforating tube, 62-blade, 63-end cover, 64-third cylinder, 65-eleventh air pipe, 66-ninth air pipe, 67-second piston, 68-fourth spring, 69-triangular block, 70-second connecting rod, 71-connecting rod ring, 72-fifth spring, 73-extrusion end cover, 74-left wedge-shaped protrusion, 75-right wedge-shaped protrusion, 76-perforating barrel, 77-sixth spring, 78 -perforating bullet, 79-ballistics, 80-return air pipe, 81-gas flow direction, 82-pin, 83-gunpowder, 84-gunpowder pin, 85-striker, 86-limit hook, 88-fourth tension spring, 89-second bearing, 90-clip, 91-torsion spring, 92-disc, 93-fourth cylinder, 94-sixth guide hole, 95-fifth cylinder, 96-fifth tension spring, 97-seventh spring, 98-tenth air pipe, 99-sixth tension spring, 100-seventh tension spring, 101-charging hole, 109-triangular protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device, including a fixing system 4, a rotating system 5 and a perforating system 6;

[0054] The fixed system 4 is welded to the rotating system 5, and the rotating system 5 is welded to the perforating system 6, wherein the fixed system 4 includes three layers of structures, namely the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, and the perforating system 6 is arranged between the two layers; and three guide pipes are arranged on the upper end cover of the upper fixed system 4, and the three guide pipes are respectively the starting air pipes of the fixed system 4, the rotating system 5 and the perforating system 6, which are used to control the operation of the fixed system 4, the rotating system 5 and the perforating system 6.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixing system 4 is in an I-shape and is divided into two groups, upper and lower. Four groups of supporting feet 14 are evenly installed in the circumferential direction to fix the equipment in the well wall; the upper and lower structures are drained through a central guide pipe;

[0056] Furthermore, the fixing system 4 also includes a 87-fixing system shell, a slide rail 9, a protrusion 10, a first cylinder 11, a first connecting rod 12 and a slider 13; the center position of the first connecting rod 12 is hinged to the protrusion 10, and the slide rail 9 is provided with a first tension spring 8, one end of the first tension spring 8 is connected to the side of the slide rail 9 close to the center of the shell, and the other end is connected to the slider 13, the slider 13 is hinged to the supporting foot 14, and the slider 13 is provided with a first spring 15, and the groove on the surface of the slider 13 is connected to the push rod of the first cylinder 11.

[0057] like Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the rotating system 5 is in an I-shape as a whole, and is divided into two groups, both of which are two-layer disc-shaped end covers, namely, the rotating system lower end cover 22 and the rotating system upper end cover 31. The rotating system 5 is used to drive the perforating system 6 to rotate radially after receiving the airflow from the guide pipe; the upper and lower parts of the rotating system 5 are connected by a connecting column 102, and a third air guide pipe 30, a duct 16 and a duct hole 34 are provided in the middle of the upper and lower parts, which are used to guide the high-pressure gas inside the upper fixed system 4 to the lower fixed system 4; wherein, the upper part is passively rotated radially under the thrust of the cylinder, and the lower part is driven to rotate.

[0058] Furthermore, the rotating system 5 further includes an upper shell 103, a lower shell 104, a gas collecting chamber 28, a first air guide pipe 20, a second air guide pipe 23, a second cylinder 26, a second tension spring 27, a first annular air chamber 19 and an internal duct 32, and the internal duct 32 and the fourth air guide pipe 33 are used to provide high-pressure gas to the lower part of the rotating system 5;

[0059] The first bearing 21 is installed at the upper protrusion of the lower end cover 22 of the rotating system, and the second cylinder 26 and the second tension spring 27 are installed at the bottom concave part;

[0060] The upper end cover 31 of the rotating system is provided with a first annular gas chamber 19, and the first annular gas chamber 19 is provided with a gas delivery hole 18, a first gas guide pipe 20 and a first flow guide hole 29; high-pressure gas enters the first annular gas chamber 19 through the flow guide pipe and the gas delivery hole, enters the upper fixed system 4 through the first gas guide pipe 20, and enters the gas collecting chamber 28 through the first flow guide hole 29;

[0061] The air collecting chamber 28 is located at the center of the rotating system end cover 31, and second air guide pipes 23 are respectively provided on both sides. The second air guide pipe 23 is connected to the second cylinder 26. One end of the second tension spring 27 is connected to the upper shell 103, and the other end is connected to the lower shell 104; one end of the second cylinder 26 is connected to the upper shell 103, and the other end is connected to the lower shell 104, and is fixed by a connection point 24;

[0062] like Figure 6As shown, the rotating system 5 further includes a first pressure dividing valve 17 and a throttle valve 25; the first pressure dividing valve 17 is provided with an air delivery hole 18 above it for connecting to the perforating system starting air pipe 3, and three different guide holes are provided on the side, and a first piston 39 and a second spring 40 are provided inside; the throttle valve 25 is provided with a second guide hole 41, a third guide hole 42, a fourth guide hole 45, a throttle piston 43 and a third spring 40, and a duct 32 is provided inside the throttle piston 43, the third guide hole 42 is used to connect to the first pressure dividing valve 17, and the second guide hole 41 is used to connect to the perforating system 6;

[0063] There are three groups of throttle valves 25 , which are respectively connected to three different flow guide holes of the first pressure dividing valve 17 and provide high-pressure gas for perforation systems 6 of different levels.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the perforating system 6 is a three-layer stacked welding installation, and each layer is distributed with four groups of perforating mechanisms in the circumferential direction, which are used to receive the airflow of the guide pipe and then extend out of the shell to perform perforating operations. The perforating system 6 is provided with a perforating mechanism 56, a second annular air chamber 49, a third annular air chamber 52, and a drainage hole 46; the perforating mechanism 56 is internally connected to a screw rod 47, and externally connected to a telescopic joint 48, and the telescopic joint 48 is connected to one end of a third tension spring 55, and the perforating mechanism 56 can move on the surface of the screw rod 47; the second annular air chamber 49 is connected to the second guide hole 41 through the fifth guide hole 50, and enters the four groups of perforating mechanisms 56 through the sixth air pipe 53 to provide high-pressure gas; the third annular air chamber 52 is connected to the fourth cylinder 93 through the seventh air pipe 54, and is connected to the throttle valve 25 of the rotating system through the fifth air pipe 51; the drainage hole 46 is used to discharge the high-pressure gas discharged from the one-way valve 58 of the perforating mechanism 56.

[0065] like Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, the perforating mechanism 56 is provided with an eighth air pipe 57, a one-way valve 58, a turbine box 59, a second pressure dividing valve 60, a perforating tube 61, a third cylinder 64, a ninth air pipe 66, an eleventh air pipe 67, a second connecting rod 70, an extruded end cover 73, and a perforating gun barrel 76; wherein the perforating tube 61, the connecting rod 70, the extruded end cover 73, and the perforating gun barrel 76 are sequentially connected in a horizontal position.

[0066] The eighth air guide pipe 57 is located at the top and is connected to the sixth air guide pipe 53 to provide high-pressure gas for the turbine box 59; the eleventh air guide pipe 67 is used to guide the high-pressure gas in the eighth air guide pipe 57 that has impacted the turbine box 59 to the second pressure-dividing valve 60; the second pressure-dividing valve 60 is provided with a second piston 67 and a spring 68 for activating the third cylinder 64 and the fifth cylinder 95; the turbine box 59 is provided with a blade 62 with internal threads, a bearing, and an end cover 63, wherein the screw 47 passes through the center of the turbine box 59; the one-way valve 58 is used to discharge the The exhaust gas of the fifth cylinder 95; the third cylinder 64 can push the extrusion end cover 73 to rotate after receiving the ninth air guide pipe 66; the connecting rod 70 pulls the four triangular blocks 69 to perform a closed flipping action; a connecting rod ring 71 is provided on the connecting rod 70, and a wedge block is provided at the tail of the connecting rod ring 71, which moves under the extrusion of the extrusion end cover 73 and is reset by the fifth spring 7; the left wedge-shaped protrusion 74 of the extrusion end cover 73 is connected to the fifth spring 7, and the right wedge-shaped protrusion 75 is connected to the perforating gun barrel 76, and the travel length of the left wedge-shaped protrusion 74 is twice that of the right wedge-shaped protrusion 75.

[0067] like Fig.10 As shown, the perforating gun barrel 76 is provided with a perforating bullet 78, a ballistic trajectory 79 with internal threads, and a return air pipe 80, and is connected to a gunpowder device, and the gunpowder device is connected to a firing pin 85. The firing pin 85 is pulled by the seventh tension spring 100 to hit the gunpowder device so that the perforating bullet 78 flies out along the perforating gun barrel 76 to shoot the formation; the perforating gun barrel 76 is pressed against the surface of the well wall by the fourth spring 68; the firing pin is limited by the limit hook 86, and the limit hook 86 is reset by the fifth tension spring 96.

[0068] The perforating bullets 78 are 25 rounds and are installed in a magazine 90. The perforating bullets are fed to the perforating gun barrel 76 by the elastic force of the sixth spring 77 and loaded by the bullet pin 82. The bullet pin 82 is reset by the seventh spring 97.

[0069] The gunpowder device is provided with gunpowder 82, gunpowder pin 84, disc 92, and charge hole 101. The gunpowder 82 is 25 pieces, which are distributed and installed in the round holes of the disc 92. The gunpowder 82 is installed in the holes on the surface of the disc 92 and can rotate under the torsion of the torsion spring 91. The gunpowder pin 84 is used to load the gunpowder 82. The charge hole 101 is used to charge the gunpowder.

[0070] The fourth cylinder 93 is connected to the third annular gas chamber 52 through the seventh air guide pipe 54, and the sixth flow guide hole 94 is connected to the second flow dividing hole of the second pressure dividing valve 60;

[0071] When the equipment needs to perform perforating operations, the equipment is lowered into the stratum at a specified depth, and high-pressure gas is filled into the fixing system starting air pipe 1. The fixing systems 4 at the upper and lower ends will extend the support feet 14, and the support feet 14 will be pressed against the well wall to fix the equipment in the well. Then, high-pressure gas is injected into the rotating system starting air pipe 2 at this time, and the perforating system 5 can be radially rotated to adjust the perforating position. After adjusting to a suitable position, high-pressure gas is injected into the perforating system starting air pipe 3, so that the four groups of perforating mechanisms 56 around the perforating system 6 can be pushed out of the equipment until they are pushed to the inside of the well wall. At this time, the gas pressure in the perforating system starting air pipe 3 can be increased to start the perforating mechanism to launch the perforating bullet 78 for perforating operations. Each group of perforating mechanisms 56 is installed with 25 perforating bullets 78 and gunpowder 83. By continuously injecting high-pressure gas, the perforating bullet 78 can be continuously launched. There are three groups of perforating systems 6, which are arranged up and down and we call them one-level, two-level and three-level perforating systems. They have the same structure. The starting pressure of each group of perforating systems 6 is different. By injecting gases of different pressures into the perforating system starting air pipe 3, the corresponding perforating system 6 can be started and whether it fires the perforating bullet 78 can be controlled. However, it can only be started layer by layer and cannot be started across layers. The premise of cross-layer startup is that the perforating bullet 78 of a certain level is fired empty, and the equipment automatically closes the perforating system 6 of this layer before the perforating system 6 can be started across layers to perform the perforating hole operation.

[0072] Embodiment 2: In this embodiment, when perforating operation is required, the ground air pump is connected to lower the equipment into the stratum at a specified depth. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0073] Implementation method of the fixing system 4 (taking the above fixing system as an example): high-pressure gas is injected into the starting air pipe 1 of the fixing system, and the high-pressure gas enters the first annular air bin 19 through the conduit and the air delivery hole 18 of the first annular air bin 19, and then enters the four groups of first air cylinders 11 through the four first air guide pipes 20 distributed on the inner wall of the first annular air bin 19, so that the first cylinder 11 is lifted, pushing the first connecting rod 12 to move, and the linkage slider 13 moves along the slide rail 9 to push the support foot 14 to the outside of the equipment shell. When the support foot 14 contacts the well wall, the support foot 14 can be leveled by the first spring 15. When the support foot 14 needs to be retracted, the gas supply of the starting air pipe 1 of the fixing system is cut off, and the slider 13 can move toward the inside of the equipment along the slide rail 9 under the tension of the first tension spring 8 to pull the support foot 14 back to the inside of the equipment.

[0074] Among them, while the upper fixed system 4 moves, part of the gas will flow through the first guide hole 29, through the third air duct 30, into the internal duct 32 and the fourth conduit 33 of the rotating system end cover 31, injecting high-pressure gas into the lower fixed system 4 and making it move synchronously with the top fixed system 4 (the fixing principle of the lower fixed system 4 is consistent with that of the upper fixed system).

[0075] Implementation method of the rotating system 5 (taking the above partial rotating system as an example): high-pressure gas is injected into the rotating system starting air pipe 2, and the high-pressure gas is collected into the air collecting chamber 28 through the first guide hole 29, and then diverted from the air collecting chamber 28 to the second air pipes 23 on the left and right sides to flow into the second cylinder 26, so that the second cylinder 26 is lifted. When the second cylinder 26 is lifted, since the upper shell 103 and the fixing system 4 are fixed, the lower shell 104 will rotate radially counterclockwise, thereby driving the perforating system 6 to rotate radially counterclockwise as a whole. When the rotating system needs to be reset, the gas supply inside the rotating system starting air pipe 2 is cut off, the pressure in the second cylinder 26 is lost, and under the tension of the second tension spring 27, the upper shell 103 and the lower shell 104 rotate clockwise to reset the position of the rotating system 5.

[0076] Among them, when the equipment runs to the angle required for perforating operation, the gas injection is stopped and the corresponding position can be kept motionless.

[0077] Implementation method of perforating system 6: high-pressure gas is injected into the air pipe 3 when the perforating system is started. At this time, the gas will be injected into the first pressure-dividing valve 17 through the internal air pipe. Three guide holes 35-36-37 are arranged on the side of the first pressure-dividing valve 17. When high-pressure gas is injected above the first pressure-dividing valve 17, the first piston 39 will be pressed downward. Under the influence of the elastic force of the second spring 40, when high-pressure gas of different pressures is injected, the first piston 39 will be pressed down to different heights respectively, thereby connecting the three different guide holes on the side - 35-36-37 respectively. These three guide holes correspond to the first, second and third level perforating systems of the perforating system 6 respectively.

[0078] Taking the activation of only one-stage perforating system as an example, high-pressure gas flows through the guide hole 35 of the first pressure-dividing valve 17 to the third guide hole 42 on the top of the throttle valve 25, flows through the internal duct of the throttle piston 43, and flows through the second guide hole 41 to the fifth guide hole 50 of the second annular air chamber 49 in the perforating mechanism 56 (the second guide hole 41 and the fifth guide hole 50 are connected by a hose, and for the convenience of viewing, this hose is not marked in the figure), and is divided into four sixth air pipes 53 through the second annular air chamber 49, and enters four groups of perforating mechanisms 56 respectively. The other end of the sixth air pipe 53 is connected to the eighth air pipe 57. The gas enters two groups of turbine boxes 59 through the eighth air pipe 57, blowing the blades 62 inside the turbine box 59 to rotate. There is a round hole at the center of the blade 62, and threads and rollers are arranged inside. When the paddle 62 rotates, it drives the shooting mechanism 56 as a whole to be pushed outward along the screw 47 until it hits the well wall. When the turbine box 59 is running, the gas flowing through the turbine box 59 continues to flow to the second pressure-dividing valve 60 (the structure is consistent with the first pressure-dividing valve 17), flows into the ninth air guide pipe 66, and flows into the third cylinder 64, so that the third cylinder 64 is lifted, driving the extrusion end cover 73 to rotate. When the extrusion end cover 73 rotates, it squeezes the wedge block at the tail of the connecting rod ring 71 to move, pulls the second connecting rod 70 to move, pulls the triangular block 69 to flip open, opens the front end of the perforating tube 61, and makes the perforating gun barrel 76 directly face the well wall. When the extrusion end cover 73 rotates to halfway, the wedge block on its right side squeezes the perforating gun barrel 76 to move to the right once and quickly resets.

[0079] At this time, all the preliminary work is ready, and the shooting operation is carried out. The process of the shooting operation is as follows: keep the air flow input in the air pipe 3 of the perforating system, and after the extrusion end cover 73 rotates to the end of the stroke and stops, the pressure inside the ninth air pipe 66 is increased, and no air flow enters, the pressure inside the second pressure dividing valve 60 is increased, and the second piston 67 moves downward, connecting the second diversion hole, so that the gas enters the fifth cylinder 95, and the fifth cylinder 95 is lifted to drive the limit hook 86 to move, releasing the restriction on the striker 85, and then the gas inside the fifth cylinder 95 is discharged to the outside of the equipment through the tenth air pipe 98 and the one-way valve 58, and the fifth After the gas in the cylinder 95 is exhausted, the limit hook 86 is reset under the tension of the fifth tension spring 96, and the firing pin 85 hits the gunpowder 83 under the tension of the seventh tension spring 100 to detonate the gunpowder 83. The high-pressure gas passes through the hole at the center of the pin 82 to launch the perforating bullet 78 along the trajectory 79. When the perforating bullet 78 flows through the return pipe 80 near the end of the trajectory 79, a part of the high-pressure gas flows back through the trajectory 80 to push the pin 82 backward. The pin 82 quickly returns to its original position under the thrust of the seventh spring 97, and at the same time, it hits the next perforating bullet 78 into the trajectory 79 to complete the loading. The high-pressure gas in the return pipe 80 The body continues to divert the flow to push the gunpowder pin 84 backwards, so that it is pulled out of the ammunition hole of the disc 92. At the moment when it is pulled out, the disc 92 rotates under the action of the torsion spring. When it turns to the next gunpowder hole, the gunpowder pin quickly pushes the gunpowder 83 into the inside of the bullet pin 82 under the action of the sixth tension spring 99, and then the high-pressure gas in the return air pipe 80 continues to divert the flow to push the firing pin 85 backwards until it is stuck in the inner side of the limit hook 86. This is one shot. If multiple shots are required, keep starting the perforating system to inject gas into the air pipe 3. When the perforating operation is completed until the last gunpowder is shot, the triangular protrusion 109 on the outer ring of the disc 92 will hook The push rod of the fourth cylinder 93 causes the fourth cylinder 93 to be passively stretched. Since the fourth cylinder 93 is connected to the third annular air chamber 52 using the seventh air pipe 54, and the third annular air chamber 52 is connected to the fourth guide hole 45 of the throttle valve 25 through the fifth air pipe 51, when the fourth cylinder 93 is stretched, the throttle piston 43 will shrink downward, causing the internal duct of the throttle piston 43 and the second guide hole 41 to be misaligned, cutting off the gas flow in the air pipe 3 of the perforating system startup, causing the first-level perforating system to lose its power source and stop the perforating operation. Under the tension of the third tension spring 55, the perforating mechanism 56 is retracted into the equipment.

[0080] When it is necessary to stop all operations and raise the equipment to the wellbore, it is only necessary to disconnect the air supply of the fixed system starting air pipe 1, the perforating system starting air pipe 3, and the rotating system starting air pipe 2, and the fixed system 4, the rotating system 5, and the perforating system 6 can be automatically reset.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultra-deep well underground multi-stage perforating tool device, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a fixing system, a rotating system and a perforating system; The fixing system is welded to the rotating system, and the rotating system is welded to the perforating system. The fixing system is in an I-shape and is divided into two groups, upper and lower. Four groups of support feet are evenly installed in the circumferential direction to fix the equipment in the well wall; the upper and lower structures are drained through the central guide pipe, and the upper end cover includes three guide pipes, which are respectively the starting air pipes of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system, and are used to control the operation of the fixing system, the rotating system and the perforating system; The rotating system is divided into two groups, upper and lower, both of which are two-layer disc-shaped end covers, which are used to receive the airflow from the guide pipe and drive the perforating system to rotate radially; The perforating system is a three-layer stacked welding installation, and each layer has four sets of perforating mechanisms distributed in the circumferential direction, which are used to receive the airflow from the guide pipe and then extend out of the shell to perform perforating operations.

2. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing system further comprises a slide rail (9), a protrusion (10), a first cylinder (11), a connecting rod (12) and a sliding block (13); The center position of the connecting rod (12) is hinged to the protrusion (10), and the slide rail (9) is provided with a first tension spring (8), one end of the first tension spring (8) is connected to the side of the slide rail (9) close to the center of the shell, and the other end is connected to the slider (13), the slider (13) is hinged to the supporting foot (14), and the slider (13) is provided with a first spring (15); After the guide tube receives the airflow, the first cylinder (11) is lifted, pushing the connecting rod (12) to link the slider (13) to move along the slide rail (9), and pushing the support foot (14) to the outside of the device housing, and using the first spring (15) to level the support foot (14).

3. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating system is in an I-shape, with the upper and lower parts connected by a connecting column (102), and a first air guide pipe (30), a duct (16) and a duct hole (34) are provided in the middle of the upper and lower parts for guiding the high-pressure gas in the upper fixed system to the lower fixed system; Among them, the upper part is passively rotated radially under the thrust of the cylinder, and the lower part is driven to rotate.

4. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotating system further comprises an upper shell (103), a lower shell (104), an air collecting chamber (28), a fourth air guide pipe (33), a second air cylinder (26), a second tension spring (27), a first annular air chamber (19) and an internal duct (32); The annular gas bin (19) is arranged on the end cover (31), and is provided with a gas delivery hole (18), a second gas guide pipe (20) and a first flow guide hole (29); high-pressure gas enters the first annular gas bin (19) through the flow guide pipe and the gas delivery hole (18), enters the upper fixing system through the second gas guide pipe (20), and enters the gas collecting chamber (28) through the first flow guide hole (29); The air collecting chamber (28) is located at the center of the end cover (31), and third air guide pipes (23) are respectively provided on both sides. The third air guide pipe (23) is connected to a second cylinder (26). One end of the second tension spring (27) is connected to the upper shell (103), and the other end is connected to the lower shell (104); one end of the second cylinder (26) is connected to the upper shell (103), and the other end is connected to the lower shell (104), and is fixed by a connection point (24); The internal duct (32) and the fourth air guide pipe (33) are used to provide high-pressure gas to the lower part of the rotating system; The upper shell (103) is welded to the fixing system, and the lower shell (104) is welded to the perforating system. When the second cylinder (26) is lifted, it drives the lower shell (104) to rotate counterclockwise. When the second cylinder (26) loses pressure, the lower shell (104) rotates clockwise, and the rotating system is reset by the second tension spring (27).

5. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating system further comprises a first pressure dividing valve (17) and a throttle valve (25); The first pressure dividing valve (17) is provided with an air delivery hole above for connecting to the starting air pipe of the perforating system, and three different flow guide holes are provided on the side thereof, and a piston (39) and a second spring (40) are provided inside; The throttle valve (25) is provided with a second flow guide hole (41), a third flow guide hole (42), a fourth flow guide hole (45), a throttle piston (43) and a third spring (44); a duct is provided inside the throttle piston (43); the third flow guide hole (42) is used to connect to the first pressure dividing valve (17); and the second flow guide hole (41) is used to connect to a perforating system; The throttle valves (25) are provided in three groups, which are respectively connected to three different flow guide holes of the first pressure dividing valve (17) and provide high-pressure gas for perforation systems of different levels.

6. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforating system comprises a perforating mechanism (56), a second annular air chamber (49), a third annular air chamber (52), and a drainage hole (46); The perforating mechanism (56) is internally connected to a screw rod (47) and externally connected to a telescopic joint (48), and the telescopic joint (48) is connected to one end of a third tension spring (55); The second annular gas chamber (49) is connected to a fifth flow guide hole (50) and a second flow guide hole (41), and provides high-pressure gas to the perforating mechanism (56) through a sixth gas guide pipe (53); The third annular air chamber (52) is connected to a seventh air guide pipe (54), and is connected to a throttle valve (25) of the rotating system (5) through a fifth air guide pipe (51); The drainage hole (46) is used to discharge the high-pressure gas discharged by the perforating mechanism (56).

7. The ultra-deep well downhole multi-stage perforating tool device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The perforating mechanism is provided with a second pressure-dividing valve (60), a turbine box (59), a one-way valve (58), a perforating tube (61), a perforating gun barrel (76), a gunpowder device, a firing pin (85), a third cylinder (64), and a fifth cylinder (95); The one-way valve (58) is used to discharge the exhaust gas of the fifth cylinder (95); The turbine box (59) is provided with blades, bearings, and end covers for passing the screw (47); The second pressure dividing valve (60) is provided with a piston and a spring, and is used to activate the third cylinder (64) and the fifth cylinder (95); The perforating gun barrel (76) is provided with a perforating bullet and a trajectory, and is connected to a gunpowder device, the gunpowder device is connected to a firing pin, and the perforating bullet flies out along the perforating gun barrel after the firing pin hits the gunpowder device to shoot the stratum; The perforating tube (61) is connected to the perforating gun barrel (76) via a connecting rod and is used for ejecting perforating bullets.

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