Rock burst protection structure, method, device and equipment for roadway bottom plate

Abstract

The invention provides a rock burst protection structure, method, device and equipment for a roadway baseplate, the structure is arranged in an area below the roadway baseplate, the structure comprises a deep anchor cable anchoring layer, an energy reflecting layer, an energy absorption buffer layer and a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer, the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is located below a preset over-excavation area of the roadway baseplate, and the shallow anchor rod anchoring layer is located below a preset over-excavation area of the roadway baseplate; the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is obtained by arranging anchor cables in a floor rock stratum; the energy reflecting layer is arranged above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, the energy reflecting layer comprises a plurality of concrete pier columns which are parallel to a roadway bottom plate and are of a first preset height, and a first preset distance is arranged between every two adjacent concrete pier columns; the energy-absorbing buffer layer is arranged above the energy reflecting layer, and the energy-absorbing buffer layer is obtained by filling a porous ultra-light energy-absorbing material with a second preset height above the energy reflecting layer; the shallow anchor rod anchoring layer is arranged above the energy absorption buffer layer, and the shallow anchor rod anchoring layer is obtained by filling the upper portion of the energy absorption buffer layer with concrete with a third preset height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of mine safety technology, and in particular to a rock burst protection structure, method, device and equipment for a tunnel floor. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst refers to the instantaneous high-intensity impact caused by sudden stress release in coal mine tunnels. Rock burst not only causes tunnel deformation and equipment damage, but also seriously threatens the lives of miners.

[0003] In the related technologies, traditional measures for the impact resistance of tunnel floors are mostly single prevention and control means, which cannot effectively prevent and control the deformation and damage of tunnels caused by impact. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an impact ground pressure protection structure, method, device and electronic equipment for a tunnel floor.

[0006] The impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor proposed in the first aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that the structure is arranged in the area below the tunnel floor, and the structure includes: a deep anchor cable anchoring layer, an energy reflection layer, an energy absorption buffer layer, and a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer, wherein:

[0007] The deep anchor cable anchoring layer is located below the preset over-excavation area of ​​the tunnel floor, and the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is obtained by setting anchor cables in the floor rock layer;

[0008] The energy reflection layer is arranged above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, and the energy reflection layer comprises: a plurality of concrete piers of a first preset height parallel to the tunnel floor, wherein each concrete pier is spaced apart by a first preset distance;

[0009] The energy absorbing buffer layer is arranged above the energy reflecting layer, and the energy absorbing buffer layer is obtained by filling a porous ultra-light energy absorbing material with a second preset height above the energy reflecting layer;

[0010] The shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is arranged above the energy absorbing buffer layer, and the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is obtained by filling concrete with a third preset height above the energy absorbing buffer layer.

[0011] A method for protecting a tunnel floor from rock bursts according to a second aspect of the present disclosure includes:

[0012] Determine a preset overbreak area below the roadway floor of the roadway;

[0013] Based on the preset over-excavation area, an impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor as in the above-mentioned first aspect embodiment is set.

[0014] A rock burst protection device for a tunnel floor is provided in a third aspect of the present disclosure, and the device comprises:

[0015] A determination module for determining a preset overbreak area below a roadway floor of the roadway;

[0016] A setting module is used to set up an impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor as in the first aspect embodiment described above based on a preset over-excavation area.

[0017] The electronic device proposed in the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor proposed in the second embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0018] The fifth aspect embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor as proposed in the second aspect embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] The sixth aspect embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a computer program product. When the instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor, the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor proposed in the second aspect embodiment of the present disclosure is executed.

[0020] The rock burst protection structure, method, device and electronic equipment for tunnel bottom plate provided by the present disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects: the rock burst protection structure for tunnel bottom plate is arranged in the area below the tunnel bottom plate, and the structure comprises: a deep anchor cable anchoring layer, an energy reflection layer, an energy absorption buffer layer and a shallow rod anchoring layer, wherein the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is located below the preset over-excavation area of ​​the tunnel bottom plate, and the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is obtained by arranging anchor cables in the bottom plate rock layer; the energy reflection layer is arranged above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, and the energy reflection layer comprises: a plurality of concrete piers of a first preset height parallel to the tunnel bottom plate, wherein each concrete pier is spaced by a first preset distance; the energy absorption buffer layer is arranged above the energy reflection layer, and the energy absorption buffer layer is obtained by arranging anchor cables in the energy reflection layer. The porous ultra-light energy-absorbing material of a second preset height is filled above the radiation layer; the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is arranged above the energy-absorbing buffer layer, and the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is obtained by filling concrete of a third preset height above the energy-absorbing buffer layer. Thus, through the combined deep and shallow anchoring measures, multi-level impact-resistant support is provided, and the mechanical properties of the deep and shallow bottom plates are changed through structural reshaping, so that the support body composed of anchor bolts / cables-surrounding rock has stronger energy dissipation and absorption capabilities, thereby enhancing the impact resistance and bearing capacity of the bottom plate, reducing the risk of tunnel deformation, and through the setting of the energy reflecting layer and the energy-absorbing buffer layer, a dual prevention and control measure of energy reflection + energy absorption is formed, which effectively reduces the transmission of impact energy to the shallow bottom plate and enhances the overall safety of the tunnel bottom plate.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description or learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock burst protection structure for a tunnel floor proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy absorbing buffer layer proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for protecting tunnel floor from rock bursts according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rock burst protection device for a tunnel floor proposed in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5A block diagram of an exemplary electronic device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present disclosure include all changes, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an impact ground pressure protection structure for a tunnel floor proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the rock impact protection structure for the tunnel floor is arranged in the area below the tunnel floor, and the rock impact protection structure for the tunnel floor includes: a deep anchor cable anchoring layer, an energy reflection layer, an energy absorption buffer layer, and a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer.

[0031] Among them, the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is located below the preset over-excavation area of ​​the tunnel floor, and the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is obtained by setting anchor cables in the bottom rock layer.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, see the above Figure 1 That is, the tunnel floor may be over-excavated downward to determine a preset over-excavation area, providing sufficient space for the setting of an impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor. The size of the preset over-excavation area may be adaptively set in combination with the mining and ground stress data of the tunnel, and there is no restriction on this.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, see the above Figure 1 Below the preset over-excavation area of ​​the tunnel floor is the bottom rock layer, and anchor cables may be set in the bottom rock layer, and the bottom rock layer where the anchor cables are set is determined as the deep anchor cable anchoring layer.

[0034] In the disclosed embodiment, by reshaping the structure of the bottom rock layer below the preset over-excavation area, the support body composed of the anchor cable and the bottom rock layer (deep anchor cable anchoring layer) has a stronger energy dissipation and absorption capacity, thereby further enhancing the impact resistance of the deep surrounding rock.

[0035] The energy reflection layer is arranged above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, and the energy reflection layer comprises: a plurality of concrete piers with a first preset height parallel to the tunnel floor, wherein each concrete pier is spaced apart by a first preset distance.

[0036] The first preset height and the first preset distance can be adaptively set according to the actual conditions of the lane, and there is no restriction on this.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, see the above Figure 1 That is, in a preset over-excavation area above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, a plurality of concrete piers of a first preset height are arranged parallel to the tunnel floor at intervals of a first preset distance as an energy reflection layer.

[0038] In the disclosed embodiment, the energy reflection layer can utilize the supporting function of the concrete piers to make the tunnel floor have a better bearing capacity. More importantly, the concrete piers are arranged at a first preset distance interval, and the hole space reserved between the piers can reduce the overall wave impedance of this layer. According to the relationship between energy propagation and medium wave impedance, the smaller the medium wave impedance, the more incident energy will be returned in the form of reflected energy, and most of the energy will not enter the medium. This reduces the proportion of impact energy that continues to be transmitted to the upper structure.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a first rigid plate may be laid on top of the energy reflecting layer, thereby facilitating the arrangement of other structures.

[0040] The energy absorbing buffer layer is arranged above the energy reflecting layer, and the energy absorbing buffer layer is obtained by filling a porous ultra-light energy absorbing material with a second preset height above the energy reflecting layer.

[0041] In the disclosed embodiment, the porous ultra-light energy-absorbing material is foam concrete.

[0042] In the disclosed embodiment, the energy absorbing buffer layer adopts a porous ultra-light energy absorbing material to effectively absorb the impact energy transmitted from the energy reflecting layer and reduce its transmission to the upper structure.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing buffer layer proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The impact ground pressure protection structure also includes: a first rigid plate and a second rigid plate, wherein the first rigid plate is arranged between the energy-reflecting layer and the energy-absorbing buffer layer; the second rigid plate is arranged between the energy-absorbing buffer layer and the shallow anchor rod anchoring layer.

[0044] In the disclosed embodiment, by respectively arranging rigid plates above and below the energy absorbing buffer layer, the porous ultra-light energy absorbing material can be prevented from being damaged, and the arrangement of a shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer can be facilitated.

[0045] In the disclosed embodiment, the second preset height is determined based on the following method: obtaining the rock physical and mechanical parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock and the ground stress data of the tunnel; determining the second preset height based on the rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data.

[0046] Among them, see above Figure 1 , tunnel surrounding rock includes: Figure 1 The roof rock layer, coal seam and floor rock layer are shown.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second preset height is determined based on the rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data. The rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data can be input into the simulation model to determine the tunnel deformation information corresponding to different initial preset heights, wherein the tunnel deformation information is used to describe the deformation of the tunnel. When the tunnel deformation information indicates that the tunnel has not been deformed, the minimum initial preset height corresponding to the tunnel deformation information is determined, and the minimum initial preset height is determined as the second preset height.

[0048] The simulation model may be, for example, a three-dimensional fast Lagrangian analysis (FLAC 3D) model, which is not limited.

[0049] In the disclosed embodiment, the second preset height can be adjusted and optimized according to the specific conditions of different lanes, so as to adapt to the characteristics of different lanes.

[0050] For example, the ground stress data can be obtained in combination with previous monitoring data (the maximum impact energy value is 106J, and the ground stress test is carried out in the tunnel, and the maximum horizontal principal stress is 27MPa, the minimum horizontal principal stress is 16MPa, and the vertical stress is 25Mpa). Rock samples are obtained from the tunnel floor and sent to the laboratory to measure the rock physical and mechanical parameters (for example, the uniaxial compressive strength is 80MPa, the elastic modulus is 6.3GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.35, and the internal friction angle is 35°). The ground stress data and rock mechanical parameters are imported into the simulation model to simulate the deformation of the tunnel under different buffer energy absorption layer thicknesses, and the minimum buffer energy absorption layer thickness that can ensure the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock is selected as the second preset height.

[0051] The shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is arranged above the energy absorbing buffer layer, and the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is obtained by filling concrete with a third preset height above the energy absorbing buffer layer.

[0052] In the implementation of the present disclosure, anchor rods of a third preset height are arranged in the concrete of a third preset height in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate of the tunnel.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third preset height is determined based on the following method: determining the depth of the preset over-excavation area; determining a first difference between the depth and the first preset height; determining a third difference between the first difference and the second preset height; and determining the third difference as the third preset height.

[0054] That is to say, in the disclosed embodiment, the remaining space in the preset over-excavation area can be backfilled with concrete on the second rigid plate, and after the concrete has finally set, high prestressed strong anchor rods are set in the concrete to form a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer. By reshaping the structure and changing the mechanical properties of the shallow bottom plate, the integrity is improved, and the support body composed of anchor rods and surrounding rock has stronger energy dissipation and absorption capabilities, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the shallow surrounding rock.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for protecting tunnel floor from rock bursts proposed in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Among them, it should be noted that the executor of the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor of this embodiment is the impact ground pressure protection device for the tunnel floor, which can be implemented by software and / or hardware. The device can be configured in an electronic device, and the electronic device can include but is not limited to a terminal, a server, etc. For example, the terminal can be a mobile phone, a handheld computer, etc.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, the rock burst protection method for the tunnel floor comprises:

[0058] S301: Determine a preset over-excavation area below the tunnel floor of the tunnel.

[0059] For the explanation of the same terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure and in the above embodiments, please refer to the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0060] S302: Setting a rock burst protection structure for the tunnel floor as described above based on a preset over-excavation area.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the preset over-excavation area, a deep anchor cable anchoring layer in the impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor may be set below the preset over-excavation area, and an energy reflecting layer, an energy absorbing buffer layer, and a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer in the impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor may be set inside the preset over-excavation area. The specific setting method can be found in the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0062] For example, the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor can be to over-excavate 3m from the bottom plate downwards, and set anchor cables at the bottom of the over-excavation space. The anchor cable specifications are 21.8mm in diameter and 3.2m in length, and a 1×19 strand of mining steel strand with a tensile strength of 1860MPa is used. The initial preload force of the anchor cable is set to 200kN. The spacing of the bottom plate anchor cables can be determined according to the width of the tunnel, for example, 1.5 to 2m. After the anchor cables are set, concrete piers are set at intervals at the bottom. The piers have a diameter of 200mm and a height of 100mm. The spacing between the piers is 200mm. After the concrete piers are set, a first rigid plate is laid on top of it. The first rigid plate can be a 100mm thick concrete precast plate. Above the first rigid plate, a second preset height energy-absorbing buffer layer is laid. The energy-absorbing buffer layer can be made of foam concrete. A second rigid plate is laid on top of the energy-absorbing buffer layer. The second rigid plate can be a 100mm thick precast concrete plate. Concrete is backfilled on top of the second rigid plate. The backfill height is the third preset height, which is at least 1.6m. After the concrete is finally set, anchor rods are set in the concrete. The anchor rod specifications are 20mm in diameter, 1.6m in length, and 500 steel grade left-handed non-longitudinal reinforcement threaded steel. The initial pre-tightening torque of the anchor rod is set to 350Nm. Finally, the roadway is leveled to ensure the use of pedestrians and material transportation.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a preset over-excavation area is determined below the tunnel floor of the tunnel, and an impact ground pressure protection structure as described above for the tunnel floor is set based on the preset over-excavation area. This can effectively prevent and control deformation and damage to the tunnel caused by impact ground pressure, and the method is highly operational.

[0064] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an impact ground pressure protection device for a tunnel floor proposed in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the rock impact protection device 40 for the tunnel floor comprises:

[0066] A determination module 401 is used to determine a preset over-break area below the tunnel floor of the tunnel;

[0067] The setting module 402 is used to set the rock burst protection structure for the tunnel floor as described above based on the preset over-excavation area.

[0068] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the rock burst protection method for the tunnel floor is also applicable to the rock burst protection device for the tunnel floor of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a preset over-excavation area is determined below the tunnel floor of the tunnel, and an impact ground pressure protection structure as described above for the tunnel floor is set based on the preset over-excavation area. This can effectively prevent and control deformation and damage to the tunnel caused by impact ground pressure, and the method is highly operational.

[0070] Figure 5 A block diagram of an exemplary electronic device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The electronic device shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, memory 28, and a bus 18 connecting different system components (including system memory 28 and processing unit 16).

[0072] The bus 18 represents one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor or a local bus using any of a variety of bus structures. For example, these architectures include but are not limited to Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, Enhanced ISA bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus and Peripheral Component Interconnection (PCI) bus.

[0073] Electronic devices typically include a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by the electronic device, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

[0074] The memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory 32. The electronic device may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, the storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media ( Figure 5 Not shown, often called a "hard drive").

[0075] although Figure 5 Not shown, a disk drive for reading and writing a removable non-volatile disk (e.g., a "floppy disk"), and an optical disk drive for reading and writing a removable non-volatile optical disk (e.g., a compact disc read only memory (Compact Disc Read Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc read only memory (Digital Video Disc Read Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: DVD-ROM) or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to the bus 18 via one or more data medium interfaces. The memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to perform the functions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0076] A program / utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in the memory 28, such program modules 42 including but not limited to an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment. The program modules 42 generally perform the functions and / or methods of the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

[0077] The electronic device may also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), may also communicate with one or more devices that enable the human body to interact with the electronic device, and / or communicate with any device that enables the electronic device to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.). Such communication may be performed through an input / output (I / O) interface 22. In addition, the electronic device may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or a public network, such as the Internet) through a network adapter 20. As shown in the figure, the network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of the electronic device through a bus 18. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0078] The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the programs stored in the system memory 28, such as implementing the rock burst protection method for the tunnel floor mentioned in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0079] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present disclosure also proposes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor proposed in the aforementioned embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0080] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present disclosure further proposes a computer program product. When the instruction processor in the computer program product is executed, the impact ground pressure protection method for the tunnel floor proposed in the above embodiments of the present disclosure is executed.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0082] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0083] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0084] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present disclosure belong.

[0085] It should be understood that the various parts of the present disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0086] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0087] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0088] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0089] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0090] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A rock burst protection structure for a tunnel floor, characterized in that: The structure is arranged in the area below the tunnel floor, and comprises: a deep anchor cable anchoring layer, an energy reflection layer, an energy absorption buffer layer, and a shallow anchor rod anchoring layer, wherein: The deep anchor cable anchoring layer is located below the preset over-excavation area of ​​the tunnel floor, and the deep anchor cable anchoring layer is obtained by setting anchor cables in the floor rock layer; The energy reflection layer is arranged above the deep anchor cable anchoring layer, and the energy reflection layer comprises: a plurality of concrete piers of a first preset height parallel to the tunnel floor, wherein each of the concrete piers is spaced apart by a first preset distance; The energy absorbing buffer layer is arranged above the energy reflecting layer, and the energy absorbing buffer layer is obtained by filling a porous ultra-light energy absorbing material with a second preset height above the energy reflecting layer; The shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is arranged above the energy absorbing buffer layer, and the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer is obtained by filling concrete with a third preset height above the energy absorbing buffer layer.

2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that Anchor rods of the third preset height are arranged in the concrete of the third preset height in a direction perpendicular to the tunnel floor.

3. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The impact ground pressure protection structure further includes: a first rigid plate and a second rigid plate, wherein: The first rigid plate is disposed between the energy reflecting layer and the energy absorbing buffer layer; The second rigid plate is arranged between the energy absorbing buffer layer and the shallow anchor bolt anchoring layer.

4. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The second preset height is determined based on the following method: Obtaining rock physical and mechanical parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock and ground stress data of the tunnel; The second preset height is determined according to the rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data.

5. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of determining the second preset height according to the rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data comprises: Inputting the rock physical and mechanical parameters and the ground stress data into a simulation model to determine the tunnel deformation information corresponding to different initial preset heights, wherein the tunnel deformation information is used to describe the deformation of the tunnel; When the lane deformation information indicates that the lane has not been deformed, determining a minimum initial preset height corresponding to the lane deformation information; The minimum initial preset height is determined as the second preset height.

6. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The third preset height is determined based on the following method: Determining the depth of the preset over-excavation area; determining a first difference between the depth and the first predetermined height; determining a third difference between the first difference and the second predetermined height; The third difference is determined as the third preset height.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The porous ultra-light energy-absorbing material is foam concrete.

8. A method for protecting tunnel floor from rock burst, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determine a preset overbreak area below the roadway floor of the roadway; Based on the preset over-excavation area, an impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is set.

9. A rock burst protection device for a tunnel floor, characterized in that: The device comprises: A determination module for determining a preset overbreak area below a roadway floor of the roadway; A setting module is used to set the impact ground pressure protection structure for the tunnel floor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 based on the preset over-excavation area.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so as to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of claim 8.

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