Flexible peak regulation power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of firepower peak shaving power stations, in particular to a flexible peak shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and a use method. A flexible peak regulation power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage comprises a combustion chamber; the expansion machine is in pipeline communication with the combustion chamber, and the expansion machine is suitable for being connected with a generator set; the gasification assembly comprises a gasification pipeline, and the gasification pipeline is suitable for inputting synthesis gas into the combustion chamber; the air compression assembly comprises a compression pipeline, and the compression pipeline is suitable for inputting oxygen into the combustion chamber; and the gas storage assembly comprises a gas storage pipeline, the gas storage pipeline penetrates through the combustion chamber, and the gas storage pipeline is suitable for inputting compressed carbon dioxide into the expansion machine. The invention provides a flexible peak regulation power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and a use method, and aims to solve the problem that a firepower peak regulation power station is narrow in regulation range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal peak-shaving power stations, and in particular to a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the existing coal-fired peak-shaving power stations, in order to adapt to the peak and trough periods of electricity consumption, it is necessary to adjust and transform the peak-shaving power stations. The main adjustment methods include unit load reduction operation, start-stop peak-shaving, low steam operation, and sliding parameter operation. Common peak-shaving transformations include boiler oil injection transformation, bypass steam transformation, low-pressure cylinder removal transformation, external electric boiler, and external heat storage tank. Deep peak-shaving of coal-fired power has problems such as difficulty in thermal-electric decoupling in three aspects: turbine, boiler and coordinated control, water erosion of the last-stage blades, poor boiler stable combustion performance, low inlet flue gas temperature of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification, poor hydrodynamic characteristics of direct current boilers, boiler ash accumulation, and poor coordinated control quality. In addition, during the process of load reduction operation, the coal consumption per kilowatt-hour of the coal-fired unit increases significantly, and the pollutant emission indicators continue to increase, resulting in a narrow adjustment range and poor environmental performance of thermal peak-shaving power stations. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and a method of use to solve the problem of narrow regulation range of thermal peak-shaving power stations.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage, comprising:

[0005] Combustion chamber;

[0006] An expander, the expander is in communication with a combustion chamber pipeline, and the expander is suitable for being connected to a generator set;

[0007] A gasification assembly, the gasification assembly comprising a gasification pipeline, the gasification pipeline being suitable for inputting synthesis gas into the combustion chamber;

[0008] An air compression assembly, the compression assembly comprising a compression pipeline, the compression pipeline being suitable for inputting oxygen into the combustion chamber;

[0009] A gas storage component, the gas storage component includes a gas storage pipeline, the gas storage pipeline is arranged through the combustion chamber, and the gas storage pipeline is suitable for inputting compressed carbon dioxide into the expander.

[0010] During peak electricity consumption, oxygen and synthesis gas burn in the combustion chamber to produce a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The mixture enters the expander to generate electricity. The compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline enters the combustion chamber to reduce the combustion temperature. After flowing out of the combustion chamber, it drives the expander to generate electricity, and the expander drives the generator set to generate electricity. Through the above process, the coupling of the gasification process and carbon dioxide storage is achieved, so that the two jointly drive the expander to drive the generator set to work and generate current. By coupling and adding carbon dioxide energy storage technology on the basis of the existing peak-shaving power station, the regulation range of the peak-shaving power station is expanded. In the whole process, the compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline is used to reduce the temperature of the combustion chamber, and the flue gas generated is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water. No new components will be introduced to dilute the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, realizing the maximum utilization of resources.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the gas storage assembly includes a carbon dioxide compressor and a high-pressure storage tank, the carbon dioxide compressor and the high-pressure storage tank are respectively arranged on the gas storage pipeline, and the high-pressure storage tank is arranged between the carbon dioxide compressor and the combustion chamber.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a waste heat boiler is further included, and the gas storage pipeline between the high-pressure storage tank and the combustion chamber passes through the waste heat boiler.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the gasification component further includes a gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace is connected to the gasification pipeline.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a recovery component, the recovery component includes a first cooling pipeline, the first cooling pipeline is connected to the expander and the waste heat boiler, and the first cooling pipeline is arranged through the gasifier.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a second cooling pipeline, wherein the second cooling pipeline is connected to the waste heat boiler and the low-pressure storage tank, and the low-pressure storage tank is connected to the carbon dioxide compressor.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a condensation separator, which is arranged on the second cooling pipeline and between the waste heat boiler and the low-pressure storage tank.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a water inlet pipeline, a water outlet pipeline and a supercritical water pipeline, the water inlet pipeline is connected to the waste heat boiler, and the supercritical water pipeline is connected to the waste heat boiler and the gasifier.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the air compression assembly includes an air separation unit and an oxygen compressor, the air separation unit and the oxygen compressor are respectively arranged on the compression pipeline, and the oxygen compressor is arranged between the air separation unit and the combustion chamber.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for using a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage. During peak electricity consumption, oxygen and synthesis gas are burned in the combustion chamber to produce a mixed working fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The mixed working fluid enters the expander to work and generate electricity. The compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline enters the combustion chamber to reduce the combustion temperature, and then flows out of the combustion chamber to drive the expander to work and generate electricity. The expander drives the generator set to generate electricity.

[0020] The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage provided in the present application has the following advantages: (1) Peak-shaving is achieved through carbon dioxide compression. During peak electricity consumption, the high-pressure carbon dioxide compressor is turned off and carbon dioxide is stored at low pressure without increasing the gas output of the gasifier, thereby reducing self-consumption and increasing system power output; (2) Carbon dioxide is used to reduce the combustion temperature, and the flue gas generated is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water. No new components are introduced to dilute the carbon dioxide in the flue gas. Carbon dioxide separation and carbon reduction can be achieved through condensation, protecting the turbine blades while achieving low-energy separation of carbon dioxide; (3) Heat is recovered through the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler produces supercritical water, which reduces the energy consumption of supercritical water, increases the production of syngas, and improves the working capacity in the expander, thereby improving Overall efficiency; (4) During the period of low electricity consumption, the carbon dioxide compressor uses a multi-stage compression and inter-stage cooling method to compress the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure storage tank to a high-pressure state until it is stored, so as to prepare compressed carbon dioxide for the next peak period; (5) During the entire process, no additional pollution is generated, the storage of carbon dioxide is achieved, and the waste heat of the system is used to increase the temperature of compressed carbon dioxide and prepare supercritical water, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption; (6) By starting and stopping the carbon dioxide compressor, the system's own power storage capacity is increased, and the operation regulation capability is improved; (7) By coupling the compressed carbon dioxide power generation and gasification power generation processes, compared with the traditional mechanical transformation of peak-shaving power stations, the regulation range of peak-shaving power stations is increased and the power generation efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. combustion chamber; 2. expansion machine; 3. gasification component; 301. gasification pipeline; 302. gasifier; 303. feed pipeline; 304. regulating valve; 4. air compression component; 401. compression pipeline; 402. air separation unit; 403. oxygen compressor; 404. air inlet; 5. gas storage component; 501. gas storage pipeline; 502. high-pressure storage tank; 503. carbon dioxide compressor; 6. recovery component; 601. first cooling pipeline; 602. waste heat boiler; 603. second cooling pipeline; 604. condensation separator; 605. low-pressure storage tank; 7. water inlet pipeline; 701. water inlet; 8. supercritical water pipeline; 9. water outlet pipeline; 10. external power supply line; 11. first internal power supply line; 12. second internal power supply line; 13. sealing pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Combine the following Figure 1 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage is provided, comprising: a combustion chamber 1; an expander 2, connected to the combustion chamber 1 by a pipeline, the expander 2 being suitable for connection to a generator set; a gasification component 3, comprising a gasification pipeline 301, the gasification pipeline 301 being suitable for inputting synthesis gas into the combustion chamber 1; an air compression component 4, comprising a compression pipeline 401, the compression pipeline 401 being suitable for inputting oxygen into the combustion chamber 1; a gas storage component 5, comprising a gas storage pipeline 501, the gas storage pipeline 501 being arranged through the combustion chamber 1, the gas storage pipeline 501 being suitable for inputting compressed carbon dioxide into the expander 2.

[0027] During the peak period of electricity consumption, oxygen and synthesis gas are burned in the combustion chamber 1 to produce a mixed working fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The mixed working fluid enters the expander 2 to generate electricity, and the compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline 501 enters the combustion chamber 1 to reduce the combustion temperature. After flowing out of the combustion chamber 1, it drives the expander 2 to generate electricity, and the expander 2 drives the generator set to generate electricity. Through the above process, the coupling of the gasification process and carbon dioxide storage is achieved, so that the two jointly drive the expander 2 to drive the generator set to work and generate current. By coupling and adding carbon dioxide energy storage technology on the basis of the existing peak-shaving power station, the regulation range of the peak-shaving power station is expanded. In the whole process, the compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline is used to reduce the temperature of the combustion chamber. The flue gas generated is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water. No new components will be introduced to dilute the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, realizing the maximum utilization of resources.

[0028] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the gas storage assembly 5 includes a carbon dioxide compressor 503 and a high-pressure storage tank 502 , the carbon dioxide compressor 503 and the high-pressure storage tank 502 are respectively arranged on the gas storage pipeline 501 , and the high-pressure storage tank 502 is arranged between the carbon dioxide compressor 503 and the combustion chamber 1 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide compressor 503 compresses the carbon dioxide, and the compressed carbon dioxide is stored in the high-pressure storage tank 502. When it is used, the compressed carbon dioxide in the high-pressure storage tank 502 is heated in the combustion chamber 1 through the gas storage pipeline 501 and then enters the expander 2.

[0030] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a waste heat boiler 602 is also included, and a gas storage pipeline 501 between the high-pressure storage tank 502 and the combustion chamber 1 is arranged through the waste heat boiler 602.

[0031] In this embodiment, the gas storage pipeline 501 is heated for the first time when passing through the waste heat boiler 602, and is heated for the second time when passing through the combustion chamber 1, so as to ensure that the temperature of the compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline 501 entering the expander 2 after being heated twice meets the design requirements. At the same time, the heat generated by the waste heat boiler 602 and the combustion chamber 1 during operation are used respectively in the two heating processes, thereby realizing efficient use of heat.

[0032] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the gasification assembly 3 further includes a gasifier 302, which is connected to the gasification pipeline 301, so that the synthesis gas generated by the gasifier 302 enters the combustion chamber 1 through the gasification pipeline 301. Figure 1As shown, the gasification assembly 3 further includes a feed pipeline 303, one end of which is connected to the gasifier 302, and the feed pipeline 303 provides materials to the gasifier 302. In the present application, the materials entering the gasifier 302 are solid fuels such as coke and semi-coke, which react with the gasifying agent under the normal temperature and high pressure or pressurized conditions of the gasifier 302 to be converted into synthesis gas and a small amount of residue. Figure 1 As shown, the gasification component 3 further includes a regulating valve 304 , which is disposed on the gasification pipeline 301 . The regulating valve 304 is located between the combustion chamber 1 and the gasifier 302 . The regulating valve 304 is used to regulate the flow rate of the synthesis gas passing through the gasification pipeline 301 .

[0033] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a recovery component 6, which includes a first cooling pipeline 601, the first cooling pipeline 601 is connected to the expander 2 and the waste heat boiler 602, and the first cooling pipeline 601 is set through the gasifier 302.

[0034] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide and water vapor after the work of the expander 2 are pushed through the gasifier 302 to provide heat for the gasifier 302, thereby realizing the first cooling of the high-temperature carbon dioxide and water vapor. The cooled carbon dioxide and water vapor enter the waste heat boiler 602 and perform heat exchange in the waste heat boiler 602.

[0035] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a second cooling pipeline 603, which is connected to the waste heat boiler 602 and the low-pressure storage tank 605, and the low-pressure storage tank 605 is connected to the carbon dioxide compressor 503.

[0036] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide and water vapor after heat exchange with the waste heat boiler 602 are further cooled and enter the low-pressure storage tank 605 through the second cooling pipeline 603. When the electricity consumption is low, the carbon dioxide compressor 503 is turned on to compress the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure storage tank 605 into the high-pressure storage tank 502, so as to realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.

[0037] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a condensation separator 604 , which is arranged on the second cooling pipeline 603 , and the condensation separator 604 is arranged between the waste heat boiler 602 and the low-pressure storage tank 605 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the condensation separator 604 separates carbon dioxide and water vapor, converting the water vapor into liquid water to be separated separately, thereby preventing the water vapor from entering the low-pressure storage tank 605 .

[0039] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown, it also includes an inlet pipe 7, an outlet pipe 9 and a supercritical water pipe 8. The inlet pipe 7 is connected to the waste heat boiler 602, and the supercritical water pipe 8 is connected to the waste heat boiler 602 and the gasifier 302, so that the water entering the inlet pipe 7 through the water inlet 701 is heated in the waste heat boiler 602, and a part of the water flow becomes supercritical water, and the supercritical water enters the gasifier 302 through the supercritical water pipe 8, and a part of the water flows out through the outlet pipe 9 and is used as other water flows such as heating water supply. It should be noted that the number of outlet pipes 9 is two. It should be noted that the condensation separator 604 is connected to the inlet pipe 7 to merge the water flow separated by the condensation separator 604 into the inlet pipe 7, so as to realize the recycling of the water flow. It should be noted that the gasification temperature of the supercritical water coal gasification in the gasifier 302 is about 650°C, and there is a potential for using power waste heat to provide heat for the gasification process. During the gasification process, nitrogen, sulfur, etc. remain in the solid ash in the form of inorganic salts, and the gasification product is synthesis gas, which mainly includes H2, CO2, CO, etc. and does not require further purification.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the air compression assembly 4 includes an air separation unit 402 and an oxygen compressor 403 . The air separation unit 402 and the oxygen compressor 403 are respectively arranged on the compression pipeline 401 , and the oxygen compressor 403 is arranged between the air separation unit 402 and the combustion chamber 1 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the air separation unit 402 separates the air entering through the air inlet 404 of the compression pipeline 401 to obtain oxygen, so that the separated oxygen enters the combustion chamber 1 after being compressed by the oxygen compressor 403 in the compression pipeline 401.

[0042] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, an external power supply line 10, a first internal power supply line 11 and a second internal power supply line 12, wherein the external power supply line 10 connects the generator set and the external transmission and substation, the first internal power supply line 11 connects the carbon dioxide compressor 503 and the generator set, and the second internal power supply line 12 connects the oxygen compressor 403 and the generator set.

[0043] A method for using a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage comprises the following steps:

[0044] 1) The gasifier 302 and the waste heat boiler 602 operate normally. The material enters the gasifier 302 from the feed pipeline 303. The material produces synthesis gas in the gasifier 302 and enters the combustion chamber 1 through the gasification pipeline 301. At the same time, air is sucked in from the air inlet 404 of the compression pipeline 401. The air separation unit 402 separates the oxygen in the air. The oxygen compressor 403 compresses the oxygen in the compression pipeline 401 and sends it to the combustion chamber 1. The oxygen and the synthesis gas are fully burned in the combustion chamber 1 to form carbon dioxide and water vapor. The carbon dioxide and water vapor obtained by the combustion push the expander 2 to perform mechanical movement in the expander 2, and the expander 2 drives the generator set to generate electricity;

[0045] 2) The carbon dioxide and water vapor discharged from the expander 2 enter the waste heat boiler 602 through the first cooling pipeline 601. Since the first cooling pipeline 601 passes through the gasifier 302, the carbon dioxide and water vapor provide heat for the gasifier 302 to achieve the first cooling. The carbon dioxide and water vapor after entering the waste heat boiler 602 provide heat for the waste heat boiler 602 to perform the second cooling. The carbon dioxide and water vapor after flowing out of the waste heat boiler 602 flow into the second cooling pipeline 603. The condensation separator 604 separates the water vapor from the carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide is stored in the low-pressure storage tank 605.

[0046] 3) The water inlet 701 of the water inlet pipeline 7 flows into the water, and the water separated by the condensation separator 604 flows into the water inlet pipeline 7 and enters the waste heat boiler 602. The water is heated by the waste heat boiler 602, and a part of the water becomes supercritical water. The supercritical water enters the gasifier 302 through the supercritical water pipeline 8, and a part of the water flows out through the water outlet pipeline 9 and is used as other water flows such as heating water supply; at the same time, the electricity generated by the generator set is transmitted to the external transmission and substation through the external power supply line 10, and provides current for the oxygen compressor 403 through the second internal power supply line 12;

[0047] 4) During the peak period of electricity consumption, the compressed carbon dioxide in the high-pressure storage tank 502 is heated twice through the waste heat boiler 602 and the combustion chamber 1 in the gas storage pipeline 501 and enters the expander 2. The carbon dioxide and water vapor obtained by combustion and the heated compressed carbon dioxide in the expander 2 push the expander 2 to perform mechanical movement, and the expander 2 drives the generator set to generate electricity at full load;

[0048] 5) During the period of low electricity consumption, the electricity generated by the generator set provides current to the carbon dioxide compressor 503 via the first internal power supply line 11. The carbon dioxide compressor 503 compresses the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure storage tank 605 to a high-pressure state by using a multi-stage compression and inter-stage cooling method. The high-pressure carbon dioxide is cooled and liquefied and then stored in the high-pressure storage tank 502 or sealed via the sealing pipeline 13.

[0049] It should be noted that valves are provided on the feed pipeline 303, gasification pipeline 301, compression pipeline 401, water inlet pipeline 7, water outlet pipeline 9, supercritical water pipeline 8 and other pipelines of the present application to control the opening and closing of the pipelines.

[0050] The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage provided in the present application has the following advantages: (1) Peak-shaving is achieved through carbon dioxide compression. During peak electricity consumption, the high-pressure carbon dioxide compressor is turned off and carbon dioxide is stored at low pressure without increasing the gas output of the gasifier 302, thereby reducing self-consumption and increasing system power output; (2) Carbon dioxide is used to reduce the combustion temperature, and the flue gas generated is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water. No new components are introduced to dilute the carbon dioxide in the flue gas. Carbon dioxide separation and carbon reduction can be achieved through condensation, protecting the turbine blades while achieving low-energy separation of carbon dioxide; (3) Heat is recovered through the waste heat boiler 602, and the waste heat boiler 602 produces supercritical water, which reduces the energy consumption of supercritical water, increases the synthesis gas output, and improves the working capacity in the expander 2, thereby improving Overall efficiency; (4) During the low electricity consumption period, the carbon dioxide compressor 503 uses a multi-stage compression and inter-stage cooling method to compress the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure storage tank 605 to a high-pressure state until it is stored, so as to prepare compressed carbon dioxide for the next peak period; (5) During the entire process, no additional pollution is generated, the storage of carbon dioxide is achieved, and the waste heat of the system is used to increase the temperature of compressed carbon dioxide and prepare supercritical water, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption; (6) By starting and stopping the carbon dioxide compressor 503, the system's own power storage capacity is increased, and the operation regulation capability is improved; (7) By coupling the compressed carbon dioxide power generation and gasification power generation processes, compared with the traditional mechanical transformation of the peak-shaving power station, the regulation range of the peak-shaving power station is increased and the power generation efficiency is improved.

[0051] As an alternative implementation, the number of the water outlet pipes 9 is 1, 3, 4 or even more, so that designers can set them according to the actual situation on site.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage, characterized in that: include: Combustion chamber (1); An expander (2), the expander (2) being in pipeline communication with the combustion chamber (1), and the expander (2) being suitable for being connected to a generator set; A gasification component (3), the gasification component (3) comprising a gasification pipeline (301), the gasification pipeline (301) being suitable for inputting synthesis gas into the combustion chamber (1); An air compression assembly (4), the compression assembly comprising a compression pipeline (401), the compression pipeline (401) being suitable for inputting oxygen into the combustion chamber (1); A gas storage component (5), the gas storage component (5) comprising a gas storage pipeline (501), the gas storage pipeline (501) being arranged through the combustion chamber (1), and the gas storage pipeline (501) being suitable for inputting compressed carbon dioxide into the expander (2).

2. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas storage assembly (5) comprises a carbon dioxide compressor (503) and a high-pressure storage tank (502), wherein the carbon dioxide compressor (503) and the high-pressure storage tank (502) are respectively arranged on a gas storage pipeline (501), and the high-pressure storage tank (502) is arranged between the carbon dioxide compressor (503) and the combustion chamber (1).

3. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat boiler (602), and the gas storage pipeline (501) between the high-pressure storage tank (502) and the combustion chamber (1) is arranged through the waste heat boiler (602).

4. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gasification component (3) further comprises a gasification furnace (302), and the gasification furnace (302) is in communication with the gasification pipeline (301).

5. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a recovery component (6), the recovery component (6) includes a first cooling pipeline (601), the first cooling pipeline (601) is connected to the expander (2) and the waste heat boiler (602), and the first cooling pipeline (601) is set through the gasification furnace (302).

6. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second cooling pipeline (603), wherein the second cooling pipeline (603) is connected to the waste heat boiler (602) and the low-pressure storage tank (605), and the low-pressure storage tank (605) is connected to the carbon dioxide compressor (503).

7. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a condensation separator (604), wherein the condensation separator (604) is arranged on the second cooling pipeline (603), and the condensation separator (604) is arranged between the waste heat boiler (602) and the low-pressure storage tank (605).

8. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a water inlet pipeline (7), a water outlet pipeline (9) and a supercritical water pipeline (8), wherein the water inlet pipeline (7) is connected to the waste heat boiler (602), and the supercritical water pipeline (8) is connected to the waste heat boiler (602) and the gasifier (302).

9. The flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compression assembly (4) comprises an air separation unit (402) and an oxygen compressor (403), wherein the air separation unit (402) and the oxygen compressor (403) are respectively arranged on a compression pipeline (401), and the oxygen compressor (403) is arranged between the air separation unit (402) and the combustion chamber (1).

10. A method for using a flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage, used for using the flexible peak-shaving power station coupled with compressed carbon dioxide energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: During peak electricity consumption, oxygen and synthesis gas are burned in the combustion chamber (1) to generate a mixed working fluid of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The mixed working fluid enters the expander (2) to generate power. The compressed carbon dioxide in the gas storage pipeline (501) enters the combustion chamber (1) to reduce the combustion temperature. After flowing out of the combustion chamber (1), it drives the expander (2) to generate power. The expander (2) drives the generator set to generate power.

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