Wind driven generator and method for reducing load of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention provides a wind driven generator and a method for reducing the load of the wind driven generator. The wind driven generator comprises a plurality of floating body stand columns, the floating body stand columns are arranged on the horizontal plane at intervals and connected together, water storage cavities are formed in the floating body stand columns, ballast water is contained in the water storage cavities, and stators are arranged on the floating body stand columns; the tower frame is rotatably arranged on the floating body stand column in a penetrating mode through a bearing, the bearing is located on the top of the floating body stand column, the bottom of the tower frame extends into the water storage cavity, a first preset distance exists between the bottom face of the tower frame and the cavity bottom of the water storage cavity, and a motor rotor matched with the stator is arranged on the tower frame; the blades are arranged on the tower, and a second preset distance is formed between the blades and the top face of the floating body stand column. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a bearing on a tower forming a vertical shaft bears large loads, and excessive abrasion is caused is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a wind turbine generator and a method for reducing the load of the wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) in the field of wind power technology have some significant advantages over horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT), which make them more promising in some aspects. The following are the main advantages of vertical axis wind turbines:

[0003] Simple structure: Vertical axis wind turbines do not require additional yaw devices to adjust the relative position of the wind turbine and wind direction, which simplifies the overall structure.

[0004] Easy to install and maintain: Large equipment such as the gearbox and generator of the vertical axis wind turbine are installed close to the ground (or sea surface), which makes the installation and subsequent maintenance of the equipment more convenient.

[0005] Low manufacturing difficulty: Compared with horizontal axis wind turbines, the manufacturing difficulty of vertical axis wind turbine blades is significantly lower. These advantages make vertical axis wind turbines have the potential to achieve lower unit power generation costs than horizontal axis wind turbines. In particular, the low center of gravity characteristics of vertical axis wind turbines give them better stability in floating designs than horizontal axis floating wind turbines, which can effectively reduce the cost of the floating body.

[0006] However, vertical axis fans still face some challenges, which limit their large-scale development:

[0007] Low wind energy utilization rate: Compared with horizontal axis wind turbines, vertical axis wind turbines have lower wind energy utilization rate. High tower fatigue damage: Due to its structural characteristics, the tower of vertical axis wind turbines is more susceptible to fatigue damage. High maintenance cost: The maintenance cost of vertical axis wind turbines is relatively high.

[0008] Moreover, a more serious problem is that due to the weight of the transmission chain and the floating column, the bearings on the tower forming the vertical axis are subjected to heavy loads, resulting in excessive wear. Summary of the invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine and a method for reducing the load of the wind turbine, so as to solve the problem in the related art that the bearings on the tower forming the vertical axis are subjected to a large load, resulting in excessive wear.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind turbine, comprising: a plurality of floating columns, the plurality of floating columns are arranged at intervals on a horizontal plane and connected together, a water storage chamber is arranged inside the floating columns, ballast water is contained in the water storage chamber, and a stator is arranged on the floating columns; a tower, the tower is rotatably passed through the floating columns through bearings, the bearings are located on the top of the floating columns, the bottom of the tower extends into the water storage chamber, and a first preset distance is formed between the bottom surface of the tower and the bottom of the water storage chamber, and a motor rotor cooperating with the stator is arranged on the tower; and blades are arranged on the tower and have a second preset distance from the top surface of the floating columns.

[0011] Furthermore, an installation cavity connected to the water storage cavity is also provided inside the floating column. The installation cavity is located above the water storage cavity. A lifting plate is movably provided on the side wall of the tower. The lifting plate moves in the installation cavity and / or the water storage cavity along the axial direction of the tower to adjust the position.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind turbine also includes a winch arranged on the tower and located in the installation cavity, and the top of the lifting plate is connected to the cable of the winch.

[0013] Furthermore, a slideway for the lifting plate to move is arranged on the side wall of the tower.

[0014] Furthermore, a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate which are arranged opposite to each other are arranged on the side wall of the tower, and both the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate extend along the axis of the tower, and a slideway is formed between the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide flange and a plurality of guide grooves are provided between the side wall of the slide and the lifting plate. The plurality of guide grooves are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tower frame. The guide flange is in guiding cooperation with at least one of the plurality of guide grooves.

[0016] Furthermore, the projections of the plurality of floating columns on the horizontal plane form a rhombus, there are two towers, the two towers are located on the two floating columns that are farthest apart, and there are two blades, the two blades are connected to the two towers in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0017] Furthermore, each blade includes two vertical blades and two transverse blades, the two vertical blades are spaced apart from the corresponding tower, each transverse blade is passed through the tower, and both ends of each transverse blade are respectively connected to the two vertical blades, wherein each vertical blade and each transverse blade are inclined.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for reducing the load of a wind turbine is provided, which is used to reduce the load of the above-mentioned wind turbine. The floating column has a shell, and the shell has a water storage chamber. The method for reducing the load of the wind turbine includes the following steps: adding ballast water into the shell; when it is determined that the real-time liquid level of the ballast water is equal to the preset liquid level, vertically inserting the bottom of the tower of the wind turbine into the ballast water in the shell.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of determining when the real-time liquid level of the ballast water is equal to the preset liquid level comprises: obtaining the real-time liquid level of the ballast water in the shell; when determining that the real-time liquid level is equal to the preset liquid level, stopping adding ballast water into the shell; when determining that the real-time liquid level is less than the preset liquid level, continuing adding ballast water into the shell to make the real-time liquid level equal to the preset liquid level.

[0020] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a wind turbine includes: a plurality of floating columns, a tower and blades. The plurality of floating columns are arranged at intervals on a horizontal plane and connected together. A water storage cavity is arranged inside the floating column, and ballast water is contained in the water storage cavity. A stator is arranged on the floating column. The tower is rotatably arranged on the floating column through a bearing, and the bearing is located at the top of the floating column. The bottom of the tower extends into the water storage cavity, and there is a first preset distance between the bottom surface of the tower and the bottom of the water storage cavity. The tower is provided with a motor rotor that cooperates with the stator. The blades are arranged on the tower, and there is a second preset distance between the blades and the top surface of the floating column. In this way, since the bottom of the tower extends into the water storage cavity, there is a first preset distance between the bottom surface of the tower and the bottom of the water storage cavity. The tower is suspended by the buoyancy provided by the ballast water to offset the gravity, which can reduce the pressure on the bearing, avoid excessive wear, and improve the service life of the bearing. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem in the related art that the bearings on the tower forming the vertical axis are subjected to heavy loads, resulting in excessive wear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a wind turbine according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a main view of a wind turbine;

[0024] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a floating column of a wind turbine; and

[0025] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 A schematic side view of a tower and a lifting plate of a wind turbine.

[0026] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Floating column; 11. Stator; 12. Water storage chamber; 121. Ballast water; 13. Installation chamber; 14. Shell; 15. Installation plate; 16. Connecting rod;

[0028] 20. tower; 21. slideway; 22. first limit plate; 23. second limit plate;

[0029] 30, leaf blade; 31, vertical leaf; 32, horizontal leaf;

[0030] 40. Bearings;

[0031] 51. Lifting platform; 52. Winch; 53. Cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present application provides a wind turbine, and an embodiment of the wind turbine includes: a plurality of floating columns 10, a tower 20, and blades 30. The plurality of floating columns 10 are arranged at intervals on a horizontal plane and connected together. A water storage chamber 12 is arranged inside the floating column 10, and ballast water 121 is contained in the water storage chamber 12. A stator 11 is arranged on the floating column 10. The tower 20 is rotatably arranged on the floating column 10 through a bearing 40, and the bearing 40 is located at the top of the floating column 10. The bottom of the tower 20 extends into the water storage chamber 12, and there is a first preset distance between the bottom surface of the tower 20 and the bottom of the water storage chamber 12. The tower 20 is provided with a motor rotor that cooperates with the stator 11. The blade 30 is arranged on the tower 20, and there is a second preset distance between the blade 30 and the top surface of the floating column 10. The tower 20 is preferably a vertical axis.

[0036] The technical solution of the embodiment of the wind turbine is applied, and the wind turbine includes: a plurality of floating columns 10, a tower 20 and blades 30. The plurality of floating columns 10 are arranged at intervals on the horizontal plane and connected together. A water storage chamber 12 is arranged inside the floating column 10, and ballast water 121 is contained in the water storage chamber 12. A stator 11 is arranged on the floating column 10. The tower 20 is rotatably arranged on the floating column 10 through a bearing 40, and the bearing 40 is located at the top of the floating column 10. The bottom of the tower 20 extends into the water storage chamber 12, and there is a first preset distance between the bottom surface of the tower 20 and the bottom of the water storage chamber 12. The tower 20 is provided with a motor rotor matched with the stator 11. The blade 30 is arranged on the tower 20, and there is a second preset distance between the blade 30 and the top surface of the floating column 10. In this way, since the bottom of the tower 20 extends into the water storage chamber 12, there is a first preset distance between the bottom surface of the tower 20 and the bottom of the water storage chamber 12, and the tower 20 is suspended by the buoyancy provided by the ballast water 121 to offset the gravity, which can reduce the pressure on the bearing 40, avoid excessive wear, and increase the service life of the bearing 40. Therefore, the technical solution of the embodiment of the wind turbine effectively solves the problem in the related art that the bearing on the tower forming the vertical axis is subjected to a large load, resulting in excessive wear.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the interior of the floating column 10 is also provided with an installation cavity 13 connected with the water storage cavity 12, and the installation cavity 13 is located above the water storage cavity 12, and a lifting plate 51 is movably provided on the side wall of the tower 20. The lifting plate 51 moves in the installation cavity 13 and / or the water storage cavity 12 along the axial direction of the tower 20 to adjust the position. The installation cavity 13 provided inside the floating column 10 is connected with the water storage cavity 12, and the buoyancy of the tower 20 is dynamically adjusted by installing a movable lifting plate 51 on the side wall of the tower 20. When the wind speed increases and the force on the tower 20 increases, the lifting plate 51 can be moved into the water storage cavity 12, and the speed of the tower 20 during rotation is effectively reduced by utilizing the resistance of the ballast water 121, thereby reducing the load on the bearing 40, avoiding excessive wear, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the wind turbine further includes a winch 52 disposed on the tower 20 and located in the installation cavity 13, and the top of the lifting plate 51 is connected to the cable 53 of the winch 52. The winch 52 is connected to the cable 53 of the lifting plate 51, providing a driving source for adjusting the position of the lifting plate 51. This design ensures that under different wind speed conditions, the lifting plate 51 can respond quickly and adjust to a preset position, reducing the impact on the wind turbine caused by sudden changes in wind speed, and enhancing the stability and safety of the wind turbine.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a slideway 21 for moving the lifting plate 51 is provided on the side wall of the tower 20. The slideway 21 provided on the side wall of the tower 20 provides precise guidance for the vertical movement of the lifting plate 51, reduces friction and resistance during the movement, improves the efficiency and stability of the operation of the lifting plate 51, and further ensures the normal operation of the wind turbine under various conditions.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the side wall of the tower 20 is provided with a first limit plate 22 and a second limit plate 23 which are arranged opposite to each other. The first limit plate 22 and the second limit plate 23 both extend along the axis of the tower 20, and a slideway 21 is formed between the first limit plate 22 and the second limit plate 23. The provision of the first limit plate 22 and the second limit plate 23 forms a physical restriction on the moving range of the lifting plate 51, thereby preventing the lifting plate 51 from moving beyond the safe range due to operational errors or changes in external conditions, thereby ensuring the integrity and safety of the wind turbine and reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a guide flange and a plurality of guide grooves are provided between the side wall of the slideway 21 and the lifting plate 51. The plurality of guide grooves are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tower 20, and the guide flange is in guiding cooperation with at least one of the plurality of guide grooves. The cooperation between the guide groove and the guide flange ensures the accurate alignment of the lifting plate 51 in the slideway, reduces the lateral vibration and noise during the operation of the wind turbine, improves the operating efficiency and environmental adaptability of the wind turbine, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0042] The guide flange has a convex arc surface, and the guide groove has a concave arc surface that cooperates with the convex arc surface for guidance.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the projections of the plurality of floating columns 10 on the horizontal plane form a rhombus, there are two towers 20, the two towers 20 are located on the two floating columns 10 that are farthest apart, there are two blades 30, and the two blades 30 are connected to the two towers 20 one by one. The rhombus-shaped floating columns 10 and the double towers 20 configuration not only optimize the spatial layout of the wind turbine, improve the wind resistance and stability of the overall structure of the wind turbine, but also effectively neutralize the torsion generated during the rotation process through the difference in the rotation direction of the blades 30 on the two towers 20, reduce the impact on the floating columns 10, and improve the power generation efficiency. The plurality of floating columns 10 are connected together by a plurality of connecting rods 16.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, each blade 30 includes two vertical blades 31 and two horizontal blades 32, the two vertical blades 31 are spaced apart from the corresponding tower 20, each horizontal blade 32 is inserted through the tower 20, and the two ends of each horizontal blade 32 are respectively connected to the two vertical blades 31, wherein each vertical blade 31 and each horizontal blade 32 are arranged obliquely. The inclined arrangement of each vertical blade 31 and each horizontal blade 32 increases the wind energy capture area, while reducing the vertical impact of wind on the blade 30, improving the wind power conversion efficiency, reducing the risk of damage to the blade 30 at extreme wind speeds, and enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the wind turbine.

[0045] The floating column 10 has a shell 14, the shell 14 has a water storage chamber 12, and the floating column 10 also has a mounting plate 15 connected to the top of the shell 14. The mounting plates 15 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the shell 14. There are two bearings 40, each of which is arranged on a mounting plate 15. By distributing the bearings 40 on the two mounting plates 15 instead of concentrating them on one point, the load on the bearings 40 when the tower 20 rotates can be distributed more evenly. This avoids excessive force on a single point, prolongs the service life of the bearing, and reduces vibration and noise during the rotation of the tower. The two mounting plates 15 arranged at intervals provide additional support points and enhance the stability of the entire structure. Even in harsh marine environments, this design can ensure the balance of the tower 20 when it rotates, reduce the possibility of the equipment being affected by wind and waves, and improve the reliability of the overall system. Each bearing 40 is independently arranged on a different mounting plate 15, which reduces the friction coefficient when the tower 20 rotates. This distribution design reduces friction heat during rotation, reduces thermal damage to the bearings, and further improves the life of the bearings and the efficiency of the entire system. The two bearings 40 are designed so that when one of the bearings is maintained or replaced, it can be operated separately without affecting the structure of the other side. This not only simplifies the maintenance process, but also reduces maintenance costs and downtime, and improves the maintainability and economy of the equipment. The floating column and the tower are connected by two bearings, and the relative movement up and down is restricted.

[0046] When the blades 30 are working within the normal working wind speed range, the lifting plate 51 is located in the installation cavity 13 above the water surface of the ballast water 121; when the wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the blades 30, the lifting plate 51 is lowered into the water storage cavity 12 into the ballast water 121, and rotates together with the tower 20. The resistance brought by the water reduces the speed of the wind turbine fan, which can protect the wind turbine fan from damage due to excessive speed. The depth of the lifting plate 51 entering the water can be dynamically adjusted according to the speed of the blades 30, thereby adjusting the size of the water resistance on the lifting plate. The higher the speed, the more the lifting plate 51 enters the ballast water 121, until it is completely submerged in the ballast water 121. In addition to protecting the wind turbine fan from working at high wind speeds, this set of wind turbines can also reduce the downtime of the unit when emergency shutdown is required.

[0047] Figure 1 A wind turbine design of the present application is shown, which focuses on reducing the load of the wind turbine and improving efficiency and service life through the special structural design of the floating column and the tower. In the figure, multiple floating columns 10 can be seen, which are evenly spaced and interconnected on the horizontal plane to form a stable platform. Each floating column 10 is equipped with a water storage chamber 12, and the water storage chamber 12 is filled with ballast water 121. This design is intended to support the weight of the tower 20 through the buoyancy of water, thereby reducing the burden on the bearing 40. A stator 11 is provided on the top of the floating column 10, and the tower 20 passes through the floating column 10, and its bottom extends into the water storage chamber 12, but maintains a first preset distance from the bottom of the chamber to ensure that the tower 20 can be suspended by the buoyancy, thereby reducing the pressure on the top bearing 40. A motor rotor is installed on the tower 20, which works in conjunction with the stator 11 to generate electrical energy. The blades 30 are mounted on the tower 20 and maintain a second preset distance from the top surface of the floating column 10. The design of this distance takes into account the swing range of the blades under the action of wind, avoids collision with the floating column 10, and ensures safe operation.

[0048] Figure 2 and Figure 3The complex structure inside the floating column 10 is further revealed. In addition to the water storage chamber 12, the floating column 10 is also provided with an installation chamber 13 located above the water storage chamber 12. A movable lifting plate 51 is installed on the side wall of the tower 20, which can move inside the installation chamber 13 and / or the water storage chamber 12 along the axial direction of the tower 20 to perform precise position adjustment. Through this design, the wind turbine can flexibly adjust the height of the tower 20 and the blades 30 when facing different wind speeds and wind directions to optimize the wind energy collection efficiency. The lifting plate 51 is connected to the cable 53 of the winch 52, which is placed on the tower 20 and located in the installation chamber 13. This connection method makes the movement of the lifting plate 51 more stable and controllable. A slide 21 is also provided on the side wall of the tower 20 to provide guidance and support for the movement of the lifting plate 51, ensuring its stable movement in the vertical direction.

[0049] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The combined structure of the floating column 10 and the tower 20, as well as the installation method of the blade 30 are shown. On the horizontal plane, the projection of multiple floating columns 10 forms a diamond layout, which helps to maintain the stability of the structure under different wind directions. There are two towers 20, which are respectively located on the two floating columns 10 farthest apart in the diamond layout. This design enables the wind turbine to withstand wind force more evenly and reduce the deflection and vibration of the structure. Two blades 30 are connected to each tower 20, and a total of four blades 30 are symmetrically distributed. Each blade 30 is composed of two vertical blades 31 and two horizontal blades 32. The vertical blades 31 are kept at a certain interval with the corresponding tower 20, and the horizontal blades 32 are inserted into the tower 20, and their two ends are respectively connected to the two vertical blades 31 to form a stable blade structure. It is worth noting that each vertical blade 31 and horizontal blade 32 are tilted. This design takes into account the change of wind direction, so that the blades 30 can effectively capture wind energy in different wind directions and improve the efficiency of wind power generation.

[0050] Figure 3It is described in detail how to reduce the load of the wind turbine by adjusting the liquid level of the ballast water 121. This process involves precise control of the liquid level of the ballast water 121 in the shell 14 of the floating column 10. First, a certain amount of ballast water 121 needs to be added to the shell 14. Then, by real-time monitoring of the water level in the water storage chamber 12, it is determined whether the real-time liquid level of the ballast water 121 is equal to the preset liquid level. If the real-time liquid level is equal to the preset liquid level, the bottom of the tower 20 of the wind turbine is vertically inserted into the ballast water 121 in the shell 14, and the buoyancy of the water is used to balance the weight of the tower 20, thereby reducing the bearing pressure of the bearing 40, avoiding excessive wear and extending the service life. If the real-time liquid level is less than the preset liquid level, the system will continue to add ballast water 121 to the shell 14 until the real-time liquid level reaches the preset liquid level. This control process requires precise liquid level monitoring and water level adjustment mechanisms to ensure that the floating column 10 can remain stable under various load conditions while ensuring the normal operation of the tower 20 and the blades 30.

[0051] Figure 4 The details of the side wall structure of the tower 20 are shown. It can be seen that not only the slide 21 is set on the side wall of the tower 20, but also the first limit plate 22 and the second limit plate 23 are installed, which are arranged relatively and extend along the axis direction of the tower 20. The slide 21 is formed between the first limit plate 22 and the second limit plate 23 to guide the movement of the lifting plate 51 and limit its movement range to prevent structural damage caused by excessive movement. The side wall of the slide 21 and the lifting plate 51 are guided by the cooperation of the guide flange and a plurality of guide grooves. These guide grooves are spaced along the axis direction of the tower 20 to ensure that the lifting plate 51 moves smoothly in the vertical direction. The guide flange cooperates with at least one guide in the guide groove. This design not only improves the accuracy of the movement of the lifting plate 51, but also ensures its stability during the adjustment process and avoids unnecessary shaking and vibration.

[0052] In summary Figures 1 to 4According to the description, the wind turbine design of the present application realizes the effective reduction of the load of the wind turbine and improves its operating efficiency and stability through the unique combination of the floating column 10, the tower 20 and the blades 30, as well as the precise control of the liquid level of the ballast water 121. By arranging a movable lifting plate 51 and a winch 52 on the tower 20, the wind turbine can flexibly respond to different wind speeds and wind directions, ensuring that the blades 30 are always in the optimal wind energy collection position. In addition, by vertically inserting the bottom of the tower 20 into the ballast water 121 containing a preset liquid level, the buoyancy of the water is used to balance the weight of the tower 20, which significantly reduces the burden on the top bearing 40 and avoids its excessive wear, thereby extending the service life of the wind turbine. This innovative design not only solves the problem of excessive load on the wind turbine bearing in the prior art, but also improves the power generation efficiency and the safety of the overall structure, demonstrating its great potential and application value in the field of wind power generation.

[0053] The present application also provides a method for reducing the load of a wind turbine, which is used to reduce the load of the above-mentioned wind turbine. The floating column 10 has a shell 14, and the shell 14 has a water storage chamber 12. The method for reducing the load of the wind turbine includes the following steps: adding ballast water 121 into the shell 14; when it is determined that the real-time liquid level of the ballast water 121 is equal to the preset liquid level, vertically inserting the bottom of the tower 20 of the wind turbine into the ballast water 121 in the shell 14. Since the above-mentioned wind turbine can solve the problem of excessive wear caused by the large load on the bearings on the tower forming the vertical axis in the related art, in the method for reducing the load of the wind turbine, by adding ballast water 121 to the preset liquid level in the shell 14, it is ensured that the bottom of the tower 20 is in the best buoyancy state, the load distribution of the wind turbine under different wind speed conditions is balanced, the wear risk of the bearing 40 is reduced, and the stability and efficiency of the operation of the wind turbine are improved.

[0054] Furthermore, the step of determining whether the real-time liquid level of the ballast water 121 is equal to the preset liquid level includes: obtaining the real-time liquid level of the ballast water 121 in the shell 14; when determining that the real-time liquid level is equal to the preset liquid level, stopping adding the ballast water 121 into the shell 14; when determining that the real-time liquid level is less than the preset liquid level, continuing to add the ballast water 121 into the shell 14 so that the real-time liquid level is equal to the preset liquid level. By precisely controlling the liquid level of the ballast water 121, the optimal buoyancy state of the tower 20 in the water is maintained, avoiding the imbalance or performance degradation of the wind turbine caused by water level changes. This mechanism enhances the adaptability of the wind turbine to environmental changes and improves the safety and reliability of operation.

[0055] The housing 14 is provided with a level gauge and a controller. The level gauge is connected to the controller. The level gauge can detect the liquid level of the ballast water 121 to obtain the real-time liquid level. The controller stores a preset liquid level to determine whether the real-time liquid level of the ballast water 121 is equal to the preset liquid level. The winch is connected to the controller, and the controller controls the rotation of the winch.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0057] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0058] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine, characterized in that: include: A plurality of floating columns (10), wherein the plurality of floating columns (10) are arranged at intervals on a horizontal plane and connected together, wherein a water storage cavity (12) is arranged inside the floating column (10), wherein ballast water (121) is contained in the water storage cavity (12), and a stator (11) is arranged on the floating column (10); A tower (20), the tower (20) being rotatably mounted on the floating column (10) via a bearing (40), the bearing (40) being located at the top of the floating column (10), the bottom of the tower (20) extending into the water storage chamber (12), and a first preset distance being provided between the bottom surface of the tower (20) and the bottom of the water storage chamber (12), and the tower (20) being provided with a motor rotor cooperating with the stator (11); The blade (30) is arranged on the tower (20) and has a second preset distance from the top surface of the floating column (10).

2. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the floating column (10) is also provided with an installation cavity (13) which is connected with the water storage cavity (12); the installation cavity (13) is located above the water storage cavity (12); a lifting plate (51) is movably provided on the side wall of the tower (20); the lifting plate (51) moves in the installation cavity (13) and / or the water storage cavity (12) along the axial direction of the tower (20) to adjust the position.

3. The wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wind turbine further comprises a hoist (52) arranged on the tower (20) and located in the installation cavity (13), and the top of the lifting plate (51) is connected to a cable (53) of the hoist (52).

4. The wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slideway (21) for the lifting plate (51) to move is arranged on the side wall of the tower (20).

5. The wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first limiting plate (22) and a second limiting plate (23) are arranged opposite to each other on the side wall of the tower (20); the first limiting plate (22) and the second limiting plate (23) both extend along the axis of the tower (20); and the slideway (21) is formed between the first limiting plate (22) and the second limiting plate (23).

6. The wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide flange and a plurality of guide grooves are provided between the side wall of the slideway (21) and the lifting plate (51), the plurality of guide grooves being arranged at intervals along the axis of the tower (20), and the guide flange being in guiding cooperation with at least one of the plurality of guide grooves.

7. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projections of the plurality of floating columns (10) on the horizontal plane form a rhombus, there are two towers (20), the two towers (20) are located on the two floating columns (10) that are farthest apart, there are two blades (30), the two blades (30) are connected to the two towers (20) in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the blades (30) comprises two vertical blades (31) and two horizontal blades (32), the two vertical blades (31) are spaced apart from the corresponding tower (20), each horizontal blade (32) is passed through the tower (20), and both ends of each horizontal blade (32) are respectively connected to the two vertical blades (31), wherein each vertical blade (31) and each horizontal blade (32) are inclined.

9. A method for reducing the load of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that: Used to reduce the load of the wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the floating column (10) has a shell (14), the shell (14) has the water storage chamber (12), and the method for reducing the load of the wind turbine comprises the following steps: Adding ballast water (121) into the housing (14); When it is determined that the real-time liquid level of the ballast water (121) is equal to the preset liquid level, the bottom of the tower (20) of the wind turbine is vertically inserted into the ballast water (121) in the housing (14).

10. The method for reducing the load of a wind turbine generator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of determining whether the real-time liquid level of the ballast water (121) is equal to the preset liquid level comprises: Acquiring the real-time liquid level of the ballast water (121) in the housing (14); When it is determined that the real-time liquid level is equal to the preset liquid level, adding ballast water (121) into the housing (14) is stopped; When it is determined that the real-time liquid level is less than the preset liquid level, ballast water (121) continues to be added into the housing (14) to make the real-time liquid level equal to the preset liquid level.

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