Iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference

Abstract

The invention discloses an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference, and the sensor is characterized in that a slope displacement conversion mechanism is connected with a to-be-monitored iron tower rod piece, and the displacement of the to-be-monitored iron tower rod piece is converted into the axial movement of the slope displacement conversion mechanism; and the light wave signal regulator is mounted on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal regulator to generate radial movement. The light wave signal regulator transmits the light wave emitted by the first light wave focusing module to the second light wave focusing module; the other end of the second light wave focusing module is connected with a light wave intensity monitor through an emergent light conduction unit; and the light wave intensity monitor displays the light wave signal intensity output by the second light wave focusing module. Displacement monitoring is carried out based on the characteristic that the light wave signal is not easily influenced by an electromagnetic field, so that the micro-displacement sensor has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and the reliability and accuracy of data in a high-voltage environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of micro-displacement monitoring, and more specifically to an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference. Background Art

[0002] In the field of smart grid, the structural safety of transmission towers is of vital importance, and its monitoring work cannot be ignored. Transmission towers are usually installed in areas with complex terrain and frequent extreme climates such as mountains and highlands. These environmental conditions make the towers susceptible to external factors, resulting in structural tilt, fracture of key rods or loosening of load-bearing components, thus putting the transmission towers in a potentially dangerous state.

[0003] In order to ensure the safe operation of transmission towers, the tiny displacements of key poles of transmission towers must be continuously monitored to prevent irreparable structural damage caused by external forces in extreme climates. By monitoring the tiny displacement changes of key poles, early warnings can be issued before damage occurs, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the tower and ensuring the reliability of the transmission line.

[0004] At present, Hall displacement sensors and eddy current displacement sensors are commonly used to monitor the displacement changes of tower rods. However, these displacement sensors are easily affected by environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc.). For example: in the transmission tower environment, electromagnetic interference is a factor that cannot be ignored. Hall displacement sensors and eddy current displacement sensors are sensitive to magnetic fields and are easily disturbed by external magnetic fields. Magnetic field interference may cause fluctuations or distortions in the sensor output signal, thereby affecting the accuracy of displacement measurement. Therefore, the displacement sensors currently used to monitor the displacement changes of tower rods are sensitive to environmental interference and have low displacement measurement accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference, which is used to solve the problem that the existing displacement sensors used for iron tower rods are sensitive to environmental interference and have low displacement measurement accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the proposed solution is as follows:

[0007] An iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference, comprising: a light wave signal transmitter, an incident light transmission unit, a first light wave focusing module, a second light wave focusing module, an outgoing light transmission unit, an inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, a light wave signal regulator and a light wave intensity monitor;

[0008] The light wave signal transmitter is connected to the first light wave focusing module via the incident light conduction unit;

[0009] The first light wave focusing module focuses the light wave signal emitted by the light wave signal transmitter and then injects it into the light wave signal regulator;

[0010] The inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism is connected to the iron tower rod to be monitored, and converts the displacement of the iron tower rod to be monitored into the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism;

[0011] The light wave signal conditioner is installed on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal conditioner to move radially;

[0012] The lightwave signal regulator reflects the lightwave signal injected by the first lightwave focusing module to the second lightwave focusing module;

[0013] The other end of the second light wave focusing module is connected to the light wave intensity monitor through the outgoing light conduction unit;

[0014] The light wave intensity monitor displays the light wave signal intensity output by the second light wave focusing module.

[0015] Preferably, the iron tower micro-displacement sensor further comprises: a sensor protection housing and an adaptive linkage ball head assembly;

[0016] One end of the sensor protection housing is connected to the adaptive linkage ball head assembly through a first screw rod.

[0017] Preferably, the iron tower micro-displacement sensor further comprises: a displacement resetter;

[0018] The displacement resetter is fixed on the inner wall of the sensor protection shell and is connected with the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism comprises: an upper end surface slide rail;

[0020] The fixed end of the upper end surface slide rail is connected to the pole of the iron tower to be monitored through a second screw rod penetrating the sensor protective housing;

[0021] The reset end of the upper end surface slide rail is connected to the displacement reset device.

[0022] Preferably, the optical wave signal modulator comprises: a lower end base and an upper end light shield;

[0023] The lower end base is connected to the upper end surface slide rail of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism;

[0024] The upper end light shield moves radially along with the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism to shield the light wave signal.

[0025] Preferably, the upper light shield is in a conical shape.

[0026] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0027] The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided by the present invention connects the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism with the iron tower rod to be monitored, and converts the displacement of the iron tower rod to be monitored into the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism; the light wave signal regulator is installed on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal regulator to move radially. The light wave signal regulator transmits the light wave emitted by the first light wave focusing module to the second light wave focusing module; the other end of the second light wave focusing module is connected to the light wave intensity monitor through the output light conduction unit; the light wave intensity monitor displays the light wave signal intensity output by the second light wave focusing module. The present invention performs displacement monitoring based on the characteristic that the light wave signal is not easily affected by the electromagnetic field, so that the micro-displacement sensor has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference ability, and improves the reliability and accuracy of data under high-voltage environment.

[0028] The present invention utilizes optical modulation and mechanical amplification effects. When the monitored iron tower rod is displaced, the inclined displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal regulator to move, so that the signal intensity of the light wave signal reflected into the second light wave focusing module changes. The displacement change of the iron tower rod is determined by the change in the light wave signal intensity displayed by the light wave intensity monitor. The micro displacement sensor of the present invention can capture displacement changes at the sub-micron level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper end light shield provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sensor protection housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6A schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive linkage ball head assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a displacement resetter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] First, combine Figure 1-Figure 8 , an iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided in an embodiment of the present invention is introduced, and the micro-displacement sensor includes: a light wave signal transmitter 1, an incident light wave conduction unit 2, a first light wave focusing module 31, a second light wave focusing module 32, an outgoing light wave conduction unit 4, an inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5, a light wave signal regulator 6 and a light wave intensity monitor 7.

[0040] The light wave signal transmitter 1 is connected to the first light wave focusing module 31 through the incident light transmission unit 2. The light wave signal transmitter 1 can emit light wave signals of different wavelengths. The incident light transmission unit 2 has excellent refraction and reflection inside, which can effectively transmit the light wave signal emitted by the light wave signal transmitter 1. The light output end of the light wave signal transmitter 1 is connected to the incident light transmission unit 2. When the light wave signal transmitter 1 emits a light wave signal, the light wave signal enters the first light wave focusing module 31 after a series of refraction and reflection inside the incident light transmission unit 2. For example: the light wave signal transmitter 1 can use a handheld stable laser light source. The output wavelength of the light wave signal transmitter 1 can be set to 1550nm, and the modulation frequency can be set to 1000Hz.

[0041] The first lightwave focusing module 31 focuses the lightwave signal emitted by the lightwave signal transmitter 1 and then injects it into the lightwave signal regulator 6. The first lightwave focusing module 31 contains a self-focusing lens, which enables the lightwave signal entering the first lightwave focusing module 31 to be focused, ensuring that the lightwave signal entering the first lightwave focusing module 31 can be emitted in parallel, and the emitted parallel light enters the lightwave signal regulator 6.

[0042] The inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 is connected to the tower rod to be monitored, and the displacement of the tower rod to be monitored is converted into the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5. Figure 2-3 As shown, the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 comprises an upper end surface slide rail 51. The fixed end of the upper end surface slide rail 51 is connected to the pole of the tower to be monitored through a second screw rod 82.

[0043] The light wave signal conditioner 6 is installed on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 drives the light wave signal conditioner 6 to move radially. Figure 2 As shown, the optical signal modulator 6 includes a lower base 61 and an upper shading device 62. The lower base 61 is connected to the upper end surface slide rail 51 in the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5. The upper end shading device 62 moves radially with the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 to shield the optical signal.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the shape of the upper end shade 62 can be set to be conical. With the axial movement of the inclined displacement conversion mechanism 5, the upper end shade 62 can move radially accordingly. The conical design can ensure that the upper end shade 62 minimizes the leakage of light wave signals during movement. Compared with a flat shade, the conical structure provides a larger shielding area, which helps to maintain the stability of the signal under different displacement conditions. In addition, since the environment of the transmission tower is usually space-constrained, the compact conical design can save installation space while maintaining effective shielding, making it easier to coordinate with other components.

[0045] The upper end shade 62 is made of a special shading material with good optical properties, weather resistance and light weight. It can achieve high reflectivity and effectively block unnecessary light wave signals, ensuring the purity and accuracy of the optical signal passing through the upper end shade 62. The material has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and can work stably in various harsh environments, ensuring long-term use without degradation. This feature enables the upper end shade 62 to maintain stable performance in complex climatic conditions in outdoor places such as transmission towers. The upper end shade 62 is made of lightweight materials, which reduces the burden on the overall sensor and ensures that the operation of the sensor will not be greatly affected when the inclined displacement conversion mechanism 5 moves, thereby improving the response speed and flexibility of the micro-displacement sensor.

[0046] The lightwave signal modulator 6 reflects the lightwave signal injected by the first lightwave focusing module 31 to the second lightwave focusing module 32. Figure 2 As shown, two ends of the upper shading device 62 in the lightwave signal modulator 6 are connected to the first lightwave focusing module 31 and the second lightwave focusing module 32 respectively.

[0047] The other end of the second light wave focusing module 32 is connected to the light wave intensity monitor 7 through the outgoing light transmission unit 4. The second light wave focusing module 32 contains a self-focusing lens, which enables the light wave signal entering the second light wave focusing module 32 to be focused, ensuring that the light wave signal entering the second light wave focusing module 32 can be emitted in parallel, and the emitted parallel light enters the light wave intensity monitor 7 through the outgoing light transmission unit 4. The light wave signal intensity is enhanced by the first light wave focusing module 31 and the second light wave focusing module 32, reducing light loss, ensuring that the light wave signal can be effectively transmitted to the subsequent light wave intensity monitor, and achieving the purpose of light wave focusing.

[0048] The light wave intensity monitor 7 displays the intensity of the light wave signal output by the second light wave focusing module 32. The light wave intensity monitor 7 can receive and display the intensity of the light wave signal in real time. The light wave intensity monitor 7 can use a handheld high-precision optical power meter, the backlight display can be automatically calibrated, and the optical receiving end uses a universal interface, which can receive light wave signals from three interfaces: FC / SC / ST. After the light wave intensity monitor 7 is automatically reset, the receiving wavelength of the light wave intensity monitor 7 is synchronized with the transmitting wavelength of the light wave signal transmitter 1. For example: set the receiving wavelength of the light wave intensity monitor 7 to 1550nm, and adjust the power display to automatic mode to display the intensity changes of the light wave signal in real time.

[0049] When the monitored tower rod is not affected by external loads and does not undergo mechanical movement, the moving inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 does not undergo axial movement. At this time, the upper end shading device 62 in the light wave signal regulator 6 shields and reflects half of the light wave signal, and the light wave signal emitted by the light wave signal transmitter 1 enters the first light wave focusing module 31 through the incident light conduction unit 2. After being focused, the light wave signal is emitted in parallel and enters the light wave signal regulator 6. After passing through the upper end shading device 62, only half of the light wave signal enters the second light wave focusing module 32, and finally is emitted in parallel and enters the light wave intensity monitor 7 through the outgoing light conduction unit 4. When the monitored tower rod is affected by external loads and undergoes mechanical movement, the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 undergoes axial movement, and at the same time drives the upper end shading device 62 of the light wave signal regulator 6 to undergo radial movement. At this time, the intensity of the light wave signal passing through the light wave signal regulator 6 changes, causing the output value of the light wave intensity monitor 7 to change. The displacement change of the monitored tower rod caused by the external load is obtained through the change in the output value of the light wave intensity monitor 7, and an early warning message is issued to the staff.

[0050] The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference provided in the embodiment of the present invention connects the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism with the iron tower rod to be monitored, and converts the displacement of the iron tower rod to be monitored into the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism; the light wave signal regulator is installed on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal regulator to move radially. The light wave signal regulator transmits the light wave emitted by the first light wave focusing module to the second light wave focusing module; the other end of the second light wave focusing module is connected to the light wave intensity monitor through the output light conduction unit; the light wave intensity monitor displays the light wave signal intensity output by the second light wave focusing module. The embodiment of the present invention performs displacement monitoring based on the characteristic that the light wave signal is not easily affected by the electromagnetic field, so that the micro-displacement sensor has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference ability, and improves the reliability and accuracy of data under high-voltage environment.

[0051] The embodiment of the present invention utilizes the effects of optical modulation and mechanical amplification. When the monitored tower rod is displaced, the inclined displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal regulator to move, so that the signal intensity of the light wave signal reflected into the second light wave focusing module changes. The displacement change of the tower rod is determined by the change in the light wave signal intensity displayed by the light wave intensity monitor. The micro displacement sensor of the embodiment of the present invention can capture displacement changes at the sub-micron level.

[0052] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a displacement resetter 9, a sensor protective housing 10 and an adaptive linkage ball head assembly 8.

[0053] One end of the sensor protection housing 10 is connected to the adaptive linkage ball head assembly 8 through the first screw rod 81. The structure of the sensor protection housing 10 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. The sensor protective housing 10 is made of stainless steel, which has strong corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, and can withstand harsh climatic conditions such as rain, ice, snow and moisture. The sensor protective housing 10 can remain stable when exposed to the outdoors for a long time, reducing maintenance requirements and ensuring long-term reliable operation of the micro-displacement sensor. In addition, when facing external shocks or extreme climatic conditions, the adaptive linkage ball head assembly 8 can effectively absorb and disperse the impact force and protect the key components inside the micro-displacement sensor. This impact resistance helps to improve the durability and reliability of the entire system and ensure stable operation in complex environments. The adaptive linkage ball head assembly is as shown Figure 6 As shown, the adaptive linkage ball head assembly 8 can effectively reduce the wear between mechanical parts, extend the service life of the micro-displacement sensor, and ensure its long-term stable operation.

[0054] The displacement resetter 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the sensor protection housing 10 and connected to the inclined displacement conversion mechanism. Figure 7 As shown. The reset end of the upper end slide rail 51 in the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 is connected to the displacement resetter 9. The displacement resetter 9 effectively prevents the upper end slide rail 51 from deviating during the displacement process when the tower rod moves due to the influence of external loads, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the optical wave signal regulator 6. At the same time, the upper end slide rail 51 can be adjusted accordingly based on the elastic characteristics of the displacement resetter 9, so as to achieve an adaptive response to the tiny displacement of the tower rod. After the displacement resetter 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the sensor protective housing 10, the adaptive linkage ball head assembly 8 is connected to the outer wall of the sensor protective housing 10 through the first screw 81, so that the micro-displacement sensor can detect the displacement changes of multiple tower rods at one position.

[0055] like Figure 8 As shown, the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 crosses the interior of the micro displacement sensor, and the fixed end of the upper end surface slide rail 51 in the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 passes through the sensor protective housing and is connected to the tower rod to be monitored via the second screw 82. The inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism 5 can effectively transmit external loads and motions, so that the micro displacement sensor can monitor the tiny displacement changes of the tower rod to be monitored in real time.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0057] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0058] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference, characterized in that: The micro displacement sensor comprises: a light wave signal transmitter, an incident light transmission unit, a first light wave focusing module, a second light wave focusing module, an outgoing light transmission unit, an inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, a light wave signal regulator and a light wave intensity monitor; The light wave signal transmitter is connected to the first light wave focusing module via the incident light conduction unit; The first light wave focusing module focuses the light wave signal emitted by the light wave signal transmitter and then injects it into the light wave signal regulator; The inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism is connected to the iron tower rod to be monitored, and converts the displacement of the iron tower rod to be monitored into the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism; The light wave signal conditioner is installed on the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism, so that the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism drives the light wave signal conditioner to move radially; The lightwave signal regulator reflects the lightwave signal injected by the first lightwave focusing module to the second lightwave focusing module; The other end of the second light wave focusing module is connected to the light wave intensity monitor through the outgoing light conduction unit; The light wave intensity monitor displays the light wave signal intensity output by the second light wave focusing module.

2. The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The iron tower micro-displacement sensor also includes: a sensor protection housing and an adaptive linkage ball head assembly; One end of the sensor protection housing is connected to the adaptive linkage ball head assembly through a first screw rod.

3. The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The iron tower micro-displacement sensor further includes: a displacement resetter; The displacement resetter is fixed on the inner wall of the sensor protection shell and is connected with the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism.

4. The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism comprises: an upper end surface slide rail; The fixed end of the upper end surface slide rail is connected to the pole of the iron tower to be monitored through a second screw rod penetrating the sensor protective housing; The reset end of the upper end surface slide rail is connected to the displacement reset device.

5. The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The light wave signal modulator comprises: a lower end base and an upper end light shield; The lower end base is connected to the upper end surface slide rail of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism; The upper end light shield moves radially along with the axial movement of the inclined plane displacement conversion mechanism to shield the light wave signal.

6. The iron tower micro-displacement sensor based on optical interference according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The upper end shade is in a conical shape.

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