A monitoring and early warning device for ground subsidence deformation

Abstract

The present invention provides a monitoring and early warning device for ground subsidence deformation, belonging to the technical field of geological monitoring, including a protection component and a sleeve. The protection component includes a vertical cylinder and a protection cylinder, and further includes: a marking component for marking the subsidence area, the marking component being connected with a protection cap and a sealing sleeve; a movable component for releasing the marking object inside the marking component, one end of the movable component being provided with a rotating cylinder; a detection component for monitoring the ground subsidence position; the beneficial effects of the invention: the detection head drives the movable rod and the vertical rod to move, so that while the rotating cylinder rotates, it drives the push rod and the piston plate to move upward, and finally the marking object is released, thereby making a prominent mark on the ground, which helps to visually define the scope of the ground subsidence, facilitates the on-site staff to quickly identify the subsidence area, and completes the timely alarm of the subsidence area, reminding relevant personnel that the ground has subsided, so as to improve the early warning efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological monitoring, and more particularly to a monitoring and warning device for ground subsidence deformation. Background Art

[0002] Due to the migration of underground substances, cavities will be generated in the soil layer, which will in turn cause ground subsidence or even sudden ground collapse. The reasons for the generation of soil layer cavities include two types of factors: natural and human activities. Ground collapses caused by natural factors mostly occur in karst development areas with overlying soil. The soil above the rock surface is lost and migrated under the action of self-weight stress, groundwater seepage force, etc. to form cavities in the soil. Human factors mainly include underground resource exploitation, underground engineering construction, and underground pipeline leakage, etc., which cause the soil layer to be disturbed and hollowed out, forming soil caves. Ground collapse usually starts from the lower part of the ground. First, small-scale cavities or collapses appear, and then gradually expand into large-area collapses. Since the lower part of the ground is in a closed state, it is not easy to detect when the initial collapse occurs, and when the collapse gradually expands to a large-area collapse on the ground surface, it often causes huge safety accidents.

[0003] In the prior art, the ground collapse warning equipment is not convenient for intuitively determining the specific situation of the underground geology, and it is difficult to take targeted and effective treatment measures in a timely manner. Most of the ground collapse warnings are still in a passive notification situation, with low warning efficiency, unable to predict the collapse situation, and during the use of the warning equipment, due to the washing of rainwater, the mud will cover it, making it not easy to find, so that the staff cannot quickly identify the collapsed area on the site; how to invent a monitoring and warning device for ground subsidence deformation to solve these problems has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a monitoring and warning device for ground subsidence deformation, aiming to solve the problems of low warning efficiency, not easy to find, and making it impossible for the staff to quickly identify the collapsed area on the site.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a monitoring and warning device for ground subsidence deformation, including a protection component and a sleeve. The protection component includes a vertical cylinder and a protection cylinder, and further includes:

[0007] A marking component, which is connected to the protection component. The marking component is used to mark the collapsed area, and the marking component is connected with a protection cap;

[0008] An activity component, which is connected to the sleeve. The activity component is used to release the marker inside the marking component, and one end of the activity component is provided with a rotating cylinder;

[0009] A detection component, the detection component is connected to the movable component, and the detection component is used for monitoring the position of ground collapse.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the protective cylinder, several protective strips distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective cylinder, one end of the sleeve is limited and slidably connected to the inner wall of the vertical cylinder, and the sleeve is located inside the protective cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the marking component includes a positioning plate and a storage cylinder, the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the storage cylinder, the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder, the positioning plate is connected with a positioning rod, an extension pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning plate, one end of the extension pipe away from the positioning plate is threadedly connected to a protective cap, several one-way spray holes distributed in a circumferential array are formed in the side wall of the extension pipe, and a sealing sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the extension pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the marking component further includes a push rod and a piston plate, an external thread is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the push rod, the other end of the push rod vertically penetrates the side wall of the storage cylinder, the push rod is fixedly connected to the piston plate, and the piston plate is limited and slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve, the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is threadedly connected to the external thread, a pressure alarm sensor is arranged at the other end of the rotating cylinder, a spiral groove is formed in the outer wall of the rotating cylinder, and a limiting groove hole is formed in the inside of the sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the movable component includes a movable rod and a vertical rod, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod, the limiting plate is limited and slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove hole, a vertical rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting plate, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod, and one end of the sliding rod away from the vertical rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spiral groove.

[0015] Preferably, the movable component further includes a top block, a telescopic spring and a pull rod, the telescopic spring is sleeved on one end of the pull rod, one end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the top block, two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the top block and the side wall of the movable rod, and one end of the top block away from the pull rod is magnetically connected to one end of the rotating cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the detection component includes a detection head, the detection head is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod away from the limiting plate, a cavity is formed in the inside of the detection head, and an electric igniter is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the pull rod away from the top block vertically penetrates through the limiting plate, the movable rod and the cavity in sequence. An inert gas is provided inside the cavity. One end of the pull rod located inside the cavity is fixedly connected with a pressing block, and the pressing block is directly below the electric igniter.

[0018] Preferably, a placement slot is formed in the side wall of the detection head. One side of the placement slot communicates with the cavity. An airbag is provided inside the placement slot. One end of the airbag is connected to the inside of the cavity, and a detachment head is clamped on one side of the opening of the placement slot.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. When local collapse occurs in the soil body, the lower end of the detection head corresponding to the collapsed part loses support and drops, thereby driving the movable rod and the vertical rod to move downward. And with the rotational connection between the rotating cylinder and the sleeve, the rotating cylinder can rotate inside the sleeve. At the same time, the push rod is driven to move towards the positioning plate. During this movement process, the piston plate will release the markers inside the storage cylinder from multiple one-way spray holes, so as to make a prominent mark on the ground, which helps to intuitively define the scope of the ground collapse, facilitates the staff to quickly identify the collapsed area on site. And when conducting on-site investigation and emergency rescue, the staff can quickly judge the approximate scope of the collapse according to these marks, improve work efficiency, and through the pressure alarm sensor, timely early warning of the collapsed area is carried out to remind relevant personnel that the ground has collapsed, so as to improve the early warning efficiency.

[0021] 2. At the same time, during the downward movement of the detection head, the electric igniter is in contact with the pressing block. When the electric igniter is triggered, the gas inside the cavity expands rapidly in a short time and quickly fills into the airbag, so that the compressed airbag pops out quickly. By adopting this gas generating agent method based on chemical reaction, the airbag can be quickly popped out to protect the electronic components inside the detection head from damage, so as to ensure the effective feedback of signals. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the overall half-sectional structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the protective cylinder structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the marking component structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movable component and the detection component of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position A;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the movable rod of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position B;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the top plate structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating cylinder structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection head during the falling process of a monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Marking component; 101. Positioning plate; 102. Push rod; 1021. External thread; 103. Piston plate; 104. Storage cylinder; 105. Extension pipe; 1051. One-way spray hole; 2. Positioning rod; 3. Protection component; 31. Vertical cylinder; 32. Protection cylinder; 33. Protection strip; 4. Detection component; 41. Detection head; 42. Detachment head; 43. Airbag; 44. Cavity; 45. Electric igniter; 46. Placing slot hole; 5. Protection cap; 6. Sealing sleeve; 7. Moving component; 71. Moving rod; 72. Limiting plate; 73. Vertical rod; 74. Slide rod; 75. Top block; 76. Telescopic spring; 77. Pull rod; 78. Extrusion block; 8. Sleeve; 81. Limiting slot hole; 9. Rotating cylinder; 91. Spiral groove; 10. Pressure alarm sensor. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1. Refer to Figures 1 - 11 , a monitoring and early warning device for ground subsidence deformation, including a protection component 3 and a sleeve 8. The protection component 3 includes a vertical cylinder 31 and a protection cylinder 32, and further includes:

[0038] A marking component 1, which is connected to the protection component 3. The marking component 1 is used to mark the subsidence area, and the marking component 1 is connected with a protection cap 5;

[0039] A moving component 7, which is connected to the sleeve 8. The moving component 7 is used to release the markers inside the marking component 1, and a rotating cylinder 9 is provided at one end of the moving component 7;

[0040] A detection component 4, which is connected to the moving component 7. The detection component 4 is used to monitor the ground subsidence position.

[0041] Furthermore; one end of the vertical cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the protection cylinder 32. A plurality of protection strips 33 distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protection cylinder 32. The inner wall of the vertical cylinder 31 is in limit sliding connection with one end of the sleeve 8, and the sleeve 8 is located inside the protection cylinder 32.

[0042] The smooth descent of the protective cylinder 32 for the detection head 41: When using the device, one end of the protective cylinder 32 can be inserted into the ground, and finally the positioning plate 101 contacts the ground. The lower end of the protective cylinder 32 is conically arranged to better insert it into the ground and reduce the resistance of the soil during insertion. The setting of the protective strip 33 improves the overall impact resistance of the protective cylinder 32, reduces the damage to the protective cylinder 32 caused by external factors, and avoids the bending deformation of the protective cylinder 32 from affecting the normal descent process of the detection head 41.

[0043] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , further; the marking component 1 includes a positioning plate 101 and a storage cylinder 104. The positioning plate 101 is fixedly connected to the storage cylinder 104, the positioning plate 101 is fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder 31, the positioning plate 101 is connected to a positioning rod 2, a side wall of the positioning plate 101 is fixedly connected to an extension pipe 105. One end of the extension pipe 105 away from the positioning plate 101 is threadedly connected to the protective cap 5. A plurality of one-way spray holes 1051 are formed in a circumferential array on the side wall of the extension pipe 105, and a sealing sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outer wall of the extension pipe 105; the marking component 1 further includes a push rod 102 and a piston plate 103. An external thread 1021 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of one end of the push rod 102. The other end of the push rod 102 vertically penetrates through the side wall of the storage cylinder 104. The push rod 102 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 103. The piston plate 103 is in a limiting sliding connection with the inner wall of the storage cylinder 104; one end of the rotating cylinder 9 is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve 8. There is a threaded connection between the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 9 and the external thread 1021. A pressure alarm sensor 10 is provided at the other end of the rotating cylinder 9. A spiral groove 91 is formed on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 9, and a limiting groove hole 81 is formed inside the sleeve 8; the moving component 7 includes a moving rod 71 and a vertical rod 73. A limiting plate 72 is fixedly connected to one end of the moving rod 71. The limiting plate 72 is in a limiting sliding connection with the inner wall of the limiting groove hole 81. A vertical rod 73 is fixedly connected to a side wall of the limiting plate 72. A sliding rod 74 is fixedly connected to a side wall of the vertical rod 73. One end of the sliding rod 74 away from the vertical rod 73 is in a sliding connection with the inner wall of the spiral groove 91.

[0044] The prominent marking of the collapsed area by the marking component 1: Such as Figure 2As shown, after the whole device is inserted into the ground, the positioning plate 101 is flush with the ground, and then a plurality of positioning rods 2 are passed through the positioning plate 101 and inserted deep into the ground to complete the fixed installation of the whole device. Before that, the interior of the storage tube 104 is filled with eye-catching liquids, such as fluorescent substances, chemical tracers, etc. These markers can leave obvious marks on the ground or the surrounding environment, and the markers are made of degradable materials to avoid pollution to the land, thereby helping to intuitively define the scope of ground collapse and facilitating the staff to quickly identify the collapsed area on site. In addition, during the installation process, the sealing sleeve 6 is always sleeved on the outer wall of the extension tube 105, and the one-way spray hole 1051 can be blocked to prevent the marker from overflowing. After the whole device is fixed, the protective cap 5 and the extension tube 105 can be separated, so that the sealing sleeve 6 can be removed to facilitate the subsequent release of the marker, and the sealing sleeve 6 can be reused to save resources.

[0045] In the specific use process, when the soil below the ground partially collapses, the lower end of the detection head 41 corresponding to the collapsed part loses support and falls, thereby driving the movable rod 71 to slide downward inside the limiting slot 81, and at the same time causing the vertical rod 73 to move downward. In this process, since the deadweight of the movable rod 71 and the detection assembly 4 is greater than the friction between the slide rod 74 and the spiral groove 91, and the rotating connection between the rotating cylinder 9 and the sleeve 8 is cooperated, the rotating cylinder 9 can rotate inside the sleeve 8. At the same time, through the rotating cylinder 9 and the external thread 1021 The threaded connection between the piston plate 103 and the inner wall of the storage tube 104 can drive the push rod 102 to move toward the side of the positioning plate 101, and during this movement, the piston plate 103 will release the markers inside the storage tube 104 from the multiple one-way spray holes 1051, thereby marking the ground conspicuously. During on-site investigation and emergency rescue, the staff can quickly determine the approximate scope of the collapse based on these marks, thereby improving work efficiency. In addition, the marking component 1 can be reused after recovery and cleaning, thereby reducing the waste of resources.

[0046] Furthermore, the movable component 7 also includes a top block 75, a telescopic spring 76 and a pull rod 77. The telescopic spring 76 is sleeved on one end of the pull rod 77, and one end of the pull rod 77 is fixedly connected to the top block 75. Both ends of the telescopic spring 76 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the top block 75 and the side wall of the movable rod 71. The end of the top block 75 away from the pull rod 77 is magnetically connected to one end of the rotating cylinder 9; the end of the pull rod 77 away from the top block 75 vertically penetrates the limit plate 72, the movable rod 71 and the cavity 44 in sequence, and an inert gas is provided inside the cavity 44. The end of the pull rod 77 located inside the cavity 44 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block 78, and the extrusion block 78 is located directly below the electric igniter 45.

[0047] Rapid alarm of the movable component 7 for the subsidence area: One end of the top block 75 away from the telescopic spring 76 and the lower end of the rotating cylinder 9 are both made of magnetic materials. Under the acting force of mutual attraction in the initial state, the top block 75 can press the pressure alarm sensor 10. When the pressure alarm sensor 10 continuously monitors the pressure value, it is in a normal state. When a subsidence occurs, since the overall gravity of the movable rod 71 and the detection component 4 is greater than the magnetic suction force between the top block 75 and the rotating cylinder 9, the top block 75 will be separated from the rotating cylinder 9. After separation, the pressure alarm sensor 10 loses the external extrusion, so that the pressure value exceeds the set range. Through the electrical signal connection between the pressure alarm sensor 10 and the terminal controller, the signal can be transmitted to the terminal to issue a warning, thereby completing the timely alarm for the subsidence area and reminding relevant personnel that a ground subsidence has occurred. In addition, the distance between the extrusion block 78 and the electric igniter 45 is relatively short. If the depth of the subsidence is less than the distance between the extrusion block 78 and the electric igniter 45, the top block 75 cannot be separated from the rotating cylinder 9. Therefore, the pressure alarm sensor 10 will not issue an alarm signal, which belongs to the normal range of soil layer activities. By monitoring the issued warning, it can be judged that the corresponding stratum has collapsed, which is convenient for subsequent rescue and avoids large-scale collapse accidents.

[0048] Embodiment 2, referring to Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 12 , further; the detection component 4 includes a detection head 41, the detection head 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod 71 away from the limit plate 72, a cavity 44 is opened inside the detection head 41, and an electric igniter 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 44; a placement slot 46 is opened on the side wall of the detection head 41, one side of the placement slot 46 is communicated with the cavity 44, an airbag 43 is arranged inside the placement slot 46, one end of the airbag 43 is connected to the inside of the cavity 44, and a detachment head 42 is clamped on one side of the opening of the placement slot 46.

[0049] Protection of the detection head 41 by the airbag 43 during the falling process: A plurality of sensors are arranged inside the detection head 41. The changes in physical quantities such as displacement, speed, and acceleration during the falling process of the detection head 41 will be monitored and recorded in real time by the displacement sensor, acceleration sensor, etc. carried by itself. At the same time, the data transmission module is started to transmit the collected sensor data and the status information of the probe itself, etc., to the monitoring center in a wired or wireless manner, so that the staff can obtain the relevant information of the ground subsidence in time. When a ground subsidence occurs, since the self-weight of the movable rod 71 and the detection component 4 first stretches the telescopic spring 76, as Figure 12As shown, during the downward movement of the detection head 41, the electric igniter 45 comes into contact with the extrusion block 78. Before the installation of the detection head 41, a gas generant can be filled into the interior of the cavity 44. The gas generant can be composed of chemical substances such as sodium azide. When the electric igniter 45 is triggered, it ignites to cause a chemical reaction of the gas generant. Taking sodium azide as an example, after receiving the trigger signal, it will rapidly decompose to generate a large amount of nitrogen gas. These generated gases rapidly expand within a short period of time. At the same time, the expanded gases rapidly fill into the interior of the airbag 43, causing the compressed airbag 43 to rapidly pop out. In some ground collapse monitoring and warning devices that require rapid response, when the detection head 41 suddenly drops, it may mean that a sharp ground collapse has occurred. Using this gas generant method based on chemical reactions can rapidly pop out the airbag 43 to protect the electronic components inside the detection head 41 from damage, ensuring the effective feedback of signals. Moreover, nitrogen is an inert gas with stable properties and is not easily involved in chemical reactions with other substances, guaranteeing the safety after the airbag 43 pops out. In addition, due to the expansion of the gas, the airbag 43 rapidly separates the clamped detachable head 42 from the detection head 41 to ensure the smooth release of the airbag 43.

[0050] It should be noted that the specific model specifications need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be elaborated in detail.

[0051] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground collapse and deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising a protection component (3) and a sleeve (8), wherein the protection component (3) comprises a vertical cylinder (31) and a protection cylinder (32), characterized in that: Also includes: A marking component (1), the marking component (1) being connected to the protection component (3), the marking component (1) being used to mark the collapsed area, the marking component (1) being connected to a protection cap (5); A movable component (7), the movable component (7) being connected to the sleeve (8), the movable component (7) being used to release the marking object inside the marking component (1), and a rotating cylinder (9) being provided at one end of the movable component (7); A detection component (4), the detection component (4) being connected to the movable component (7), and the detection component (4) being used to monitor the position of ground collapse; The movable assembly (7) further comprises a top block (75), a telescopic spring (76) and a pull rod (77); the telescopic spring (76) is sleeved on one end of the pull rod (77); one end of the pull rod (77) is fixedly connected to the top block (75); two ends of the telescopic spring (76) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the top block (75) and the side wall of the movable rod (71); and one end of the top block (75) away from the pull rod (77) is magnetically connected to one end of the rotating cylinder (9); The detection assembly (4) comprises a detection head (41), the detection head (41) being fixedly connected to an end of the movable rod (71) away from the limiting plate (72), a cavity (44) being provided inside the detection head (41), and an electric igniter (45) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (44); One end of the pull rod (77) away from the top block (75) vertically penetrates the limit plate (72), the movable rod (71) and the cavity (44) in sequence, the cavity (44) is provided with an inert gas, and one end of the pull rod (77) located inside the cavity (44) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (78), and the extrusion block (78) is located directly below the electric igniter (45); A placement slot (46) is provided on the side wall of the detection head (41), one side of the placement slot (46) is connected to the cavity (44), an air bag (43) is provided inside the placement slot (46), one end of the air bag (43) is connected to the inside of the cavity (44), and a shedding head (42) is clamped on one side of the opening of the placement slot (46).

2. according to claim 1 one A monitoring and early warning device for ground collapse and deformation, characterized in that: One end of the vertical cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the protective cylinder (32); a plurality of protective strips (33) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective cylinder (32); the inner wall of the vertical cylinder (31) is limitedly slidable with one end of a sleeve (8); and the sleeve (8) is located inside the protective cylinder (32).

3. The ground collapse and deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The marking assembly (1) comprises a positioning plate (101) and a storage cylinder (104); the positioning plate (101) is fixedly connected to the storage cylinder (104); the positioning plate (101) is fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder (31); the positioning plate (101) is connected to a positioning rod (2); an extension tube (105) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the positioning plate (101); one end of the extension tube (105) away from the positioning plate (101) is threadedly connected to a protective cap (5); a plurality of one-way spray holes (1051) distributed in a circumferential array are formed on the side wall of the extension tube (105); and a sealing sleeve (6) is provided on the outer wall of the extension tube (105).

4. A ground collapse and deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The marking assembly (1) further comprises a push rod (102) and a piston plate (103); an outer wall at one end of the push rod (102) is fixedly connected with an external thread (1021); the other end of the push rod (102) vertically penetrates the side wall of the storage cylinder (104); the push rod (102) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (103); and the piston plate (103) is limitedly slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage cylinder (104).

5. The ground collapse and deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One end of the rotating cylinder (9) is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve (8), the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (9) is threadedly connected to the external thread (1021), the other end of the rotating cylinder (9) is provided with a pressure alarm sensor (10), the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (9) is provided with a spiral groove (91), and the interior of the sleeve (8) is provided with a limit slot hole (81).

6. A ground collapse and deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable assembly (7) comprises a movable rod (71) and a vertical rod (73); one end of the movable rod (71) is fixedly connected to a limit plate (72); the limit plate (72) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit slot (81); the side wall of the limit plate (72) is fixedly connected to the vertical rod (73); the side wall of the vertical rod (73) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (74); one end of the sliding rod (74) away from the vertical rod (73) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spiral groove (91).

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