Rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method, and relates to the technical field of rail transit engineering tests.The system comprises a basic system, the basic system is provided with a plurality of model grooves which are sequentially arranged in the length direction, and the model grooves are used for filling and forming different under-rail basic models; the upper loading system is movably arranged above the basic system and can move along the length direction of the basic system; the upper loading system can apply a load to the under-rail basic model and is used for simulating a train moving operation load; the monitoring and collecting system is arranged at the sub-rail basic model and used for monitoring and collecting dynamic characteristic parameters of the sub-rail basic model. According to the rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method, model test research of different sub-rail foundations and two sub-rail foundation transition sections can be comprehensively carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit engineering tests, and in particular to a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method. Background Art

[0002] For high-speed railways, heavy-load railways and urban subways, different sub-track foundation types are often used, such as pile foundations, roadbeds and pipe segments. The dynamic response of different sub-track foundations during train operation is the research focus and difficulty of rail transit engineering. By conducting track dynamic model tests under train loads, the dynamic response characteristics of different sub-track foundations can be obtained to provide protection for the safe operation of trains.

[0003] The rail transit model test system known to the inventor is mainly aimed at specific sub-track foundations and specific train loads, and the test conditions are relatively single, and it is not possible to comprehensively carry out model test research on different sub-track foundations and transition sections of two sub-track foundations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to comprehensively carry out model test research on different sub-track foundations and two sub-track foundation transition sections.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system, comprising:

[0007] A foundation system, wherein the foundation system has a plurality of model grooves arranged in sequence along the length direction, and the model grooves are used to fill and form different under-rail foundation models;

[0008] An upper loading system is movably arranged above the foundation system and is capable of moving along the length direction of the foundation system; the upper loading system is capable of applying a load to the under-rail foundation model to simulate the moving operation load of the train;

[0009] The monitoring and collection system is arranged at the under-rail basic model and is used for monitoring and collecting the dynamic characteristic parameters of the under-rail basic model.

[0010] Preferably, the foundation system has three model grooves, and two adjacent model grooves are separated by a rigid partition. A foundation pit is provided at the bottom of the model groove, and the foundation pit can be covered with a rigid cover plate; the three model grooves can be filled to form a segment test section, a pile foundation test section and a roadbed test section respectively.

[0011] Preferably, a static horizontal actuator base is fixedly provided in the middle of the side wall of the model trough, and a static horizontal actuator can be installed on the static horizontal actuator base; the static horizontal actuator base is pre-buried in the middle of the side wall of each section of the model trough (2 meters downward from the ground). If special working conditions are encountered, a static horizontal actuator can be temporarily installed at the static horizontal actuator base to achieve horizontal loading of the test model.

[0012] Preferably, the upper loading system includes a reaction force loading frame, on which a loading system is provided, and the loading system can apply a load to the base model under the rail; reaction force grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the model groove along the length direction, and the reaction force loading frame is movably arranged in the two reaction force grooves, and the reaction force loading frame can move along the reaction force grooves according to loading requirements.

[0013] Preferably, two reaction-force loading frames are provided; the reaction-force loading frames include a crossbeam, columns are fixedly provided at both ends of the crossbeam, the bottoms of the two columns are movably arranged in the reaction-force groove on the same side through a driving device, and the driving device can drive the reaction-force loading frame to move in the reaction-force groove; the crossbeams of the two reaction-force loading frames are fixedly connected by a longitudinal beam, and the loading system is fixedly provided at the bottom of the longitudinal beam.

[0014] Preferably, the driving device is provided with a vertically arranged jack. When the jack is in use, one end of the jack is fixed on the driving device, and the other end is fixedly abutted against the column, and drives the column upward until the column is out of contact with the bottom of the reaction force channel. At this time, the driving device can drive the column to move along the reaction force channel; the inner side wall of the reaction force channel is provided with a T-slot, and the bottom side wall of the column is provided with a T-bolt. When the column moves to the set position, the jack moves in the opposite direction to control the column to move downward until the T-bolt is in tight contact with the T-slot, and the column is fixed.

[0015] Preferably, the loading system includes a vertical loading device arranged on the reaction force loading frame; the vertical loading device includes a vertical actuator, the upper end and the lower end of the vertical actuator are respectively connected to a vertical actuator mounting seat and a load distribution beam, a limiting device is installed on the vertical actuator mounting seat by bolts, and the limiting device can constrain the posture of the vertical actuator; the vertical actuator mounting seat is fixed to the longitudinal beam by screws.

[0016] Preferably, the loading system also includes a hydraulic power system, which includes a hydraulic source assembly; a basement is provided at the end of the basic system along the length direction, and the hydraulic source assembly is arranged in the basement; a hydraulic pipeline groove is opened on one side of the basic system along the length direction, and the hydraulic pipeline groove is used for arranging hydraulic pipelines, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the hydraulic source assembly, and the other end is connected to the vertical actuator.

[0017] Preferably, the monitoring and acquisition system includes a sensor and a data acquisition instrument, the sensor is arranged at the sub-rail foundation model, and the data acquisition instrument is connected to the sensor to obtain relevant test monitoring data.

[0018] The present invention also provides a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test method, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Fill the model groove of the foundation system with corresponding test materials to make the under-rail foundation model;

[0020] While making the sub-track basic model, various sensors are arranged at the predetermined positions of the sub-track basic model;

[0021] Connect each sensor to the data acquisition instrument and connect it to the computer;

[0022] Start the upper loading system, move it to the position of the under-rail foundation model to be tested, apply load to the under-rail foundation model to simulate the moving operation load of the train;

[0023] Dynamic stress, dynamic deformation and acceleration test data are collected in real time through various sensors and data acquisition instruments.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] The foundation system of the present invention has a plurality of model slots arranged in sequence along the length direction, and different sub-rail foundation models can be formed by filling different materials; the upper loading system can move along the length direction of the foundation system, so that rail transit model tests can be performed on different sub-rail foundation type models and the transition section between the two models, and the vibration response simulation of subway light rail, high-speed railway, heavy-load railway and ordinary railway can be realized. The model slot is located below the ground, which can effectively improve the overall stiffness of the test model; the monitoring and acquisition system is relatively flexible in layout, and the sensor is convenient to bury, which can realize the real-time acquisition of multiple test parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sub-rail foundation model formed by filling a model groove with different materials in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydraulic source assembly;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the segment test section;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the pile foundation test section;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the roadbed test section;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a reaction force loading frame of a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a vertical loading device of a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a roadbed test section test system of a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1-model groove, 2-foundation pit, 3-rigid partition, 4-reaction channel, 5-reaction loading frame, 501-crossbeam, 502-column, 503-driving device, 504-guardrail, 505-ladder, 6-longitudinal beam, 7-vertical loading device, 701-vertical actuator, 702-vertical actuator mounting seat, 703-limiting device, 704-load distribution beam, 8-hydraulic pipeline, 9-hydraulic source assembly, 10-segment test section, 11-pile foundation test section, 12-roadbed test section, 13-sensor, 14-foundation, 15-base bottom layer, 16-base surface layer, 17-ballast, 18-control room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to comprehensively carry out model test research on different sub-track foundations and two sub-track foundation transition sections.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] For high-speed railways, heavy-load railways and urban subways, different sub-track foundation types are often used, such as pile foundations, roadbeds and pipe segments. The dynamic response of different sub-track foundations during train operation is the research focus and difficulty of rail transit engineering. By conducting track dynamic model tests under train loads, the dynamic response characteristics of different sub-track foundations can be obtained to provide protection for the safe operation of trains. The research methods for track dynamic tests known to the inventor generally include field tests and model tests. Among them, field tests can realize the operation process of real trains, but the on-site environmental conditions are complex and difficult to control during the test, the cost is high, and the test results are often only for specific situations. In contrast, indoor model tests can also simulate different mobile train loads by controlling the output, frequency and phase difference of different actuators in the loading system. At the same time, the test parameters and boundary conditions can be accurately controlled, and the influence of different train loads on the dynamic response of different sub-track foundations can be considered. The model can be repeatedly produced, and the test is repeatable and the cost is relatively low.

[0041] The known rail transit model test system mainly targets specific sub-rail foundations and specific train loads, and the test conditions are relatively simple. At the same time, some existing test systems consider the sub-rail foundations to be rigid, which is somewhat different from the actual situation. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system, referring to Figures 1 to 9As shown, it includes a control room 18, a basic system, an upper loading system and a monitoring and acquisition system. The control room 18 is a traditional control structure, in which a computer and other control mechanisms are arranged. It is a known structure and will not be described in detail. The basic system has a plurality of model slots 1 arranged in sequence along the length direction, and the model slots 1 are used to fill and form different sub-rail foundation models. The upper loading system is movably arranged above the basic system and can move along the length direction of the basic system. The upper loading system can apply a load to the sub-rail foundation model to simulate the train moving operation load. The monitoring and acquisition system is arranged at the sub-rail foundation model to monitor and collect the dynamic characteristic parameters of the sub-rail foundation model.

[0042] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the foundation system has three model slots 1, and two adjacent model slots 1 are separated by rigid partitions 3. The size of the model slot 1 is 21m long × 9m wide × 4m deep. The three model slots 1 can form a segment test section 10, a pile foundation test section 11 and a roadbed test section 12 by filling different test materials. A foundation pit 2 of 3m long × 3m wide × 6m deep is reserved in the middle of the bottom of the model slot 1 for pile foundation tests. When other under-track foundation tests are carried out, the foundation pit 2 is covered by a rigid cover plate; the sections formed by the three model slots 1 can be used separately or in combination. When used in combination, a road-bridge transition section model and a single-span or two-span bridge model can be made. In this embodiment, a static horizontal actuator base is fixedly provided in the middle of the side wall of the model slot 1. If a special working condition is encountered, a static horizontal actuator can be temporarily installed at the static horizontal actuator base to achieve horizontal loading of the test model. In order to reduce the impact of the test on the surrounding office environment, vibration reduction measures are arranged around the model slot 1 , for example, a vibration reduction partition can be arranged on the side wall of the model slot 1 .

[0043] In order to be able to carry out simulation tests on the filled sections at each model groove 1, it is necessary to enable the upper loading system to move horizontally along the length direction of the foundation system; in one embodiment, the model groove 1 is symmetrically provided with reaction grooves 4 on both sides along the length direction, and the upper loading system has two reaction loading frames 5, and the reaction loading frames 5 are provided with a loading system, and the loading system can apply load to the under-rail foundation model; the reaction loading frame 5 includes a crossbeam 501, and columns 502 are fixedly provided at both ends of the crossbeam 501. The bottoms of the two columns 502 are movably arranged in the reaction groove 4 on the same side through a driving device 503, and the driving device 503 can drive the reaction loading frame 5 to move in the reaction groove 4; the crossbeams 501 of the two reaction loading frames 5 are fixedly connected by a longitudinal beam 6, and a loading system is fixedly provided at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 6. The longitudinal beam 6 can move laterally along the crossbeam 501, and the moving range is ±2m, so as to realize simulation loading tests at different positions. In this embodiment, the crossbeam 501, the column 502, and the longitudinal beam 6 are a box frame structure, which ensures the required rigidity of the crossbeam 501 while also ensuring a smaller mass. A guardrail 504 is provided on the top of the crossbeam 501 to ensure the safety of operators working on the top. A ladder 505 is provided on one side of the crossbeam 501 to facilitate operators to climb to the top of the crossbeam 501 to perform maintenance and other operations.

[0044] In order to make the test results more accurate and the load applied to the under-rail foundation model more stable and precise, in one embodiment, when the reaction force loading frame 5 moves to the intended test position, it can be fixed to provide a stable support for the loading system. In this embodiment, a vertically arranged jack is provided on the driving device 503, and the top of the jack can be fixedly abutted against the column 502, and under the reaction force of the jack, the column 502 is driven upward until the column 502 is out of contact with the bottom of the reaction force groove 4. At this time, the column 502 can follow the driving device to move in the reaction force groove 4; the inner side wall of the reaction force groove 4 is provided with a T-slot, and the bottom side wall of the column 502 is provided with a T-bolt. When fixing is required, the jack is controlled to drive the column 502 downward, so that the T-bolt is in tight contact with the T-slot on the same side, thereby achieving fixation of the reaction force loading frame 5.

[0045] The structure of the driving device 503 of this embodiment is not limited. In one embodiment, the driving device 503 includes a driving seat fixed to both sides of the bottom of the column 502, and a running wheel is provided at the bottom of the driving seat. The wheel axle of the running wheel is connected to the driving motor, and the driving motor can drive the running wheel to drive the column 502 to move in the reaction channel 4. In other embodiments, the running wheel can also be directly provided at the bottom of the column 502, and the purpose of driving the column 502 to move can also be achieved.

[0046] The loading system of this embodiment includes a hydraulic power system and a vertical loading device 7 arranged on a reaction force loading frame 5; the vertical loading device 7 includes five sets of vertical actuators 701, the upper and lower ends of the vertical actuators 701 are respectively hinged to the vertical actuator mounting seat 702 and the load distribution beam 704, the vertical actuator mounting seat 702 is installed with a limit device 703 by bolts, and the lower part of the limit device 703 is clamped on the side wall of the vertical actuator 701 through a limit groove, so that by adjusting the connection position between the limit groove and the vertical actuator 701, the limit device 703 can constrain and adjust the posture of the vertical actuator 701; the vertical actuator mounting seat 702 is fixed on the longitudinal beam 6 by screws. The lateral and longitudinal positions of the vertical actuator 701 of this embodiment are adjustable, and the vertical spacing between the load distribution beam and the under-rail foundation model can be adjusted by replacing tooling of different heights. Taking into account the spacing of the sleepers of the track structure, the spacing of the five sets of vertical actuators 701 is variable from 550mm to 650mm. Taking into account the difference in axle weights of different trains, the applied load of each vertical actuator 701 is adjustable from 0 to 400kN, and the frequency is adjustable from 0 to 50Hz. The hydraulic power system of this embodiment includes a hydraulic source assembly 9; a basement is provided at the end of the basic system along the length direction, and a hydraulic source assembly 9 is provided in the basement. A hydraulic pipeline 8 groove is opened on one side of the basic system along the length direction. The hydraulic pipeline 8 groove is used to arrange the hydraulic pipeline 8. One end of the hydraulic pipeline 8 is connected to the hydraulic source assembly 9, and the other end is connected to the vertical actuator 701 to ensure that the reaction force loading frame 5 can be moved to any position and can be connected to the hydraulic pipeline 8.

[0047] In one embodiment, the monitoring and acquisition system includes a sensor 13 and a data acquisition device. The sensor 13 is arranged at the base model under the track. The data acquisition device is connected to the sensor to obtain relevant test monitoring data. Fig. 9 Taking the roadbed model as an example, the sensors of the monitoring and acquisition system include dynamic earth pressure sensors, multi-point displacement meters, acceleration sensors and data acquisition instruments. Among them, several dynamic earth pressure sensors are arranged on one side of the roadbed model in the width direction, and the specific positions are respectively in the middle of the foundation 14, the layer between the base bed bottom layer 15 and the foundation 14, the middle of the base bed bottom layer 15, and the layer between the base bed bottom layer 15 and the base bed surface layer 16. In addition to being arranged at the above positions, several multi-point displacement meters and several acceleration sensors are also arranged at the layer between the base bed surface layer 16 and the ballast 17. The data acquisition instrument is connected with various sensors 13 to obtain relevant test monitoring data, which must meet the test requirements. After the upper loading system is started, the dynamic characteristic parameters such as dynamic stress, dynamic deformation and acceleration on the surface and inside of the roadbed model can be monitored and collected through the monitoring and acquisition system. In addition, when other sub-track foundation types are used, the required sensors can be arranged in the corresponding test model according to the test needs, and the obtained test data can be collected through the data acquisition equipment.

[0048] The present invention also provides a rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test method, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Fill the model slot 1 of the foundation system with corresponding test materials to make the under-rail foundation model;

[0050] While making the sub-track basic model, various sensors are arranged at the predetermined positions of the sub-track basic model;

[0051] Connect each sensor to the data acquisition instrument and connect it to the computer;

[0052] Start the upper loading system and move it to the position of the sub-rail foundation model to be tested. Use the vertical actuator 701 to control the load distribution beam 704 to apply load to the sub-rail foundation model to be tested, simulating the train moving operation load.

[0053] Dynamic stress, dynamic deformation and acceleration test data are collected in real time through various sensors and data acquisition instruments.

[0054] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system, characterized by: include: A foundation system, wherein the foundation system has a plurality of model grooves arranged in sequence along the length direction, and the model grooves are used to fill and form different under-rail foundation models; An upper loading system is movably arranged above the foundation system and is capable of moving along the length direction of the foundation system; the upper loading system is capable of applying a load to the under-rail foundation model to simulate the moving operation load of the train; The monitoring and collection system is arranged at the under-rail basic model and is used for monitoring and collecting the dynamic characteristic parameters of the under-rail basic model.

2. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation system has three model grooves, and two adjacent model grooves are separated by a rigid partition. A foundation pit is provided at the bottom of the model groove, and the foundation pit can be covered with a rigid cover plate; the three model grooves can be filled to form a segment test section, a pile foundation test section and a roadbed test section respectively.

3. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A static horizontal actuator base is fixedly provided at the middle of the side wall of the model groove, and a static horizontal actuator can be installed on the static horizontal actuator base.

4. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper loading system includes a reaction force loading frame, on which a loading system is provided, and the loading system can apply a load to the basic model under the rail; reaction force grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the model groove along the length direction, and the reaction force loading frame is movably arranged in the two reaction force grooves, and the reaction force loading frame can move along the reaction force grooves according to loading requirements.

5. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Two reaction-force loading frames are provided; the reaction-force loading frames include a crossbeam, and columns are fixedly provided at both ends of the crossbeam. The bottoms of the two columns are movably arranged in the reaction-force groove on the same side through a driving device, and the driving device can drive the reaction-force loading frame to move in the reaction-force groove; the crossbeams of the two reaction-force loading frames are fixedly connected by a longitudinal beam, and the loading system is fixedly provided at the bottom of the longitudinal beam.

6. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The driving device is provided with a vertically arranged jack, and the jack can drive the column upward until the column is out of contact with the bottom of the reaction force channel; the inner side wall of the reaction force channel is provided with a T-slot, and the bottom side wall of the column is provided with a T-bolt, and when the T-bolt is in tight contact with the T-slot, the column is fixed.

7. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 5 is characterized by: The loading system includes a vertical loading device arranged on the reaction force loading frame; the vertical loading device includes a vertical actuator, the upper end and the lower end of the vertical actuator are respectively connected to a vertical actuator mounting seat and a load distribution beam, a limiting device is installed on the vertical actuator mounting seat by bolts, and the limiting device can constrain the posture of the vertical actuator; the vertical actuator mounting seat is fixed to the longitudinal beam by screws.

8. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 7 is characterized by: The loading system also includes a hydraulic power system, which includes a hydraulic source assembly; a basement is provided at the end of the basic system along the length direction, and the hydraulic source assembly is arranged in the basement; a hydraulic pipeline groove is opened on one side of the basic system along the length direction, and the hydraulic pipeline groove is used to arrange hydraulic pipelines, one end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the hydraulic source assembly, and the other end is connected to the vertical actuator.

9. The rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The monitoring and acquisition system includes a sensor and a data acquisition instrument. The sensor is arranged at the under-rail foundation model, and the data acquisition instrument is connected to the sensor to obtain relevant test monitoring data.

10. A rail transit dynamic model comprehensive test method, characterized by: The steps include: Fill the model groove of the foundation system with corresponding test materials to make the under-track foundation model; While making the sub-track basic model, various sensors are arranged at the predetermined positions of the sub-track basic model; Connect each sensor to the data acquisition instrument and connect it to the computer; Start the upper loading system, move it to the position of the under-rail foundation model to be tested, apply load to the under-rail foundation model to simulate the moving operation load of the train; Dynamic stress, dynamic deformation and acceleration test data are collected in real time through various sensors and data acquisition instruments.

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