Shear wall quasi-static test device and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a shear wall quasi-static test device and test method, and relates to the technical field of quasi-static tests. The device comprises a supporting stand column, a loading beam, a guide beam, a counter-force frame, a magnetic component, a counter-force beam, a vertical actuator, a horizontal actuator, a connecting beam, a shear wall to be tested, a magnetic plate, a force transmission frame and other components, wherein the components are connected in a specific mode. The device is simple in structure and convenient in test operation, the magnetic plates are mounted on the loading beam and the test device, and the principle that like poles of the magnets repel is utilized, so that no friction force is generated between the shear wall and the quasi-static test device under the condition of no contact, and the accuracy of the quasi-static test of the shear wall is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of quasi-static test, in particular to a quasi-static test device for a shear wall. Background Art

[0002] The quasi-static test is a test used to understand the stress performance and bearing capacity of components (such as walls, beams and columns, etc.), such as wall seismic test. In the existing quasi-static tests, most of them need to apply loads to the components from top to bottom, so the components need to be moved to the bottom of the quasi-static test device used to apply loads, and then the components are hoisted, and then the loads are applied with the quasi-static test device to conduct the quasi-static test.

[0003] However, during the quasi-static test of shear walls, it is necessary to add an out-of-plane support device outside the surface of the component (shear wall) to prevent the component from tilting outward. The traditional method is to add rollers outside the support device to convert the sliding friction between the component and the support device into rolling friction, so that it can move freely; but during the actual test, friction will still occur between the component and the support device, thus affecting the accuracy of the test data. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of low test accuracy caused by friction between the shear wall and the quasi-static test device during the quasi-static test, and to provide a quasi-static test device and a test method for a shear wall, which can ensure that no friction is generated between the shear wall and the quasi-static test device, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the quasi-static test of the shear wall.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a quasi-static test device for a shear wall, comprising a support frame, a reaction frame and an actuator, and also comprising a shear wall to be tested; the support frame comprises a support column, a loading beam and a guide beam; there are four support columns, and the four support columns are distributed at intervals in a rectangular shape; the loading beam is located on the inner side of the support frame and is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four support columns; there are two guide beams, and they are located below the loading beams; the two guide beams are located at the same horizontal height, and are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two support columns on the same side of the support frame, and there is a spacing between the two guide beams; on the side where the two guide beams face each other, a magnetic member is provided along the length direction thereof; the reaction frame is located at one end of the rectangle where the support column is located; The actuator comprises a horizontal actuator and a vertical actuator; the vertical actuator is fixedly connected to the loading beam and is directly opposite to the spacing between the two guide beams, the actuating end of the vertical actuator is arranged downward and can extend into the spacing between the two guide beams, and is used to vertically fix the shear wall to be tested; the horizontal actuator is horizontally installed on a side of the reaction frame close to the support frame and is directly opposite to the spacing between the two guide beams, the actuating end of the horizontal actuator is facing the direction of the support frame and can extend into the spacing between the two guide beams, and is used to apply a load to the shear wall to be tested; The two side surfaces of the shear wall to be tested correspond to the positions of the magnetic components, and magnetic plates are installed in the horizontal direction; and the polarity of the magnetic plates is the same as the polarity of the corresponding magnetic components, so that through the principle of like charges repel each other, when the shear wall to be tested moves between the two guide beams, no friction is generated between the shear wall to be tested and the shear wall quasi-static test device.

[0006] In the aforementioned shear wall quasi-static test device, the magnetic component is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

[0007] In the aforementioned shear wall quasi-static test device, the reaction frame includes two other supporting columns, a reaction beam is arranged between the two supporting columns; and the horizontal actuator is fixedly connected to the reaction beam.

[0008] In the aforementioned quasi-static test device for shear walls, both ends of the reaction beam are connected to the supporting columns by sliding fit through guide rails and can move vertically, and a locking device is provided between the reaction beam and the supporting columns.

[0009] In the aforementioned pseudo-static test device for shear walls, the loading beam is connected to the support frame via a connecting beam; the two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected to two supporting columns at the same end of the support frame.

[0010] In the aforementioned shear wall quasi-static test device, a support block is provided on the inner side of the two support columns on the same side of the support frame, corresponding to the lower side of the guide beam, and the support block is fixedly connected to the support column; the guide beam is located above the support block and fixedly connected to the support block.

[0011] In the aforementioned shear wall quasi-static test device, the support columns, loading beams, guide beams and reaction frames are all made of steel structures.

[0012] A shear wall quasi-static test method using the above-mentioned shear wall quasi-static test device comprises the following steps: 1) Install magnetic plates in the horizontal direction at the positions of the magnetic components on both sides of the shear wall to be tested; and the polarity of the magnetic plates is the same as the polarity of the magnetic components on the corresponding guide beams; 2) Push the shear wall to be tested between the two guide beams through the pushing mechanism, and fix the shear wall to be tested to the ground; 3) A force transmission frame is fixed on the upper side of the shear wall to be tested, and the actuating end of the vertical actuator is controlled to extend downward and abut against the force transmission frame. Pressure is applied to the shear wall to be tested through the force transmission frame to press the shear wall to be tested tightly against the ground; 4) Control the actuating end of the horizontal actuator to extend and contact the shear wall to be tested, and then continuously control the horizontal actuator to apply thrust to the shear wall to be tested; collect the horizontal displacement of the shear wall to be tested and the thrust applied by the horizontal actuator in real time until the shear wall to be tested is destroyed. The degree of destruction is a 15% decrease in the peak load, and the quasi-static test of the shear wall to be tested is completed.

[0013] In the aforementioned quasi-static test method for shear walls, the actuating end of the horizontal actuator contacts the upper portion of the shear wall to be tested.

[0014] The present invention provides a shear wall quasi-static test device, which has at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The invention has a simple structure and convenient test operation. Magnetic plates are installed on the loading beam and the test device. The principle that like-charged magnets repel each other is utilized to ensure that no friction is generated between the shear wall and the quasi-static test device without any contact, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the quasi-static test of the shear wall.

[0015] The present invention pre-buries a magnetic plate in a specimen loading beam, installs a magnetic component in a test device, and after the specimen is positioned and installed, the magnetic component is energized to generate magnetism.

[0016] The device of the present invention is a non-contact out-of-plane support, and the spacing between the two sides is large, so it can accommodate shear walls of most sizes without adjusting the position, and has universality.

[0017] The components of the device of the present invention are all spliced ​​and installed by high-strength bolts, which have high strength and are simple and feasible to construct and install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a quasi-static test device for shear walls; The markings in the attached drawings are: 1—support column, 2—loading beam, 3—guide beam, 4—reaction frame, 5—magnetic member, 6—reaction beam, 7—vertical actuator, 8—horizontal actuator, 9—connecting beam, 10—shear wall to be tested, 11—magnetic plate, 12—force transmission frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment, a shear wall quasi-static test device, structure reference Figure 1 As shown, it includes a support frame, a reaction frame 4 and an actuator; wherein the support frame includes a support column 1, a loading beam 2 and a guide beam 3. The four support columns 1 are spaced and rectangular. The loading beam 2 is located inside the support frame, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the support frame, and is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four support columns. During implementation, the loading beam 2 is connected to the support frame through a connecting beam 9, wherein the two ends of the connecting beam 9 are respectively connected to the two support columns 1 at the same end of the support frame.

[0021] There are two guide beams 3, which are located below the loading beam 2, and their length direction is consistent with the length direction of the loading beam 2. The two guide beams 3 are located at the same horizontal height, and are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two supporting columns 1 on the same side of the support frame, and there is a spacing between the two guide beams 3. During implementation, a support block is provided below the corresponding guide beam 3 on the inner side of the two supporting columns 1 on the same side of the support frame, and the support block is fixedly connected to the supporting column 1; the guide beam 3 is located above the support block and is fixedly connected to the support block. On the side facing the two guide beams 3, a magnetic component 5 is provided along its length direction. Among them, the magnetic component 5 adopts a permanent magnet or an electromagnet; according to needs, a permanent magnet with the required polarity is selected for installation, or the electromagnet is powered to generate a magnetic field.

[0022] A quasi-static test device for shear walls is provided, in which magnetic plates 11 are installed in the horizontal direction at positions of the magnetic components 5 on both sides of the shear wall 10 to be tested; and the polarity of the magnetic plates 11 is the same as the polarity of the corresponding magnetic components 5, so that through the principle of like charges repel each other, when the shear wall 10 to be tested moves between the two guide beams 3, no friction is generated between the shear wall 10 to be tested and the quasi-static test device for shear walls.

[0023] The reaction frame 4 is located at one end of the support frame. The reaction frame 4 also includes two support columns 1, and a reaction beam 6 is installed on one side of the two support columns 1 connected to the horizontal actuator 8, and the horizontal actuator 8 is fixedly connected to the reaction beam 6.

[0024] The actuators include a horizontal actuator 8 and a vertical actuator 7 .

[0025] The vertical actuator 7 is fixedly connected to the loading beam 2, and the vertical actuator 7 is directly opposite to the spacing between the two guide beams 3. Its actuating end is arranged downward and can extend into the spacing between the two guide beams 3, so as to vertically fix the shear wall 10 to be tested.

[0026] The horizontal actuator 8 is horizontally installed on one side of the reaction frame 4 close to the support frame and is directly opposite to the gap between the two guide beams 3. Its actuating end faces the direction of the support frame and can extend into the gap between the two guide beams 3 to apply load to the shear wall 10 to be tested.

[0027] In this solution, the support column 1, loading beam 2, guide beam 3 and reaction frame 4 are all made of steel structure; in this way, they can be partially connected by welding, the overall stability is better, and it is easier to build and assemble; and the installation between the various components is preferably connected by high-strength bolts, which have high strength and simple and feasible construction and installation operations.

[0028] The quasi-static test method of the shear wall to be tested is carried out using the above-mentioned quasi-static test device for the shear wall. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Magnetic plates 11 are installed in the horizontal direction at positions corresponding to the magnetic components 5 on the two side surfaces of the shear wall 10 to be tested, wherein the polarity of the magnetic plates 11 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic components 5 on the corresponding guide beams 3.

[0029] 2) Push the shear wall 10 to be tested to between the two guide beams 3 through the pushing mechanism, and fix the shear wall 10 to be tested to the ground.

[0030] 3) A force transmission frame 12 is fixed on the upper side of the shear wall 10 to be tested, and the actuating end of the vertical actuator 7 is controlled to extend downward and abut against the force transmission frame 12. Pressure is applied to the shear wall 10 to be tested through the force transmission frame 12, and the shear wall 10 to be tested is pressed tightly against the ground.

[0031] 4) After the actuating end of the horizontal actuator 8 is controlled to extend and contact with the shear wall 10 to be tested, during the actual test, the actuating end of the horizontal actuator 8 contacts the upper part of the shear wall 10 to be tested. The horizontal actuator 8 is continuously controlled to apply thrust to the shear wall 10 to be tested; the horizontal displacement of the shear wall 10 to be tested and the thrust applied by the horizontal actuator 8 are collected in real time until the shear wall 10 to be tested is damaged (damaged to the point where the peak load of the shear wall 10 to be tested decreases by 15%), and the quasi-static test of the shear wall 10 to be tested is completed.

[0032] Example 2. A quasi-static test device for shear walls, as another embodiment, is based on the device of Example 1. Furthermore, the reaction beam 6 is connected to the support column 1 by sliding cooperation through a guide rail and can move vertically, and a locking device is provided between the reaction beam 6 and the support column 1. In this way, the position of the horizontal actuator 8 can be adjusted according to the height of different shear walls 10 to be tested, so that the adaptability of the entire test device is stronger.

[0033] Obviously, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A shear wall quasi-static test device, comprising a support frame, a reaction frame (4) and an actuator, and also comprising a shear wall to be tested (10), characterized in that: The support frame comprises a support column (1), a loading beam (2) and a guide beam (3); the support columns (1) are four in number and are spaced apart in a rectangular shape; the loading beam (2) is located inside the support frame and is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four support columns (1); the guide beams (3) are two in number and are located below the loading beams (2); the two guide beams (3) are located at the same horizontal height and are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sides of two support columns (1) on the same side of the support frame, and there is a spacing between the two guide beams (3); a magnetic component (5) is provided on the side facing each other of the two guide beams (3) along the length direction thereof; the reaction frame (4) is located at one end of the rectangle where the support column (1) is located; The actuator comprises a horizontal actuator (8) and a vertical actuator (7); the vertical actuator (7) is fixedly connected to the loading beam (2) and is directly opposite to the spacing between the two guide beams (3); the actuating end of the vertical actuator (7) is arranged downward and can extend into the spacing between the two guide beams (3) for vertically fixing the shear wall (10) to be tested; the horizontal actuator (8) is horizontally installed on a side of the reaction frame (4) close to the support frame and is directly opposite to the spacing between the two guide beams (3); the actuating end of the horizontal actuator (8) is arranged toward the direction of the support frame and can extend into the spacing between the two guide beams (3) for applying a load to the shear wall (10) to be tested; The two side surfaces of the shear wall (10) to be tested correspond to the positions of the magnetic components (5), and a magnetic plate (11) is installed in the horizontal direction; and the polarity of the magnetic plate (11) is the same as the polarity of the corresponding magnetic component (5); and by the principle of like charges repelling each other, when the shear wall (10) to be tested moves between the two guide beams (3), the shear wall (10) to be tested and the shear wall quasi-static test device do not contact each other, so that no friction is generated.

2. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic component (5) is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

3. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction frame (4) comprises two other supporting columns (1), and a reaction beam (6) is arranged between the two supporting columns (1); the horizontal actuator (8) is fixedly connected to the reaction beam (6).

4. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the reaction beam (6) are connected to the support column (1) in a sliding manner through guide rails and can move vertically, and a locking device is provided between the reaction beam (6) and the support column (1).

5. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading beam (2) is connected to the support frame via a connecting beam (9); the two ends of the connecting beam (9) are respectively connected to two supporting columns (1) at the same end of the support frame.

6. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the inner sides of the two support columns (1) on the same side of the support frame, a support block is provided below the corresponding guide beam (3), and the support block is fixedly connected to the support column (1); the guide beam (3) is located above the support block and is fixedly connected to the support block.

7. A shear wall quasi-static test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting column (1), the loading beam (2), the guide beam (3) and the reaction frame (4) are all made of steel structures.

8. A quasi-static test method for shear walls, characterized in that: The shear wall quasi-static test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following steps: 1) Installing magnetic plates (11) in a horizontal direction at positions corresponding to the magnetic components (5) on both sides of the shear wall (10) to be tested; and the polarity of the magnetic plates (11) is the same as the polarity of the magnetic components (5) on the corresponding guide beams (3); 2) pushing the shear wall (10) to be tested between the two guide beams (3) by means of a pushing mechanism, and fixing the shear wall (10) to be tested to the ground; 3) fixing a force transmission frame (12) on the upper side of the shear wall (10) to be tested, controlling the actuating end of the vertical actuator (7) to extend downward and abut against the force transmission frame (12), applying pressure to the shear wall (10) to be tested through the force transmission frame (12), and pressing the shear wall (10) to be tested against the ground; 4) After the actuating end of the horizontal actuator (8) is controlled to extend and contact the shear wall (10) to be tested, the horizontal actuator (8) is continuously controlled to apply a thrust to the shear wall (10) to be tested; the horizontal displacement of the shear wall (10) to be tested and the thrust applied by the horizontal actuator (8) are collected in real time until the shear wall (10) to be tested is destroyed, thereby completing the quasi-static test of the shear wall (10) to be tested.

9. A quasi-static test method for shear walls according to claim 8, characterized in that: The actuating end of the horizontal actuator (8) contacts the upper portion of the shear wall (10) to be tested.

10. A quasi-static test method for shear walls according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4), the shear wall (10) to be tested is damaged until the peak load of the shear wall (10) to be tested decreases by at least 15%.

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